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DjLi `vex ivL| gZje DcRjvi AbK Mvg, vb, emwZ iqQ, b`-b`x,
Lvj wej iqQ, gmwR`, gw`i, gvRvi iqQ, hv Avgv`i Avb` e`bv fiv
Rxeb bZzb bZzb HwZni cevn| Avgv`i AbK KwZ mvb iqQb, Zuviv
Avgv`i c_i w`kvix| Gme w`K j iLB M iPbvi gnvb `vwqZ cvjb
KiZ GwMq GmQb gZje `wY DcRjv ckvmb| wekl Ki Gi KYavi,
BDGbI mwdKzj Bmjvg| wZwb KVvi cwikg Ki gZje `wY DcRjvi
Mvg-M, nvU-gvV Nyi Nyi AbK kg I K Ki Z_ Dcv msMn
KiQb| ZuvK mnhvwMZv KiZ GwMq GmQb GK SuvK Z_vbymvbx, AvMnx
Kgx| wZwb Avgv`i mvgb AvjvKi gZv `vmb gvbyl| kZ eZvi
gvSI w`bi Kgkl ivZi m cvjv w`q BwZnvm mvabvq wbRK mgwcZ
KiQb| Kvnviv cej BQ kw _vKj wZwb KvwZ j ARb AekB
13

mg_ neb ej Avgiv `pfve wekvm Kwi| G M cKvk wZwb h cvigZvi


cwiPq w`qQb, ZvZ Avgiv cxZ, DrmvwnZ I Avkvw^Z|
G M gZjei fMwjK Aevb, BwZnvm, HwZn, mvgvwRK I ivRbwZK
cvcU, ag Rxeb, cZZ m`, cwm vb, Z_vejxi hywwb AvjvPbv I
evLv-weklY iqQ| cvPxbKvj _K i Ki eZgvb ch weZ Z_ eYbvq
cvi`wkZvi cwiPq gj| ZvB gZjeevmxi mvgb GwU GKwU g~jevb `wjj
wnme weewPZ ne| G MwUK Aviv Z_ mg Kivi j wKQz gvc, `yjf
Qwe h_vvb eenvi Kiv nqQ| G MwU Avgv`i eZgvb I fwelZ cRbi
c_wb`k I vbvRb wekl mnvqK ne ej Avgv`i aviYv| MwU wbtm`n
Avgv`i myL GKwU mvebvgq w`K DbvPb KiQ| bZzb cRb, cvVK I
MelK`i MelYv I Rvbvi myweav_ G M gvBj djK wnme KvR Kie|
Gi AvM gZje DcRjvi Dci Kvb c~Yv M iwPZ nqwb| dj gZje
DcRjvi Kvb cKZ Z_ bB| BDGbI mwdKzj Bmjvg wbR `vq I `vwqZeva
_K G KwVb KvR nvZ w`q Aek mKj gnji cksmv KzwoqQb|
mekl ejev, MwU h g~jevb nq DVe ZvZ m`n bB| ZvB BwZnvmK
Rvbv I BwZnvmK RvbvZ KiYxq KvR mKji GwMq Avmv DwPZ|

jLK : gvt gvKmy`yj nK evejy

14

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi,
gZje `wY

c_g Aavq : fMvwjK, ivRbwZK I mvswZK BwZnvm


Puv`cyi Rjv

1779 wLv wewUk kvmbvgj BsiR RwicKvix gRi Rgm ibj


ZrKvjxb evsjvi h gvbwP AsKb KiwQjb ZvZ Puv`cyi bvg GK ALvZ
Rbc` wQj| ZLb Puv`cyii `wY biwmsncyi bvgK (eZgvb hv b`xMf
wejxb) vb Puv`cyii Awdm-Av`vjZ wQj| cv I gNbvi mgj wQj eZgvb
vb _K cvq 60 gvBj `wY-cwg| gNbv b`xi fvvMovi Ljvq G GjvKv
eZgvb wejxb| evi f~uBqv`i Avgj Puv`cyi Aj wegcyii Rwg`vi Puv`
ivqi `Lj wQj| HwZnvwmK R. Gg. mbi gZ Puv` ivqi bvgvbymvi G
Aji bvg Puv`cyi| Ab`i gZ, Kw_Z AvQ Puv`cyii (Kvovwjqv) cywi`cyi
gnj-vi Puv` dwKii bvgvbymvi G Aji bvg Puv`cyi| Kviv Kviv gZ, kvn
Avng` Puv` bvg GKRb ckvmK w`j-x _K c`k kZK GLvb Gm GKwU
b`x e`i vcb KiwQjb| Zuvi bvgvbymvi Puv`cyi| 1878 mvj c_g Puv`cyi
gKzgvi mw nq| 1896 mvji 1 Avei Puv`cyi kniK cimfv wnme
NvlYv Kiv nq| 1984 mvji 15B deqvwi Puv`cyi Rjv wnme AvZcKvk
Ki|
R Gd evBbx wm Gm Gi gZ ivRv UvWigj 1588 wLv gvMj ckvmbi
Rb 19wU wefvMi ceZb Kib| G 19wU wefvMi ga GKwU wefvM njv
mvbviMuvI miKvi| hvi ga wcyiv I bvqvLvjx Afy wQj| 1722 wLv
ch UvWigji g~j miKvi Ges kvn myRv KZK 1658 mvj mshy 13wU
PvKjv ev mvgwiK Awai 1wU wQj XvKv hv RvnvxibMi bvg cwiwPZ wQj|
1765 wLv XvKv wbqvevZi Ask wnme mgvU evnv`yi kvn KZK c`
`Iqvbx BRvivi wfwZ B Bwqv Kvvbx c_g G Aj cek Ki| ZLb
evsjvi c~evj Pjgvb `ytL-`y`kv I `yMwZi KviY Abymvbi `vwqZ `qv nq
wgt wcUvimb bvgi GKRb BsiRK| Zuvi wb`kbvq `vD`Kvw` I fyjyqv
15

(bvqvLvjxi c~ebvg) ciMYvK GKwU c~Yv Rjv wnme MVb Kivi cwqv
i nq| wgt eyjvi bvgK GK ewi mycvwik evW KZK Abygvw`Z nIqvq
1789 wLv wcyivK Rjv wnme NvlYv Kiv nq| mgq mgq wewfb
aibi cwieZb cwqv mb nq| 1811 wLv ecy I gNbv b`xi
gaeZx GjvKvK wcyiv Ges XvKv I gqgbwmsni mxgvbv wnme wbaviY Kiv
nq| 1821 wLv ch bvqvLvjx wcyiv Rjvi Ask wQj| H eQi bvqvLvjx
c_K Kvjii Aaxb Pj hvq| 1860 wLv bvwmibMi hv eZgvb
evYevwoqv bvg cwiwPZ m Aj Ges 1878 wLv `wY-cwgvjxq
_vbv wbq Puv`cyi gnKzgv MwVZ nq| 1960 wLv cnjv Avei wcyiv
Rjvi bvg cwieZb Ki Kzwgj-v Rjv bvgKiY Kiv nq| 1858 wLv wcyiv
Rjv 11wU _vbv wbq MwVZ wQj| KvZqvjx ev Kzwgj-v, eviKvgZv, `vD`Kvw`,
mijv, jvKmvg, RMbv_w`wN, Kmev, bvwmibMi, Mixcyi, RyeKxevRvi I
nvRxM| ZLb 15wU AvDU cv wQj| 1878 wLv RyeKxevRviK Puv`cyi
wnme bvgKiY Kiv nq|

cvPxbKvj gZje
Pvu`cyi Rjvi gZje DcRjvi f~-ZvwK MVb nqQ cvBvwmb I njvmxb hyM|
GLvbKvi fMwjK BwZnvmi mvb cvIqv hvq cvwMUvi iwPZ c~e-fviZxq `kmg~ni
cvPxbKvji gvbwP| G gvbwP AvRKi evsjv`ki G Aji `wY mvMib~ci,
Di cvMRvwZl I c~e fvMi cvnvoi cv``ki Aj wKivZvm bvg AwfwnZ
wQj| ZrKvjxb jvwnZ b`xi (AvRKi ecy b`x) cwj viv wKivZvm Aj MwVZ|
wKivZvm Aji AwaKvsk vb wbqB ZrKvjxb Kzwgj-v Rjv MwVZ nqwQj| A_vr
Puv`cyi Rjvi gZje DcRjvI D wKivZvm Aji Afy wQj| Ugvm IqvUvii
gvbwP c~e-fviZxq Aji G vb wZZvm I meZ MvgZx b`xi MwZc_i `wY
kx bvgK vbi Aevb `Lvbv nqQ| eZgvb Puv`cyi Rjv Ges bvqvLvjx
Rjvi cwgvsk wbq ZrKvjxb kx MwVZ nqwQj ej AbK gb Kib|
eZgvb Puv`cyi Z_v gZje DcRjv cvPxb ei mgZU ivRi Afy wQj| mg
kZvxi wZxq cv`i kl w`K PwbK cwievRK Iqvb PvqvO mgZU ivR AvMgb

16

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi,
gZje `wY

KiwQjb ej Zuvi gY ev cvIqv hvq| wZwb mgZUK mgy` ZxieZx wbg Av`f~wg ic eYbv KiQb hv GB AjK evSvq| cvPxb evsjvi , cvj I mb
ivReski ivRviv G Aj kvmb KiQb ej cgvY cvIqv hvq| PMvg wefvMi
Divj I XvKv wefvMi wKq`vsk cvPxb mgZU ivRi Afy wQjv| mgZU
ivRi AvqZb wQjv cvq 700 gvBj| mZKviYB aviYv Kiv nq eni Kzwgj-v ev
c~eZb wcyivi AMZ gZje DcRjv cvPxb mgZU ivRi Afy wQjv| hnZz
mgZUi Awaevmxiv e agvej^x wQjv mnZz G GjvKvi c~ecyiliv (hviv ZrKvj
G Aj evm KiZv) eagi Abymvix wQjv gg wbwZfve Abygvb Kiv hvq|

17

18

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi,
gZje `wY

19

20

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi,
gZje `wY

gymwjg kvmb Ges gvMj Avgj


BLwZqvi Dwb gvnv`-web-eLwZqvi wLjRx KZK e weRqi ci mgM evsjv
gymwjg kvmbi AwaKvi Avmvi mv_ mv_ G AjI ^vfvweKfve gymwjg
kvmbi Afy nq| wekl Ki myjZvb dLixb gveveiK kvn G Aj
kvmb KiQb Ggb cgvY BwZnvm iqQ|
1560 wLvi Rxb& wW evivmi gvbwP b`x ZxieZx Ucvi Aevb
`Lvbv nqQ| D Ucv ZrKvjxb wcyiv Rjv ev Kzwgj-v Aj| myZivs
eZgvb Puv`cyii fMwjK Aevb wbKU BwZnvmi w`K `w w`j ZrKvjxb
wcyiv Rjvi Afy wnme cvIqv hvq| 1652 mvj cZyMxR bvweK mvbmb
`v Avewfj AwZ gvbwP ev`i bvg wPwZ vb GKwU eo b`x e`i wQjv
Ges mwU Puv`cyi e`i wQjv| R. Gd. evBbx wm. Gm-Gi gZ gvMj mgvU
AvKeii ivR^ gx ivRv UvWigj 1588 wLv gvMj ckvmbi Rb 19wU
wefvMi ceZb Kib| G 19wU wefvMi ga GKwU wefvM njv mvbviMuvI
miKvi Ges Gi ga wcyiv (gZjei f~Lmn) I bvqvLvjx Afy wQj|
kikvni Avgj G AjK wewfb ciMYvq fvM Kiv nq| gZjei GKvsk
(gZje evRvi, evqvwjqv, w`Nj`x I ei`xqv) gneZcyi ciMYvi Afy
wQjv Ges wKQz Ask (Kvwkgcyi, bvivqYcyi, gvQzqvLvj) BKZv`cyi ciMYvi
Afy wQjv|
wewUk Avgj I ZrcieZx

wewUk Avgj Pvu`cyii Aevb


1781 mvj mvfqvi Rbvij21
gRi Rgm ibj GdAviGm
KZK AwZ Puv`cyii cvPxb gvbwP|

1779 wLv wewUk kvmbvgj BsiR RwicKvix gRi Rgm& ibj


ZrKvjxb evsjvi h gvbwP GuKwQjb ZvZ Kejgv wcyiv RjvB `Lvbv
nqwb- gZje DcRjvmn Puv`cyi I Kzwgj-vi mwVK AevbI wPwZ Kiv nqQ|
1858 mvj beMwVZ wcyiv Rjvi 11wU _vbvi Aaxb 15wU AvDUcv wQjv|
gZje wQjv nvRxMi GKwU AvDUcv| 1887 mvj gZje AvDUcvwU
nvRxM _K KU bqv nq| 1895 wLv gZje c~Yv _vbv wnme ^xKwZ
cvq Ges KvR i Ki| 1895 mvj ^Z _vbv cwZvKvj abvMv`v b`xi
22

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi,
gZje `wY

Zxi GB vbwUK eQ bIqv nq| 1900 mvj miKvi Puv`cyi mvKjK wef
Ki gZje mvKj I dwi`M mvKj bvg `ywU ^Z mvKj mw Ki| _vbvi
bvg gZje Kiv nq 1918 mvj hv miKvwi MRU cKvwkZ nq 9-8-1918 wL:
(MRU bs-238)|
1960 wL. ch Kzwgj- v Rjvi bvg wQj wcyiv Rjv| ZLb G Rjv 4wU
gnKzgv wbq MwVZ wQj| Zv njv m`i Di, m`i `wY, evYevwoqv I
Puv`cyi| ZLb 21wU _vbv I 362wU BDwbqb KvDwj wQj| Puv`cyi gnKzgvq 5wU
_vbv wQj| Zv njv Puv`cyi, dwi`M, nvRxM, KPzqv I gZje| 1984 mvj
Puv`cyi Rjv cwZwZ nIqvi ci gZje _vbvK DcRjvq icvi Kiv nq|
ZrKvj gZje DcRjvq 22wU BDwbqb we`gvb wQj| ckvmwbK myweav_
MRU bs DR-2/2wc-23/2002/471 ZvwiL 17-09-2002-Gi gvag gZje
DcRjvK 2wU fvM wef Ki 08wU BDwbqb wbq gZje bvg GKwU
DcRjv iL 14wU BDwbqb wbq gZje Di bvg bZzb AviKwU DcRjv
MVb Kiv nq|
evqvwjqv : 1793 mvj wPivqx e`vei ci gneZcyii ivq gRyg`vi I
evqvwjqvi ` Payix ZLb ZvjyK`vi wQjb| gZje cimfvi evqvwjqv Mvg
mew`K w`qB mgkvjx wQjv| GwU cvPxb ewaz jvKi evmvb| evqvwjqvi
MvRyqU evwoZ 50 Rb MvRyqU wQjb| G evwoi KDB miKvwi PvKzix
Kibwb| mKjB wkKZv KiZb| Kzwgj-vi weLvZ Cki cvVkvjvi cavb
wkK wQjb G evwoi| evqvwjqvi `vbkxj I avwgK Rwg`vi ivRKzgvi Payix
gZjei RMbv_ gw`i I gmwR`i Rb RvqMv `vb Kib| Rwg`vi cy jwjZ
gvnb ivq Payix evqvwjqv DP we`vjq, evwjKv we`vjq, evRvi I WvKNi
vcb Kib|
bvivqYcyi : GLvb cvPxb Rwg`vi`i cvq evivwU KvPvixNi wQjv| bvivqYcyi
evRvii cwg cvk ek DuPzf~wgZ wmcyil gxRv nvmb Avjxi gmwR`
AewZ wQjv hv 1207 wnRixZ vwcZ| cvuP M^yRi my`k gmwR`wUi
AvqZb `Nc mgvb 22' evB 22'| mvgbi cvKv cvY 24' evB 24'|
`Iqvji NbZ 3 dzU 9 Bw| Di cvkB wZwb GKwU Kvjxgw`i cwZv
Kib| GLvb Kvjx eUMvQ bvg GKUv cyiYv eUMvQ wQjv| bvivqYcyi Mvg
23

bKvi Q Gi gZv GKwU cyivZb weR wQjv hv gxRv nvmb Avjx KZK
wbwgZ|
Kvwkgcyi : bvivqYcyi BDwbqbi AMZ evqvjRywo Lvji A`~i cwg GK
DPf~wgZ Kvwkgcyi AewZ| Kw_Z AvQ Rwg`vi Kvwkg Lvbi bvgvbymvi
Kvwkgcyi Mvg| Ze Kvwkg Lvb welq wevwiZ Z_ cvIqv hvqwb| ivRv ivg
ivqi Rwg`vix wQjv G Kvwkgcyi| G Rwg`vi evwoZ 60 KwR Kivwmb
jvMZv cwZw`b Avjv Rvjvbvi Rb| Kvwkgcyii c~ebvg wQjv mq`cyi hv
BKZv`cyi ciMYvq wQjv| Kvwkgcyi 3wU DuPz cvPxb gV iqQ| evi`yqvix gV
AbZg| Rwg`vi evwoZ AvvigvwbK bvgK UPvimj GLbv we`gvb| G
Kvwkgcyi MvgB ni`qvj bvM bvg GK bZvbxq ewi Rb nq whwb wn`y
gnvmfvi cwZvZv I KsMm ivRbxwZZ mwq wQjb|
Avwkbcyi : Beb eZzZv 1340 wLv mvbviMuv, PMvg, wmjU gYKvj
cw_ga agkni e`i (eZgvb Avwkbcyi) wKQzY Aevb KiwQjb gg
wewfb m~ eYbv cvIqv hvq (gymwjg evsjvi BwZnvm, c: 93)| bvqiMvuI `wY
BDwbqb Avwkbcyi Mvg AewZ| Avwkbcyi agkni bvg cwiwPZ wQjv|
cvUki ivRv ev cvYki ivRvi ivRavbx wQjv gg Kw_Z AvQ| G Mvg
AvbygvwbK GK nvRvi eQi cvPxb ej `vwe Kiv nq| gbvB mI`vMii wWv MvQ,
gBbv kvjv` MvQ bKvi eVv wnme eeZ nZv| GLvb BsiR Avgj
cvUi `vg wQjv| mwWv evSvB gwYgvwYK gMivRviv wbq hvevi mgq
bKvWzwe nZv| mB gwYgvwYK ^Yg ~`v I wWvMvQ GLbv cvIqv hvq|
Avwkbcyi mg knii Avq eq ivi Rb jvKi eyiRs cwm wQjv|
Avwkbcyi zji cvZ cvq 700 eQi cyiYv w`wN iqQ|
KvwPqviv : G Mvgi Kvbgvjv gZvi KvbivRvi w`wN bvg GKwU cKv w`wN
iqQ| GLbv ivRevwoi AbK asmvekl eZgvb AvQ| AvbygvwbK 400 eQi
c~e G KvbivRvi w`wN Lbb Kiv nq| Gi AvqZb 12.43 GKi| Gi
cwgcvk KvwPqviv ivRevwo hLvb wZbwU cwiLv iqQ| cyKzii cvwb mP
Kgvbv hvqbv | ivRv ev Rwg`vi`i wejvwmZvi AbK wP AvQ| `vZe ev
24

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi,
gZje `wY

Rbmevi Kvb wP bB| bvnvi evwo


we`gvb|

hLvb cvwbi bni wQjv, GLbv

gZjei bvgKiY
gZjei c~e bvg wQjv RMrM| G RMrM wQjv kxi GKwU Ask hv
mgZU ivRi Afy wQjv| gZje evRvii c~e cvk AbK eUMvQ wQjv|
gZjei eiw`qv Avos-Gi wbKU gvZvje Rgv`vi bvg GKRb bvqe
wQjb| hvi bvg gvZvje Rgv`vi| Zvui bvgvbymvi gZje Gi bvgKiY Kiv
nq| c~e GwUK eivMx evRviI ejv nZv| wn`y cavb GjvKv wnme GLvb
AbK evDj, eivMx I ZvxK`i AvLov wQj| Kw_Z AvQ h, lvjkZ
wLvi c_gw`K 125Rb eivMx GLvb eivMxi nvU bvg GKwU evRii
Mvovcb Kib| GKB mgq gZjei `wY w`Nj`x bvgK Mvg dwi`cyi
Rjvi KweivR cyii Rwg`vi gRevn Dxb Avng` Payix I wMqvmDxb
Avng` Payixi Aaxb gvZvje Rgv`vi (bvqe) gneZcyi ciMYvi
Rgv`vii `vwqZ wbqvwRZ nb| gvZvje Rgv`vii Kvhvjq wQj w`Nj`xi
ei bvgK vb| ei bvgK vbwU AvRI we`gvb AvQ| ewMZ Rxeb
gvZvje Rgv`vi GKRb mydx cKwZi jvK wQjb| wZwb AmsL nvum cvjb
KiZb| Gme nvum cvq mgq abvMv`v b`xi cvi eivMxi nvUi KvQ Po
eovZ| nvumjv b`xi Zxi hLvb PoZv mLvb gvZvjei nvU bvg
AviKwU nvU wZwb emvb| gvZvjei nvU I eivMxi nvU cvkvcvwk mgwi c_
GwMq PjwQj| Kvjg RbmvaviY gvZvjei nvUi w`K AwaK AvMnx nb
Ges eivMxi nvUi cwieZ gvZvjei nvUB cwmw jvf Ki| cieZxZ
gvZvje nvUB gZje nvU bvg cwiwPwZ cvq|

25

bjyqv Rvdwiqv GjvKvi ei bvgK vb gvZvje Rgv`vii evwoi


Pvicvk cixLv|

26
bjyqv Rvdwiqv GjvKvi ei bvgK vb gvZvje Rgv`vii
Keivb hvi bvg gZjei bvgKiY| GvbB gvZvje Rgv`vii
evwo I KvPvixNi wQjv|

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi,
gZje `wY

cwgvsk wbR bvg AviKwU evRvi cZb Ki| wKQyKvj `ywU evRviB Zxe
cwZhvMxZvq Pjvi ci gvZvje Rgv`vi nvU gZje bvg RbwcqZv ARb
Ki| Avi eivMxi nvU bvgwU wejy nq| GfveB gvZvje Rgv`vii
bvgvbymvi gZje Gi bvgKiY Kiv nq|

gZje DcRjv Kvhvjq iwZ KvMRc `Lv hvq, gvMj Avgji eZgvb
eveyicvov I cjcvov Mvgqi Di cvi MvgZx abvMv`v kvLv b`xi Zxi
AewZ jvjvi nvU evRviwU b`xi fvb wejxb nj Kjv`x Mvgi Di cv
Dciv b`xi Zxi GjvKvi jvKRb eivMxi nvU bvg GKwU evRvi wgjvq| hv
`L dwi`cyii Rwg`vi-Gi cwZwbwa gvZvje Rgv`vi eivMxi nvUi `wY
27

28

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi,
gZje `wY

gZje Di

gZje `wY

cwimsLvb gZje : (Av`ggvix 2011 Abyhvqx)


fMwjK-Di-gZje Di I `vD`Kvw` DcRjv, c~e-KPzqv I nvRxM
DcRjv, `wY Puv`cyi m`i I nvRxM DcRjv Ges cwg Puv`cyi m`i I
gZje Di DcRjv| AvqZb 32541 (GKi), 131.69 eMwKjvwgUvi|
BDwbqb msLv 6wU, gRv-77wU, Mvgi msLv- 97wU, cimfvi msLv 1wU|
gRv- 97wU, jvKmsLv- gvU 2,10,050 Rb; cyil- 97,728 Rb, gwnjv1,12,322 Rb| gvU Lvbvi msLv- 45,569wU|
BDwbqb/cimfv
29

gvU RbmsLv
30

cyil

gwnjv

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi,
gZje `wY

gZje cimfv

bvqiMuvI Di

bvqiMuvI `wY

bvivqYcyi

Lv`iMuvI

Dcv`x Di

Dcv`v `wY

31

32

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi,
gZje `wY

HwZnvwmK I cZZvwK wb`kb :


bvivqYcyii nvmb Avjxi gmwR`, nvmb Avjxi Kvjx gw`i, nvmb Avjxi
bKvi gZv weR| bvivqYcyii bxjKzwV, MYk g~wZ (991-992 wLt),
Kvwkgcyii ivRv ivg ivqi evwo, KvwPqvivi Kvbgvjvi w`wN, Szgy evwo gZje
_vbvi mePvBZ DuPzf~wg gZvi jvKwkecyii wKbv (hv Rj`myiv eenvi
KiQ), KvwPqvivi Kvb ivRvi evwo (bnvi evwo)| Avwkbcyii cvUvqvix
evwoi w`wN, Avwkbcyii cyivYv KvPvix Ni (ewYK`i Avq eq wnmve Ni),
bIMvui gRyg`vi evwoi 400 eQii c~ivYv gmwR`, Dcv`x Mvgi 2 wU cyivY
gV, Wy VvKzii gV wPZv Lvjv, KvUviei cyiYv eUMvQ hLvb kxZjc~Rv
nq, c~e evKivq GKwU 200 eQii eUMvQ hLvb c~Rv nq|
gmwR`/ gvRvi/cxi/mvaK/ gw`i :
cvuPKwo nvRx Rvg gmwR` 150 eQii cyivZb hv bKei cavwbqvi evwoi
cvk| gvZvje Rgv`vii eo gmwR` 200 eQii cyivbv| bvM`v gyxevwo
gmwR`wU cvq 200 eQii cyiYv, evuKiv gmwR`, KvbvBevwo gmwR` (150
eQii cyiYv, GLbv eZgvb), Kie` wgwR evwo gmwR` (150 eQii cyiYv),
c~e evKiv cavwbqv evwoi gmwR`(150 eQii cyiYv), PvcvwZqv cwg cvov
e` Avjx cavwbqv evwo Rvg gmwR`wU 300 eQii cyiYv ej `vex Kiv nq|
eZgvb bZzb Ki Zwi Kiv nqQ|
gvRvi/`iMv : evNxni (evqvwjqv) GjvKvi Avjxgyxb dwKii `iMv, w`Nj`xi
bIqvR cavwbqvi gvRvi, K`gZjxi wckvix L`Kvi, kvnRvgvj (iv:) | bvM`v
gvjK gyxi evwoi nhiZ kvn wgevmv mvBi gvRvi, bvivqYcyi AvjKkvn
dwKii gvRvi, Mvwe`cyii Avjx Avevm gyxi (BmjvwgK cwZ) gvRvi,
hvMxPvcyii dRjyj nK cxi mvne, bvivqYcyii gvwgb kvni LvbKv,
cqvjxi Rbcyix LvbKv, b`xLvjvi cikkvn dwKii gvRvi, wcZv^`xi
Rbcyix `ievi, b`xLvjvi mvbvKv`v LvbKv kixd, gvmyvi Avyi iwngi
gvRvi, cvPNwiqvi KvjyLvbi gvRvi, Nvovavixi dwKi jRvikvni gvRvi I
33

kvncyii Rbcyix LvbKv, bIMvui j`y dwKi, nvwg` Avjx, B&qvi Avjx (bvsUv
evevi wkl) gvRvi, `wY Dcv`x BDwbqbi gig RgxiDwb gyx whwb Nvovq
Po &IqvR KiZb I Avwgb nvdR mvne whwb AvavwZK gZvmb wQjb|
gw`i : gZje evRvii RMbv_ gw`i, kx Kvjxgw`i, evqvwjqvi nwimfv,
gnviY RMbv_ gw`i, jvgPwo evb` hvMvkg (1938) hvi cwZvZv gvnb
mvay I we`vmy`i gj| Xvjx evwoi gw`i (100 eQii cyivYv), evKiv gw`i
(200 eQii cyiYv K Wvvii evwoZ)|
b`x/Lvj/ wej/ w`Nx :
abvMv`v b`x, gZje Lvj, bvw`gLuvi w`wN (evoMvI), iweDj-vi w`wN (Dcv`x
Di BDwbqb), nZbLvi w`wN, gqvi w`wN (gwbMvuI), mvbvBiwej,
evqvjRywo Lvj (PviUfvsMv gnvib GjvKv), b`xLvjvi Lvj, evZzwiqv Lvj
(KPzqv gZjei gvSLvb), gviKv b`x (bvqiMvuI-mvPvi), `wY Dcvw`
BDwbqbi ib Lvj, ePvZjxi Lvj, Nvovavix Lvj, Kie` Lvj, Kie` jyUiv
w`wN|

gywhyi vb I NUbvmg~n :
1bs Kv, wLw`icyi cv_wgK we`vjq GKwU Kv wQjv hLvb gywhvv`i
cwkY `qv nZv| G cvUzbi bZZ wQjb bQvi Dxb cvUvqvix (ci
miKvii DcmwPe wQjb)| 2bs Kv- bIMvu ci enixi Rwjj KvRxi evwo
Kvi bZZ wQjb Rbve K Gg mvq`yi ingvb iZb| bIMvu hy,
jvjvinvU hy, gyxinvU hy iZc~Y hy wQjv|

gZje DcRjvi gx gnv`qMYi bvg I KvhKvj

34

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi,
gZje `wY

wgK bs
01.

bvg

KvhKvj

1986- Rbve nvib Di ikx` Lvb (RvZxq cvwU), gZje-Puv`cyi wbevPbx


GjvKv

Wt gnxDxb Lvb AvjgMxi

^iv gYvjqi gx (eZgvb),


cwiKbv gYvjqi cwZgx,
wmwfj Gwfqkb gYvjq,
wevb I chyw gYvjqiI
cwZgx wQjb (1996-2001)

1988- Rbve nvib Di ikx` Lvb (RvZxq cvwU), gZje-Puv`cyi wbevPbx


GjvKv (wekl wbevPb)
1991- Rbve Avjg Lvb (weGbwc), gZje-Pvu`cyi wbevPbx GjvKv
1996- Rbve wRGg dRjyj nK (weGbwc), gZje-Pvu`cyi wbevPbx GjvKv
2001- Rbve wRGg dRjyj nK (weGbwc), gZje-Pvu`cyi wbevPbx GjvKv

gZje DcRjvi gvbbxq msm` m`mMYi bvg I KvhKvj


1954- Rbve kvn` Avjx cvUvqvix (hydU), c~e e AvBb cwil` m`m I
WcywU xKvi, cvwKvb

2008- Gqvi fvBm gvkvj (Ae:) Gg iwdKzj Bmjvg (AvIqvgx jxM), gZje
Di-`wY wbevPbx GjvKv

1962- Rbve Ave`yj gwZb cvUvqvix GgGbG (ewmK WgvwUK g^vi`i


fvU)
1962- Rbve Wvt bIqve Avjx (ewmK WgvwUK g^vi`i fvU)

1970- Rbve nvdR nvweeyi ingvb GgGbG (AvIqvgx jxM)


dvBU j: Ae: Gwe wmwK Gg Gj G (AvIqvgx jxM)

mvKj Awdmvi (Dbqb) MYi bvg I KvhKvj


01

Rbve myjZvb gvngy`

1962-65

02

Rbve Avyj evix

1966-67

03

Rbve Payix AvdZve Dxb Avng`

--

04

Rbve jvj gvnv`

--

05

Rbve Avyi ikx`

1970-1971

06

Rbve GK Gg Avyi ie

--

07

Rbve Gg G gwZb

--

Rbve Mvjvg gyk` dviKx GgGjG (AvIqvgx jxM)


1973- Rbve GWfvKU Avey Rvdi gvCbyxb (AvIqvgx jxM), nvRxM gZje
wbevPbx GjvKv
1979- dvBU j: Ae: Gwe wmwK (AvIqvgx jxM- wgRvb), gZje-Puv`cyi
wbevPbx GjvKv
35

36

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi,
gZje `wY

08

Rbve Avjx nvq`vi Payix

--

4.

