SP503

Advanced Digital Signal Processing

Week # 08: 11th November, , 2013

Engr.AHMEDALI

DiscreteConvolutionExample
Problem#01:

DiscreteConvolutionExample
Solution

DiscreteConvolutionExample
Solution

DiscreteConvolutionExample
Solution

DiscreteConvolutionExample
Solution

DiscreteConvolutionExample
Solution

DiscreteConvolutionExample
Solution

DiscreteConvolutionExample
Solution

DiscreteConvolutionExample
Solution

DiscreteConvolutionExample
Solution

DiscreteConvolutionExample
Solution

DiscreteConvolutionExample
FinalOutput

NumericalConvolutionUsingMATLAB
Definex[n]andh[n]
xx = [5 7 -9 10]; hh = [1 2 3]; Mayalsobeusefultousethezeros andones functions(especiallyformatchingupsample values)

Usetheconv function
yy = conv(xx,hh);

DiscreteConvolutionExample

DiscreteConvolutionExample
Solution(a)

DiscreteConvolutionExample

DiscreteConvolutionExample

DiscreteConvolutionExample

DiscreteConvolutionExample

DiscreteConvolutionExample

CTUnitImpulse p Response p ConsidertheCTSISOsystem:

x(t )

System

y (t )

Iftheinputsignalis x(t ) = (t )andthe systemhasnoenergyat t = 0 ,theoutput y (t ) = h(t )iscalledtheimpulseresponseof thesystem

(t )

System y

h(t )

Exploiting p gTimeInvariance Letx[n]beanarbitraryinputsignalwith x(t ) = 0, for t < 0 Usingthesiftingpropertyof (t ),wemay write

x(t ) =

x( ) (t )d ,
System

t0

Exploitingtimeinvariance invariance,itis

(t )

h(t )

Exploiting p g Time-Invariance

Exploiting p g Linearity y Exploitinglinearity linearity, , itis

y (t ) =

x( )h(t )doesnotcontain Iftheintegrand g animpulselocatedat = 0,thelowerlimitof g canbetakentobe0,i.e., theintegral

x( )h(t )d ,

t0

y (t ) = x( )h(t )d , t 0
0

The Convolution Integral Thisparticularintegrationiscalledthe convolution l i integral i l

y (t ) = x( )h(t )d , t 0 0 144 244 3 x(t ) h(t ) Equation iscalledthe y (t ) = x(t ) h(t )

convolutionrepresentationofthesystem Remark:aCTLTIsystemiscompletely d described ib dby b its it impulse i l responseh(t)

Block Diagram Representation of CT LTI Systems Sincetheimpulseresponseh(t)providesthe completedescriptionofaCTLTIsystem,we write

x(t )

h(t )

y (t )

Example: Analytical Computation of the Convolution Integral Supposethatwherep(t)is x( t) = h (t ) = p (t ), figure therectangular pulse depicted in

p (t )

Example Contd Inordertocomputetheconvolution integral

y (t ) = x( )h(t )d , t 0
0

wehavetoconsiderfourcases:

Example Contd Case1: t 0

h(t )
t T

x( )

0
y (t ) = 0

Example Contd Case2: 0 t T

h(t )

x( )

t T

0 t
t

y (t ) = d = t
0

Example Contd Case3: 0 t T T

T t 2T
h(t )

x( )

0 t T
T

y (t ) =

t T

d = T (t T ) = 2T t

Example Contd Case4:

T t T x( )

2T t
h(t ) T t T

0
y (t ) = 0

Example Cont Contd d

y (t ) = x(t ) h(t )

2T

Properties p of the Convolution Integral g Associativity

x(t ) (v(t ) w(t )) = ( x(t ) v(t )) w(t )

Commutativity

x(t ) v(t ) = v(t ) x(t )

Distributivity yw.r.t.addition

x(t ) (v(t ) + w(t )) = x(t ) v(t ) + x(t ) w(t )

Properties of the Convolution Integral g - Contd Shiftproperty: define then

w(t q ) = xq (t ) v(t ) = x(t ) vq (t )

Convolutionwiththeunitimpulse

xq (t ) = x(t q ) v (t ) = v(t q ) q w(t ) = x(t ) v(t )

x(t ) (t ) = x(t )
Convolutionwiththeshiftedunitimpulse

x(t ) q (t ) = x(t q )

Properties of the Convolution Integral - Cont Contd d Derivativeproperty:ifthesignalx(t)is differentiable,thenitis

d dx(t ) v(t ) [ x(t ) v(t )] = dt dt

Ifb both thx(t)and dv(t)aredifferentiable, diff ti bl th then itisalso

d dx(t ) dv(t ) x(t ) v(t ) ] = 2[ dt dt dt

Properties of the Convolution Integral - Cont Contd d Integration I t ti property: t define d fi t ( 1)) x (t ) x( )d t v ( 1) (t ) v( )d then

( x v)

( 1)

(t ) = x

( 1)

(t ) v(t ) = x(t ) v

( 1)

(t )

Representation of a CT LTI System in Terms of the Unit-Step Response Letg(t)betheresponseofasystemwith impulseresponseh(t)whenx(t ) = u (t ) with noinitialenergyattime ie t = 0,i.e.,

u (t )
Therefore,itis

h(t )

g (t )

g (t ) = h(t ) u (t )

Representation of a CT LTI System in Terms of the Unit-Step Response Contd Differentiatingbothsides

dg (t ) dh(t ) du (t ) = u (t ) = h(t ) dt dt dt
Recallingthat

du (t ) = (t ) dt
itis

and

h(t ) = h(t ) (t ) g (t ) = h( )d
0
t

dg (t ) = h(t ) dt

or

QUIZ#04
QUESTION: [05marks]

41