Rbve b~ij
Avbvqvi

08-10-1988 _K
04-04-1993 ch

--

5.

Rbve bIki
Avng` Payix

04-04-1993 _K
15-06-1994 ch

--

6.

Rbve Gg.G. evkvi

15-06-1994 _K
27-04-1996 ch

--AwZwi mwPe,
Kwl gYvjq|

7.

Rbve Ac~e Kzgvi


wekvm

27-04-1996 _K
17-02-1998 ch

KvbvWv

8.

Rbve gvt knx`


Dj-vn L`Kvi

17-02-1998 _K
04-03-2001 ch

AwZwi mwPe,
Pqvigvb RvZxq
Mnvqb KZc

9.

Rbve b~ij Kwei


wmwKx

18-03-2001 _K
16-08-2001 ch

hyM mwPe,
mgvRKjvY
gYvjq

10.

Rbve gvt gvqyb


Kwei

16-08-2001 _K
06-04-2003 ch

hyMmwPe

11.

Rbve LvRv wgqv

06-04-2003 _K
09-05-2006 ch

DcmwPe, ^iv
gYvjq

12.

Rbve gvt Avey eKi 09-05-2006 _K


wmwK
09-11-2006 ch

eZgvb Kgj

13.

Rbve G. K Gg
ebRvwgb wiqvRx

28-11-2006 _K
28-08-2008 ch

AwZwi Rjv
ckvmK, cvebv

(m~- BDGbI Awdm, gZje)


gZje DcRjvi DcRjv cwil`i PqvigvbMYi bvg I KvhKvj
wgK
bs

bvg

KvhKvj

01

Rbve Avjx Avkvd cvUvqvix

1985-87

02

Rbve Zdvj nvmb (wU nvmb)

1987-89

03

GWfvKU dRjyj nK miKvi (nvbvb)

1989-90

04

Rbve Gg G zi cvUvqvix

2009-

(m~- BDGbI Awdm, gZje)


gZje DcRjvi DcRjv wbevnx AwdmviMYi bvg I KvhKvj

wgK
bs

bvg

KvhKvj

DcmwPe, Avievb
cvBgvix nj&_
cR

1.

AvjnvR Rvwbeyj nK 07-11-1982 _K


17-12-1983 ch

--

14.

Rbve gvt AvjZvd


nvmb Payix

31-08-2008 _K
30-04-2009 ch

AwZwi Rjv
ckvmK, dbx

2.

Rbve Avey bwK


wiRIqvbyj nK

21-12-1983 _K
23-01-1985 ch

--

15.

Rbve nvmvb gvngy`

29-04-2009 _K
14-10-2012 ch

3.

Rbve Rqbvj
Ave`xb

26-02-1985 _K
08-10-1988 ch
37

--

AwZwi Rjv
gvwRU,
wmjU

38

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi,
gZje `wY

16.

Rbve mwdKzj
Bmjvg

14-10-2012 nZ
eZgvb

Rbve Aveyj evkvi

c`yqv, Kvwkgcyi,
bvivqYcyi

Aemicv AwZwi mwPe,


MYcRvZx evsjv`k miKvi,

Rbve gvt kwdKzj


Bmjvg

Avwkbcyi,
bvqiMvuI `wY

Aemicv mwPe, MYcRvZx


evsjv`k miKvi,

Rbve gvt jyrdzi


ingvb

Avaviv, bvqiMvuI
Di

Aemicv hyM-mwPe,
MYcRvZx evsjv`k miKvi,

Rbve gvt gvqvg


nvmvBb

c`yqv, Kvwkgcyi,
bvivqYcyi

AwZwi mwPe, MYcRvZx


evsjv`k miKvi,

(m~- BDGbI Awdm, gZje)

Rbve gynv` gvndzRyi


ingvb

Nvbv, Zzlcyi,
bvqiMvuI Di

hyM mwPe, MYcRvZx


evsjv`k miKvi,

gZje DcRjvi wmGmGm/wewmGm Awdmvi`i bvg

Rbve gni wbMvi

mvocvi,
bvivqYcyi

hyM mwPe, MYcRvZx


evsjv`k miKvi,

Rbve BqvKze Avjx


cvUvqvix

Kie`, gnvgvqv
evRvi, Dcv`x
`wY

hyMmwPe, MYcRvZx
evsjv`k miKvi,

Rbve mvjgv Rvdixb


wjwc

Dcv`x

hyMmwPe, MYcRvZx
evsjv`k miKvi

Rbve RvwKi nvmb


Kvgvj

`wY evBkcyi,
gZje cimfv

DcmwPe, MYcRvZx
evsjv`k miKvi,

Rbve gvt AvdRvjyi


ingvb

Kjvw`, gZje
cimfv

DcmwPe, MYcRvZx
evsjv`k miKvi,

(m~- BDGbI Awdm, gZje)


gZje DcRjvi DcRjv cwil`i fvBm PqvigvbMYi bvg I KvhKvj
wgK bs

bvg

KvhKvj

01

Rbve mwdKzj Bmjvg mvMi

2009-

02

Rbve jx ivYx `vm Zvuiv

2009-

bvg

Mvgi bvg

c`ex

Rbve Wt kvqe
Avng`

Dg`x, gZje
cimfv

mwPe, Kwl, wk, eb I


cwiek gYvjq, mwPe
AfixY m` wefvM I
Pqvigvb GbweAvi (eZgvb
AvBBDwei URvivi)

Rbve dRjyj nK

Nvovavix, gZje
cimfv

39

KUvjvi Rbvij Ae
GKvDUm AwZwi mwPe
(Ae:)

40

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi,
gZje `wY

W: Aveyj nvmb

Di evBkcyi,
gZje `wY

cR wWii, Kwl mcmviY


Awa`i,

Rbve gvt kwdKzi


ingvb

wcsov,
gvvievRvi,
Dcv`x `wY

wmwbqi mnKvix mwPe,


MYcRvZx evsjv`k miKvi,

Rbve nvmvb gvngy`


(cqvZ)

cjcvov

BDGbI, jxcyi m`i,

GweGg dLivgvb
wejvm

Kvwkgcyi

BDGbI KivbxM, eZgvb


Awjqvq AaqbiZ

Rbve gvnv` gwbij


Bmjvg

Rbve gwbivgvb
eKvDj

Rbve mvBdzj Bmjvg

cjcvov

wWvfvv, Dcv`x
Di

Mvwe`cyi,
bvivqYcyi

wmwbqi mnKvix mwPe, vY I


`yhvM eevcbv Awa`i,
MYcRvZx evsjv`k miKvi,
wmwbqi mnKvix mwPe,
MYcRvZx evsjv`k miKvi
(BDGbI, dbx)
wmwbqi mnKvix mwPe,
MYcRvZx evsjv`k miKvi
(BDGbI, KevRvi)

(m~- XvKv wewmGm Awdmvm, Pvu`cyi Gi msMVb)

1949 mvji 23 Ryb c~e cvwKvb AvIqvgx gymwjg jxM bvg Rb bq `jwU|
c~e cvwKvb AvIqvgx gymwjg jxMi c_g mfvcwZ gvIjvbv Avyj nvwg` Lvb
fvmvbx I c_g mvaviY mv`K kvgmyj nK| 1955 mvj gymwjg kwU ev`
w`q agwbic `j wnme AvIqvgx jxMi AvZcKvk| 1955 mvj ZrKvjxb
AvIqvgx jxMi mfvcwZ wQjb gvIjvbv Avyj nvwg` Lvb fvmvbx I mvaviY
mv`K wQjb eez kL gywReyi ingvb| 1966 mvj eez kL gywReyi
ingvb mfvcwZ wbevwPZ nb| evsjv`ki Abvb DcRjvi gZvB i _KB
gZje AvIqvgx jxMi Kvhg i nq|

mgq

bvg I c`ex

....... _K
1970

Rbve wmwKzi ingvb- mfvcwZ

1970- 1973

dv: j: Ae: G we wmwK- mfvcwZ

Rbve Avyi ingvb mvwnZiZ- mvaviY mv`K

Rbve Avyi ingvb mvwnZiZ- mvaviY mv`K


1973-1978

dv: j: Ae: G we wmwK- mfvcwZ


Rbve Rqbvj Ave`xb cavb- mvaviY mv`K

1978-1984

dv: j: Ae: G we wmwK- mfvcwZ


Rbve Rqbvj Ave`xb cavb- mvaviY mv`K

1984-1992

AavcK gvj-v gvnv` wiqvQZ Dj-vn- mfvcwZ


GWfvKU ij Avwgb- mvaviY mv`K

1992-2000

GWfvKU ij Avwgb-mfvcwZ

evsjv`k AvIqvgx jxM


41

42

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi,
gZje `wY

Rbve Rqbvj Ave`xb cavb- mvaviY mv`K


2000-2003

Rbve Rqbvj Ave`xb cavb- AvnevqK

2003-

Rbve gvnv` nvmb cvUvqvix- mfvcwZ

Rbve AvwZK Dj-vn- mvaviY mv`K


1982-85

Rbve AvwZK Dj-vn- mfvcwZ


Rbve Kvgvj Avng`- mvaviY mv`K

Rbve weGBP Kwei Avng`- mvaviY mv`K


(Rbve gvnv` nvmb cvUvqvix AvgwiKvq
AevbKvj 3-3-2010 _K 30-6-2011 ch
Rbve gvt gvqyb Kwei cavwbqv fvicv mfvcwZ
wQjb Ges nvmb cvUvqvixi gZyi ci 27-072011 _K Rbve G GBP Gg wMqvm Dxb fvicv
mfvcwZi `vwqZ cvjb KiQb|)

* 1984 _K 1992 mvj ch evsjv`k KlK kwgK AvIqvgx jxM (evKkvj)


Gi mfvcwZ wQjb Rqbvj Ave`xb cavb, mvaviY mv`K wQjb AvjgMxi
Payix I `Iqvb iRvDj Kwig|

1985-91

Rbve GWfvKU Kvgij Bmjvg- mvaviY


mv`K
1991-1997

1978 mvj ZrKvjxb cwmWU wRqvDi ingvb cwZv Kib evsjv`k


RvZxqZvev`x `ji| evsjv`k RvZxqZvev`x `ji Kvhg gZje DcRjvq
1978 mvjB i nq| ZLb _K gZje DcRjv kvLvi KwgwUi mfvcwZ I
mvaviY mv`Ki bvg I mgqKvj wbic|
mgq
1978-1982

bvg I c`ex
Rbve Mvjvg nvmb- AvnevqK

43

Rbve GWfvKU Kvgij Bmjvg- mfvcwZ


Rbve AvdRvj Rvnvb Kvgvj- mvaviY
mv`K

1997-2003

Rbve wej-vj nvmb gav- AvnevqK


Rbve GgG gwZb cavb- m`mmwPe

(m~-Rqbvj Ave`xb cavb, mfvcwZ, evsjv`k KlK jxM, Pvu`cyi Rjv kvLv)
evsjv`k RvZxqZvev`x `j (weGbwc)

Rbve AvwZK Dj-vn- mfvcwZ

2003-2010

Rbve wej-vj nvmb gav- mfvcwZ


Rbve wgRvbyi ingvb miKvi- mvaviY
mv`K

2010-

Rbve wej-vj nvmb gav- mfvcwZ


Rbve wgRvbyi ingvb miKvi- mvaviY
mv`K

(m~ : AvBbybbvnvi Kv`ix, mfvbx, evsjv`k RvZxqZvev`x gwnjv `j, gZje


kvLv)
44

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi,
gZje `wY

RvZxq cvwU, gZje kvLv


1983-84 mvji w`K gZje DcRjvq RvZxq cvwUi Kvhg i nq|
c_g KwgwU : GWfvKU dRjyj nK miKvi (nvbvb) AvnevqK
Rbve Zdvj nvmb (wU nvmb)- m`m mwPe
Dciv `yBRb ci c~Yv KwgwUZ mfvcwZ/mvaviY mv`K wbevwPZ
nb|
cieZx KwgwU : GWfvKU dRjyj nK miKvi (nvbvb)- mfvcwZ
GWfvKU Rvnvxi Avjg- mvaviY mv`K
cieZx KwgwU : Rbve gvt wgRvbyi ingvb Lvb AvnevqK
GmGg mwjg-

m`mmwPe

D `yRb ci c~Yv KwgwUZ mfvcwZ/mvaviY mv`K wbevwPZ nb|


eZgvb KwgwU : kx ksKi ivI bvM- mfvcwZ
Rbve GmGg mwjg- mvaviY mv`K
45

46

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi,
gZje `wY

wZxq Aavq : mgvR I mswZ (weeZb, jvKwk, jvKmvwnZ, ag I


Abvb)
gZje DcRjvi Av_-mvgvwRK I ivRbwZK weeZb
RbMYi Rxeb aviY, Drcv`b cwZ, mgvR KvVvgvi Mob, mgvRi cPwjZ
wPv I avb-aviYvi ic I wewfb mvgvwRK kYxi ga cviwiK mKi
Kvwnbxi mvweK ic KvVvgvB RbRxeb| gZje DcRjvi RbRxeb evsjv`ki
mvgwMK Av_-mvgvwRK I ivRbwZK cwigj mvZ RbRxebiB GKwU
AwewQb Ask|
HwZnvwmK Kvji NUbv cevn gZje DcRjvi RbRxeb Mfxifve m,
DwjZ I AvjvwoZ nqQ| gZje DcRjvq f~wgic MvUv mgZj evsjvi
f~wgiciB cwZKwZ| b`-b`xi fvvMovi Ljvq mgZj evsjv`ki f~wgici
h cwieZb NUQ DcRjvi I Zv ewZg bq| GZ`j b`x wmKw I
b`x cqwi cfvegy wKQz cyivf~wgi AwZ we`gvb| gNbvi AeevwnKvq G
aibi cyivf~wgi AwZ Zvrchc~Y| GLvbKvi cyivKxwZi wb`kbmg~n mycvPxb|
cvPxb evsjvq G mgZj wcyiv wRjv (Kzwgj-v) mgZU bvg cwiwPZ wQj|
mKvj G mgZU wQj mgkvjx Rbc`| gZje DcRjv Aj G mgZUi
Ask wekl| Pxbv cwievRK wnDqb mvs-Gi weeiY _K Rvbv hvq, G
Rbc`evmx wQj AZ cwikgx I we`vbyivMx| bvj`v wekwe`vjqi gnv AvPvh
e cwZ kxjf` G mgZUi KwZ mvb|
evsjv`ki c~evjxq cvnvox f~-fvMi jvMvqv mgf~wg gZje DcRjv| G
cvnvox f~-fvM cvPxb ci I be ci hyMi wKQz cv_ii nvwZqvi AvweKZ
47

nIqvq GZ`j Avw`g Kvb mgvRi AwZ wQj ej AbywgZ nq| c cx


wkKvi I djg~j AvniY Ki RxweKv wbevn KwVb nq coj Kvb mgvRi
jvKi c Kwl KvR I c cvjb Dcj AcvKZ mgf~wg Aj emwZ
vcb wewP wQj bv| G DcRjvi Awaevmxiv cavbZ KwlRxwe| wKQz wKQz
wkKviRxwe, e`, grmRxwe I hvhvei kYxi AwZ we`gvb| `e `ywecvK
gvKvejvi Rb MvgxY mgvR wbR`i dmji GKwU Ask c`vb Ki agMvjv
ev fvvi Mo ZzjZv| hv Avw`g Kvb mgvRi mnhvwMZv I mngwgZvi
HwZnevnx|
KwlRxwe Kvb mgvR wVK KZ hyM ev KZKvj wUK wQj Zv`i Pvj Pjb I ixwZbxwZ Kx wQj my`xNKvji eeavb Zv ejvi Dcvq bB| AvjKRvvii
AvgYi mgq _K evsjv`ki cgvYwm BwZnvm cvIqv hvq| GUv
wLRbi 326 eQi c~ei K_v| MxK HwZnvwmK gMvwwbm G mgq
evsjv`ki ivR I mbej m^ wjL MQb| ew`K mvwnZI evsjv`ki
ivRivRv`i K_v Dj-L AvQ| KwUji ivRbwZK I A_bwZK civgki
Dci wfw Ki ivRkwmg~n MvgjvK mvsMVwbK ic`vb Ki Ges QvU QvU
^qsm~Y KwlwfwK Mvg Mo Zvj| cieZx kvmKivI G bxwZ KVvifve
AbymiY Kivq Mvgjv Av_mvgvwRK ic cvq| Drcvw`Z `ei cviwiK
wewbgqi fZi w`q kZ kZ eQi ai GwMq PjwQj Mvg wfwK mgvR|
gZje DcRjvi Qovbv wQUvbv Mvgjv wKQz Kvj AvMI GK GKwU
^qsm~Y Mvg wQj| Gme ckvwfwK Mvgjvi ga ZvuZLvbv, ZvuZzqv,
XvwKiMvuI, Avwkbcyi, gnviY, cvUb, Kvwkgcyi I jvgQwo Dj-LhvM|
G DcRjvi cyivKwZmg~n cheY I chvjvPbv Ki GZ`ji wKQz wKQz
mvg ivRkwi AwZ mK aviYv Rb| BwZnvmi Dvb-cZb, ivRivRv`i iqx hy evsjv`ki mbvZb Mvgi mvgvwRK I A_bwZK eevi
hgb cwieZb Kiwb, Zgwb A Rbc`i mvg kwi Dvb cZbI
RbRxebiI Kvb gwjK cwieZb nqwb| wewUk kvmb cej eM emvi AvM
ch GLvbKvi Kvgvi, Kzgvi, bvwcZ, cyivwnZ, ZvuZx, Rj Pvwl cii
ciii Dci wbfi _K GKB aibi kg wefvM, Drcv`b cwZ I Rxeb
48

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi,
gZje `wY

hvv wbevn KiZv| `xNKvjevcx kgRxwe gvbyli kgj Drcv`bi Dci


Abyrcv`bKvjxb ga^fvMx`i fvM emvbv cwqv AcwikxwjZfve AevnZ
_vKjI MvgxY mgvR wQj Abo AUj|
evsjv`ki Mvgjvi wfZ h fvwb, Zvi KviY^ic Dj-L Kiv hvq h,
wewUk kvmbi AvM ch h me ivRkw evsjv`k kvmb KiQ, Zviv wQj
G`kiB jvK A_ev we`kx njI Zviv G`k vqxfve evm KiwQj Ges
Zv`i A_bwZK KgKv G`ki gvwUZ mb nIqvq A_ m` we`k
cvPvi nqwb| `ki Afi gy`v msKU KLbv `Lv bv `qvq MvgxY mgvRjv
Avw_Kfve Zgbfve wech nqwb| AwaKvsk Drcvw`Z dmji Ask
wekl ivR^ wnmve `qvi ixwZ Pvjy _vKvq `e `~wecvK dmji wZ njI
KlK`i ivR^ gIKzd nZv| Ze ivR^ Av`vqi bvg KlK wbcxobi NUbvI
Kg bq|
gvMj cvVvb Avgj DP I ga kwY gymjgvb`i mecKvi evwYwRK,
mgvRZvwK I AvgjvZvwK kvmb Kvhi myweav _vKvi dj Zv`i ga
gnvRbx my`x Kvievi viv A_vcvRbi ZvwM`B wQj bv| Avi G KviY my`i
wei agxq Abykvmb gb PjZ Zv`i Amyweav nZv bv| cvi Abvb
m`vqi jvKiv gnvRbx my`x Kvievi Ki cf~Z A_ DcvRb KiZ _vK
Ges mgvR gnvRbx I gyrmyx kYxi De NU|
lvok I m`k kZvxZ cwg BDivc wk I evwYRi cmvi NU Ges
BDivcxqiv wewfb `k evwYwRK Dk Mgb Ki| Gme `k _K wbR`i
c~uwR MVb I weKvk NUvZ mg nq| 1644 mvj mvU kvnRvnvbi mgq _K
BsiR ewYKiv evsjv`k webv evwYR Kivi AbygwZ cvq, mvU Kbv
Rvnvbvivi mywPwKrmvi myev`| Av`k kZvxi gvSvgvwS Gm gvMj ivRkw
`viYfve `~ej nq co, Pvwiw`K wekLjv `Lv `q| mvg ivRkw
gv_vPvov w`q DV| gvMj`i ivRbwZK A_bwZK msKU `Lv `q|
BsiRMY evsjv`k Gm GLvbKvi ivRbwZK, A_bwZK I mvgvwRK wechq
cZ Ki Kkj Zv`i ^v_ eenvi Kivi cqvm cvq|
49

B Bwqv Kvvbx `Iqvbx jvf Ki AwaK nvi Rwgi Dci Ki avh Ki Ges
Gi Awbevh djkwZZ KlK Rwg nZ DQ` nZ _vK| BsiR ewYKMvxi
kvlY Ges Zv`i m wQqvii g^i I Gi cwiYwZ^ic fqsKi gnvgvixi
dj evsjv wenvii `o KvwU jvK cvY nvivq| KlK`i Rxebi mv_ mv_
evsjv`ki KzwUi wk ei KvwiMi`i Rxeb wechq bg Avm| BsiR
ewYKiv bvggv g~j A_ev Ko wbq BDivci evRvi Pvjvb w`q wecyj
gybvdv jyUZ _vK| eyfzz f~wgnxb KlK I eKvi KvwiMiMY evuPvi ZvwM`
msNe nq AwPi BsiR ewYK`i `vgi gRy` km, Rwg`vi RvqMx`vi I
gnvRb`i Nii m` Ko wbZ cqvm cvq| G `ji mv_ hvM w`j asm
cvq gvMj evwnbxi PvKzixPzZ eKvi mwbKiv| kvmK I Rwg`viMYi m G
we`vnx `ji wewfbvb msNl evua| f~wgnxb KlK, eKvi KvwiMi I PvKzwiPzr
gvMj mb`i G msMvg 1763-1800 mvj ch AevnZ _vK| wewUk
kvmKMY G Av`vjbK mbvmx ev dwKi we`vn ej AwfwnZ Ki| eZ Bnv
wQj wewUk weivax msMvgi c_g i| Bnv wQj wewUk`i wei ivRbwZK I
A_bwZK msMvg| AvVvi Ewbk kZKi Dchycwi KlK we`vni Rb
KYIqvjxmi wPivqx e`ve `vqx| 1793 mvj wewUk cewZZ G f~wg eev
evsjv`ki mgvR KvVvgvi Dci cej AwfNvZ Avb Ges mgvRi gwjK
cwieZb mvab Ki| G bZzb f~wg eev evsjv`ki mvgvwRK, ivRbwZK,
A_bwZK I mvswZK wfw Zix KiQ| wPivqx e`ve _K DzZ nqQ
bZzb GK kYx, wbwgZ nqQ ivRbwZK cUf~wg, wPwZ Ki w`qQ mvswZK
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e`vei dj G Aj mw njv Rwg`vi ev f~wg gvwjKi ga^fvMx,
f~wgnxb KlK, gnvRb, eemvqx Ges f`jvK kYxi| 1769 mvj RgmIqvU
DbZ aibi evxq h Avwevi Ki hvi wfwZ Bsjv ZvuZwk hi
cPjb NU| gv^q KviLvbvRvZ e Gm evsjv`ki ZuvZ wkK asm Ki
`q|
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Kv nvRvZ wKQz L` bv nq m eQi `ytL w`b KvwU Kej Dwoavbi gywo I
gUi gi kvK cvZv, kvjyK Mwj wmRvBqv LvBqv evuwP- Ly` Kzov db Agwb
50

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi,
gZje `wY

LvB--------| G hLb KlKi Aev ZLj f`jvK gnvkq Pjkii avjvB


aywZ ci- gw`iv mnhvM Lvbvi kl KziwQZ ewm mvjmZ gvLv ZvgvK
UvbZ UvbZ Avwds Gi gZvZ gvU elvq wSgvZb---------|

w`q b`xc_i cwiZv LvZ `LZ cvIqv hvq| h c_ w`q Kvvbxi


cYevnx RvnvR PjvPj KiZv| gZje DcRjvi RbRxeb ev Av_-mvgvwRK
Rxeb G bxj Pvl I bxj we`vni cfve cfvweZ nqQ ZvZ m`n bB|

BsiR kvmK I ewYK mgvRi kvmb, kvlY, AbvPvi, AwePvi `kxq KzwUi wk
mg~j asm nIqv, bxjKi mvnei AZvPvi BZvw` KviY Dcgnv`kevcx
Amvl `Lv `q| cieZxKvj ^vaxbZv msMvgxiv wewUk`i nvZ civwRZ nq
GK GK wbw nq hvq Ges AbK eb Rj cvwjq hvq| 1857 mvji
gnvwe`vni ci mviv evsjv`k bxjKi mvne`i wei bxj we`vn Qwoq
co| G Av`vjb cieZxKvj miKvi weivax Av`vjb ic bq| Ebwesk
kZvxi exq iubmv h mgq cKZ RvZxqZvev`x wfw iPbv KiZ e_ njv
wVK m mgq mgM Ebwesk kZvx evcx BsiR kvmb I Rwg`vi kYxi wei
cwiPvwjZ wbiewQb KlK msMvg mgM RvwZi myL GK bZzb msMvgx HwZn
mw Kijv| hv wQj ecweK RvZxqZvev`i wfw f~wg|

wewUki mvgev`x AvgjvZvwK I JcwbewkK kvlYi cZ wkKvi G


DcRjvi RbMY| evsjv`ki eni cvcU gZjei G z`Zg mgvR wP
ewki BwZen| G DcRjvq KzwUi wkRvZ e eqbKvix KvwiMi kYxi
AwZ j Kiv hvq| GLvb AbK Mvg Gme KvwiMi I ZvuZx kYxi AwZ
we`gvb| ZvuZx kYx h DivwaKvi m~ wewUk JcwbewkK kvmbi AZvPvwiZ
ZuvZx kYxi DivwaKvix ZvZ Kvb m`n bB| wewUk ewbqv`i AZvPvi h
me KvwiMi kYx eKvi nq eb RsMj AvZMvcb KiwQj Ges cieZxKvj
msNe nq dwKi mbvmx ek wewUk`i Dci Suvwcq cowQj, gZje
DcRjvi ZvuZx ev KvwiMi kYx h m we`vni mnhvwM hvv wQj bv, Zv K
eje| HwZnMZfve gZje DcvRjvi KvwiMi m`vq ev RbMY H we`vni
Askx`vi|

wewUki wPivqx e`vei dj h mKj gnvRbx myw` Kvievwi m`vq bM`


A_ Rwg`vix q Ki wQj Gi ga evqvwjqvi Rwg`vi jwjZ gvnb Pvayix,
igbx gvnb Payix, gZjei RMez mvnv, wekbv_ Nvl, bvqiMvuq ivgP`
gwjK, Kvwkgcyii bvM Rwg`vwi Dj-LhvM| G Rwg`viMY KlK`i KvQ
_K AwaK nvi LvRbv Av`vq Ki wbR`i eLiv iL evwKUv Kvvbxi
KvlvMvi Zzj w`Z| Gme Rwg`vi`i wejvm emb, cZvc cwZcwi e K_v
Kvwnbx jvKgyL Qwoq wQwUq AvQ| gZje DcRjvi Gme Rwg`vi RvZ`vi
I cvIbv`vi kYx Aek cRvi gji Rb wKQz wKQz wkv cwZvb, gmwR`,
gw`i, w`wN, nvU evRvi BZvw` Zix Kib|
evsjv`ki me GKKvj h bxj we`vn Qwoq cowQj, gZje DcRjvqI
Gi wewZ jvf wewP wQj bv| gZje DcRjvi wewfbvb bxj KzwV eZgvb wQj
Ges G bxj KzwVi Avkcvk weZ GjvKvq GKKvj evcKfve bxj Pvl nZv,
G welq Kvb m`n bB| GLbv gZje DcRjvi m`i `ii A`~i kxjgw`
Mvg GK wewUk bxj KzwVi asmvekl eZgvb AvQ| wKQzKvj AvMI G KzwVZ
bxj Zixi mivgvw` wekl Ki KovB Pzj-x we`gvb wQj| kxjgw` Mvgi cvk
51

cvK wewUk hyM gZje DcRjv evsjv`ki GKwU A wnmve gvMj cvVvb`i
Aaxb `xNKvj wQj| gvMj Avgji mvgev`x kvmbi Aekl wnmve Lye
GKUv eo wKQz bv cvIqv MjI GLvb h AbK gvMj ev cvVvb Rwg`vi
RvZ`vi ev QvU LvU mvgivR eZgvb wQj ZvZ Kvb m`n bB| gvMj
mye`vi kvn myRvi kvmbi wZ wP ^ic Kzwgj-vi kvn myRvi gmwR` `uvwoq
AvQ Kvji mvx nq| gZje DcRjvi m`i `ii A`~i w`Nj`x Mvg
gvZvje Rgv`vii eo bvg GKwU wekl GjvKv wPwZ AvQ| gvZvje
Avng` Rgv`vii asmcv cvPxb BgviZi Aekl gvMj cvVvb Avgji
vcZ ixwZi K_v gb Kwiq `q| bvivqYcyii nvmb Avjxi gmwR` myjZvbx
Avgji gmwR` ej Dj-L AvQ| G me gmwR`i vcZ myjZvbx ixwZi Qvc
eZgvb| bvivqYcyi evRvii A`~i QvU Lvji Dci wbwgZ cvPxb exR gvMj ev
cvVvb Avgji ej AbywgZ nq| gZje DcRjvi cv gvMj I myjZvbx
Avgji cyivKxwZmg~n gahyMxq mvgev`i wP^ic| G K_v wb:m`n ejv
52

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi,
gZje `wY

hvq h, G Aji RbRxeb gvMj I myjZvbx Avgji kvmb Mfxifve mswk


wQj|

evsjv`ki AvenvIqv I Rjevqyi cfve cvK gymwjg hyMi cyivKxwZmg~ni


wejxbKZ wP GLbv engvb| gZje DcRjvi Avwkbcyi, jvKwkecyi, KvwPqviv
I abvicvo cv cvPxb KxwZi asmvekl gahyMi K_v gb Kwiq `q|
gZje DcRjvi RbRxeb cvK myjZvbx hyMi mvgev`x kvmbi AvIZvaxb wQj,
ZvZ Kvb m`n bB|
gvMj ivRkwi cZbi ci ewUk ivRZ cvKvcvfve SuK emj fviZi
wmsnvmb nviv gymjgvb ag, iv, mgvR, A_bxwZ BZvw` me GK Mfxi
nZvkvq wbgwZ nq| G AewqZ mgvR, cxi cqM^i MvRxi _K Ijv wewe,
mZcxi, gvwbK cxi ch c~Rv Ki| AmsL cxivb cxi dwKii Avvbv I
`iMvn MwRq DV| Rxeb wewfb AenwjZ AcgvwbZ gymjgvb mgvR
bZzb BsiR`i k ejI weewPZ nZ _vK| Av`k kZvxi c_gfvM
Aviei Avyj Inve I ga fviZi Awj Djvn `njfx Bmjvg ag I
gymjgvb`i mvgvwRK Rxeb _K mKj cKvi Kzmsvi, cxic~Rv, Kei c~Rv
BZvw`i wei GK Av`kMZ Av`vjb Mo Zvj hv Invex Av`vjb bvg
cwiwPZ| evsjv`ki mq` wbmvi Avjx Iid wZZzgxi (1782-1831) Invex
Av`vjbi AbyKiY agxq cvlvKi Aivj wewUki wei Ges Zv`i
ivRQvwkZ DckvmK I kvlKi wei (Rwg`vi kYx) mk msMvg Pvjvq|
evsjv`k kixqZ Djvn (1764-1840) I Zuvi cy `y`y wgqv (dwi`cyi) Invex
Av`vjbi Av`k GK evcK Av`vjb Mo Zvjb| evsjv`k Bnv divqRx
Av`vjb bvg LvZ| GB Av`vjbi Rbvb dwi`cyi nZ b`xgvZK `wY
c~eei Abvb Rjvq A_vr Kzwgj-v I bvqvLvjx Rjvq Qwoq co| GLbv
gZje DcRjvq wewfb Aj divqRx gZvj^x`i AwZ eZgvb AvQ|
eni gZje DcRjvi divRxKvw` Mvgi bvgi m GB Av`vjbi wZ
Rwoq AvQ| cvovMvuqi KlK, ZvuZx, Kzjy cfwZi `wi` kYx nvRx
53

kixqZzj-vni wkl wQjb| g~jZ G Av`vjb wQj GZ`ji gymjgvb`i


mvgvwRK I A_bwZK Av`vjb|
Ebwesk kZvxi wZxqva evsjvi meAj gyw msMvg mgvb kixK nq| mB
wnmve gZje DcRjv GB Av`vjbi aviv _K `~i wQj bv| GLvbI wewfb
ii ek wKQz jvK RvZxqZv I ^vaxbZvi j ivRbxwZZ AskMnY Ki| G
gyw msMvg mvsMVwbKfve c_g KsMm ci gymwjg jxM Rvovjvfve
AskMnY Ki| RbmvaviYi wfZi RvwZMZfve G `yB msMVbi cfve wQj|
wK Zv`i wbqgZvwK Av`vjb k^yK MwZi KviY KwZcq msMVb gywcvMj
ivRbxwZ mPZb jvK`iK KvR AevnZfve wbhy iL gyw msMvgK
Zivw^Z Kivi Rb GwMq Avm| Zviv wbqgZvwK Av`vjbi PvBZ
ZvrwYK cqvRb AwbqgZvwK ivRbwZK ZrciZvq wekvm Kib| GB
Mvxi D`vM cMwZkxj msMVb ev mk msMVb Mo DV| GB cMwZkxj
msMVbi ZrciZvI A DcRjvq ek Zrci wQj| axi` P` fvPvh
(evqvwjqv) I cfvZ PeZx (eiw`qv) wewk wecex wQjb| Dfq Av`vgvb
xcvwiZ nqwQjb| Aci wecex Ab ev mvayI weLvZ wQjb| wZwb
evqvwjqvq Avkgi gvag wecex KgKv cwiPvjbv KiZb| nvZg Avjx
gvvi (XvwKiMuvI) G `ji Afy wQjb| Gfve RvwZMZ ^v_ Av_mvgvwRK cwieZbi j RvZxqZvev`x aviYvi Dl nq| Ges wewUk kvmb
wbhvZb _K ^vaxbZvi j ARb G`ki RbMY GwMq hvq|
(m~: gybxi nvmb cvUvqvix, cavb wkK (Aemicv), Ges mskvab I
cwikxjb gvt gvKmy`yj nK evejy)

gZje DcRjvi jvKwk


jvKwk ejZ `ki Drcb wRwbm w`q `ki mvaviY gvbyli nvZ Zix
bvbvwea cqvRbxq Ges wkmZ I gbbkxj `evw`K eySvq| evsjv`ki
jvKwk wewfbic wfb wfb Aj cvavb cqQ| gZje DcRjv
54

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi,
gZje `wY

evsjv`ki GKwU Ask wnme Gi jvKwkI Lye GKUv wfbZi bn|


GLvbKvi mvaviY gvbyli nvZ Zix bvbv `iKvix Ges wkmZ mvgMxB njv
GLvbKvi jvKwk| G DcRjvi jvKwki m GLvbKvi gvbyli GK
wbweo mK we`gvb iqQ|
gZje DcRjvi mvaviY gvbyli m h wRwbmwU Nwbfve Rwoq AvQ Zv
njv GLvbKvi KzwUiwk| GLvbKvi Mn Mnvjxi wbZ cqvRbxq cvq me `eB
Mvgi KzwUi nq| KzwUi wki gvag Zix njI wkY wePvi Gme mvgMx
jvKwki ga MY| GLvbKvi KzwUi wki ga ZuvZwk GK AMYx f~wgKv
cvjb Ki AvmQ| Gme ZuvZwk G DcRjvi mvaviY gvbyli cvZwnK
cwiaq jyw, MvgQv Qvcvbv wKsev wewfb cvo wewk kvox, gkvixi Kvco,
Zvqvj I mv`v Kvcoi _vb Zix nq| mv`v Kvco Qvcvi KvRI nq _vK| G
DcRjvi ZvZzqv, ZuvZLvbv, jvgQwo I wewfb Mvg Dj-LhvM ZuvZwk wQjv|
ZvQvov myZvq is Kiv I mv`v Kvco Qvcvbv KviLvbvI gZje evRvi Ges
ZuvZzqv Mvg wQj|
cvov gvwUi KvRi HwZn G DcRjvq ew`bi| G DcRjvi wewfb vb
gvwU Luyoj fMvekl grwki wb`kb `LZ cvIqv hvq| hgb Avwkbcyi,
jvKwkecyi, cvUb I Abvb Mvg wKQz gvwU LuyojB fMvekl grwki i
cvIqv hvq| grwki ga Dj-LhvM nQ gvwUi Kjm, nuvwo-cvwZj, mvbwK,
dzj`vwb, `Bqi I wLii cv, gUKv, Ucv, cyZzj Ges wn`y m`vqi `~Mv,
jx, ^i^Zx I wewfb `e-`exi g~wZ| GLvbKvi Kzgviiv wmn Gme Zix
Ki `y cqmv ivRMvi KiZv| mviv eQiB Gme KvR e _vKZv| Kzgvi`i
nvZ Zix, QvB`vwb, KjwK, dzj`vwb mwLb mvgMx Ges bvbv aibi gvwUi Zix
Ljbv cyZzj wewfb gjvq I cveb Drme kvfv cvq| G DcRjvi cvUb,
bvqiMuvI, Kjvw`, `kcvov cfwZ Mvg Gme cvov gvwUi KzwUi Mo DVQ|
G DcRjvi Dg`x, Kjv`x cfwZ Mvg bvix cyil`i nvZ Zix nQnvMjv, gv`yi, gyj-v I kxZj cvUx| kxZj cvUx ay MxKvj eenvii
Avivg`vqKB bq, kxZj cvUx I gyj-vi bKkv GKwU gwjK ewki cwiPvqK|
55

G DcRjvi b`xLvjvq euvk, eZ I cvUi viv wewfb wRwbm Zix nQ| G


wk wbqvwRZ KgRxwe`i cwkY `qv nq| Avgv`i Mvgi Ni Ni h
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Ki DrK mRbkxjZvi cwiPq w`q _vK| mme wRwbm Mn mvq, wn`y`i
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evqvwjqv cfwZ Mvg Gmei wk `Lv hvq| G DcRjvi Kvb Kvb Mvg
gqiv Kvco I Zzjv w`q cZxKagx cyZzj Zix Ki _vK| Gjv Avgv`i
Rxebi cwZwbwaZ Ki _vK| GLvbKvi Mvg Mvg bKkx Kuv_v Zixi iIqvR
AvRI we`gvb AvQ| NbNvi ewilvq hLb Pvwiw`K cvwb _ _ Ki,
gqjvK`i evwni Kvb KvR Kg _vKbv ZLb Zviv `vIqvq nvMjv, gv`yi ev
cvwU wewQq Avcb gb Kuv_vq wewP bKkv Zvj mjvB Ki| G bKkx Kuv_vi
cwZwU duvoi ga jywKq _vK GLvbKvi GK GKUv cwievii Rxeb Muv_v|
G DcRjvq jnwki HwZn AbKw`bi| evqvwjqv, gZje evRvi, mvicvo
G DcRjvi jn wk AbK cyivbv, Abvb MvgI jn wk Mo DVQ|
Gme wki jn KgKviiv mviv eQi ai jn avZz w`q `v, Kv, Kv`vj,
Lv, jvji Bm&, jn kjvKv, MRvj, cvZv jvnv, ekv I gvQ weKivi jn
kjvKv cfwZ cqvRbxq `evw` Zix Ki _vK|
G GjvKvq euvk I eZ cPzi bv cvIqv MjI hv AvQ Zv w`qB MvgxY cwiek
GK aibi KzwUi wk Mo ZzjQ| Mvgi KgRxweiv euvk I eZ viv bvbv
cKvi wkmZ Kg Ki _vK| G aibi KgRxwe ejZ hv`iK MvgxY fvlvq
Qqvj ej _vK, Zviv euvk I eZ _K wewfb iKgi Drcb `evw` ei Ki
gvov, Pqvi bvbv Avmevec QvovI Mni eov, bKvi QB, gvQ aivi wewfb
duv` hgb eo, PvB, IPv, Wzjv, Pvjyb Ges Mii gyL euvaevi KvcvBi, Kjv, Wvjv,
56

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi,
gZje `wY

cyiv, bvbv i iwZ Ki Zix Ki mvwR, jvB ev Szwo cfwZ| GjvZ wbcyY
nvZi wkYi Qvc AvQ| Zv jvgQwo, bvivqYcyi, mvicvo cfwZ Mvg `Lv
hvq|
gZje DcRjvi AwaKvsk wb Rjvf~wg b`x-Lvj-bvj viv ewZ| GLvb GK
kYxi Rj AvQ hviv mviv eQi gvQ ai RxweKv wbevn Ki| G`iK K`
Ki Mo DVQ wewfb gvQ aivi Rvj wk| Zviv wewfb Kg bcyYZvi mv_
bvbviKg Rvj Zix Ki _vK| Rvj wew Ki ek `ycqmv DcvRb KiQ|
GRb gnvib, gvQzqvLvj, bvqiMuvI cfwZ Mvg Dj-LhvM|
AZxZi gZ KvVi KvRi Lye ekx wkb `Lv bv MjI wKQz wKQz bgybv LvU,
cvjs, `iRv I Mn wbgvY cZ Kiv hvq| G GjvKvi KvV wgxiv KvV viv
wbwgZ mwLb Avmeveci Dci wewfb I wewP aibi bKkv I bgybv Zix
Ki _vKb| ay ZvB bq Zviv wewfb bKv, Mn, QvU-eo j, jvj I wewfb
wbZ cqvRbxq wRwbm Zix Ki _vK| Gjv bvbv KviKvhi ewkZvi
cwiPvqK| Dj-LhvM Dg`x, ZvZzqv, enix cfwZ Mvg| G GjvKvi gmwR`,
gw`i I wKQz wKQz AvwjKvi Mvq KviKvh `Lv hvq Zv GjvKvi eviMuv mn
wewfb Mvgi ivRwgw`i nvZi Zwi | Gme jvKwki GK AZzjbxq
wb`kb| (m~: gybxi nvmb cvUvqvix, cavb wkK (Aemicv), Ges mskvab
I cwikxjb gvt gvKmy`yj nK evejy)

DfqB AvLovi mevKvhi cqvRb wbqwgZ mvabmxZ I bvgKxZb KiZb|


m`vb` eivMx wQjb fRb I fwMxwZi AbyivMx MvqK|
Zvui ccvlKZvq bvgKxZbi GKwU `j Mo DV| 1352 evsjv mb
MiwbZvB m`vq bvg `jwU AvZcKvk Ki| GwUB gZjei BwZnvm c_g
msNe mvswZK `j| hv AvR ch mMie wUK AvQ| AZGe eo
AvLovwUB mgM gZje DcRjvi (Di I `wY) mvgvwRK I mvswZK
BwZnvmi g~j| (m~- MvZK ni K `vm-92, gbvib kxj- 87) MiwbZvB
m`vqi cwiPvjK wQjb mvl fwgK (nvigvwbqvg), Lvjx- gvac cvj,
wbZMvcvj fwgK, ivav Mvwe` kxj, envjvq- Avb` evijx, GkivRkPxb`b mvnv, `vZvivq- gbvib mvnv, kxl evukx- cik miKvi, MvqKmyavwe`y mvnv, AiY wekvm,. nxivjvj mvnv, ni K `vm-92 I gbvib kxj87|
wkx`i mKjB wQjb mwLb evRbv`vi- MvqK, m`vjvcx, m`vnvmgq I mv`v
gbi gvbyl| ckvq cvb weZv, mycvwi weZv, cvU eemvqx, Kzgvi, avcv,
wK cZKB Ckif| ni K `vm-92 I gbvib kxj- AvRI Mi wbZvB
m`vqK bZZ w`q bvgKxZb Ki PjQb| ejv hZ cvi GuivB gZjei
mxZ mvswZK cwigji cw_Kr|

mwLb hvv `j (1360 ev)


gZje `wY DcRjvi mvswZK BwZnvm I msMVb
eZgvb gZje evRvii c~e bvg wQj eivMxi evRvi| cvq 150 eQi c~e A_vr
evsjv 1200 kZKi kl fvM eivMx e`veb evevRx bvg GK agcvY ew
eZgvb gZje `wY c~e evRvi AewZ eo AvLovwU vcb Kib| AvLovwU
wNi evRvi emZ i nq| jvKgyL evRviwUi bvg nq eivMxi evRvi| eo
AvLovi mevBZ wQjb m`vb` eivMx| m`vb` eivMx I e`veb evevRx

57

m`vq wfwK bvgKxZb Ave bv _K- gZjeevmxK AvZwebv`b I mgvR


mPZb Kivi Dk MiwbZvB m`vq Ges Abvb wkx I ccvlK`i
wbq 1360 evsjv mb GKwU hvv `j Mo IV| Gi Kvb bvg wQj bv|
cwZvZv- kq h`yb`b `vm, cwiPvjK wPby Nvl (kx wbevm Nvl)| wkx`i
gvwmK Pvu`vq `jwU cwiPvwjZ nZ| gwnjv wkx cvIqv hZ bv weavq cyiliv bvix
mR Awfbq KiZb| AwfbZv`i-hyeivR-myaxi Nvl, weeK- myavwe`y mvnv,
ivRv-ev`kv- nxivjvj mvnv, iRy WvKvZ- h`yb`b `vm, bZ ni K miKvi,
58

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi,
gZje `wY

mxZ wkx`i ga mxZ (weeK)- ni K `vm (92), bvix f~wgKvq- axi`


cvvi (87), Kv mvnv G `yRb wkx Avgv`i gvS eZgvb weavq Z_ c`vb
Ki gZjei mwVK mvswZK BwZnvm iv Kvh mnhvwMZv KiQb| gvwUi gv,
mgvRi ejx BZvw` cvjv Zvuiv mgq myhvM Ki- nvRvK evwZi gvag
`kK`i mvgb Dcvcb KiZb|

59

60

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi,
gZje `wY

c`vejx KxZbi `j (1365 ev)


1365 mb wkx ni K `vm (92) Mojb- c`vejx KxZbi `j| `
hwkx`i mnhvwMZvq wZwb cwiekb KiZb- gv_yi Ges g_yiv msev`, bKv
wejvm, myej wgjb, Mv bxjv- BZvw` c`vejx cvjv| wZwb avcv gvvii KvR
KiZb| wK Zvui hv`yKix K AgZ imi aviv eq hZ|
bxjv KxZbi `j (1370 ev)

mgq G DcRjvq mxZ cwkY c`vb mn Abvb mvswZK KgKv cwiPvjbv


KiZv| hvi mfvcwZ wQjb Kvgij Bmjvg I mUvwi wQjb `Iqvb
iRvDj Kwig|

DcRjv wkKjv GKvWwg KwgwU : (2012 _K eZgvb)

1370 mb Mi wbZvB m`vqi AviK myKx MvqK myavwe`y mvnv Mojbbxjv KxZbi `j| wZwb gq`i c_g mxZ ejq AvbZ mg njb|
gq`i wbq `jwU Mojb| hx Qvov mKj PwiB Awfbq KiZv gqiv|
Zv`i cwiewkZ bxjvi ga- b`i `yjvj cvjvwU GLbv gvbyl fyjwb|
gZjei mxZ RMZi G avivwU cieZx mgq eRvq _vKwb| gvS h k~YZvi
mw nqQ Zvi GKwU eo KviY gywhy| G mgq mewKQzB IjU cvjU nq
MQ| Aek gZjei mgM wkvb gy eywi PPvi AbxnvK Kg `vqx Kiv
hvq bv| 1968 mvj _K gZje m~hgyLx KwP-KvuPvi gjv- wbvi mv_ mvswZK
`vwqZ cvjb Ki AvmQ| gZjeevmxi wk`i gb mvswZK weKvk
cwiPvjK gvKmy`yj nK evejy Gi Ae`vb gZjeevmx iY ivLe| KwP-KvuPvi
Abyvb mxZ cwiekb Ges cwkYi Rb meY mnhvwMZv w`qQb
AavcK bvivqb PeZx, myej PeZx I cieZx mgq `Iqvb iRvDj Kwig,
gvqyb Kwei ieb Gme wkx`i| `Iqvb iRvDj Kwig ^vaxbZvi ci c_g
mxZ wkKZvi KvR i Ki gZjei mxZRMrK ccvlKZv Ki hvQb
A`vewa| cieZx mgq gvqyb Kwei ieb I ivLvj gRyg`vi eZgvb ch
mxZ wkKZv KiQb| GQvovI gZjei mvswZK Ab hv`i KviY
DxexZ wQjv Zviv njb- A K g nvib Payix, cvij eMg, mvnjv cvifxb,
Qwe eMg, BmgZ Aviv iby, wkDjx, GnZkvg nvq`vi Payix, Rwmg Dxb,
AvBwmwWwWAviwei Wvt wg, bmyij-vn `Iqvb, Kvgibbvnvi, GWfvKU
Kvgij, Kvgvj Avng`, wmwKzi ingvb, AavcK bvivqb PeZx I Mvjvg
Avkvd eveyj| AgZvb mvswZK GKvWwg bvg GKwU msMVb 71 cieZx
61

1| Rbve mwdKzj Bmjvg, DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi, gZje `wY---mfvcwZ


(c`vwaKvi ej)
2| Rbve gvKmy`yj nK evejy -----mvwnwZK
3| Rbve `Iqvb gv: iRvDj Kwig----wkvbyivMx
4| Rbve Av. mvgv`, Aa, gZje wWMx KjR --- m`m
5| Rbve dviK-web-Rvgvb --- wkvbyivMx
6| Rbve `yjvj cvvi -----wkvbyivMx
7| Rbve gv: evinvb Dwb Lvb, cavb wkK, gZjeM R we cvBjU DP
we`vjq--- m`m
8| Rbve kvgj P` `vm, --- mvsevw`K
9| Rbve gv : bvwRg Dwb, DcRjv gvawgK wkv Awdmvi----m`m mwPe
kvfv mxZvqb (2001)
25 ekvL 1408 (8 g, 2001) iex` Rqx cvjbi ga w`q m~cvZ njvkvfv mxZvqb bvg mxZ cwkY K`wU| cwkK Rbve `yjvj cvvi|
62

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi,
gZje `wY

mxZ K`wUi Dk evvjxi nvRvi eQii mg mswZ aviv I Miegq


HwZni jvjb|

Abyvbgvjvi ga w`q Kvhg i nq| DcRjvevmx RvbZ i Ki Kwe


bRiji ARvbv wewfb w`K|

2001 _K AvR ch gZje `wY DcRjvq AewZ gZje kwcs mUvi


cvwZvwbK mxZ cwkY K`wU mgM gZje DcRjvi mxZ wkv_x`i
cwkY Kvh wbqvwRZ iqQ| FZz eiY, RvZxq Drme, Yx mvbbv I iex`,
bRij Rb I gZz evwlKxZ wbRiv Abyvb gvjv AvqvRb Ki PjQ
cwZvbwU|

jvjb PPv I MelYv K` (2008)

RvZxq iex` mxZ mwjb cwil`-2001


RvZxq iex` mxZ mwjb cwil`i K`xq mfvcwZ mxZ Iqvwn`yj nK 26
R 1408 (9Ryb 2001) kvfv mxZvqb cwi`kb Gj wZwb NvlYv `bRvZxq iex` mxZ mwjb cwil`- gZje kvLvi| mfvcwZ wbevwPZ nb cfvlK
`yjvj cvvi| H w`bB wZwb 16Rb cwkYv_x wbq iex` mxZ cwkY
Kvhgi f m~Pbv Kib| gZje `wY DcRjvq AvMgb NUQ mvb&Rx`v
LvZzb mn QvqvbU Z_v `k eiY iex` mxZ wkx I iex` AbyivMx`i| eQi
ecx mvakZ iex` Rqx Drmei mgvcbx Abyvb gZjei `x evsjv cvY
zj, KjR, DcRjv, Rjv I RvZxq chvqi GK nvRvi wkx wbq cwiewkZ
nq nvRvi K iex`bv_i Mvb (2012)| mxZ cwiPvjbv Kib `k eiY
iex` mxZ wkx wgZv nK|
bRij GKvWgx- 2007
bRij mvwnZ I mxZi MelYvi Dk 2007 mb mvsevw`K kvgj P`
`vm Gi mfvcwZZ AvnevqK gRevn Dwb gRy, m`m mwPe AvwkK KweiK
wbq gZje `wY DcRjvq Mo IV bRij GKvWgx| cwZvZv m`m nQb,
gmevnDwb gRy, kvgj P` `vm, mgxi b` mvnv, nvmb Avng`, gvndzR
gwj-K| cavb Dc`v BDGbI, Dc`v wnme iqQb gvKmy`yj nK evejy,
`Iqvb iRvDj Kwig, gynv` Ave`yj KvBDg Lvb, Wv: gvneyeeyi ingvb,
gvqyb Kwei ieb Ges Gm. Gg. mwjg| Kwe bRij wfwK evcK
63

2008 mb _K cwZwZ jvjb PPv I MelYv K`i mfvcwZ `Iqvb iRvDj


Kwig I mvaviY mv`K gvt BKevj nvmb cvUvqvix cwZ eQiB cl Ges
bevb DrmeK K` Ki cvq ivZfi jvjb mxZi Avmi emvb| GZ `ki
cLvZ jvjb MelK I wkx`i gZje `wY DcRjvq AvMgb NU|
mbK Avew msMVb (1999)
KweZv Avewi msMVb mbK| 1999 mb cwZwZ| cwZvZv mfvcwZ ieKv
myjZvbv, mvaviY mv`K mvBq`yj Aviwdb kvgj| i _K eZgvb ch
GB msMVb KweZv cvV wbq KvR Ki AvmQ|
KweZvb Avew cwil` 2007
cwZvZv mfvcwZ cfvlK AvBbyb bvnvi Kv`&ix| 2007 _K eZgvb ch
KweZv cvV wbq DcRjv, Rjv Ges RvZxq chvq bvbv aibi KvR Ki PjQ
msMVbwU| G msMVbwU cwgZ DPviY, evwPK DrKl mvab, Dcvcbvi welq wbq
KvR Ki hvQ wbijmfve| cwZ mvn GKw`b G wbq cwkYi Avmi em|
RvZxq w`em Qov I mgq myhvM cjB KweZv Ges cyuw_i Szwo wbq `kK`i
mvgb nvwRi nZ KvcY Ki bv| msMVbwU Pvu`cyi KweZv cvV KiZ wMq
`yNUbvq Kgx ez nvweeyi ingvb KvKbK ch nvwiqQ | Zey KweZvi ciYvq
Abyvbi AvqvRb Ki GwMq PjQ|
D`xwP wkx Mvx (2008)
D`xwP wkx Mvx gZje `wY kvLvq AvZcKvk NU 2008 mb| mfvcwZ
jx ivYx `vm Zviv, mvaviY mv`K wbgvB P` Nvl| mvgvwRK I ivRbwZK
wewfb hwK `vex wbq mxZi cvkvcvwk Av`vjbiZ Aevq cvqB `Lv hvq
msMVbwUK|
64

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi,
gZje `wY

jwjZv mxZvjq (2000)


wkx ivLvj gRyg`vi cwiPvwjZ- jwjZv mxZvjq| 2000 mb _K wZwb mxZ
wkKZvi cvkvcvwk `je mxZ wkv i Kib| mxZ iPbv I myi w`q
myhvM cjB `kK`i mvgb Dcvcbi cqvm Pvwjq AvmQb AvR ch|
wPiKzgvi wkx ivLvj gRyg`vi gZje `wY DcRjvi GKgv mxZi Rb
Rxeb DrmMKvix Ges mxZi Avqi Dci wbfikxj| wZwb wbRB Mvb wjLb,
myi Ges K `b| GKvavi MxwZKvi, myiKvi Ges wkx wnme wZwb AbK
Mvb I MxwZbvU Zix Ki gZjei gvbylK wewfb RvZxq w`em Dcnvi
w`Qb|
bvU`j- g K
2004 mvj cwZwZ| mfvcwZ kvn wMqvm, cwiPvjK- KvDmvi Avnv`|
gZje `wY DcRjvq GKgv bvU `j RvZxq w`em I ekvLx Drme myhvM
Ki bvUK cwiekb Ki _vK| Zv`i mdj cwiewkZ bvUK cjvk Wvvi
gqbv, i Mov ^vaxbZv 2013 mb ^vaxbZv w`em gZjeevmx mvb` DcfvM
KiQ|
gvqyb Kwei ieb miKvwi KgKZv (DcRjv mgvRmev Awdm) njI mxZPPv
Kib wbqwgZ| cvq 30 eQi ai Zvui KvQ wkv wbq gZjei AbK
Qjgq RvZxq chvq wewfb cyivi cqQb Ges eZvi Uwjwfkb wbqwgZ
Mvb KiQb| AvwZK evey, w`bvZ Rvnvb gybx, mwRe Kzgvi ewYK, kvx Avvi,
mvBdzbvnvi BwZ, jx ivYx mvnv, MxZv ivYx mvnv, kvIb, AvwkK Kwei, BkivZ
Rvnvb mxZv, jvcvmn Aviv AbKB RvZxq I wefvMxq chvq cyivi
cqQb hviv gvqyb Kwei iebi KvQ _K nvZ Lwo wbqQb| AvwZK evey
c_g nvZ Lwo wbqQb `Iqvb iRvDj Kwig _K|
w`bvZ Rvnvb gywb 1985 mvj bvkbvj GKvWwg di cvBgvix GWzKkb
`kvZevaK 2q vb ic c`K, gmygx wk cyivi cwZhvwMZvq
`kvZevaK RvixMvb 2q vb ic c`K, 1989 mvj BmjvwgK dvDkb
65

cwZhvwMZvq nvg` I bvZ 1g vb RvZxq mYc`K, 1993 mvj RvZxq wk


cyivi cwZhvwMZvq jvKMxwZZ 2q ic, 1987 mvj RvZxq wk cyivi
cwZhvwMZvq 1g vb ^Yc
`K, RvZxq iW wmU mvmvBwU 89 Kv,
BZvw`mn Aviv eevi wefvMxq I Rjv chvq 1g, 2q, 3q vb jvf Ki
gZjeK Mievw^Z KiQb| 1996 mvj _K eZvi I Uwjwfkb wbqwgZ
wkx wnme ZvwjKvfy nqQb| w`bvZ Rvnvb gywbi mxZ nvZ Lwo mn c_g
w`Ki wkY f~wgKv wQjv gZje m~hgyLx KwP-KvuPvi gjv I vbxq mxZ
cwkK gvqyb Kwei iebi |
2008 mvji 4 Rvbyhvix Abb ac` mvswZK K`wUi AvbyvwbK hvv i
nq| bvRgyj Avnmvb LvKb I Gm Aviwdb kvgji h_ cwiPvjbvq K`wUi
Kvhg Pj| eZgvb KwP-KvuPv cvY mxZ, bZ, Zejv, Qwe AuvKv I MxUvi
welq wbqwgZ cwkY PjQ| mvweK `vwqZ cvjb KiQb XvKvZ wewfb mxZ
welqK cwZvb cwkYcv bvRgyj nvmvb LvKb|
GQvovI ek KqKRb wkx AvQb hviv eZvi I Uwjwfkb wbqwgZ Dcvcb
Ges mxZ cwiekb Ki hvQb| Zv`i ga w`bvZ Rvnvb gybx, DcvcK I
mxZ wkx, gwReyi ingvb- bRij mxZ wkx, AvwkK Kwei, Avidv
Bqvmgxb BZvbv- mxZ I bZ wk wkx| RvZxq wk cyivi 1992 nvg` I
bv_ 1g vb jvf Ki ^Yc`K ARb Kib mRxe Kzgvi ewYK|
(m~: `yjvj cvvi, gvKmy`yj nK evejy, `Iqvb iRvDj Kwig I gvqyb Kwei
ieb)|

ag I mswZ
Avkcvki mvgvwRKZvi mv_ gZje `wY GjvKvi mvgvwRKZvi Mfxi wgj
iqQ| cjvkxi hyi ci _K ^vaxbZv ARb ch ivxq eevq h auvP j
Kiv MQ Zvi ewZg NUwb GLvbI| wewUk kvwmZ evsjvq wn`y`i h cfve
wQj gZje `wY GjvKvi MvgjvZ Zv cwijwZ nqQ| AbK wn`y
66

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi,
gZje `wY

I gymjgvb`i GKm Pjvdivi KviY GK Acii mswZ ARvbZB MnY


KiQ| Rwg Kbv ePvi AZxZ `wjjjv NvUj `Lv hvq gymjgvb`i bvgi
c~e kx kx, kxhy Ges gwnjv`i bvgi c~e kxhyv jLv iqQ| hgb Rwgi
`wjj `Lv hvq kxhyv AvidZi bQv wewe, cwZ kx ewmi Dwb wkK`vi, RvwZ
gymjgvb| hvi KvQ _K Lwi` Kiv nqQ Zuvi bvg kx Avkve Avjx wkK`vi,
wcZv kx Avjx wkK`vi, RvwZ gymjgvb, mvs QvU njw`qv, _vbv- gZje, Rjvwcyiv| cPzi wn`y jvKi emevm wQj GLvb| wewfb c~uRv cveb wn`yiv XvK
Xvj evRvZv Ges Djyabx w`Z| cZxqgvb nZv Zviv Avb` wQj| Gmgq
wn`y`i cvlvK a~wZi cvkvcvwk gymjgvbivI a~wZ Kvco cwiavb KiZ| h mKj
`wi` gymjgvbi a~wZ Kbvi mvg_ wQjbv Zviv a~wZ eenvii Kvq`vq MvgQv
cwiavb KiZ| weqZ MBU mvRvZv `yavi KjvMvQ Ges Dci `e`vi MvQi
cvZv w`q| Ggb wQj h, wn`y bvix`i KvsKi KjwmZ gymjgvb`i k
jvMj mv_ mv_ gwnjviv jvq, NYvq, Acgvb Kjwm f djZ| wn`y`i
Ni gymjgvb`i c`wP coj m vb Mvei w`q jc w`Z| mvaviY gvbyl
cvq ciZv KvVi mvj Ges Aevmb I gvZvei kYxi jvKiv ciZv
ejvi Log| cvq Mvg 2/4 Rb wQjb hviv wcZji KKv eenvi KiZb|
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cyil wPbb m`

e b cowk evwoi NvU|

- cucu|

-gN|

Zvi Afve nj jvK


Abvnvi gi|

evc-cyZ WvBKv fvB/ Kvb iKg


w`b KvUvB

hvi jvwM bvB/ gRevwb evBZI bvB

gj Elv, eya cv/ h_v BQv Z_v


hv

MvQi ivbv m~h mviv, m~h Kiv Pvl

-gy`v|
86| nvivBj LyuwR Zvi

87| wZb KvYv ga Mv_v

cvBj bBbv Ni|

dvj`v dvj`v gvi hvZv|

-c_/ ivv|

- cjyb|

88| Zzwg Avwg GKRb


`wLZ GKB ic
Avwg hLb K_v ewj Zzwg ZLb
Pzc|
-Qwe / dUv

81

Avj Z MvQMvQvwj/dmj evivgvm

hw` eo Avb/ivRv jvg gvb

lvj Pvl gyjv. Zvi AaK Zzjv

hw` eo cl Mvjv fi Zzl

Zvi AaK cvb, webvPvl cvb

hw` eo gvNi kl/ab ivRvi cyY


`k
82

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi,
gZje `wY

ivM gwbei ivBqZ fvjv / ivM


kvwoi eD fvjv

my`ix bv cvq ei/ NiwY bv cvq Ni

gq weq `I fvZ/ Qj weq


KivI RvZ

AvDk KBiv dvovBQ Kvb/ wRwbm


coZ hvq civb

kvox Avb eDGi gyL/ wRsjvq


Avb cvnvi gyL

hvi weqv Zvi Lei bvB/ cvov cowki


Nyg bvB

kvox my`i wc`b/ bvix my`i


ivb

gvi Pq gvwmi `i` ekx?!

nm gvwWZ wejvB Lvgmvq/ UvBW


gvwWi kvejI Wivq

AwZ jvf ZuvwZ b

jvf cvc cvc gZy

we`k we-ivR hvi cyZ gviv hvq,

hPK ZPK wgj UwKP evBMb


wgj

c cx bv RvwbZ AvM Rvb


gvq|

hw` _vK ei gb, MvO nvPiZ


KZY

Gi _BKv AwaK wZZv `yB mwZbi


Ni|

Kvj nwi, Kvj eD/ KvQv w`qv LvBI


g

wb` dzj wc`, Avm Ni em

nvwZ Nvov Mj Zj/ fov ej KZ


Rj

AvwgI nBi ABjvg / `kI KvZ


bvgj

Pzb LvBqv gyL ZvZQ/ `B `Lj Wi


jvM

AvwZ hw` nv` co / PvgwPKvq


jvw_ gvi

GKZv bvPzBbv eywo/ Aviv w`m


Xvj evwo

nevB gv ivbv/ ZZv Avi cvbmv

Pvi cvjvj eyw evo

Lvwj Kjmx evR ewk

wcVv ej, wPov ej, fvZi mgvb bq,


PvPx ej, RVx ej, gvqi mgvb bq|
83

wbg wZZv, wbwm`v wZZv Avi wZZv


Rni

msmvi K_v Lvwb gayi imi Lwb

wUe Uve bvI evq Zvi Kq bvBqv

wbP w`qv PvQ KvW Dco `q


cvwb|

Vvi Vvi K_v Kq Zvi Kq gvBqv|

`yB mwZbi Ni Lv`vq iv Ki|

fvjvi mv_ _vKj Lvq Myqv cvb|


g`i mv_ _vKj KvWv hvq `yBWv
Kvb|

gi` cvBjvg evB`v, heb Mj


KvB`v|

AvM wQjvg QvQv wejvB ag w`wQ


gb,
Zzjwmi gvjv Mjvq w`qv PjwQ we`veb

Pvi h Pzwi Ki GBWv Ki fvjv,

Nb Rvjv cvZjv wQ
84

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi,
gZje `wY

Mixe PvBj gyLLvb Ki Kvjv|

jx ej Avwg AvwQ

wbwkZ KvKi WvK, w`b wkqvji


nvK

KuvPvq bv bvqvj euvk


cvKj Ki Vvm Vvm

evwoi `wY wMwbi (kKzb) evmv

bwQe hw` g` nq

Qvovi fvB fei Avkv

bBPv fvBv cv` eq|

Avg LvBq imgm

Afve ^fve b|

KvWj LvBq Kvl|

hZ o ZZ wgWv|

Pzwi Kiwb iBj evjv|


`yqvi `ibxi evB`v nvjv|

agi Xvj AvgbB evR|

MvQ bvB eb fiY MvQB mvi|

bvgvRx Kvivbx|

gvj-v evwoi wejvBI cuvP Kjgv


Rvb|

wQvi Zj AvZ evovbx|


cii Zvb niY
MwZ bvB Zvi giY|

me gvQ Lvq MvDiv gvQi bvg


ci|

AvBv Kjvi evKj LvBA


gbi wejvm
bmxe g` ABj

wbRi bvB jviv gv_v|

`yev LZI evN ai|

wKev Kgy cii K_v|

envqvi gvi wcQv|

cvuWvi `q ewj|

envqv Kq nvQv wgQv|

cvwWq Avum|
cvuWvq Kq
Zvi wjMvI eiwK C` AvQ|

hB `k hB evI

Kg RvZ evjv Z Kg Avj evjv bv|

cvZjv gyi`v bvI evI|


85

evwoi Mi Kvjvi Nvm Lvq bv|

wXjwU gvij cvUKjwU LZ nq|

AvMi jvj h w`K hvq

evBbvi KvQ `Bbv eP|

cQbi jvjI mw`K hvq|

gNI iv`I cwZqvji weqI|

ZuvZxi cyZ evwZ (Bu`yi) gvBiv,

RvwMqv bv Ki ivI

gvwUZ bv ivL cvI|

nMj KZvi eyS evI|

ivRvi cyZ nvZx gvBiv


jvR bv Ki ivI|
(m~ : gZje gWj cvBgvix zji wkwKv I cg kYxi Qvx`i KvQ _K
cwZhvwMZvi gvag msMn I Kvgivgvb wmK`vii gZje Di DcRjvi
BwZnvm kxlK eB)
`ywU HwZnvwmK RbkwZ
86

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi,
gZje `wY

ZrKvjxb mgq mvgvwRK wePvi eevi Dci `yBwU RbkwZ GLvb Zzj aiv
njv|

GK
Qwjgywb I Kwjgywb bvg GK ei `yB cy mvb wQj| `yfvqi ga wQj
ek gvnveZ| kv mni Kvb NvUwZ wQj bv| GKw`b e gviv Mjb|
`yfvB kvwZ emevm KiQb| GKmgq eo fvB QvU fvBK ejjb, fvB kvb,
Avgvi msmvi jvKRb ekx| Zvi jvKRb bB| hw` Avgiv c_K nq hvB
Zvi Lye jvf ne| QvU fvB Reve `q, fvB Avcwb hv fvj gb Kib| eo
fvB eySZ cvijb QvU fvB c_K nZ ivRx| eo fvB Ni hv wQj cwK
mewKQz GK GK mgvb fvM Ki w`q w`jb| QvU fvB Lye Lywk nj|
c_Kfve PjZ _vKjb `yRb| Kviv mv_ Kviv ewiZv bB| kvwc~Yfve
c_K nIqvi NUbv Pj Mj Mvgi `ievix`i (gvZei`i) Kvb| Mvmv
Kijb Zviv| gvZei gkvqiv ejjb, Avgv`i mv_ hvM-wRvmv bv Ki,
Avjvc-AvjvPbv bv Ki `vb `wYv bv w`q, bv LvIqvq c_K nq hve GUv Kx
Ki nq? Zvnj Avgv`i g~j _vKjv Kv_vq? Gfve kvwc~Yfve mevB c_K
nq Mj Avgv`iZv Kvb `vg _vKe bv| GgbUv nZ `Iqv hvq bv| GK
`ievix Qwjgywbi evwoi cvk w`q hvq Avi QwjgywbK WvK-Qwjgywb
Qwjgywb evwo AvQv? Qwjgywb Reve `q KvKv AvgvK Kb LuvRQb? gvZei
mvne ejjb evRvb fvjB AvQ? kvbjvg Zvgiv bvwK webv (c_K) nq MQ|
kvb Lye Lywk njvg| fvjB KiQv evev KvDK WvKv bvB| wbRiv wbRiv
webv nq MQ GUv fvj KiQ| KvDK WvKj KD ejZv GBUv, AviKRb
ejZv mBUv| evev GLbZv Avmv nqbv| Zvgvi evev _vKZ AvmZvg hvBZvg,
LvBZvg-LvIqvBZvg| hvK evev kvb, Zvgvi evevi KvQ kvbwQ Zvgv`i
bvwK GKUv `Dov (Kwc ivLvi v) AvQ? GB `DovUvB bvwK Zvgv`i
msmvii DbwZi KviY? Zv `DovUv K wbQ? Qwjgywb ejQ KvKv GUv Avgvi
KvQB iq MQ| wVK AvQ GUv iL w`I| c_ `Lv njv QvU fvB
Kwjgywbi KvQ| gvZei mvne wRm Kib KwjgywbK, Kgb AvQv
87

fvwZRv? kvbjvg Zvgiv bvwK webv nq MQ| fvjB KiQ kvwjm WvKwb|
bBj GK GKRb GKKUv civgk w`Z| dvmv` mw nZv| Zv evev Zvgvi
evevi KvQ bwQ Zvgvi GKUv `Dov wQj| GBUvB bvwK Zvgv`i jx
(`DovUv wQj NyY aiv AKvRv)| GUv wbqQ K? Kwjgywb ej KvKv
IBUvZv AvgvK `q bvB| gvZei mvne ejjb `~i, `~i kyqvi IBUv Zvgvi
`iKvi AvQbv? hvK Zzwg eofvqi KvQ IBUv PvI| hw` bv `q Zzwg jvKRb
WvKv| Avgiv ejev `DovUv QvU fvB cvq| ciw`b QvU fvB Kwjgywb
eofvqi wei Mvgi gvZei`i KvQ bvwjk Ki Ges `ievii AvqvRb
Ki| Aci GK `ievwi QwjgywbK ej Zvgiv bv kvwc~Y fve webv nq
Mjv| Zvgvi QvU fvB Avevi Zvgv`i wei `ievi WvKjv Kb? Qwjgywb
Reve `q KvKv Avwg bvwK `DovUv Avgvi fvBK `Bwb GB Rb| Zv
`DovUv Zv QvU fvB wnmve Kwjgywb cvq| hvK `ievi Avgiv ejev
`DovUvZv QvU fvB cvq `I bv `I mUv Zvgvi evcvi| ciw`b `ievi|
Qwjgywb, Kwjgywb `yRbi evwoZB wekvj Lvevii AvqvRb| `ievi QjQ|
`ievixiv wewfb K_v, D`vniY, Dcgv w`q Pj Avm Avmj K_vq| QvU fvBK
wRm Ki ejv Kwjgywb Zzwg Kb `ievi WKQv? Kwjgywbi Di Avgvi
eofvB AvgvK `Dovi fvM `qwb GRb| GK duvK Aci GK gvZei
Qwjgywbi Kvb Kvb ej kvb kl ch hw` `DovUv w`ZB nq Ze
Kwjgywbi nvZ Zzjv w`e bv| jx Kviv nvZ Zzj w`Z bB| AvQvo gi
dj w`e| Qwjgywb `ievii ivq gb wbq `DovUv QvU fvBK `Iqvi
mgq NYvq, ivM, vf, AvQvo w`q dj `q| dj `DovUv f `yUzKiv
nq hvq| `ievwiiv ej DV fvjB nqQ `Dov `yfvM nq `yfvqi Nii w`K
Pj MQ| jx `yNiB Pj MQ|

88

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi,
gZje `wY

`yB
GK wQj KvVzwiqv| m cwZw`b eb _K KvV KU wbq evRvi wew KiZv|
GfveB PjZv Zvi msmvi| eb Avi KvV bB| KvVzwiqv Kv_vq KvV KvUe
Avi wKfveB ev msmvi Pvjve| GKw`b KvVzwiqv wMwbK ejj, ebi MvQ
kl| AvMvgxKvj Nii KvY eUMvQUv bv KvUj msmvi Pje bv| MvQ evm
KiZv Uzwb, cuPv Avi eK| cvwL 3 wU BZvga wWg ciQ| GLb evPv`i
Acv gv| Ggwb mgq cvwL 3wU Gm KvVzwiqvK ejj, Avcwb wK KviY
MvQUv KvUeb? KvUZB ne bvwK UvKvi `iKvi? KvVzwiqv ejj, UvKvi `iKvi|
cvwLiv ejj Avgiv Avcbvi UvKvi eev KiZ cvwi hw` Avcwb MvQwU bv
KvUb| KvVzwiqv ejj wKfve? cvwLiv ejj, Avgiv mUvi eev Kiev Avcwb
Avgv`i K_v bj| KvVzwiqv ivwR njv| cvwLiv ejj Zvnj byb| Avcwb h
`vKvb _K ivR m`vB Lvb AvMvgxKvjK GB `vKvwbK ejeb, Avwg
Avcbvi KvQ cuvPkZ UvKv cvB| KvVzwiqv ejj GUvwK me? cvwLiv ejj,
Avcwb ay ejeb me Avgiv wVK Kiev| cvwL`i K_vgZ KvVzwiqv ejj
`vKvb`vi mve AvwgZv Avcbvi KvQ cuvPkZ UvKv cvB, UvKv `bbv Kb?
`vKvwb ej AvQv `e| cvwLiv m K_v kvb| wZxq w`b KvVzwiqv Avevi
`vKvwbi KvQ UvKv Pvq, `vKvwb ej AvQv `e| ZZxq w`b KvVzwiqv
`vKvwbK ej Avgvi UvKv `I| GLb `vKvwbi UbK bo| PZz_ w`b KvVzwiqv
`vKvwbi KvQ UvKv PvBj `vKvwb ej wKmi UvKv? Avi Kvb w`b GK_v
eje bv| cvwLiv KvVzwiqvK civgk `q Avcwb `ievi WvKzb Avgiv ^vx `e|
KvVzwiqv `ievwi`i WvK `q| `ievi em| `ievwiiv KvVzwiqvK ej, Zywg
`ievi WKQv Kb? KvVzwiqv Reve `q Avwg `vKvwbi KvQ cuvPkZ UvKv
cve| c_g KqKw`b ejQ UvKv w`e GLb ejZQ wKmi UvKv| UvKvi
evcvi Avcbv`i WKwQ| Avcbviv Avgvi UvKv cvevi eev Ki w`b|
`ievwiiv ejb, Zzwg UvKv cve Gi ^vx K? KvVywiqv ej, Avgvi ^vx AvQ
Uzwb, cuPv Avi eK| `ievwiiv ejb, G`iK AvmZ ej| `ievwiiv ^vx
wnmve UywbK wRm Ki Zzwg UvKvi evcvi wK Rvb? Uzwb ej Avgvi bvg Uzwb,
KvVzwiqv hLb `vKvwbi KvQ UvKv Pvq Ges K_vevZv ej ZLb Avwg Zv wb|
wRm Ki cuPvK Zzwg wK Rvb? cuPv ej, Avgvi bvg cuPv, KvVzwiqv h
89

`vKvwbi KvQ UvKv cvq GK_v nvQv (mZ)| eKi wRm Ki Zywg wK Rvb?
eK ej Avgvi bvg eK, Avmj `vKvwbB VK| `ievwiiv KvVzwiqvi c ivq
`q|

jvKR I e`bv mvwnZ


GLvbKvi jvKmvwnZ vbxq RbMvxi AwjwLZ RxebvcLvb| hyM hyM ai Gi
wewfb& AvwKi cwicyw mvwaZ nq AvmQ| wPivqZ c_vq jvKmvwnZi
icvqY GLvbI Rb Rxebi f~wgKv Mxievj| Kvjcevn GLvbI GK
GK Mwoq Pj evsjv mbi eviv gvm| kZ kZ eQi ai jvwjZ fvlvvb I
K_KZv Pj AvmQ wbweofve| KLbv KLbv G GjvKvi gvbyli gvS Afve
AbUb _vKjI Avgv` Avnjv`i KgwZ wQj bv| f~-LwU QvU njI Gi gvS
w`q cevwnZ nqQ wekvj gNbv| gNbvK K` Ki Mo DVv mKj mvwnZ
mswZ gZjeiB m`| GjvKvi gvbyl KLbv DRvb (wmjU) KLbv fvwU
(ewikvj) Z avb KvUZv weivU weivU bKv wbq| bKvq Bwb wQj bv| Y
Ub wbq hZ| gbi Avb` b UvbZ Avi Mvb MvBZv| G QvovI gNbv I
Zvi kvLv ckvLv w`q bKv wbq Pjvi mgq gvwS gbi myL Mvb MvBZ R,
Avlvp gvm1| fvwUi `k hvI hw` Zzwg wnRj Zjxi nvU
m_vq Avgvi fvBRvb _vK
KBI Lei Zvnvi KvQ gBjvg `yL gwi
GQvovI MvBZ2| Avgvi KvsLi Kjwm wMqvQ fvmx
90

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi,
gZje `wY

gvwSi Zvi bKvi XD jvwMqvi-

c_g Avj-vRxi bvg Kwijvg e`b|

A gwgb A

3| gb gvwS Zvi eVv bi

wZxq imyji bvg Avgbvi b`b \

c~eZ e`bv Kijvg

Avwg Avi evBZ cvijvg bv|

Zvici ew` hZ cxi cqM^i|

c~ei fvbyki|

4| KBI `ytL ei jvMvj cvBj M wbij

cxii bvg nBjvg cq`v fe `ywbqvi


ci \

GK w`K h IV fvby

5| Avwg eBmv iBjvg b`xi Kzj

Di KwiM ew` wngvBj kni|

Avgvq Kev cvi Ki|

wngi cvnvo h_v kxZi Kni \

DcRjvi f~-Lj hLb b`x wQj wKse`w AvQ GiB Dci w`q jx`ii
bKv ejv my`ixi Rb Avmv hvIqv KiZv| kvbv hvq GiB Dci w`q
ejvi Zix hLb hvwQj ejvi ic-im `L ZvjgvZvj nq gbvMv`v I
abvMv`v `yfvB weqi cv e `q| ejv GB ej Avk Ki h, `yRbi
gj-hy Ki h wRZe Avwg Zvi mv_B weq emev ej Pj hvq| Gw`K hy
abvMv`v gbvMv`vK gi dj| m _KB GB f~-Li c~e cvki cevngvb
b`x abvMv`v b`x wnmve cwiwPZ| dj G GjvKvq weifve wekl Ki
elvKvj ejv jx`i I ejv my`ixi cyuw_ wQj gyL gyL| wewfb vb Avmi
ewmq AvbyvwbK fveI MvIqv nZv Zv| ejv jx`ii Kvwnbx i nj 7
ivZ jvMZv kl KiZ| GLbKvi wKQz Ljvayjv nvWzWz, `vwoqvev`v, Mvj-vQzU
Ges Mvb evRbv, bvUK, w_qUvi I hvv Gjv PjZv elvKvj Ges kxZ|
bvUK ev hvv w_qUvi ii c~e A_vr DbvPbx ce MvIqv nZv e`bv| e`bv
nQ wbqvgZ cwZZ jvKmsMxZvbyvb| wKsev hvv Abyvb DbvPbx ce
ZwZevPK msMxZ| e`bvK Avmi e`bv ev Pw`K e`bvI ejv nq| e`bvq
vb cvq mwKZvi gwngvKxZb, cqM^i I `e `exi e-ZwZ| cxi AvIwjqv
I mvay mbvmxi YMvb| Iv`, i I wcZv gvZvi cksmv I KZZv| wewfb
agxq Zx_ vbi Zvrch| GB GjvKvi AZxZ h bvUK ev hvv Abyvb nZv
Zvi cvvj Pvi Rb wgj `kK`i mvgb gv_v bZ Ki GB aibi e`bvmg~n
cwiekb KiZv|

AvKvk cvZvj hvi AvQ hvMvhvM|

91

Pw`K cni \
A gwgb A
`wY e`bv Kijvg

wZbk llw bvM `q Zvi fvM \

jg jBgv mvMi|
jvnvi Wvv nBKv gvjj

cwg KwiM ew` gvi kni|

Q gvm bv jq Ni \

h RvMvZ Rb nBQ cxi cqM^i \


`wY KwiM ew` jg jg mvMi|

A gwgb A
cwg e`bv Kjvg

GB cvi _vBKv nB cvi hvZ nvRvi


eQi \

imyji QvwZ|

c~eZ KwiM ew` c~e w`evKi|

hvnvi `vqvZ Avj-vq

GK w`K Dw`j ci Pw`M cni \

^M Rvjvq evwZ \

PvBi w`K e`bv KBiv gb Kijvg


wi|

A gwgb A
PKvYv e`bv KBiv

Avj-vni bvg gv_vq jBjvg fei hZ


cxi \

gBa Kijvg wi|

Gwgb cin Kvjvg|

mvbviMuvq e`bv Kijvg cxi \

`kRbi cvqZ Avgvi

Avwk nvRvi cxi \

92

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi,
gZje `wY

nvRvi A mvjvg \

1| hw` ei AvMb|

2| Avg evb|

A gwgb A

ivRv hvq gvMb \

ZuZzBq avb \

Di e`bv Kijvg Kvjv ivRvi gvBqv

hw` ei cl|

GK wZj RvqMv evKx bvB Zvi

Kwi nq Zzl \

3| AvM evB`v w`e


AvBj|

`vD` jvBQ LvBqv \


(m~ : Kvgivgvb wmK`vii gZje Di DcRjvi BwZnvm kxlK eB)
g
1| Kviv `uvZi gvwoZ ev kixii
Ab Ask im cej NUj A_ev evZ
mvwbcvwZK evwa `Lv w`j evwa M
Ask nvZ eywjq e` g mnhvM
duyw`Z w`Z ejAimv `ivmv|

2| Kviv gZz Kvgbvq KD Kviv


cwZ evb Uvbv cqvM Ki _vKj
Kvj mvi gyg~l ivMxi AvZxq
cwiRb ISv wbq Avm| ISv
ZLb evb Uvbv b KiZ wMq
ej-

Hw` ei gvM|

ZvZ iBe bvbvb kvBj


\

Avb jvM evM \

ZvZ hw` bv nq kvBj|

hw` ei gvMi kl|

Lbv ej cvie MvBj \

ab ivRvi c~Y `k \

4| kxl `L wek w`b|


KvUvq cvivq `kw`b \

Rvwb Avkv Kwi evmv


myjZvb dwKi Kq|

KiZi kl g~j
eyb\
6| lvj Pvq
gyjv|
Zvi AaK Zzjv \
Zvi AaK avb|
webv Pvl cvb \
7| KPz eyb Qovq
QAwj
Zvi msLv nvwj \

8| Pvj fiv Kzgiv cvZv,

9| DWvb fiv jvD km|

jx ej Avwg Z_v \

Lbv ej jxi evmv \

10| WvK w`qv Kq


iveY|
Kjv jvMvI Avlvp
kvIb \

evb evb Uvbv evb|

hvi AvQ ii `kv \

5| Lbv ej kvb
kvb

KvBUv Kijvg Lvb Lvb \

11| AvM iyBqv Kjv|

Kvj wewiwi wel bvg|

evM evwMQv djv|

12| Avwkb iv` fvZ


KvwZK Lvq
hB ei gvM mB ei cvq

evb Uvbv mvbvivg \

Rvwb Avkv hev Kq

KvBUv evb h Ki b|

`imv webvk nq \

(m~ : Kvgivgvb wmK`vii gZje Di DcRjvi BwZnvm kxlK eB)


Wvni K_v (WvKi K_v)

Zvi mvZ wcwi |


evY Kijvg b \
Lbvi ePb
93

1| Nii KZv cii Kq

2| cwZ cwZ K_v

Zvi Kq ci|

cwZ K_vq Q` \
94

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi,
gZje `wY

P gvm Kuv_v Mvq

evjK evjK K_v

9| MvQj KBiv hev bvix

10| AwZ fve hLvb

Zvi Kq Ri|

cwZ K_vq \

Kki AvMv Pvq

wbw hve mLvb|

eyovq eyovq K_v

Qq gvmi Avqy _vKZ

hw` hve wbw

K_vq K_vq Kvwk \

^vgx gviv hvq \

NUe GKUv Kxw \

hyevq hyevq K_v K_vq K_vq nvwm \

11| hZ Avq ZZ eq|

12| xi fvM ab|

3| wn`yi `uvwo

4| A eqm `vwo

`v fvZ byb q \

cyili fvM Rb

weaev bvix|

weaev bvix|

13| hZ eBj ci|

14| MvQ IW giZ|

b`xi Kzji evwo

b`xi Kzj evwo,

ZZ ej ni \

Rvwgb nq fiZ \

eb Piv MvB

eb Pov MvB|

15| Kvb KPz bvK Zj,

16| Lvwj cU Rj

GB Pvi wekvm bvB|

GB Pvi wekvm bvB \

Lvwj cU g~jv,

fi cU dj,

5| b`xi avi evm,

6| Ni euvav LvUv|

Ze Kb wgQvwgwQ,

GZB mydj \

evwji Dci Pvl|

Mi wKbv QvU \

KweivRi evwo Mjv \

my-A`i Avk,

weq Kiv Kvjv|

bvixi gyLi nvm|

ZvB Mni fvjv \

Gi Dci hvi wekvm,


Zvi mvZ cyil KvU Nvm \
7| `i `ivBqv AvuW bvix

8| evwoi kvfv evM evwMPv

PDK cvnvBqv Pvq|

Nii kvfv Ikviv|

GB AfvwMbx bvix

`vuZi kvfv gvRb wgwk

cyil AvM Lvq \

PvLi kvfv Bkviv \

(m~ : Kvgivgvb wmK`vii gZje Di DcRjvi BwZnvm kxlK eB)


ejvi MxZ
ejv jx`iK K` Ki wbwgZ PgKc` Kvwnbx kZ kZ eQi ai Pj
AvmQ G Aj| ivZ RM RM gvbyl bZ m Kvwnbx| ejv jx`ii
Kvwnbx eqvb ne RvbZ cj Mwnbxiv Pvj, UvKv-cqmv w`q mnvqZv KiZv
Ges Abyvb AvqvRb DrmvwnZ KiZv| cvY Pvji ga w`q Iv` QvU
njw`qvi AvvQ Avjx evN i KiZbAvj-vn eji gbi GBfve w`b hve bv|
Pv`y ivRvi wQj-M evwo DRvbx bMi,

95

96

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi,
gZje `wY

Qq cy P wWv NvU nBj Zj-

Avj-vn eji gbi GBfve w`b hve bv|

Avj-vn eji gbi GBfve w`b hve bv|

Zvgvi evev KvUQ-M w`Nx kvb evbQ NvU,

Aekl nBQ-M cvjv mvbvi jx`i

Pvi cvi jvMvBQ MvQ bvg KiQ VvU-

cyRv bvwn w`e-M Avwg Kvwj`v mvMi,

Avj-vn eji gbi GBfve w`b hve bv|

mB KviY wbe-M cvjv mvbvi jx`i-

mB w`NxZ hvBI-M Zzwg eiwk evwnZ,

Avj-vn eji gbi GBfve w`b hve bv|

Lv`v h wgjvBqv w`e ejvi mvvr-

evi eQi KvU jx`ii jwLZ cwoZ

Avj-vn eji gbi GBfve w`b hve bv|

evi eQi KvU jx`ii Kvgvi cw wMq-

^c `Lv-M hLb kl nBqv hvq,

Avj-vn eji gbi GBfve w`b hve bv|

^Mi-A `ex Avevi ^M PBjv hvq-

nvqi wZb evi Qwk eQi cvi nBqv hvq,

Avj-vn eji gbi GBfve w`b hve bv|

Zey jx`ii evc gvq weq bv Kivq-

Nyg _K DV jx`i QUcU QUcU Ki,

Avj-vn eji gbi GBfve w`b hve bv|

Kx `wLjvg Kx `wLjvg ici c`xc Rj,

nvqi ^Mi Ibv `ex ^M w`j gb,

envb ivZi ^ci K_v wg_v bvwn nq-

Avmb Mvwoqv em jx`ii wkZvb-

Avj-vn eji gbi GBfve w`b hve bv|

Avj-vn eji gbi GBfve w`b hve bv|

`o w`qv hvq jx`i gvqi mvgb,

Zvjv cvwbZ bvI jx`ii Zvjv fvZ Lv,

AvovB NUvi `vI-M we`vq GB `ywbqvi ci-

bvwn hve kBji gqjv GB `ywbqvi ci,

Avj-vn eji gbi GBfve w`b hve bv|

Qjvb cvwbZ Kij Mvmj gqjv KvBUv hvq-

GKB gvqi GKB cy evev ZzB fvjv Ze,

97

98

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi,
gZje `wY

Zvi bvBKv w`e we`vq GB `ywbqvi ci-

Rwjj-A Revi-A bvg cvK mvenvb

Avj-vn eji gbi GBfve w`b hve bv|

Avj-vn ZzB eo nK|

Avgvq hw` bv `vIM we`vq GB `ywbqvi ci,

Avj-vn Zvgvi bvg Zvgvi Kvg Zvgvi gni evYx

Mjv-q Qywi w`qv gie Zvgvwi mvgb-

`wiqv KvBZ cvi cvnviZ cvwb,

Avj-vn eji gbi GBfve w`b hve bv|

Kjgv jvBjvnv Bjj-v|

(m~ : Kvgivgvb wmK`vii gZje Di DcRjvi BwZnvm kxlK eB)

Kzjqvj-vn Kzj`i Avj-vn Kzj mvenvb,


Zvgvi ev`v gymwKj coQ Kibv AvmvbKjgv jvBjvnv Bjj-v|
`ywbqvZ cvci evSv ewk nBQ Zuvi,

MRj

cvci LvwZi AvBj MRe Avj-vni

Mvg GK mgq Kjiv I em ivMi cv`yfve wQj| wPwKrmv eev wQjbv,


gZje AvBwmwWwWAviwe nvmcvZvj ZLbv nqwb| GBfve MRj MvBj `k
_K Kjiv em ivM GKevi Pj hZ GB wekvm GjvKvi gvbyli wQj|
mvaviYZ mvi ci MvIqv nZv| c_g 10/20 Rb wbq i KijI ci
kZK cvk Rb nq hZ| GB MRji bZZ w`Zb QvU njw`qvi Gjvnx
eKvDj I Avyi ie miKvi| Zuv`iI Iv` wQj| Zuviv GZ RgvZ cvib wb|
Gjvnx eKvDj eq jvK wQjb| GKUz uRv nq mvgb nuvUZb cvk _vKZb
Avyi ie miKvi| mv_ _vKZb Abiv| ejZb-

Kjgv jvBjvnv Bjj-v|


w`Q& evj-v `~i Ki evj-v nKKi-A nvwKg
hB bv c_ AvbQ evj-v mB bv c_ bvI
Kjgv jvBjvnv Bjj-v|
Kvjvi Dci ajvi `jvbi Dci b~i

wem&wgj-vn wki Kvivb b~ii cvKZb,

mB b~i cq`v nBQ gvnv` ivmyj

Aagi AviR Avj-vn kvb wbivb

Kjgv jvBjvnv Bjj-v|

Avj-vn ZzB eo nK|

Avjx Avjx nhiZ Avjx `y`yj mvqvi

99

100

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi,
gZje `wY

Idvi KviY Avjx gvi RyjdzKvi

bPbv aBi-A wc-B-iv| (2)

Kjgv jvBjvnv Bjj-v|

weqvi `yjv Pwjqv hvBZ

AvMiKvi w`b cv_wgK we`vjqi wkK gnvkqiv Qv-Qvx`i Awfbq Ki


covZb-

kIiv bv VKe Pv-j (2)

Aavb evbi XuwKZ cvnvo w`qv


XwK bvP Avwg bvwP nwjqv `ywjqv
Aavb evbiAvevi ejZbKvDqvq avb LvBji L`vbv gvbyl bB
Lvevi ejvq AvQ gvbyl Kvgi ejvq bvB
KvDqvq avb LvBji(m~ : Kvgivgvb wmK`vii gZje Di DcRjvi BwZnvm kxlK eB)
weqi MxZ
weqi mgq wekl Ki Qji evwoZ (Qj gq Dfq evwoZ nq) gwnjviv
ivZ evcx G MxZ MvBZv| hv`i cwievi ev MvxZ jvKRb ewk wQj Ges
MxZ RvbZ| MxZ MvIbx Ijviv nvqvi (cwZewk) nq _vKj c_g ivZ ch
PjZ| MxZ MvIqv bv nj hb weqi gRvB nQ bv| Qj wKsev gvqi gv
AvZxq ^Rbi KvQ wMq wMq ejZ wKjv evb wKjv Lvjv Zviv AvmQ bv| h
h bv AvmZ ejZ b Zv`i Rb Avgvi Qj/ gqi weq VBKv _vKZ bv|
VgK w`qv Pj AvmZ| b b Zviv h KqKRb AvQm ZvivB MvIPvbv Kwiqv evbvBI Uw
101

GKUz bv GKUz Mvs Gi gvS


eobv eo XDmIi (Zvi) ga wfwRqv Mj
iwjv `vgvbi KvPv (a~wZ)
gqi c MxZAvgvi bv evevRxi evwoZ AvQ
evM evwMPvi ev- MA
ZviI bv wfZi KvBZ w`gy
iwjv `vgvbi KvPv- (2)
AvjvwPZ ebv, cev` cePb, g-Z, kvjK auvav, MRj, MxZ BZvw` AZxZ
Mvgxb mgvRi gvbyli m` Ges wewfb Abyvb GMvjvi eenvi mKvji
Mvg mgvR eevi myL kvwi cK D`vniY| hnZz bvbv jwKK AvPvi
Abyvb I HwZn Gjv weaZ, m Rb Gjv mnR Avgv`i gbK bvov
`q| Avgv`i c~e cyil`i HwZngq M Avgiv Gjv _K LyuR cvB|
RvZxq BwZnvm I HwZn Mi Rb Gjv Lye cqvRb ZvB Gjv LuyU LuyU
ei Ki Avbv Avgv`i GKvB `iKvi| GLbB Gjv msMwVZ Kiv bv nj
fwelr cRb Gjv mK ay fyjB hvebv wbR`i gwjKZ mKI `~i
Pj hve| Avmyb Avgiv mevB Avgv`i BwZnvmK msMn, aviY I jvjb Kwi|
(m~ : Kvgivgvb wmK`vii gZje Di DcRjvi BwZnvm kxlK eB)
102

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi,
gZje `wY

gZjei Awaevmx`i eskc`ex I evLv


wgqvRx

c~e hviv gjfx/gyx/Avjg/Bgvg wQjv Zv`iK mvb


Ki wgqvRx WvKv nZv|

eKvDj

Mvg weqkv`x Abyvb hviv WKvikb KiZb Zv`iK


evqvj ev eKvDj ejv nZv| hviv ewk Bev`Z Kib
Zv`iK eKvDj-vn ejv nZv| eskc`exi c_gwUB
eeZ nq|

cavwbqv

KvRx

gav

`Iqvb

gyNj ivR^ ckvmb K` ev myevn Gi mevP ivR^


KgKZvK `Iqvb ejv nZv| dvimx k `Iqvb A_
ivR^Kvhi ZveavqK|

cvUvqvix

gymwjg kvmbvgj Mvg wnmveiK| ZvK Mvgi cwievi


cavb, Rwgi cwigvY, cYi cwigvY, LvRbvi cwigvY
BZvw` wnmve ivLZ nZv|

Kvb GKwU wbw` Mvg Abvb mKji ga hviv esk ev


gZvq DuPz wQjv Zviv wbR`iK mKji ga cavb
wnme MY KiZv AbivI mUv gvbZv|

gRyg`vi

ivR^ Av`vqKvix|

gj

Mvg cavb|

wePviK, KvRx-Dj-KzRvZ viv wbqvMcv nZb|


mvaviYZ gydwZ, Djgv I AvBb wekvi`MYi ga nZ
KvRx wbqvM Kiv nZv| c`k, miKvi Ges ciMYv G
wZb i KvRx wbqvM nZv|

gyx

jLK/KivYx|

miKvi

ciMYv chvqi ivR^ ckvmbi cavb| Rwg`vi`i


Avqeqi wnmve iK (evRvimiKvi)| ev`kvnx Avgj
ivRKgPvixK c` LZvewekl|

nvIjv`vi/

Rwg`vi ev ZvjyK`viMY Zv`i Rjgq Abvev`x Rwg


Pvlvev`i Rb wewfb evwi wbKU nvIjv Ki w`Zv|
nvIjv MnYKvixivB nvIjv`vi hviv ^Z nvi KiZ
cviZv|

evwoi eo nj wMi`v, cqv`v eo nj gav|

cqv`v

Rwg`vi ev ivR`ievii Aavix evZevnK|

Payix

cvK gymwjg fviZ ivR^ Av`vqi `vwqZ wbqvwRZ


KwgkbwfwK ivR^ KgKZv| ci gymwjg Avgj&I Zv
envj wQjv hv`i AbKB ci Rwg`vi (ivR^
msMnKvix) nb|

ZvjyK`vi

LvRbv Av`vq KiZb|

Rwg`vii Aab ga^ZfvMx| Rwg`vii Aaxb ZvjyKi


103

nvj`vi

nvRiv

nvRvi mbi AwabvqK, Mvgi gvoj, nvRvi UvKvi


gvwjK|

Nvl

Mvqvjv, Kvq evvjx wn`yi c`ex|


104

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi,
gZje `wY

Rgv`vi

nW Kbej, `vivqvb`i m`vi, mye`vii wbg


KgPvix

Xvjx

Xvjavix, Xvjavix mwbK|

cvVvb

cvwKvbi Di cwgi gymjgvb Mvwekl| GKwU


DuPzgvbi mvbm~PK eskc`ex|

Lvb/Lvu

Awf/vbx| cvVvb`i Dcv`x, gymwjg`i mvbm~PK


Dcvaxwekl, myjZvb ev ev`kv KZK wn`yK c`
Dcvaxwekl|

divRx/divqRx nvRx gyn` kixqZ Dj-vni gZvbymvix ew| Bmjvgx


diR hviv gb Pjb| wewUk weivax divqRx Av`vjb
hviv mg_K wQjb|
ecvix/evcvix

eemvqx, ewYK, Kvievix, mI`vMi|

dwKi

msmviZvMx gymjgvb mbvmx, mvay cyil, wfzK|

`vm

Rj, axei wn`y grmRxwe| wn`y e``i eskc`ex

mvnv

eemvqx, ewYK, mv, mvD, mvKvi wn`y`i Dcvax ev


c`we wekl|

bvM

bvM A_ mvci gwY njI, bvM kwU wn`y evvjx`i


Dcvwa wnme eeZ nQ|

ivq

ivRvi gZv m`kvjx I cfvekvjx| BsiR Avgj c`


105

LZve|
AvKb/AvL`

dvmx fvlvi wkK/wkK A_ Dcvaxwekl|

e`yKmx

e`yKavix|

Zid`vi

Kvb Kvb Rwg`vwii ciMYvi Ask weklK Zid Ges


Zidi `vwqZcv ew ev KgKZvK Zid`vi ejv nZv|

wmK`vi/wkK`vi gymwjg kvmbvgj ivR^ Av`vqKvix KgPvix ev KgKZvK


wkK`vi ejv nZv|
IwR

hviv nR KiZb| Kvb evwoi KD nR Kij m evwoK


IwR evwo ejv nZv|

(msMn- mwdKzj Bmjvg, BDGbI)

106

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi,
gZje `wY

gZjei vbxqfve eeZ wKQz ewZgx k

cvZvBj-v

kvIjv

eKb

mewj

PBIj

PwKi wbP

eKZ

mevB

Gwgv nwgv

Gw`K, mw`K

nei Avq

ZvovZvwo Avm

Pzwj

Rvgv

dzdz

nvRy

GBgv

eBo

cv

Pvwj gviv

`o `qv

Gb`v

Gw`K w`q

gv`vb

weKvj

nb`v

Iw`K w`q

gv

Rvgij

mB__v ivLv

hZ ivLv

njBcvZv

cyuBkvK

bnviv

Avjv`v

AvUwKqQ

Kv

cucu

nKZ

GKv

gD

ZiKvixi Svj

Ri

ci

nei/qvjUvb

ZvovZvwo Ki

v&Iqvjv

cyil gvbyl

Dqvj

ewg

107

(KZZv : AvBbybbvnvi Kv`ix, cfvlK, gZje wWMx KjR)


xov gZjei bc~Y
1950 mvji c~e GLvbKvi Mvg Mvg `vwoqvev`v, j-vQvU, nvWzWz,
KvbvgvwQ, gviej, jyWz BZvw` LjvB cPwjZ wQjv| 1950 Gi ci Gm
dzUej, fwjej nwK Ljv i nq GLvb| gZje Rwe cvBjU DP we`vjq nwK
Ljvq Lye fvjv wQjv| GKevi wefvMxq Pvwqbkxc ARb Ki| ZLb
cvwKZvbi ^vaxbZv w`em miKvwifve bKvevBP AvqvRb Kiv nZv|
108

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi,
gZje `wY

bKvi `ycvk eVv wbq gvwSiv emZv| gvS `vwoq GKRb jvK mvwi
MvBZv| b`xi `ycvo nvRvi nvRvi jvK DcfvM KiZv|
`k ^vaxb nevi ci 1973 mvj hye GKvWwg bvg GKwU xov I mvswZK
msMVb Kiv nq| D`vv gv: gvKmy`yj nK evejy hvi mfvcwZ wQjb dRjyj
Kwig (mwn` Payix), mv`K GGBPGg wMqvmDwb Ges Kvlva wQjb
`Iqvb iRvDj Kwig| G msMVb ZrKvj AbK Ljvi cwZhvwMZv AvqvRb
KiQ| GQvovI dm GmvwmqkbI ZLb xovbyvbi AvqvRb KiZv|
gZje i_ evRvi ZLb nvWzWz cwZhvwMZv nZv| K`gZjxi ejvj nvmb I
gveviK`x Mvgi ev`j `vm RvZxq Uxg gvnvgWvbi wbqwgZ Ljvqvo
wQjb| wKkvi ev`vm bvg xov msMVb iqQ hvi cwZvZv wQjb gywhvv
wgqv gvnv` Rvnvxi, mfvcwZ GGBPGg wMqvmDwb, mv`K gvnv`
Avjx| gZje Kve I m~hgyLx vwUs Kve bvg Aviv `ywU msMVbI xov
f~wgKv iLQ|

Rjv chvq : Avwbmyi ingvb myiR, Rwnij Bmjvg AvjK, cwiZvl P` mvnv,
wekbv_ mvnv, csKR `vm, gvnveyi ingvb UzUzj, gRevDwb gRy, wRGgkvnxb,
gvRnvij Bmjvg ^cb|
evWwgUb
Rjv chvq : dviK web Rvgvb (Pvwqb), bvwmi Avng` (Pvwqb), Kvgij
Rvgvb kvnxb, 1990 mvji Rjv gyw
& hvv Kvc AvwbQzi ingvb myiR
(Pvwqb), Avvivgvb Acy, bvRgyj Avnmvb LvKb (Pvwqb), gyRvwn`yj
Bmjvg wKib, dwi`Dwb Kvbb, mvnj Avng` Ask wbq cyivi wRZ
GbQb|
wefvMxq chvq : dviK web Rvgvb (ivbvmAvc), bvwmi Avng` (ivbvmAvc),
fwjej

dzUej

Rjv chvq : Avyj KvBqyg Lvb, Mbk evey wcsov I wefvMxq chvq ev`j
gvvi, wcsov, Rwmg gav Ask wbq gZjei gyL Dj KiQb|

1973/74 mvj gZje dzUej I fwjej Ljvq miv Ljvqvi wnme cwZfvi
^vi iLQb Rbve gvt gvqyb Kwei cavb, gig Avvivgvb, mwdK I
wgqv bvwmi|

`vev

RvZxq chvq AskMnY : wgqv gvt Rvnvxi Avjg- XvKv Iqvmv, Rvnvxi
Avjg- XvKv wZZvm, Avnmvb Kwei ^cb- gvngWvb Kve, Rwnij Bmjvg
AvjK- AMYx evsK Kve, AvwbQzi ingvb meyR- AMYx evsK Kve, wewR cm,
cwiZvl P` mvnv -mZZv Kve, PMvg, gRevn Dwb gRy-gvnvgWvb Kve,
GK AvRv`-AvivgevM Kve, Mvjvg bex ev`j-XvKv, gvnv` Avjx- XvKv
KjR, AvjvDwb- XvKv|
wefvMxq chvq Avtzj cwZhvwMZvq gZje Rwe cvBjU DP we`vjq, kvgxg
nvmvb, RvwKi nvmb mvMi, wR Gg nvwee Lvb, Avt gvbvb, Mvjvg Kvw`i gyKzj,
gy`vQi Avjx cvUvqvix, gvvwdRyi ingvb, MZg mvnv, enRq mvnv|
109

gZje cimfvi Kjv`xi AiY P` miKvi, mnKvix AavcK, myRvZcyi KjR


GKRb AvRvwZK iUW `vevi hvi wd` iwUs 2051| RvZxq `vevq AskMnY
KiQb 1993, 1994, 1996, 1997, 19999, 2000 mvj| 1997 mvj
RMbv_ nj, XvKv wekwe`vjq Pvwqb Ges 1997 mvj XvKv wekwe`vjq
ivbvm Avc nqQb| 1999 mvj Bwqvi gy^vB AvRv wZK `vevq AskMnY Ki
6wU `ki Ljvqvoi ga 4.5 cqU ARb Kib|
GQvov gvnv` Avjx LvKb, Gm, Gg, mwjg Rjv chvq LjQb| `Iqvb
iRvDj KwigI GKRb cwZfvevb `vevi wnme LjQb|
wKU
110

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi,
gZje `wY

gy`vQi Avjx cvUIqvix XvKv wmwU Kve, dvwng Avng` Ab~ 14 fviZxq Kve
LjQb| 2013 mvj gZje wKU GKvWwg bvg GKwU wKU cwkY K`
vwcZ nqQ wbD nvj gvV|

Rqbvj cavb wQjb GKRb ^bvgab muvZvi| bvivqYM _K Pvu`cyi mvuZvi


KU GmwQjb| 1962-64 mvj wefvMxq Pvwqb nb|
(Z_m~ : Rwnij Bmjvg AvjK, mvaviY mv`K DcRjv xov msv I
Abvb xovwe`MY)

`o cwZhvwMZv
Rjv chvq 100 wgUvi `o Rvnvxi Avjg, 100/200/400 wgUvi `o
Mvjvg bex ev`j, 100/400 wgUvi `o Rwnij Bmjvg AvjK, 200 wgUvi
`o gvnv` Avjx, byij Avwgb miKvi 400 wgUvi `o, AvwbQzi ingvb
myiR 800 wgUvi `o , mvnjv Avvi 100 wgUvi `o I 500 wgUvi
`o Rjv chvq, b~iRvnvb 100 wgUvi `o Pvwqb AskMnY Ki cwZfvi
^vi iLQb|
ekv wbc/PvKwZ
wWvfvvi knx`yj-vn cavwbqv wefvMxq chvq cwZhvwMZvq Ask wbqQb|
dvZgv Avvi elv wbc &I PvKwZZ wefvMxq chvq Pvwqb nqQb|
nvWzWz
Aveyj Kvjvg wgwR, KvivgevW gvnv` Avjx LvKb, ^cb mvnv, w`jxc ewYK,
wKiY nvmb|
muvZvi

111

112

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi,
gZje `wY

ZZxq Aavq : gywhy gZje


AvIqvgx msMvg cwil` (gZje)
gnvb gywhy gZjei f~wgKv

AvwZKzj-v AvwZK, ivg`vmcyi, gZje Di, mfvcwZ

evsjv`ki ^vaxbZv Av`vjbi m~cvZ _KB gZjei Ae`vb KwZZi `vwe


ivL| gnvb fvlv Av`vjb, 62-Gi nvwg`yi ingvb wkv Kwgkbi weiy Qv
Av`vjb, 66-Qq `dv Av`vjb, 69-Gi MYAfyvb, 70 Gi mvaviY
wbevPbmn mKj B gZjei RbMYi f~wgKv wQj| Dj-L h, gig
RbbZv exi gywhvv, mveK cavbgx Pvu`cyii wgRvbyi ingvb Payixi
bZZ gZje mn Puv`cyii me ii RbMY 70 Gi wbevPb RvZxq msm` I
cv`wkK cwil`i mKj Avmb AvIqvgx jxMi cv_xiv bKv gvKv evjU
wecyj fvU Rqx Kib Ges evOvjx RvwZi cwZ eez kL gywRei cwZ AKz
mg_b c`vb Kib| mB avivevwnKZvq 71Gi Bqvwnqv weivax Av`vjb,
niZvj, AmnhvMmn mKj gZjei Qv, RbZv, kwgKmn meii
RbZvi AskMnY wQj evsjv`ki ^vaxbZv hyi GK gnvcw Z|

Rqbvj Ave`xb cavb, fbKi`x, gZje `wY, mvaviY mv`K


gvkviid nvmb ZvjKz`vi kvncyi, jvj wgqv cvUvqvix wekvmcyi, Wv: K
Gg BDbym enix, Rqbvj cvUvqvix e`icyi, b~ij nK Avwgb bIMuv, Avyj
LvjK I wmivRyj BmjvgabvMv`v, Avwgi nvmblvUbj, Ave`yj
nKBgvgcyi m`m wnme wQjb| mq` Avyj gvbvbi evwoZ (bvivqYcyi)
c_g mfv nq|
AvIqvgx msMvg cwil`i `vwqZ wQj Qv, kwgK, KlK, hyeK`i msMwVZ Ki
cwkYi Rb cwZekx `k cvVvbv, Uwbs diZ hyeK`i wbivc` RvqMvq
ivLv, iwK Kiv I kci LuvRLei bqv, weGjGdi gvag vbxq
hyeK`i cwkY `qv, hgb bIMuvi jZxd cvVvbi evwo, enixi gywReyi
ingvb Luvi evwo, eKvDj evwo evMvb, evqvwjqv evRvii cvk mye`vi Rwnii
Kv Gic cwkY `qv nZv|

gywhyi g~j KvVvgv :


wgRvbyi ingvb Payix GgGbG

ivRbwZK bZZ :

nvdR nvweeyi ingvb GgGbG, gZje

Avt ingvb mvwnZiZ, gZje

cv`wkK cwil`i m`mMY


dvt jt G.we wmwK
gZje-nvRxM

Qv bZe` :
Mvjvg gvik` dviKx
gZje Di
113

Rbve b~ij Bmjvg b~i, gZje `wY; ^vaxb evsjv Qv msMvg cwil`i gZje
kvLvi AvnevqK|
114

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi,
gZje `wY

Imgvb Mwb, b`xLvjvi ij Avwgbmn Aviv KqKRb, hv`i cZKB fviZ


_K cwkYcv )

gywhyi mk KvVvgv
gywdR
mi : 02, mi Kgvvi gRi Lvj` gvkviid
gRi GwUGg nvq`vi
Puv`cyi gaygwZ Aj mye`vi Rwnij nK cvVvb AwabvqK
_vbv Gd.Gd Kgvvi :
Rbve wgqv gvnv` Rvnvxi Avjg, gZje Di| wZwb AcmvwiZ nevi ci
cieZxZ Rbve Kwei Avng` Lvb, gZje Di Ges Rbve gwbivgvb
ZvjyK`vi mn-AwabvqK, gZje `wY|
Dciv KvVvgvZ cwZwU GjvKvq cvUzb MVb Kiv nq Ges H cvUzbi bZZ
hviv w`qQb Zuv`i bvg wbgic :1bs Kv- gZje `wYi bvqiMvuI BDwbqbi wLw`icyi cv_wgK we`vjqi
bZZ wQjb Rbve bQvi Dwb cvUIqvix, (G Kv Ab hviv wQjb Zviv
njb `wY evoMvIqi Zqe Avjx, Zdvj nvmb, Avavivi Avyj gwZb,
bvIRvbi Rvwn` nvmb, Nvovavixi kvn gvnv` knx`yj-vn, LMcyii byij
nK gav, wLw`icyii Kvgvj, gvnv` nvmb, Avwkbcyii gwbi nvmb, UgvB
wkecyii Rvnvxi miKvi, Kvwkgcyii kwdKzj Bmjvg, WvwUKvivi eR`,
e`icyii gwdRyxb, mvnvicvoi Rvnvxi wgqv, Kvwkgcyii AwjDj-vn gvvi,
eviMvIqi Zdvj nvmb, gwbMvIqi Aveyj evkvi, Aveyj nvmb, Mveyqvi
jyrdzi ingvb, ig cvUvqvix, Avjx Avvm, cyiYi Aveyj Lvqi, imyjcyii
ewkij-vn miKvi, evivMuvIqi Avjx nvmb, e`icyii nvwjg cvUvqvix,
Mvwe`cyii gZyq, PvcvwZqvi Aveyj nvmg, bvM`vi gvqyb Xvjx, jvgQwoi
115

2bs Kv- bIMvu ci enixi Rwjj KvRxi evwo Kvi bZZ wQjb Rbve
K Gg mvq`yi ingvb iZb| (G Kv Ab hviv wQjb Zviv njb- evBkcyii
gwReyi ingvb, Rwmg Dxb, Wvt BmnvK, Kjv`xi gvae P` mvnv, cjcvovi
nvmb cvUIqvix, nvweeyi ingvb, byij Bmjvg cvUvqvix, Avey nvwbd Rwjj,
eveycvovi Avym mvgv`, wmivR~j Bmjvg, knx`yj-vn cavb, w`Nj`xi Aveyj
Kvjvg, knx`yj-vn, Mvjvg gvdv eKvDj, Ievq`yj-vn, bjyqvi knx`yj-vn
mvq`, nvweeyj-vn, kwdDj Avjg `yjvj, knx`yj-vn, gvKm` Avjx, Bw`m Lvb,
cuvPwKcvovi byij Bmjvg, evwjKvw`i Avmv`y&vgvb, bIMvi gvLjmyi ingvb,
bIMvi Pvb wgqv, enixi Aveyj Lvqi eKzj, Lvik` Avjg, Avyi ie eKvDj,
kvn Avjg eKvDj, bIMvi Avwgbyj nK, ij Kzym, Avjx nvmb cvUvqvix,
byij nK gav, Dcv`xi Aveyj nvmb, wbib cvj, Mvwe`cyii hvvnZ Rwmg
Dxb, Zdvj nvmb wRbvn, gwdRyj Bmjvg gRyg`vi, knx`yj-vn gRyg`vi,
wmwKzi ingvb gvvi, kwdKzi ingvb gRyg`vi, myjZvb Avng` Zcv`vi,
wcsovi Wvt gvnv` gbmyi, euvKovi Aveyj evkvimn Aviv KqKRb hv`i
cZKB fviZ _K cwkYcv)
3 bs Kv- gZje Dii wbwcyi Mvg GjvKvi bZZ wQjb- nvdR gvt
Avjx
4bs Kv- gZje Dii gvnbcyi GjvKvi bZZ wQjb Rbve mwn`yj Avjg
ie (evBkcyii kvnRvnvb miKvi G Kv-Gi Aaxb hy KiQb)
5bs Kv- gZje Dii GbvqZbMi GjvKvi bZZ wQjb Rbve gvqvg
nvmb|

we.Gj.Gd gywRe evwnbx


116

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi,
gZje `wY

Rbve iweDj AvDqvj Lvb wKib gnKzgv wjWvi,

gywhy iy, cw Z I cwkY

Rbve Ave`yj gwgb Lvb gvLb mn-wjWvi,

gnvb gywhy gZjei exi gywhvv`i iqQ GK Miegq BwZnvm| gvPi


kl mvn eezi WvK AvIqvgx msMvg cwil`i bZe`- meRbve wgRvb
Payix, Avyi ie, Kwig cvUvqvix, GW: wmivRyj Bmjvg, GW: Avey Rvdi
gvnv` gvCbyxb, Avyj AvIqvj, Wvvi mvvi cgyLi D`vM Pvu`cyi GKwU
mfv WvKv nq| D mfvq gZjei dvBU jv: G we wmwK, Mvjvg gyk`
dviKx, &I Rqbvj cavwbqvmn (hviv AvIqvgx msMvg cwil`i bZZ wQjb)
AbKB DcwZ wQjb| UvDb nji D mfvq dvBU jt G we wmwK
GgGjG-K Kgvvi Ki ciw`b _K Avbmvi Kve Mwijv Uwbs `Iqv i
nq| GZ cvb mbv, cywjk, Avbmvi, KlK, Qv, kwgK hyeKiv Ask bq|
Qv msMvg cwil`i D`vM 23 k gvP gZje KvVevRvi cvwKvwb cZvKv
cywoq mvaxb evsjvi cZvKv Dovbv nq Ges kvwi cZxK KeyZi Dqb Kiv
nq |

Rbve Rwni Dwb evei mn-wjWvi,


`wYvj : Pvu`cyi I Kzwgj-v moKi `wY Ask I hyKvjxb KvW bvg
WvKvwZqv K
Divj : Pvu`cyi I Kzwgj-v moKi Di Ask I hyKvjxb KvW bvg WvKvwZqv
L

we.Gj.Gd gywRe evwnbx _vbv wjWvi


AwabvqK`i bvg :
Avyj LvjK wgqv AwabvqK, gZje Di (AvgwiKv cevmx),
Gbvgyj nK, mn-AwabvqK gZje `wY (AvgwiKv cevmx),
Ievq` Dj-vn, gZje Di, gywRe evwnbxi ivRbwZK Kgvvi|

Dciv KvVvgvZ mKj BDwbqbi BDwbqb wjWvi, wjWvi cwkY, wjWvi


Mvq`v Ges wjWvi ivRbwZK bZv wbqvM c`vb Kiv nq| Ze mKj
vbxq AvIqvgx jxMi bZZ MwVZ msMvg cwil` mnhvwMZv KiQb|
(m~ : gywhy welq Pvu`cyi Rjv ckvmb KZK cKvwkZe GKwU eB I gZje
`wY DcRjvi gywhvv`i mv_ mvvrKvi)

117

Wvt gvt `jvqvi nvmb Lvb iwPZ gywhy Puv`cyi Mi eivZ w`q Rbve
Kvgivgvb wkK`vi wjLQb Puv`cyi cvK evwnbxi ceki c~e Rbve wgqv
bvwmiDwb gZje, Rbve Avt gvgb Lvb gvLb, Rbve wjqvKZ nvmb jKz
(Puv`cyi), Rbve Avt AvwRR (dwi`M), Rbve `jvqvi nvmb `jy (Puv`cyi
bZzb evRvi), Rbve `jvqvi nvmb eKvDj, Rbve nvwbd cvUvqvix, Rbve
mq` Ave` gbmyi, Rbve gvt Avt Iqv`y` (myRvZcyi) Ges Rbve Iqvwn`yi
ingvb (KPzqv) cgyL Puv`cyi Avbmvi Kve gywhyi cw Z^ic cwkY
AskMnY Kib|
cieZxZ gywhvviv ewMZ ev mgwMZ D`vM fviZ cwkY wMqQb|
gZje Dii wgqv Rvnvxi Ges Kwei Avng` Lvb mn Aviv AbK fviZ
cwkY hvb| cvK evwnbx Puv`cyi ceki ci Rbve bvwmi Dwb, Rbve
AvjZvd (jyayqv), Rbve gvLjQ Lvb (jyayqv), Rbve gvLjQ miKvi, AavcK
Kvwej (ivpxKvw`), Rbve gvt Avt Iqv`y`mn cvq 105 Rb gywhvv fviZ
cwkY hvb| gywhvv Gg G Iqv`y`i AbyciYvq hy Ask bb evBkcyii
b~ij Bmjvg b~i| Rbve b~i fviZi AvMiZjvq cwkY ciY Kib AkvK
118

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi,
gZje `wY

Kzgvi cvvi, nvmvb mvv`, nvmb wgqv, Zvcm Kzgvi cvvi, Rq`e KgKvi,
wRj-yi ingvb mn Aviv AbKK|
Rbve GgG Iqv`y` wegvb evwnbxi PvKzix KiZb| wZwb GKw`b Pvu`cyi _K
gZje AvmwQjb| mvBKjhvM Avmvi c_ gZje evRvi Gm `Lb- GKwU
nvUj cvwKvwb cZvKv DoQ| msM msM wZwb wj Ki cZvKvwU bvwgq
djb| ci jvKRbi fxo nq Ges GKwU wgwQj ei nq I mgvek nq|
Wv: `jvqvii M wgTv gvt Rvnvxii GKwU mvvrKvi iqQ| mvvrKvi
wZwb ejQb, eezi WvK `ki gvbyl hLb gywi bkvq I ^vaxbZvi Avkvq
w`knviv ZLb 7 gvPi kL gywRei fvlY Ges cieZxZ kL gywRei c
gRi wRqvi K gywhy I ^vaxbZvi NvlYv b cvY Avkvi mvi nq|
fviZ gywhvv`i cwkY PjQ RvbZ ci Avcb `yfvB Rbve ZvRyj
Bmjvg, cjcvovi Gbvgyj nK eKvDj I Rbve mwjg Rvnvbmn 22 Rb
GKwZ nq fviZi Dk hvv Kib| mnhvwMZv Kib Rbve Rvnvxi
Avjgi wcZv Rbve Avt Kwig wgTv Ges ZrKvjxb Pqvigvb Rbve mvgQzj
Avjg mvne| Rxebi SzuwK wbq fviZi ebMi Bqy_ Kv hvM`vb Kib|
cv_wgK evQvBqi ci Zuv`iK Avwgb bMi cwkY kl wbfqcyi cvVvbv
nq| G mgq Zuviv Kvb gvnveyei Aaxb cwkY MnY Kib| Kvb
gvnveye GK wbevPbi gvag wgTv gvt Rvnvxi AvjgK Kgvvi wbhy
KiY| wbevPb Rvnvxi Avjgi mv_ cwZwZv nq Rbve ew`Dvgvb eab
Gi| G mgq wKQz hvv wbq Rvnvxi Avjg mvnei evev fviZ Pj Avmb
ej Dj-L Kib| wKQz w`b ci Rbve wgTv gvt Rvnvxi Avjg wcZvi mv_
Kvb gvnveyei wb`k cybivq fviZ Pj hvb Ges 10 Rb gywhvvK wbq
`k wdi Avmb| GK AfixY KviY Kvb gvnveye, Rbve Kwei Avng`
LvbK (Gd Gd wm) Kgvvi Ki gZje cvVvb, Rbve wgTv Rvnvxi Avjg
Rbve Kwei Avng`i bZZ gb bb| Avbvqvicyi Mvgi KwZmvb mye`vi
(Aet) gvt mvgQzj nK 24 k gvPi ci wbwcyi zj gvV cwZw`b euvki
jvwV w`q Uwbs w`Zb| wZwb wQjb gZjei hvv`i c_g Uwbs Gi
cwkK| GK`j gywhvvK wZwb wjs kLvb|
119

UiKxi byi, bvivqYcyii Rvnvxi, imyjcyii ekxij-vn miKvi, XvwKiMvIqi


knx`yj-vn mvq`, bjyqvi nvweeyj-vn, cvPwKcvovi byij Bmjvg cavb, Dcv`xi
knx`yj-vn, Dcv`x `wYi wmwKzi ingvb, cjcvovi nvweeyi ingvb, Dcv`x
Dii wmwKzi ingvb, Dcv`x Dii Avmv`yvgvb, bIMvi Avwgbyj nK,
cjcvovi Avyj Rwjj, bIMvi ij Kzymmn gvU 95 Rb fviZi AwbMi
cwkY MnY Ki RyjvB gvmi w`K gjvNi Aevb Ki| Acvwi ci
gjvNi _K KKvbMi nq PMvg w`q eoiv nq bvivqYcyi cek Ki|
ci hvi hvi GjvKvi Kv Pj hvq|
gkv`xi bQvi Dwb cvUvqvixi (ci wLw`icyii mi Kgvvi) gvag
LMcyii b~ij nK gav, wLw`icyii gvdv Kvgvjmn gvU QqRb Gwcjgvmi
kl fviZ cwkY MnY KiZ hvb| Avmvgi jvnvieb cwkY MnY Ki
Rybi kli w`K gvU 79 (gZje Dii AbK mn) Rb GKm wmjU
Avmb| Gi ga wQjb Nvovavixi kvn gvnv` knx`yj-vn, UgvB wkecyii
Rvnvxi Avjg, WvwUKvivi eR` P` `vm, Mvwe`cyii gZyq, Kvwkgcyii
AwjDj-vn gvvi, Kvwkgcyii kwdKzj Bmjvg, evoMvuIqi Zdvj nvmb
gyw, Kvwkgcyii `jvqvi nvmb, gwbMvuIqi Aveyj nvmb, gwbMvuIqi
evkvi, enixi iZb (ci enixi mi Kgvvi), LMcyii b~ij nK gav (ci
wmjU hy AvnZ), wLw`icyii gvdv Kvgvj, gwbMuvIqi Aveyj Kvjvg
AvRv`| mLvb `ygvm hy Kivi ci gZje Gm wbR wbR GjvKvi mi
hvM`vb Kib|
`kgvZKvi msMvg ^vaxbZv hy hvM w`Z GKw`b ivZ AKvi kwdK, UMi,
Avyi iemn 4 Rbi GKwU `j bKv hvM Pvw`bv Zvici cvq nU KskbMi
Ges b`x cvi nq fviZ Pj hvb| GB `yMg fqven wechqi c_ cvwo w`Z
GKw`b GKivZ mgq jMQ| mLvb Zuviv c_g eKmbMi Bqy_ Kv hvM
`b| Gmgq Kzwgj-vi cdmi Avyi ie Kv BbPvR wQjb| GLvb GK gvm
cwkY `qv nq| gvS gvS cwkYi gvb, `Zv ewi Rb ijvi evwnbxi
mv_ Kwei Avng` LvbK eWvi hy cvVvbv nZ| cwkYi mgq wZwb cvUzb
Kgvvi wQjb| GK gvmi cwkYi ci DPZi cwkYi Rb ZvK
120

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi,
gZje `wY

Avmvgi jvnvieb cwkY Kv cvVvbv nq| mLvb GK gvmi cwkY


w`q gjvNi cvVvbv nq| GLvb wZwb 10/12 w`b Aevb Ki A I
Mvjvevi` msMn Ki wbfqcyi mve mi nW KvqvUvi Pj hvb| GB Kv
cwkY cv AbK Gd Gd wQjb| Rbve LvjKzvgvb f~Bqv wQjb Gd Gd
evwnbxi Kgvvi (eZgvb evm` mvaviY mv`K)| ZLb wbfqcyi cwkY cv
105 Rb wQjb| GLvb Rbve LvjKzvgvb I Kvb gvnveye memwZg
Kwei Avng` LvbK gZje _vbvi Kgvvi wbhy Kib|
105 Rb Gd Gd (wdWg dvBUvi) wbq wZwb Rybi kl w`K `ki Afi
XzK cob| c_g Zviv Kywgj-v PMvg w`q gyRvddiMi GK evwoZ
Aevb bb| GUv wQj cvwKvbx`i Kv _K `y&B gvBj `~i| GB Lei cvK
evwnbxi KvQ cQ hvq| cvK evwnbx Nievwo Rvwjq `e fq evwoi jvKRb
Zv`iK Ab mi hZ Abyiva Kib| dj gywhvviv weeZ nq cob|
ci Zviv KPzqvi mvPvi nq gZjei nwiYv Mvg (Kwei Avng` Lvbi wbR
Mvg) Pj Avmb| ivZ me Ak I Mvjvevi` Mvcb vb iL KqKRb
Qvov evKx mevBK 7 w`bi QzwU `Iqv nq|

gZjei gywhyi eYbv :


GKw`b GKwU RvnvR MvbevU weasmx A, Mvjv evi`mn ijvi evwnbxi
GKwU cvUzb mye`vi Rwnij nK Lvb (ewikvj)-Gi bZZ Kwei Avng` Lvbi
Aaxb gZje _vbvq ciY Kib| cqvRbxq gyn~Z hvZ mi nW KvqvUvi
Gi mv_ hvMvhvM Kiv hvq m Rb Bwwbqvi iwdK-Gi bZZ Pvi m`mi
Iqvijm wekl `j Ges DP gZv mb GKwU Iqvijm mU c`vb Kiv
nq| Iqvijm _vKvi KviY Dc`k, hy Kkj MnY, A I Mvjvevi`i
Kvb mgmv wQjbv| 22wU BDwbqb wbq gZje _vbv (mveK _vbv) MwVZ| Gi
ga 14 wU BDwbqbi Pviw`K b`x viv ewZ | mnZz elv gmyg `Lv hZ
GjvKv b`xi Ici fvmQ| myZivs G Aj Puv`cyi _K Rj I j c_ Ges
XvKv, bvivqYM I `vD`Kvw` _K Rjc_ AvgYi SuywK mePq ewk wQj|
121

Kwei Avng` Lvb ^xKvi Kib c_gw`K Zviv Lv`i Afve Lye K cvb| G
Aj elvKvj Lv`i msKU wQj| G Rb Zvuiv wPwZ nq cob| G w`K
Zvu`i cwZ KVvi wb`k wQj hvZ RbMYi Rvb gvji wZ Kiv bv nq|
msMvg KwgwUi jvKRb RbMYi KvQ _K Puv`v Zvj Lvevii eev KiZb|
gjvNi nW KvqvUvi _K wb`k wQj gNbv b`x w`q Puv`cyi bvivqYM
bvLv`v`i (wenvix eemvqx) h mKj wewfb gvjvgvj evSvB bKv RvnvR
hvZvqvZ Ki Zv AvUK Ki Lv`i eev Kiv| wZb ivZ Acvikb Ki gNbv
b`x _K 15-16 wU Lv` evSvB bKv AvUK Ki Lv`i eev Kib
gywhvviv| hyi KkjMZ KviY MRvwiqv _vbvi Gd Gd`i `yBwU fvM
wef Kiv nq| GKwU Mci Kgvvi Zuvi (Kwei Avng` Lvbi) mv_
hvMvhvM iv Ki KvR KiZv| GKw`b m `ji Kgvvi GKwU eo KvMv
AvUK Ki| MRvwiqvq Kvb wbivc` vb bv _vKvq Zuviv KvMvwU gZje wbq
Avm| KvMvZ wQj mgvB, wPwb, mywR, Mg, gmjv, `vwg Kvco Ges Abvb
g~jevb wRwbmc| Kwei Avng` Lvb mevi Rb iL evKxjv RbMYi gvS
wewjq `b|
mmgq gywevwnbxi KvQ wQj gv GKwU Gj Gg wR, GKUv 2 Bw gUvi, 30
wUi gZ Gm Gj Avi, evKx me 303 I Gm Gg wR| mye`vi Rwnii ijvi
evwnbx fvwi AI hyi KvR jvMvZ cviwb| KviY Zv`i AwaKvsk wQj
QzwUZ| ZvQvov Zv`i mw`b Aevb wQj gZjei cwg `wY KvYvq| ILvb
_K AvmZ 6-7 NUv mgqi cqvRb| aviYv Kiv nq k ci nvZ 4 wU
Gj Gg wR I em PvBwbR AUvgwUK ivBdj wQj| wji cwigvbI wQj
gywevwnbxi Zzjbvq KqKb ekx| cvK mbvi nvRvi ivD wj Quzo MvQi
Wvjvcvjv evwoNi wQb wewQb Ki dj| Ggb Kvb evwoNi wQjbv hvi `iRv
RvbvjvMyjv wQb wQjbv| cvK evwnbx PqwQj Nveo w`q gyw evwnbxK
gvbwmKfve `yej Ki hy Rqx nZ| bBj gv_vi Ici w`q nvRvi nvRvi wj
Qvovi gvb nqbv| gyw hvviv cwZve, hy Zv`i Rqx nZB ne| hve
Kv_vq mvgb Lvj cQb Lvjv gvV avb Z| C`i w`b m~h hZB Dci
DVe gyw hvv`i cwZivaI ZZvwaK fve eo hvq| GKwU evwo I GKwU
cyKzi wQj wWw evW I Mvqvjgvix evRvii Lye KvQ| cyKzii Di c~e
122

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi,
gZje `wY

KYvii evg cvk Kgvvi Kwei Avng`i Gj Gg wR cv Kiv wQj| GwU


PvjvZv iwgR I Kv`i| Zv`i cwZ wb`k wQj Mvqvjgvix evRvi AevbiZ
cvK mbv`i UvMU ivLv Ges eU MvQi Avovj `uvwoq _vKv| Zv`i Svby
KgvviK LZg Kivi KviY KgvviK kl KiZ cvij Zv`i PBb Ae
Kgv f hve Ges gywhvv`i weRq `Z wbwZ ne| `ycyi eviUvi w`K
nVvr Gj Gg wRi evk dvqvii AvIqvR Ges gUvii mj eySv Mjv cvK
evwnbxi kw ew cqQ| gywhvv`i Mvjvwji iUI cP fve evwoq
`qv nq| G hyi mvsMVwbK bZv Gg G Iqv`y` Zvi gywhvv`i wbq
AskMnY Kib| AZ mvnwmKZvi mv_ hy Ki cvK nvbv`vi`i Nvqj
KiZ KiZ DwRZ nq mvivi Kivi K_v ej| GKwU LRyi MvQi wcQb
`vwoq AbeiZ wj Qzuo PjQb wZwb| vbwU wQj gvivZK SuywKc~Y| Avevi
DwRZ nq k cK mvivii K_v ejZ wMq `uvwoq hvq| Ggwb mgq
GKwU eyjU Zvi Nvoi wVK wbP wcVi GKw`K w`q XzK Abw`K w`q ewoq
hvq| cP icvZ nwQj| ZvK wbivc` vb Kvwji evRvi cvwVq `qv nq|
Zvici cvK evwnbxi eyjUi AvNvZ `vD`Kvw` _vbvi MvwRcyi Mvgi gywhvv
ij Avwgb gvwUZ jywUq co| mv_ mv_ Zvui gZz nq| Zvui gZ `nI
Kvwji evRvi cvVvbv nq| ij Avwgb wQjb PMvg B Gg Gm KjRi Qv|
ZvuK nwiYv Keivb `vdb Kiv nqQ| Zvi Kei Lvbv cvKv Kiv nqQ|
`qvji Mvq cv_i wjLv nqQ :
IMv cw_K wYK `uvovq
wemwgj-vn ej, Avj-nvg`y co
Aagi jvwM `vqv Kwieb Avj-vni `ievi
gvi GUzKz AvKzj Ave`b `kevwmi Zi
hv`i i gyw GB `k
knx` ij Avwgb, mveK wfwc
123

Igi MwY Gg B Bm KjR, PMvg


Rb- 7 B AvM 1950 Bs
kvnv`vr eiY Kib 20 k bf^i 1971 Bs
wcZv gvt byij Bmjvg (Mvqvjgvix evRvi)
Mvg `wY MvwRcyi (miKvi cwievi)
ij Avwgbi gZzi cm AvwRR wgqv nvIqvjv`vi ejb ij Avwgbi Gm
Gj Avi b nq Mj wZwb (AvwRR wgqv) wVK Ki `Iqvi ci ij Avwgb
LywkZ Rq evsjv ej wPrKvi w`q DVj nvbv`vii Gj Gg wRi wjZ
ZvrwYK Xj cob gZzi Kvj| eZgvb Zvi bvg GKwU ivvi bvgKiY
Kiv nqQ (knx` ij Avwgb moK)| cvK evwnbx eySZ ciwQj Zv`i iv
bB, ZvB kw ew Ki wcQz nUvi Pv KiQ| 300-350 gywhvv GZeo
kwkvjx evwnbx w`q Zv`i hw` civwRZ bv Kiv hvq Ze Zv`i bwZK civRq
ne| fe `Ljb `wY w`K w`q Iiv cvjvZ cvie bv| gyw hvviv
cwRkb AvQ| c~ew`K wei avb Z| Gw`K me bq| cwg w`KI
gywhvviv iqQ| evwK AvQ h ivv w`q GmQ m ivv w`q dir hvIqv
Ges `ywU evwoi gvSLvb w`q hZ ne| `y&B evwoi gvSLvb 40 MR c_ AvQ,
Gj Gg wR gvb iwgR I Zv`iK H `yB evwoi gvSvgvwS Aevb wbq Avmv
nj| mgmv njv Gj Gg wR cvi Rb h aibi RvqMvi cqvRb Lvwj gvV,
avb Z m aiYi RvqMv cvIqv bv hvIqvq Gj Gg wRi GKwUf ii
wfZi QvU GKwU Zzjv MvQi cQb iwgR (eZgvb wewWAvi G PvKzixiZ) I
ZvniK (Bwwbqvi) cPzi cwigvY wj w`q wb`k `Iqv nj `y&B evwoi
gvSLvb cvK mbv Avmj dvqvi Kie| Abv_vq kK mRvM Ki jvf bB|
gvivi AvMB giZ nZv| hvviv wQjb Mwijv| Mwijv Kvq`vqB cvK
mbv`i LZg Kiv nqQ| KvwZ evm dvqvii AvIqvR bv Avmvq wbZ
Kkj Kiv nq Ges c-vUzb Kgvvi`i ej `Iqv nq c_g KqKk ivD
wj Qzuo Av Av dvqvwis i Kwgq w`Z| GUv Kej k cK eySvbv
124

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi,
gZje `wY

njv gywhvv`i Kvfvwis dvqvi w`q DB_W Kiv nQ| `k wgwbUi ga


ZvB njv| kl ch Iiv duv` cv w`qQ| gywhvviv fvb Kijv Avi Iiv
mwZ cvjvZ PvBjv| cvq wZb `kwgK wk wgwbUi w`K nVvr Ki KvwZ
Gj GgwRi evm dvqvii AvIqvR cvIqv Mj| hy Kwei Avng` Lvb dvqvwis
i evwoq w`jb Avi mevBK Kv hvIqvi Rb cZ
nZ ejjb|
wKQzY ciciB evm dvqvii AvIqvR cvIqv Mj| gb gb hy Rqi Avb`
Abyf~Z njv| `vD`Kv`x _vbvq gywhvv`i Abyiva Kiv njv iZc~Y
cqU Zv`i jvK emvbvi Rb Ges Rvwbq `Iqv njv wKQzYi gaB
gZje _vbvq gywhvv Kgvvi Kwei Avng` Lvbi mv_ Pj Avme|
h_vixwZ Zviv `vwqZ cvjb Kijv| me aiYi mZKZv Aej^b Ki mvo
PviUvi mgq Pvi cuvPRbi Mc Ki Kvwji evRvi Kv Pj Avm| iwgR I
Zvnii wnmve Abyhvqx 30-35 RbK ZvivB evm dvqvi LZg KiQ|
Kv_vqI Mvjvwji AvIqvR bB| Kv_vq nZ AvPgKv GKwU gUii mj wVK
Gj Gg wRi eviji myL fvM AvNvZ nvb RvZ Zvni I iwgR cvq `knvZ
`~i wQUK ci| iwgR Gj Gg wR Qvowb| APZb AevqI k nvZ ai
iLwQj| AvnZ Kv`i I iwgRK evRvi cvwVq `qv njv| Kwei Avng` Lvb
wbwcyi wdi Avmjb ivZ bqUvq| nW KvqvUvii gmRUv Avbvqvicyi
wmivRi evwoZ AevbiZ Iqvijm wekl`i Rvwbq `Iqv njv cii
w`b Mvqvjgvixi hyi mdjZvi Lei| ^vaxb evsjv eZvi _K djvI Ki
cPvi Kiv njv|

L) ci GjvKv

: gZje `wY|

M) _vbv

: gZje|

N) NUbvi weeiY
: 1971 mvji 26 bf^i evi gywhvv b~ij
nK Avwgbi evwoZ cvK mbv`j AZwKZ AvgY Ki Ges Ni-evwo
Rvwjq `q| bIMv Avos evRvii mg `vKvbi gvjvgvj jyb Ki
cvK mbv`j bIMuv _K wcQz nU gZje _vbv m`i _K 2 wKjvwgUvi
c~e jvjvi nvU bvgK vb Aevb bq| G Lei gywevwnbxi Rvqvbiv
Rb Pvwiw`K _K jvjvi nvU AvgY Ki Ges gyyw evwnbxi weGj
Gd cvUzb Kgvvi Gbvgyj nK, GdGd enixi Kgvvi mvB`yi ingvb
(iZb) Ges wmivRyj Bmjvg eKvDji h_ bZZ Pviw`K _K wNi
dj| GLvb ewikvji mye`vi Rwnij nK (mbv m`m hvi bZZ
evqvwjqvZ GKwU Kv wQjv), cjcvovi nvIjv`vi wmivR I
Rqbvj cavwbqvmn Aviv KqKRbK wbq evqvwjqv _K Gm G
hy Ask bq| Gmgq gyLvgywL hy Pjvi GK chvq cvK mbv`i
NuvwUwU gywevwnbxi `Lj Avm| GB hy 26 Rb cvK mbv I ivRvKvi
wbnZ nq Ges aZ 1 Rb ivRvKviK ai Qo `qv nq| G hy cvK
mbv`i KvQ _K cPzi Am Dvi Kiv nq| gywhvv`i Kvb
cKvi q-wZ nqwb| G hy cvK mbviv wcQz nU hvq |

(m~ : Kvgivgvb wmK`vii gZje Di DcRjvi BwZnvm kxlK eB I


gZje `wY DcRjvi gywhvv`i mv_ mvvrKvi)

2) bvM`v hy :

hyi eYbv :
1) jvjvinvU hy :
K) vb

: jvjvinvU|
125

K) vb

: bvM`v|

L) BDwbqb

: Lv`iMuvI|
126

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi,
gZje `wY

M) _vbv

: gZje `wY|

N) NUbvi weeiY
: 1971 mvji 9 wWm^i| gZje _vbv gy Aevq
nVvr Kzwgj-v _K cjvqbiZ cvK mbvi `j GjvKvq wj KiZ
KiZ XyK| G Lei gywevwnbxmn me Qwoq co Ges gywevwnbxi
Kgvvi wmivRyj Bmjvg eKvDj gywinvU GjvKv _K, Kgvvi mvB`yi
ingvb (iZb) enix GjvKv _K, wLw`icyi GjvKv _K Kgvvi
bvwQi Dwb cvUIqvix, GbvqZ bMi _K gvqvg Ges wgivgv _K
Kgvvi kvgQzj nK ZvjyK`vii bZZ gywevwnbx cvK nvbv`vi
evwnbxK Pviw`K _K AvgY Ki| cP Mvjvwji ga cvK
nvbv`vi mbviv wcQz nU Puv`cyii w`K cvwjq hvIqvi Pv Kvj
mKjB NivI nb Ges gyywhvv`i nvZ AvUK nb| G hy
gywhvv Rwmg Dwb Zcv`vi AvnZ nb Ges gywhvv mnhvMx
AvwRRyi ingvb (bvM`v) knx` nb| wKQz mbv AvUK nb| `yRb wbnZ
nb| hyKvj Hw`bB GKwU wegvb GLvb Avmvi ci evBkcyi wegvbwU
f~cvwZZ nq Ges cvBjU wbnZ nq| fviZxq `ywU Uvs&K evwjKvw`
wgqvwR evwo Lvjcvo Avm Avi AvMvZ cviwb| ci diZ hvq|
(bvM`v hyi AvMi w`b meZ 8 wWm^i co ejv cUzqvLvwj nZ
GKwU j w`q Dj-LhvMmsLK cvK mbv XvKvi Dk hvwQj|
Pvu`cyii mdigvwj Mvgi cvk Avmv gv evsjv`k wegvb ev
wgevwnbxi wegvb nZ wj elY kyi nq| ZLb ji PvjK jwUK
cvki Pi wfovq| Lei cq gyxinvU Kv _K gywhvviv wMq
kZvwaK mbvm`mK RxweZ Aevq AvUK Ki Gb gyxinvU DP
we`vjq ivL| ciiw`b gyxinvUi RbMY cvKmbv`i `LZ fxo
Ki Ges cvK mbv`i gi djvi Rb DZ nq| ci `yZ Zv`i
mwiq Pvu`cyi wbq hvIqv nq|)

127

128

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi,
gZje `wY

3) b`jvjcyi evRvi hy :
K) vb

: b`jvjcyi|

L) BDwbqb

: Bmjvgvev`|

M) _vbv

: gZje|

N) NUbvi weeiY
: 1971 mvji AvMi 2q mvn cvK mbv`i
MwZwewa mK gyw evwnbxi Piiv Lei cvq h, cvwKvbx nvbv`vi
evwnbxi GKwU `j b`jvjcyi evRvi AvgY Kie Ges 12 AvM
nvbv`vi evwnbx b`jvjcyi evRvi AvgY Ki Ges AbK `vKvbcvU
Rvwjq `q| G mgq 12 AvM mKvj 10Uvq GK`j gywhvv cvK
mbv`i Dci AvgY Ki| mvivw`b hyi ci cvK mbv`j b`xc_
cvjvbvi Pv Kvj GK cvK mbv e`x nq Ges 3 Rb wbnZ nq| G
hyi ci gywevwnbxi gbvej Pvv nq DV Ges H GjvKv m~Y
wbivc` I k gy ivLv nq| gNbv Aji m`i `i AewZ
_vKvq KkjMZ KviY H GjvKv iZc~Y wQj|

4) GLjvQcyi-AvgevM hy :
K) vb

: GLjvQcyi|

L) BDwbqb

: GLjvQcyi

M) _vbv

: gZje|

N) NUbvi weeiY
: 1971 mvji m^i gvmi c_gw`K
gywevwnbxi b-Kgvvi mwjg Lvbi bZZ 5 m`mi b-Kgvv
`j cvK mbv`i 2wU gvjevnx RvnvR AvgY Pvjvq| ivZ AvbygvwbK
3 NwUKvq gywhvv`i AvgYi gyL RvnvR `ywU gNbv Mf Zwjq
129

hvq| Zwjq hvIqv RvnvRwji bvg Gg.wf Mdzi I Gg.wf mvenvb|


D hy cvKevwnbxi AviK KvMv RvnvR Gg.wf gvmy` gywhvv`i
`Lj Pj Avm| H RvnvR cPzi Lv` mvgMxmn bvbv wbZ cqvRbxq
`e wQj hv gywhvv`i `bw`b cqvRb wgwUqQ|

5) Kvjxi evRvi hy :
K) vb

: Kvjxi evRvi|

L) BDwbqb

: evMvb evwo|

M) _vbv

: gZje Di|

N) NUbvi weeiY
: 1971 mvji 22 m^i `ycyi 12Uvq
gywevwnbxi Rvqvbiv Rxeb evwR iL Kvjxi evRvii A`~i cvK
mbv`i `vD`Kvw`i Dk cvVvbv A evSvB RvnvR nVvr AvgY
Ki| G AvKwK AvgY cvK mbv`j nZf^ nq RvnvR dj
b`xc_ cvwjq hZ eva nq| G hy gywhvv`i enbKvix ji
mvis byij Bmjvg (bexcyi) knx` nb| gywhvviv cPzi Ammn
RvnvRwUi `Lj wbZ mg nb| ci gywhvviv G RvnvRwU eenvi
KiZ| bZZ Kwei Lvb wQjb|

6) GbvqZ bMi-wmcvBKvw` hy :
K) vb

: GbvqZ bMi-wmcvBKvw` Mvg|


130

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi,
gZje `wY

L) BDwbqb

: dZcyi (c~e)

M) _vbv

: gZje Di|

N) NUbvi weeiY
: 1971 mvji m^i gvmi kli w`K cvK
mbv`i GKwU `j MvbevU mn GbvqZbMi-wmcvBKvw` Mvg AvgY
Ki Ges Avb Rvwjq `q| gywevwnbxi Kgvvi byij Bmjvgi
bZZ cvK mbv`i Dci AvgY Kib| G mgq wbR`i Aev
eMwZK `L gywhvviv wcQz nU hvq Ges myhvMi Acvq _vK|
BZvga msev` cq myRvZcyi Kv _K GK`j gywevwnbxi
m`miv Gm NUbvj cuQ hvq| G Lei cq byij Bmjvgi
bZZ AevbiZ gywevwnbxi `j Ges Gg.G Iqv`y`i `j wZb w`K
_K AvgY Ki| AbKY Mvjvwji ci cvK mbv`j b-c_
cvwjq hvq| G hy GKRb cvK mbv wbnZ Ges wZbRb AvnZ nq|
Ze Kvb gywhvv nZvnZ nqwb| Ze nvbv`vi evwnbxi wjZ
gmwR`i 1 Rb Cgvg knx` nb|

131

132

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi,
gZje `wY

7) gZje-`vD`Kvw` eWvi : Mvqvjgvix hy :

L) BDwbqb

: gvnbcyi|
: gZje|

K) vb

: Mvqvjgvix GjvKv|

M) _vbv

L) BDwbqb

: Mvqvjgvix|

M) _vbv

: `vD`Kvw`|

N) NUbvi weeiY
: 1971 mvji 20 bf^i gZje _vbv m`i
(eZgvb gZje `wY _vbv m`i) _K 20 wKjvwgUvi Di-cwg
gvnbcyi BDwbqbi bvwQivKvw` Mvgi wbKU gNbv b`xZ gywevwnbxi
Kgvvi Ave`yi iei bZZ gywhvv`i mv_ cvK nvbv`vi evwnbxi
myL hy nq| hy 7 Rb cvK mbv aiv co Ges gywhvv`i
AvgY cvK mbv`i eeZ wjwj bvgi hy RvnvR Wye hvq|

N) NUbvi weeiY
: Mvqvjgvix GjvKvq AevbiZ gywevwnbxi
m`miv C`i Avb` AskMnYi cw ZKvj cvK mbvi `j myhvM
eyS AvgY Pvjvq| Lei cq cii w`b gywhvv Kgvvi Gg.G
Iqv`y` I MRvwiqv _K AvMZ Kgvvi dRjyi ingvb dRjyi h_
bZZ Pviw`K _K cvK mbv`i AvgY Kiv nq| 20 bf^i
kwbevi C`i w`b fvi 6Uv _K weiwZnxbfve ivZ 9Uv ch gyw
evwnbxi mv_ cvK mbv`i evcK hy nq| G hy wLw`icyi Kv
_K 8 Rb AskMnY Ki, ewkiDj-vn, Rvnvxi miKvi, nvwjg
cvUvqvix, byij nK gav, Rvwn`yj nK mKvj AvbygvwbK 10Uvq iIqvbv
nq 11Uvq cxQ AskMnY Ki| cP MvjvwjZ gywhvv ij
Avwgb (`vD`Kvw`) NUbvj knx` nb| ZuvK euvPvZ wMq gywhvv
Gg. G Iqv`y` iZifve AvnZ nb| gywhvv`i Amxg
mvnwmKZvc~Y myL hy cvq 120 Rb cvK mbv wbnZ nq Ges gRi
Avj-Avwgbmn 154 Rb cvK mbv aiv co| G hy kvncyii
(ZvZLvb) gwbivgvb AskMnY Kib| G hy gywhvv byij
Bmjvg I kvgQzj nK mn 7 Rb knx` nb Ges Kgvvi Gg. G
Iqv`y`mn 17 Rb gywhvv gvivZKfve AvnZ nb| G hyi ga
w`q gZje `wY ci GjvKv Qvov evKx Ask, `vD`Kvw`, MRvwiqv,
KPzqv I nvRxMi Divj m~Y gy nq|

K) vb

: gvnbcyi|

L) BDwbqb

: gvnbcyi|

M) _vbv

: gZje Di|

N) NUbvi weeiY
: 1971 mvji 8 wWm^i Puv`cyi _K AvMZ cvK
mbv evwnbxi `j b`x c_ cvjvbvi mgq gvnbcyi KvQ cuQZB
Kgvvi Avt iei bZZ cvK nvbv`vi evwnbxi mv_ myL hy wj
nq| cP Mvjvwji gyL GK chvq wg evwnbxi wegvb AvgY cvK
mbv`j chy` nq| nvbv`vi evwnbxi Pvu`cyi Aji cavb Kgvvi
gRi Rbvij iwng AvnZ nq Ges DviKvix GKwU nwjKvi
cvwjq hZ mg nq| G hy kZvwaK cvK mbv aiv co hv`iK
wbwcyi Kv AvUK ivLv nq| cieZxZ aZ nvbv`vi`iK wg
evwnbxi nvZ nvi Kiv nq|
10) Kvwjcyi Pi hy :

8) bvwQivKvw` hy :
K) vb

9) gvnbcyi gNbv hy :

: bvwQivKvw` GjvKv|
133

K) vb

: Kvwjcyi Pi|
134

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi,
gZje `wY

L) BDwbqb

: mv`yjvcyi|

M) _vbv

: gZje|

N) NUbvi weeiY
: 1971 mvji 8 wWm^i| Pviw`K hy PjQ|
nVvr cvK evwnbxi 3wU Mvb evU Amn lvUbji A`~i Kvwjcyi Pi
AvmZB 100 Rb gywevwnbxi GKwU `j gywhvv Kgvvi nvdR
gvnv` Avjxi bZZ AvgY Ki| Zzgyj Mvjvwji ga wg
evwnbxi nVvr wegvb AvgY cvK nvbv`vi evwnbxi GKwU MvbevU A
I mbmn Wye hvq| evKx 2wU MvbevU Pi AvUKv co hvq Ges
gywevwnbxi mv_ ivZ 8Uv ch hy Pj| GK chvq XvKv _K Avmv
DviKvix MvbevU A djB nvbv`viiv cvwjq hvq| nvbv`vi
mbv`i dj ivLv wecyj cwigvY A-m gyw evwnbxi `Lj Avm|

135

136

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi,
gZje `wY

mgvwa
1) knx` gywhvv iyj Avwgb

gZjei AnsKvi, weRq fvh `x evsjv

K) vb

: nwiYv|

L) BDwbqb

: `~Mvcyi|

M) _vbv

: gZje Di|

N) NUbvi weeiY
: 1971 mvji 20 bf^i `vD`Kvw` _vbvi
Mvqvjgvwi Mvg msNwUZ cvK mbv`i mv_ myL hy wbnZ knx`
gywhvv ij Avwgbi mgvwaj gZje Di _vbvi 5bs `~Mvcyi
BDwbqbi nwiYv Mvg iqQ| D mgvwaj gZje Di _vbvi m`i
_K 15 wK. wg. Di gZje ejZjx ivvi cvk AewZ|

2) knx` AvwRRyi ingvb :


K) vb

: bIMuv

L) BDwbqb

: gZje Di|

M) _vbv

: gZje|

N) NUbvi weeiY
: 1971 mvji 9 wWm^i gZje _vbvi bvM`v bvgK
vb msNwUZ cvK mbv`i mv_ myL hy gywhvv mnhvMx bIMuv
Mvgi AvwRRyi ingvb knx` nb| D knx` AvwRRyi ingvbK bIMuvq
mgvwa Kiv nq|
(m~: gywhy welq Pvu`cyi Rjv ckvmb KZK cKvwkZe GKwU eB I gZje
`wY DcRjvi gywhvv`i mv_ mvvrKvi)
137

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176

gvmy` wgqv

271
260

9487

kvnRvnvb
wgqv

Bw`m wgqv

imyjcyi

cqvjx
272

261

9526

dRjyj nK

Avwgi
nvmb

Mvwe`cyi

9527

Aveyj evkvi

AvmgZ
Avjx gj

evKov

Pvbe KvRx

gvnvg&g`
bvivqYcyi
nvmb KvRx

bvivqYcyi

263

12063
264

265
266

14411
14436

kvnRvnvb
cvUvqvix
Aveyj Kvjvg
cvUvqvix

ggZvRDxb
Kie`
cvUvqvix
Avnvgg&`
Avjx
cvUvqvix

gwdRyj
Bmjvg

Zvive Avjx
MvRx

Di
`xNj`x

ei`xqv

Avyj gvgb

AvKivg
`vwi`v
Avjx cvvi imyjcyi

cqvjx

1067

`jvqvi
nvmb

Dg` ivRv

Kie`

gnvgvqv

Avyj nvwKg Nvovavix

wmivRDxb

Kwdj
D`&`xb

277

1889

Zvni wgqv

byi wgqv

Kie`

gnvgvqv

175

Mvwe`cyi

278

2095

nvweeyj-v

KwdjDxb

evoMvI

bvivqYcyi

501

AvPjwQjv
276

Avey Zvni

446

gnvgvqv
275

Picqvjx

367

gvvievRvi
274

12061

gnvgvqv

gvvievRvi
273

262

Kie`

AvosevRvi
gvvievRvi

176

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi,
gZje `wY

279

280

281

282

283

2918

Gg myiR
wgqv

Avyj
Kv`i cavb

3580

ewkiDj-vn
eKvDj

3718

Avjx Avkv`
cvUvqvix

3860

3942
1037

284

285

286

287

270

169

235

Di
Dg`x

divRxKvw`

288

Avng`Dj-v
evwjKvb&`x
eKvDj

evqvwjqv

289

jvj wgqv
cvUvqvix

KvwPqvi

wekvmcyi

dKij
Bmjvg

gvKm`
Avjx

wkecyi

Bw`m wgqv

dR`vi Lv

evKov

16

`jvqvi
nvmb

Avyj nvwKg wcsov

gvvievRvi

Avyj gvbvb

Rqbvj
Ave`xb

wWsMvfvsvMv

AvosevRvi

Dcv`x

evqvwjqv

290

6133

myjZvb Lvb

Avgxi Lvb

291

6316

byiBmjvg

Mvjvg Avjx cqvjx

cqvjx

gvnveyeyj nK

dRjyj nK
gRyg`vi

bIMvI

gabIMv

wmwKzi
ingvb

PicvZvwjqv

gZje

gZje

Avjxqvi
292

6836

gvvievRvi
293

wmivRyj
Bmjvg exi
weg

Avyj MwY

AvPjwmjv

AvPjwmjv

ev`kv wgqv

`ya wgqv
miKvi

i_evRvi,
gZje

gZje

Avyi ie

dRjyj nK
wgwR

w`Nj`x

gyxinvU

Iqvwn` Dj-v

Kz`iZ Dj-v
wgqv

w`Nj`x

gyxinvU

177

650

336

178

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi,
gZje `wY

Ges MYgvb ewi ga mymg^qi KvRwU mymsnZfve cvjb Kib DcRjv


wbevnx Awdmvi|

DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvii Kvhvejx

PZz_ Aavq : DcRjv ckvmbmn miKvii mKj wefvMxq Z_


DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvii Kvhvjq
DcRjv ckvmb MYcRvZx evsjv`k miKvii gvV chvqi iZc~Y
Ges HwZnevnx ckvmwbK i| GwU miKvwi ckvmbi mewbg i| DcRjv
wbevnx Awdmvi K`xq miKvii cwZwbwa wnme miKvi I RbMYi ga
mZzeb wnme KvR Kib| `ki K`xq eevcbv Z_v mKj gYvjq,
Awa`i, cwi`ii mv_ gvV chvq Z_v DcRjvi AvthvMvhvM I mg^qi
KvRwU Kib DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi| K`i mKj wb`kbvK gvV chvq
evevqb Kib DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi cPwjZ AvBb, wewa, cwic BZvw`
AbymiY Ki| miKvii MnxZ bxwZ gvV chvq evevqb I hveZxq Dbqbg~jK
KgKvi mg^q mvab DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvii cavb `vwqZ| GQvov vbxq
RbMYi Pvwn`v I mgmvejx miKvii `w MvPi Kiv Ges RbMYi `Lfvj
KivI DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvii `vwqZ| wZwb ZYg~j RbMYi meK Ges
AbZg ^v_msiK|
DcRjv ckvmbi KgKv cwiPvwjZ nq _vK wewfb wefvMi
gvag| DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi mKj KgKvi ga mg^q mvab Ki
_vKb| DcRjvZ wefvMxq KgKZvMY Zvu`i ^ ^ wefvMi g~j PvwjKv kw
wnme KvR Ki _vKb| wewfb wefvMi ga AvtwefvMxq mg^qi KvRmg~n
DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi Ki _vKb| DcRjvi mvweK Z`viwK, AvBbkLjv
iv I Dbqbg~jK Kvhgi evevqb, miKvwi KgKZv, wbevwPZ RbcwZwbwa
179

1. vbxq miKvi I K`xq miKvii cwZwbwa wnme miKvii hveZxq


bxwZ wbaviYx Kvhg evevqb Kiv|
2. DcRjvi Dbqb Kgm~Px cYqb I evevqb Kiv|
3. DcRjvq AewZ wewfb wefvMi ga mg^q mvab Ki DcRjvi
hveZxq Dbqbg~jK KgKv cwiPvjbv Kiv I evevqb Kiv|
4. DcRjv wbevnx gvwRU wnme `vwqZ cvjb Kiv|
5. DcRjvi hveZxq Dbqb I ckvmwbK KvR Z`viwK Kiv|
6. BDwbqb cwil`mg~ni wewfb Dbqbg~jK Kvhg Z`viwK Kiv|
7. DcRjvi RbmvaviYi mev wbwZ Kiv|
8. MvgxY AeKvVvgv iYveY I msvii Rb wewfb cK MnY I
evevqb Kiv|
9. cvKwZK `~hvM, Liv, ebv, N~wYSo, mvBKvb, gnvgvix mgqKvjxb
GjvKvq vY Kvh cwiPvjbv|
10. DcRjvi mvweK AvBb-kLjv iv Kiv|
11. miKvwi mw iYveY I Aea `Ljgy Kiv|
12. Lvm, AwcZ, cwiZ, IqvKd I `evi mwi iYveY|
13. Riix cqvRb 144 aviv Rvix Kiv|
14. DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvii Kvhvjqi Kvhg msv hveZxq Z_
mieivn Kiv|
15. wewfb cvewjK cixv cwiPvjbv Kiv|
16. nvU-evRvi I Rjgnvj eevcbv Kiv|
17. vbxq RbMYi AwfhvM I Avcw keY Kiv I mgvavb `qv|
180

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi,
gZje `wY

18. f~wgnxb`i ga Lvm Rwg e`ve c`vb Kiv|


19. Uv, Uvj, LvRbv BZvw` ivR^ Av`vq Kiv|
20. DaZb ivxq KgKZv`i cUvKj c`vb Kiv|
21. gv`K, PvivPvjvb, evj weevn, hZzK wbiva BZvw` Kvhg cwiPvjbv
Kiv|
22. gvevBj KvU cwiPvjbv Kiv|
23. miKvwi cvIbv Av`vqi Rb mvwUwdKU gvgjv cwiPvjbv Kiv|
24. miKvii bxwZ wbaviYx wmv I AvBbKvbyb evevqb Kiv|
25. RvZxq I ivxq w`emg~n h_vh_fve cvjb Kiv|
26. vbxq Ges RvZxq wbevPb cwiPvjbv Kiv|
27. evwlK Dbqb Kgm~Pxi AvIZvq ivvNvU, mZz, KvjfvU, gmwR`, gw`i,
wkv cwZvb BZvw`Z Dbqbg~jK Kvhg cwiPvjbv Kiv|
28. Rvjvbx, we`yr, cvwb mieivn wbwZ Kiv|
29. cv_wgK I gvawgK wkvi gvbvbqb cqvRbxq c`c MnY Kiv|
30. Rjv ckvmKi gvag miKvii wbKU wewfb wicvU wiUvY c`vb Kiv|
31. gywhvv fvZv, weaev fvZv, eq fvZv, cwZex fvZv, MfeZx fvZv
c`vb Kiv|
32. AmQj, Amnvq `wi``i ga wfwRGd, wfwRwW c`vb Kiv|
33. we cvbxq Rj mieivn Kiv|
34. BDwbqb cwil`i Kg `Zv g~jvqY Kiv|
35. wewfb wkv cwZvbi mfvcwZ wnme `vwqZ cvjb Kiv|
36. `dv`vi I gnj-v`vi`i eZb/fvZv c`vb Kiv|
37. AwfhvM evi AwfhvM Z` Ki eev MnY|
38. wewfb wkv cwZvb, BDwbqb cwil`, BDwbqb f~wg Awdm, BDAvBGmwm
cwi`kb Kiv|
GQvovI Gic AbK `vwqZ wZwb cvjb Ki _vKb|
ejv nq _vK h, GKRb DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi DcRjv chvqi cvq
3kiI ewk KwgwUZ mfvcwZi `vwqZ cvjb Ki _vKb| wbg wKQz KwgwUi
181

bvg Dj-L Kiv njv hjvZ DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi mfvcwZ wnme
`vwqZ cvjb Kib|
DcRjv chvqi KwgwUmg~n hLvb DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi mfvcwZZ Kib :
:

wefvM/

bs

Awdmi bvg

1|

wbevnx Awdm
(BD,Gb,I
Awdm)

KwgwUi bvg

1| DcRjv AvBb kLjv KwgwU|


2| DcRjv GbwRI mg^q KwgwU|
3| DcRjv vDUm& KwgwU|
4| DcRjv xov KwgwU|
5| DcRjv Kwl FY KwgwU|
6| MvgxY gwnjv Dbqb cK evevqb KwgwU|
7| DcRjv cK evevqb KwgwU|
8| DcRjv PvivPvjvb cwZiva KwgwU|
9| k Pqvigvb cyivi KwgwU|
10| PwK`vi wbqvM mycvwik KwgwU|
11| Bgvg gvqvwb KjvY Uv KwgwU|
12| DcRjv mvm I bvkKZv cwZiva KwgwU
13| DcRjv AvBwmwU KwgwU

182

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi,
gZje `wY

14| DcRjv Mvg Av`vjZ KwgwU

31| DcRjv Avkvqb cR evevqb Uvdvm|

15| DcRjv wUPvi I vd wmjKkb MW KwgwU|

32| DcRjv Kvvi wfjR Uvdvm KwgwU|

16| DcRjv RvZxq w`em D`hvcb KwgwU

3|

vY wefvM

17| DcRjv cyivZb gvjvgvj weq/wbjvg msv


KwgwU|

33| DcRjv MvgxY AeKvVvgv iYveY(wekl)


cK hvPvB evQvB KwgwU|
34| DcRjv MvgxY AeKvVvgv msvi (wekl)
cK hvPvB evQvB KwgwU |

18| DcRjv xov msv|

35| DcRjv 40 w`bi KgmRb Kgm~Px KwgwU|

19| DcRjv wkKjv GKvWwg|

36| mZz/KvjfvU cK cYqb I evevqb KwgwU|


2|

f~wg ivR^
ckvmb

20| DcRjv ivR^ mg^q KwgwU|


21| nvU-evRvi eevcbv KwgwU|

4|

cv_wgK wkv
wefvM

22| DcRjv Lvm Rwg eevcbv I e`ve


KwgwU|

40| DcRjv cv_wgK ew cixv cwiPvjbv KwgwU|

24| DcRjv Avevmb KwgwU|

41| DcRjv wk cyivi cwZhvwMZv KwgwU|

25| DcRjv gywhvv hvPvB evQvB KwgwU|

42| DcRjv mgvcbx cixv KwgwU|

26| DcRjv wewbgq mw wbqwgZKiY KwgwU|

43| DcRjv mgvcbx (BeZ`vqx) cixv KwgwU|

27| Avevmb cK FY c`vb I Av`vq KwgwU|

29| DcRjv Av`k Mvg Uvdvm KwgwU|


30| DcRjv Avevmb cR evevqb Uvdvm|
183

38| DcRjv wkK c`vbwZ I UvBg j KwgwU|


39| DcRjv KwgDwbwU we`vjq wkK wbqvM
KwgwU|

23| DcRjv Rjgnvj eevcbv KwgwU|

28| BDwbqb cwil`i MvQ wbjvg weq KwgwU|

37| DcRjv eB weZiY KwgwU|

5|

Kwl wefvM

44| DcRjv mvi I exR gwbUwis KwgwU|


45| DcRjv RvZxq Kwl cyivi evQvB KwgwU|
46| DcRjv exR weZiY I exR msMn KwgwU|
184

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi,
gZje `wY

47| DcRjv mP KwgwU|

63| DcRjv mgvRKjvY cwil`|

48| DcRjv Kwl cybevmb evevqb KwgwU|

64| DcRjv cj-x gvZK`i gvag RvZxq


RbmsLv Kvhg welqK KwgwU|

49| DcRjv Kwl gjv KwgwU|

65| DcRjv `RwbZ KviY wZM `yt


ew`i wPwKrmv I Avw_K mnvqZv cK
evevqb KwgwU|

50| DcRjv Kwl hcvwZi g~j wbaviY KwgwU|


51| DcRjv djR e gjv KwgwU|
6|

hye Dbqb
wefvM

66| DcRjv MnvqY Kvhg Z`viKx I mg^q


KwgwU|

52| DcRjv hye Dbqb wefvM|


53| DcRjv Rjvkq BRviv KwgwU|

67| Kvive`x wk wKkvi gyw msv Uvdvm|

54| DcRjv hye FY Abygv`b KwgwU|

68| DcRjv hZzK wbiva KwgwU|

55| hye w`em D`hvcb KwgwU|

7|

mgvR mev
wefvM

56| hye msMVbi KgKv KwgwU|

69| GwmW ` gwnjv kvixwiK cwZex FY


evevqb KwgwU|

57| DcRjv bvkbvj mvwfm KwgwU|

70| DcRjv cwZex fvZv KwgwU|

58| DcRjv cj-x mgvRmev Kvhg evevqb


KwgwU|
59| DcRjv A^Qj gywhvv mvbx fvZv weZiY
KwgwU|
60| DcRjv eq fvZv weZiY KwgwU|
61| DcRjv weaev I ^vgx cwiZv fvZv weZiY
KwgwU|
62| DcRjv bvix I wk wbhvZb cwZiva KwgwU|
185

71| DcRjv KvwcUkb MvU KwgwU|


8|

gvawgK wkv
wefvM

72| DcRjv Dc`v KwgwU (Dcew)|


73| DcRjv gvawgK wkv KwgwU|
74| 6 I 8g kYxi cvK g~jvqY mgxv KwgwU|
75| DcRjv gvawgK Dcew c`vb GvWfvBRix
KwgwU|
76| wkv mvn D`hvcb KwgwU|
186

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi,
gZje `wY

77| RvZxq wkK w`em D`hvcb KwgwU|


78| DP we`vjqi kvLv hvPvB KwgwU|

93| DcRjv Gwfqvb dz cwZiva KwgwU|


11|

79| evwbK hcvwZ/ mvgMx I wkv DcKiY q


msv KwgwU|

wkv cKkj 94| DcRjv ebvq wZM wkv cwZvb msvi


wefvM
/cybevmb KwgwU|
95| DcRjv miKvii Dbqb evRUi AvIZvaxb
emiKvwi wkv cwZvb givgZ I msvi
KwgwU|

80| DcRjv cvVcyK weZiY I msiY KwgwU|


81| DcRjv cixv cwiPvjbv KwgwU|
82| DcRjv gwnjv nvj eevcbv KwgwU|

12|

Lv` wefvM

96| DcRjv Lv` msMn KwgwU|


97| DcRjv Lvjv evRvi Lv`km weq KwgwU|

83| gav hvPvB KwgwU|

98| DcRjv I Gg Gm wWjvi wbqvM KwgwU|


9|

cwievi
cwiKbv
wefvM

84| DcRjv RbmsLv wbqY KwgwU|

99| DcRjv `e g~j wbqY Uvdvm KwgwU|

85| DcRjv cwievi cwiKbv KwgwU|

100| AfixY Bwi, eviv msMn KwgwU|

86| cwievi cwiKbv K`i vb wbevPb KwgwU|

101| DcRjv dqvi cvBm KwgwU|

87| Gj AvB wc KwgwU|

102| DcRjv evRvi gwbUwis KwgwU|

88| WweD wUwm cwkYv_x wbevPb KwgwU|

103| DcRjv wWjvi wbqvM KwgwU|

89| cwievi cwiKbv k Kgx wbevPb KwgwU|

104| DcRjv k mgevq mwgwZ I mgevqx


wbevPb KwgwU|

90| cwievi cwiKbv w`em D`hvcb KwgwU|


10|

^v wefvM

91| DcRjv ^v I cwievi cwiKbv KgKZvi


KvRi mg^q KwgwU|
92| DcRjv ^vmev DbqY KwgwU|

187

13|

mgevq wefvM

105| RvZxq mgevq w`em D`hvcb KwgwU|


106| RvZxq mgevq cyivi wbevPb KwgwU|
107| DcRjv Mvg Dbqb mg^q KwgwU|
188

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi,
gZje `wY

14|

eb wefvM

108| DcRjv k mgevq mwgwZ I mgevqx


wbevPb KwgwU|

124| grm LvZ z` FY Kgm~Px evevqb KwgwU|

109| DcRjv e ivcY KwgwU|

126| ebv wbqY I mP cK Rjvkq Dbqb


msv KwgwU|

125| DcRjv GKzqv KvjPvi gvbRgU KwgwU|

110| eivcY RvZxq cyivi KwgwU|

127| grm digvwjb eenvi wbqY


MYmPZbZv ewmsv KwgwU|

111| eKZb KwgwU|


112| DcRjv eb welqK mg^q KwgwU|
15|

cwimsLvb
wefvM

128| SvUKv iv welqK DcRjv Uvdvm RvUKv


msiY I Rj`I weK Kgmsvb I
MelYv msv KwgwU|

113| DcRjv mvm KwgwU|


114| DcRjv Rwic KwgwU (cwimsLvb)|

129| wej bvmvix Kgm~Px welqK KwgwU|


16|

cj-x Dbqb
wefvM

115| DcRjv cj-x cMwZ cK KwgwU|


116| DcRjv gywhvv`i FY weZiY KwgwU|
117| GKwU evwo GKwU Lvgvi evevqb KwgwU|
118| gywhvv`i Rb FY ms&v KwgwU|
119| DcRjv RxweKv cK mg^q KwgwU|

17|

grm wefvM

120| DcRjv mvm KwgwU|


121| cvbv gvQ Aegy KwgwU|
122| mgw^Z Kvhgi gvag `vwi` wegvPb
KwgwU|
123| grm c D`hvcb KwgwU|
189

18|

c m`

130| DcRjv QvMj Drcv`b ewi gvag `vwi`


wegvPb Kgm~Px evevqY KwgwU|
131| DcRjv c m` cybevmb Kgm~Px evevqb
KwgwU|
132| c m` LvZ z` FY Kgm~Px evevqb
KwgwU|
133| c m` Dbqb Kvhg AvZKgmsvbi
gvag `vwi` `~ixKiY DcRjv KwgwU|
134| `y LvgviK BbmbwUf c`vb KwgwU|
135| c cvwLi Jla mieivn Kgm~Pxi evevqY
KwgwU|

190

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi,
gZje `wY

136| DcRjv ccvwL chyw vbvi KwgwU|

cKkj
Awa`i

137| DcRjv cvw dvg I WBix dvg


iwRkb KwgwU|

20|

cj-x
RxexKvqb
cK
gwnjv welqK
wefvM

149| DcRjv moK wbivcv KwgwU|


150| DcRjv b gvjvgvj wbwKiY KwgwU|

138| evW dz cybevmb KwgwU|


19|

Dbqb mg^q KwgwU|

151| DcRjv UKwbKvj mve-KwgwU|

139| cj-x RxexKvqb cK mg^q KwgwU|

152| DcRjv cK cwi`kb KwgwU|


153| DcRjv eK MvU KvAwWbkb KwgwU
(GjwRGmwc)|

140| DcRjv gwnjv KzwUi wk cwkY I Dc`v


KwgwU|

23|

Rb^v
wefvM

154| DcRjv mvwbUkb KwgwU|

Abvb KwgwU

156| DcRjv Bbvfkb KwgwU|

141| gwnjv`i AvZ-Kgmsvbi Rb z` FY


Kvhg evevqb KwgwU|

155| DcRjv AvmwbK wgwUMkb KwgwU

142| MfeZx gvqi Rb fvZv ms&v KwgwU|


143| DcRjv wfwRwW KwgwU|
144| DcRjv bvix wbhvZb mj msv KwgwU|
157| DcRjv cyw cK evevqb KwgwU|
145| DcRjv gwnjv Dbqb mg^q KwgwU|
158| DcRjv fvUvi AvBwW KvW cZ
KwgwU|
146| DcRjv AenwjZ gv I wk Dbqb Znwej
KwgwU|
21|

RvZxq gwnjv
msv

147| gwnjv`i AvZ-Kgmsvbi Rb z` FY


Kvhg evevqb KwgwU|

159| wewfb wbevPb/DcwbevPb DcRjv gwbUwis


KwgwU|
160| DcRjv mvfvi kb vcb Z`viKx KwgwU|
161| fvUvi AvBwW KvW mskvab DcRjv KwgwU|

22|

vbxq miKvi

148| DcRjv b-ZvwK RbMvxi Av_-mvgvwRK


191

192

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi,
gZje `wY

162| DcRjv MvQ wbjvg KwgwU|


163| DcRjv Lvm KvjKkb KwgwU|
164| Av BDwbqb dixNvU BRviv KwgwU|
165| exi gywhvv I knx` gywhvv`i ZvwjKv
hvPvB evQvB DcRjv KwgwU|
166| Kvive`x wk/wKkvi`i gywi j
DcRjv KwgwU|
167| BmjvwgK dvDkb DcRjv gwbUwis KwgwU
168| DcRjv jeb KwgwU|
169| DcRjv GbwRI I Abvb cwZvb Zveavb
KwgwU|
(m~- BDGbI Awdm, gZje `wY)

Kwl wefvM
cw_exi Avw`gZg RxweKv njv Kwl| Gi ewZg bq gNbv- abvMv`v weaZ
Puv`cyi Rjvi gZje DcRjv| GLvb KlKiv Zv`i cqvRb Ges Rwgi
cKwZi Dci wbfi Ki wewfb mgq Pvlvev` Ki AvmQ wewfb dmj| avb,
KvDb, Mgmn AbK iKgi dmj| eZgvb GLvb cavb dmjwj njv Avjy,
avb, fzv, Mg, kvK-mx| Ze GLvb dmji wZbwU gmygi (Lwic-1,Lwic-2
Ges iwe) ga iwe gmygB cavb gmyg| Ab `yB gmyg wKq`sk Pvlvev` nq
_vK| hvi AwaKvsk f~wg njv cjj f~wg| f~-c gNbv cvwb mPi cavb
Drm nQ Lvj, wej, b`x-bvjv, cyKzi cfwZ| Gi ga abvMv`v Ges gZje
LvjB Dj-LhvM|
193

eZgvb cavb dmj Mvj Avjyi Pvlvev` i nq bvDRvb| 1963 mvj kx


Aebx evey KZK Kzwgj-v nZ Avbv evgv RvZi Avjy w`q | cieZxZ njvi
Wvqg, gvv RvZ mshy Kib weGwWwmi gvag hv GB Aebx eveyiB KwZZ|
Zvi KvQ _K KvRx ejvqZ nvmb gav, myRvZ Avjx g^vi GivI Drmvnx
nq Pvlvev` i Kib| eZgvb Avjy Rwgi cwigvY 3,980 ni, hv _K
Drcvw`Z nq-84,670 gtUb Avjy| hv gZjei Pvwn`vi Pq wYi ekx|
gZje Avjy Pvli Awfbe cwZ kyi Kib gZjei Z`vwbb Kwl Awdmvi,
eni dwi`cyi Rjvi bwoqv DcRjvi evwm`v gyx Lwjjyi ingvb| gvwU nvZ
wbq cixv Ki ejjb, GLvbKvi gvwU Avjy Pvli Rb LyeB DchvMx| 1955
mvj 60 kZvsk RwgZ Avjy Pvl Ki 1800/2000 UvKv gybvdv Ki KlK|
gyxMi ci gZje DcRjvB `ki mePq Dj-LhvM Avjy Drcv`b I
weqK`| Avjy msiYi Rb GLvb 4wU Kv viR iqQ|
avbi DbZ RvZ AvB Avi-8 RvZi avb Pvlvev` i Kib 1963 mvj Wvt
Avt jwZd bvivqYcyi| Avi wZwbB weGwWwmi gvag BDwiqv mvi eenvi i
Kib 1963 mvj| eZgvb Avw` wKQz vbxq RvZ njv Kqiv, BRjx Lvgv,
KvZxK kvBj, KvjxKPv, AvPgwZqv, eUki, bvBov RUv. XvKkvBj, Mwoqvj
cfwZ |
DcRjvq Kwl eK gvU 21wU| gvU Avev`x Rwgi cwigvY 9,500 n&i| gvU
eo Pvlx cwievi 80 wU, gvSvix Pvlx 1721wU, z` Pvlx 10381wU, cvwK Pvlx
15294wU, eMvPvlx 12,020wU Ges f~wgnxb Pvlx cwievi 9550wU| mPKZ
GjvKv 6606 ni, mPhi msLv Mfxi bjK~c 16wU, AMfxi bjK~c 488wU,
GjGjwc 197wU, dvKkbvj cv 260wU, megvU 898wU| (m~- Kwlwe` Avey
Av`bvb, DcRjv Kwl Awdmvi)|
^v I cwievi cwiKbv wefvM
gZje (`t) DcRjv ^v Kgci hvv i nq PvwiUej wWmcbmvwi
wnme| Gi Aevb wQj eZgvb gZje R, we cvBjU nvB zji Awdm Ki
cwg 01(GK)wU wUbmW Ni| Avi GLb eZgvb ^v Kgc- hLvb,
194

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi,
gZje `wY

ILvb wQj zji Ljvi gvV| PvwiUej wWmcbmvwii vbwU wQj Rjv cwil`
_K ^v wefvMi bvg wjRKZ| ci 1964 mvj gZje zji cavb wkK
I mUvix Rbve IqvjxDj-v cvUIqvix mvne zj KwgwUi GK wmv
iRyjkb Ki zji 2.25 kZvsk Avi GBP wm (iivj nj&_ Kgc)-Gi
bvg iwRw Ki `b| eZgvb vb Avi GBP wm Mo DV| Gw`K
wWmcbmvixi RvqMv zji Aaxb Pj hvq| hZUzKz Rvbv hvq h, wWmcbmvwii
c_g dvgvwm wnmve jya~qv wbevwm gZt Rbve Avnmvb mvne c_g KvR Kib
Ges ci Avi GBP wm Z Wvt Avt ikx`, Gg, we, we, Gm, GLjvmcyi GLvb
gwWKj Awdmvi wnmve hvM`vb Kib| Zvici Wvt wRbvZ Avjx mvne
BDGBPGGdwcI wnme GLvb hvM`vb Kib|
BZvga gZje Dii GKRb KwZ mvb Wvt bvqve Avjx mvne (cvb
Aa XvKv gwWKvj KjR I c~e cvwKvbi mvRU Rbvij cieZxZ wZwb
g^vi Ae cwfwqvj Gm^jx)-Gi D`vM cwZwZ nq wmqvUv Kjiv
nvmcvZvj| GwU wQjv eZgvb nvmcvZvji c~e cvk (eZgvb fivUKZ cyKzi
wK ZLb fvmgvb RvnvR) hLvb Wvqwiqv wPwKrmv i nq| GK chvq Kjiv
nvmcvZvj ev wmqvUv, eZgvb ckvmwbK Awdmi GB GKZjv febwU eenvi
Ki wPwKrmv mev Pvwjq Avm| eZgvb nvmcvZvji `wY Aski `yZjv
febi `yZjv Ges gaLvbi wZbZjv febi bxPZjv Kjiv nvmcvZvj KZK
wbwgZ nq| eZgvb cavb mnKvix h ig emb mLvb Avevnvg bvg GKwU
IqvW Avi Kiv nq| chvqg PvwiUej wWmcbmvwii ic bq| ci _vbv
^v Kgc- Ges AvRKi DcRjv ^v Kgc-, gZje (`t), Puv`cyi G
cwiYZ nq| GiB ga Kjiv nvmcvZvj eZgvb AvB, wm, wW, wW, Avi, we
nvmcvZvj bvg wbR^ RvqMvq Pj hvq Ges gZje nj_ Kgc- Gi GK`g
`wY w`K GKwU BIwm cm~wZ mevi Rb wews Zix Kiv nq|
2001 mvj _K B, I, wm Kvhg i nq, myy I my`ifve | GLvb ZLb
wmRvwiqb eev Pvjy wQj| wK Wvvi bv _vKvi KviY 2010Bs mvj Gi
Kvhg e nq hvq| 2010Bs mvj 31 khv wewk nvmcvZvj Ges eZgvb
08/11/2010Bs ZvwiL _K 50 khvq DbxZ Kiv nq| hLvb GKRb
195

KvDvi w`q i AvR mLvb Gd, wm, wc, Gm KbmvjUU mn AvaywbK me


aiYi wPwKrmvi myhvM wbq nvmcvZvji Kvhg PjQ| (m~ : DcRjv ^v
I cwievi cwiKbv KgKZv, gZje)

gZje `wY _vbv


gZje _vbv 1886 mvj cwZwZ nq| BDwbqb wQj 22wU
Rbej wQj : 02 Rb Gm AvB, 02 Rb GGmAvB, 15 Rb Kbej|
1997 mb gZje _vbvK 02wU _vbvq icvwiZ Kiv nq| gZje `wY _vbv
(cyivZb _vbv), gZje Di _vbv (bZzb _vbv)|
eZgvb gZje `wY _vbvi Rbej wbgic
cywjk cwi`kK 02 Rb, 01 Rb Acvikb Ges ckvmb (Iwm), 01 Rb Z`
KgKZv, GmAvB 04 Rb, GGmAvB 04 Rb, Kbej 32 Rb|
gZje _vbvi AvBb kLjv ivq mvewYK AZ` cnix wnme wbvi mv_
f~wgKv iL hvQ gZje _vbv|
(m~ : gvt Rvnvxi Avjg, fvicv KgKZv, gZje `wY _vbv)

evsjv`k cj-x Dbqb evW


lvU `kKi gvSvgvwSZ Wvt AvKZvi nvwg` Lvbi bZZ `wY c~e Gwkqvq
cj-x Dbqbi mdj gWj wnme DvweZ Kywgj-v gWjK mviv`k
evevqbi `vwqZ wbq mii iZ chvqg cj-x Dbqb I `vwi`
wegvPbi j KvR i Ki evsjv`k cj-x Dbqb evW| ZrKvjxb
AvBAviwWwc 1982Bs mb nZ icvwiZ weAviwWwei g~j Kgm~Px (w-i
196

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi,
gZje `wY

mgevq) miKvii cwikxwjZ Dbqb Kkji mv_ mwZ iL Kwl cew ARb
Ges cj-xi `wi` gwnjv, wenxb, y` I cvwK KlK`i msMwVZ Ki Zv`iK
cvwZvwbK FY, cwkY wecYb Ges Kwl/mPchywMZ mnvqZv c`vbB
BDwmwmG wjt-Gi g~L Dk|
`ki 64 wU Rjvi 476 wU DcRjvq weAviwWwei Kvhg weZ| gZje
DcRjv K`xq mgevq mwgwZ wjt (gZje Di I `wY DcRjvq GK)
weAviwWwei AvIZvaxb 01/11/1968Bs mb nZ Kvhg i Ki| i nZ
KlK, wenxb, gwnjv mgevq mwgwZi gvag G ch miKvii I ckvmbi
mnvqZvq wbijmfve KvR Ki hvPQ|
g~j Kgm~Px eZxZ eZgvb Pjgvb cKmg~ni ga gwnjv Dbqb AbywefvM i
nq 1986 Bs nZ, cj-x Dbqb `vwi` wegvPb Kgm~Px (c`vweK) i nq
1993Bs nZ, cj-x cMwZ cK i nq 2003Bs nZ, A^Qj gywhvv I
Zv`i cvl`i AvZKgmsvb I cwkY Znwej Kgm~Px i nq 2004Bs nZ
Ges gvbbxq cavbgxi AMvwaKvi cKi AvIZvq GKwU evwo GKwU Lvgvi
cK i nq 2009-2010Bs A_ ermi nZ| cwZwU cKB wR, I, we-i
A_vqb cwiPvwjZ|
gZje BDwmwmG wjt Gi AvIZvq eZgvb iwRvW cv_wgK mgevq mwgwZ 309
wU-Z m`m msLv 12,228 Rb| m`mMYi kqvi mqi gvag g~jab MVb
nq 61.05 j UvKv| c`vweK cKi 94 wU AbvbyvwbK `ji 2859 Rb
m`mi g~jab MVb nq 36.73 j UvKv| cj-x cMwZ cKi 34 wU `ji
1079 Rb m`mi g~jab MVb nq 3.11 j UvKv Ges GKwU evwo GKwU Lvgvi
cKi 36 wU mwgwZi 2010 Rb m`mi g~jab MVb nq 42.10 j UvKv|
megvU 473wU mwgwZ/`ji 18176 Rb m`mi g~jab MVb nq 142.99 j
UvKv|

nPvwjZ bjKc c`vb, eivcY, DbZ Pzj-x, nvumgyiMxi wUKv c`vb,


Rb wbqY cwZ mvgMx weZiY Kiv nq|
A `i wewfb Kgm~Pxmn Abygvw`Z 40wU c`i ga eZgvb 28 Rb
KgKZv I KgPvix KgiZ AvQb| BDwmwmG-Z 12 m`mi eevcbv KwgwUi
cavb Pqvigvb| Pqvigvb, fvBm Pqvigvb mn 8wU c` mgevqx`i mivmwi
fvU cwZ 3 ermi Ai wbevPb nq Ges 4wU c` miKvwi cwZwbwa mgevq
wefvM KZK wbqvM `Iqv nq| (m~: ^cb P` egb, DcRjv cj-x Dbqb
KgKZv, weAviwWwe, gZje `wY, Pvu`cyi)

vbxq miKvi cKkj Awa`i


DcRjv cKkjxi Kvhvjq
A Kvhvjqi iZc~Y KvRmg~n :
1| cv_wgK we`vjqi AeKvVvgvMZ Dbqb|
2| GjwRBwWi AvIZvfz ivvNvU Dbqb|
3| DcRjv cwil`i evwlK Dbqb Kgm~Pxi AvIZvq wewfb Dbqb KgKv
evevqb KvwiMix I `vwiK mnhvwMZv c`vb|
4| DcRjv cwil`i ivR^ Znwej viv wewfb Dbqb KgKv evevqb
KvwiMix mnhvwMZv c`vb|

ZvQvov, GKwU evwo GKwU Lvgvi cK 384 Rb m`mi gvS m` weZiY


Kiv nq| mgevqx`i wewfb mgq cwkY c`vb Kiv nq| mgevqx`i gvS
197

198

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi,
gZje `wY

A DcRjvi wkvi YMZgvb I wkvi nvi Divi ew cqQ|


wbg DcRjv wkv ckvmb Ges cv_wgK wkv cwZvb msv Z_
mwbewkZ njv
DcRjv wkv Awdm msv Z_/weeiY (2013)

GjwRBwWi AvIZvfz ivvi cwigvY :


moKi
KvUvMix
DcRjv moK

gvU `N

41.32 wKt wgt

cvKv

39.08 wKt wgt

KuvPv

2.28 wKt wgt

BDwbqb moK

81.28 wKt wgt

50.03 wKt wgt

31.25 wKt wgt

Mvgxb moK
(G)

115.83 wKt wgt

14.81 wKt wgt

101.02 wKt wgt

Mvgxb moK
(we)

73.80 wKt wgt

megvU

312.00 wKt wgt

2.48 wKt wgt

106.40 wKt wgt

71.32 wKt wgt

DcRjv cwZvi mb

DcRjv wkv Awdmvi c`msLv

01 wU

mnKvwi DcRjv wkv Awdmvi c` msLv

11 wU

1984wL:

DcRjv wkv Awdm wbqYvaxb we`vjqi Z_

miKvwi cv_wgK we`vjq msLv

108 wU

gWj miKvwi cv_wgK we`vjq msLv

01 wU

Dcew Pvjy iqQ Ggb miKvwi cv_wgK we`vjq


msLv

01 wU

c_g _K cg kwY ch wkv_xi msLv

30,710
Rb

eZgvb fwZi nvi (2013 mb)

99.94%

miKvwi cv_wgK we`vjqi cavb wkK c` msLv

109 wU

miKvwi cv_wgK we`vjqi mnKvwi wkK c` msLv

485 wU

205.83 wKt wgt

(m~ : DcRjv cKkjxi Kvhvjq, gZje `wY)

cv_wgK wkv
Avgiv Rvwb wkv RvwZi gi`| cvi, h RvwZ hZ ewk
wkwZ, m RvwZ ZZ ewk DbZ| UKmB Dbqbi Rb wkvi weK
bB| gZje `wY wkv mgmvi wecixZ mvebv, mvdj I
AMMwZI iqQ| Z`ycwi gZje `wY DcRjv cwZvi ci _KB
Gi wkv ckvmb AZ `Zvi mv_B cwiPvwjZ nq AvmQ| dj
199

msLv

mnhvMx cwZvbmg~n
200

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi,
gZje `wY

01 wU

DcRjv wimvm mUvii msLv


Abvb wkv cwZvb

2.

kxew` mi. cv_. we`v.

1928

3.

`Micyi mi. cv_. we`v.

1937

evK KZK cwiPvwjZ cv_wgK we`vjq msLv

18 wU

4.

gZje gWj m. cv_. we`v.

1926

evK KZK cwiPvwjZ cvK-cv_wgK we`vjq msLv

18 wU

5.

eveyicvov mi.cv_.we`v.

1939

gmwR`wfwK MYwkv I cvK-cv_wgK we`vjq


msLv

52 wU

6.

c.evBkcyi mi.cv_.we`v.

1939

gw`iwfwK MYwkv I cvK-cv_wgK we`vjq msLv

11 wU

7.

beKjm mi.cv_.we`v.

1941

iwRkb cv emiKvwi cv_wgK we`vjq msLv


(Av`k zj, gZje)

01 wU

8.

PigyKzw` mi.cv_.we`v.

1939

wKvi MvUb cv_wgK we`vjq msLv

26 wU

9.

kvfbKiw` mi.cv_.we`v.

1973

10. XvwKiMuvI mi.cv_.we`v.


miKvwi cv_wgK we`vjqi bvg I cwZvi mvj

11.

1855-58 wLv mvKj zj c_v cewZZ nq| ZLb nvRxM GKwU zj


cwZv njI gZje Gg B zj bvg GKwU we`vjq cwZwZ nq 1877 mvj hv
eZgvb gZje gWj miKvwi cvBgvix zj bvg cwiwPZ|
:
bs
1.

we`vjqi bvg

cwZvi mvj

c~e evBkcyi mi. cv_. we`vjq

1957

ge

12.
13.
14.
15.
16.

201

1965

ga w`Nj`x mi.cv_.we`v.

1948

`.w`Nj`x mi.cv_.we`v.

1968

gywinvU mi.cv_.we`v.

1934

evqvwjqv mi.cv_.we`v.

1917

eiw`qv mi.cv_.we`v.

1939

w`Nj`x mi.cv_.we`v.

1935
202

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi,
gZje `wY

17. jvKwkecyi mi.cv_.we`v.

1970

32. `. cqvjx mi.cv_.we`v.

1973

18. eKPi mi.cv_.we`v.

1972

33. cqvjx mi.cv_.we`v.

1929

19. cqvixLvjv mi.cv.we`v.

1970

34. PviUfvv mi.cv_.we`v.

1969

20. b`xLvjv mi.cv_.we`v.

1961

35. evoMuvI mi.cv_.we`v.

1970

21. KvwPqviv mi.cv_.we`v.

1932

36. bvUkvj mi.cv_.we`v.

1935

22. Zzlcyi mi.cv_.we`v.

1929

37. imyjcyi mi.cv_.we`v.

1939

23. Avaviv mi.cv_.we`v.

1934

38. bvivqYcyi mi.cv_.we`v.

1906

24. eviMuvI mi.cv_.we`v.

1936

39. Kvwkgcyi mi.cv_.we`v.

1917

25. gnviY mi.cv_.we`v.

1929

40. KvwjKvcyi mi.cv_.we`v.

1940

Mvwe`cyi mi.cv_.we`v.

1939

`.`jZcyi mi.cv.we`v.

1973

cywUqv mi.cv_.we`v.

1939

Lv`iMuvI mi.cv_.we`v.

1957

bvM`v mi.cv_.we`v.

1939

wNjvZjx mi.cv_.we`v.

1939

26.
27.
28.
29.
30.
31.

Avwkbcyi mi.cv_.we`v.

1957

bvivqYcyi D.mi.cv_.we`v.

1939

bvqiMuvI mi.cv_.we`v.

1957

Nvovavix mi.cv_.we`v.

1939

wLw`icyi mi.cv_.we`v.

1939

D.`jZcyi mi.cv_.we`v.

1973
203

41.
42.
43.
44.
45.
46.

204

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi,
gZje `wY

47. jvgPix mi.cv_.we`v.

1939

62. evKiv mi.cv_.we`v.

1914

48. bIMuvI evwjKv m.cv_.we.

1914

63. Kie` mi.cv_.we`v.

1939

49. jRvKvw` mi.cv_.we`v.

1968

64. Dcv`x wk g. m.cv_.we`v.

1972

50. enix mi.cv_.we`v.

1926

65. bvDRvb mi: cv_: we:

1971

51. AvuPjwQjv mi.cv_.we`v.

1920

66. KwP KuvPv mi: cv_: we:

1976

52. bIMuvI mi.cv_.we`v.

1910

67. Piwbjx mi: cv_: we:

1973

53. wWvfvv mi.cv_.we`v.

1910

cwg w`Nj`x Lvik` Aviv mi:


68. cv: we:

1984

54. Dcv`x mi.cv_.we`v.

1945

55. ga bIMuvI mi.cv_.we`v.

1922

`.Nvovavix mi.cv_.we`v.

1973

c~e ajvBZjx m.cv.we`v.

1962

56.
57.
58.
59.
60.
61.

c~e evKiv mi.cv_.we`v.

1958

ajvBZjx mi.cv_.we`v.

1937

Nvovavix mi.cv_.we`v.

1909

wcsov mi.cv_.we`v.

1933
205

69.

`~iMuvI mi: cv_: we:

1980

70. bjyqv mi: cv_: we:

1972

71. KvwRqviv mi: cv_: we:

1972

72. Di KvwjKvcyi mi: cv_: we:

1971

73. Picqvjx mi: cv_: we:

1978

74. c`yqv mi: cv_: we:

1972

75. cwg bvM`v mi: cv_: we:

1973

206

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi,
gZje `wY

76. `: bvivqYcyi mi: cv: we:

1968

77. Di enix mi: cv: we:

1977

78. gvQzqvLvj mi: cv: we:

1975

79. KvUive` mi: cv: we:

1972

80. Di wWvfvv mi: cv: we:

1987

81. Mvwe`cyi mi: cv: we:

1985

82. wekvmcyi mi: cv: we:

1975

c~e evoMuvI (w`wNicvo) mi: cv:


83. we:

1980

84. kvncyi mi: cv: we:

1990

WvwUKviv knx` wRqv wZ mi:


89. cv: we:

1991

bqvKvw` knx` wRqvDi ingvb


90. mi: cv: we:

1991

Di bIMuvI knx` wRqv wZ mi:


91. cv: we:

1991

Di evKiv knx` wRqv wZ mi:


92. cv: we:

1991

cwg AvPjwQjv knx` wRqv mi:


93. cv: we:

1991

Di AvPjwQjv knx` wRqvDi


94. ingvb mi: cv: we:

1991

1991

cwg Avwkbcyi knx` wRqvDi


85. ingvb mi: cv: we:

1986

Di wWsMv fvsMv knx` wRqvDi


95. mi: cv: we:

1985

cjcvov knx` wRqvDi ingvb


96. mi: cv: we:

1991

KvwjqvBk dRi Avjx miKvi mi:


86. cv: we:

1990

Pi evBkcyi knx` wRqv mi: cv:


97. we:

1991

cwg gveviKw` knx` wRqv wZ


87. mi: cv: we:

1991

fvbyicvo knx` wRqv wZ mi:


98. cv: we:

1991

gveviKw` knx` wRqv mi: cv: we:

88.

207

208

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi,
gZje `wY

99. Mveyqv mi: cv: we:

1991

ga evKiv knx` wRqvDi ingvb


100. mi: cv: we:

1991

101.
102.

cvUb knx` wRqv wZ mi: cv: we:

1991

e`icyi mi: cv: we:

1974

`wY wLw`icyi knx` wRqvDi


103. ingvb mi: cv: we:

1991

Kvwkgcyi knx` wRqvDi ingvb


104. mi: cv: we:

1991

jxcyi knx` wRqv wZ mi: cv:


105. we:

1991

Nvbv Iqvwmg Dwb mi: cv: we:

2000

`t evBkcyi mi: cv: we:

1996

ga wcsov mi: cv: we:

1971

`: eviMuvI mi: cv: we:

1991

106.
107.
108.
109.

(m~ : kvgxg Avng`, DcRjv wkv Awdmvi, gZje `wY)

209

210

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi,
gZje `wY

gZje `wY gvawgK wkv


gZje `wY AZ mg GKwU DcRjv Ges GLvb eZgvb 25 wU miKvwi
Aby`vbcv gvawgK we`vjq, miKvwi Aby`vbwenxb 5 wU wbggvawgK we`vjq,
16 wU `vwLj ev Z`va chvqi gv`vmv iqQ hLvb gvawgK chvqi
jLvcov Kivbv nq| 2013 mvj gvawgK chvq GB DcRjvq gvU wkv_x
msLv 20938 Rb| RbmsLv AbycvZ gvawgK chvq AaqbiZ wkv_x msLv
mvlRbK| GKB mv_ GK_vI cgvwYZ h, AwffveKMY Zv`i Qjgq`i
wkvi myhvM w`Z Kvcb KiQb bv| wK ck nj gvb mZ wkv `qv nQ
wKbv? gvbmZ wkvi gvcKvwV hw` aiv nq meRbwew`Z ^bvgab cwZvb
DP wkv_ fwZ nIqv wKsev Rxeb KvwZ chvq cwZv cvIqv, m
MZ 5 (cuvP) eQii cwimsLvb weePbv Kij nZvk nZ ne| A_P GB
gZjeB GKmgq `k eiY KwZZavix wkv_xi hvMvb`vZv wnme mycwiwPZ
wQj| GB gZjei wkv_xivB GKmgq evsjv`ki eiY ewZ nq DVQb|
wK GB wP AvR Avi eZgvb bq, BwZnvm | gZjei mB myw`b wdwiq
AvbZ wkvi gvb wdwiq Avbvi Awfcvq wkK, AwffveKmn mswk mKjK
GKhvM KvR KiZ ne - ZeB gZje Avevi Zvi ^Kxq ghv`vq mgvmxb
ne|
bs

KjRi bvg

01

gZje wWMx KjR

02

iqgbb bQv gwnjv


wWMx KjR

cwZvi
mb

cwZvZvi bvg

1964

1| Rbve byij Kvw`i Lvb,


Gm,wW,I (2) Rbve IqvjxDj-vn
cvUIqvix, cavb wkK, gZje R
we cvBjU DP we`vjq|

1994

AvjnvR wMqvm Dwb Avn`

211

03

bvivqYcyi wWMx
KjR

1993

Rbve Kvgij Gn&mvb kvw

04

gywinvU KjR

1995

1| Rbve dRjyj nK, 2| Rbve Gg


G nvwjg miKvi, 3| Rbve KvRx
myjZvb Avn`, 4| Rbve GWt
Bw`m Lvb, 5| Rbve GWt mvjvgZ
Djvn, 6| Rbve GWt wmivRyj
Bmjvg nvRiv

:
bs

gvawgK we`vjq

cwZvi
mb

01

eiw`qv KvRx myjZvb


DP we`vjq

1915

Kvwkgcyi cyib DP
we`vjq

1916

02

cwZvZvi bvg
1| kx RvbKx bv_ gRyg`vi,
2| Rbve KvRx myjZvb Avn`
1| kx Mv `vm PeZx,
2| kx RqKzgvi gRyg`vi
3| kx kxk P` f~

03

gZjeM R we
cvBjU DP we`vjq

1917

1| Rwg`vi RMez mvnv, wekbv_


Nvl|

04

evqvwjqv DP
we`vjq

1917

Rwg`vi jwjZ gvnb ivq Payix

05

enix DP we`vjq

1926

1| Rbve KvwRgywb KvRx


2| gvnv` Avgxi KvRx
3| Avn` KvRx

06

gyxinvU DP
we`vjq

1934

Rbve gv: Zvdvj nvmb


cavbxqv

07

evqvwjqv evwjKv

1938

kx wPib ivq Payix

212

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi,
gZje `wY

DP we`vjq

eMg DP we`vjq

08

Avwkbcyi DP
we`vjq

1939

gig kvn` Avjx

22

cqvjx K we Gg DP
we`vjq

1993

Rbve Kvw`i e eKvDj

09

bvivqYcyi ccyjvi
DP we`vjq

1952

Rbve gvnv` Avjx wgqvRx

23

ajvBZjx RbZv DP
we`vjq

1985

Rbve Avyj Mwb eKvDj

10

gZjeM cvBjU
evwjKv DP we`vjq

1960

24

bIMuvI DP we`vjq

1981

Rbve gv: KvBqyg Lvb

25

Av`k zj, gZje

1988

wcwcvj gv: Avyi ie

26

w`Nj`x Gg G Qvvi
DP we`vjq

2000

Rbve Gg G Qvvi

1963

Rbve gig IqvjxDj-vn


cvUIqvix, cavb wkK,
gZjeM R we cvBjU DP
we`vjq
GjvKvevmx

11

KvwjKvcyi DP
we`vjq

12

KvwPqviv DP
we`vjq

1966

AvjnvR gKeyj nvmb gvj-v

13

`Micyi Av: Mwb DP


we`vjq

1966

Rbve gv: Ave`yj Inve `Iqvb

14

bvivqYcyi Rywbqi
evwjKv we`vjq

1964

Rbve gv: wmivRyj Bmjvg,


cavb wkK, bvivqYcyi ccyjvi
DP we`vjq

t
bs
01

dvwRm gv`vmv
bw`Lvjv dvwRj
gv`vmv

cwZvi
mb
1940

cwZvZvi bvg
1| gig Avyj AvwRR
2| gig Avyj Mdzi
2| ggZvR eMg

15

AvPjwQjv DP
we`vjq

1969

gjfx gv: Kwdj Dwb


Avn`

02

KvwPqviv Rvgvwjqv
Avwjg gv`vmv

1977

AvjnvR gjfx mKv`i Avjx


cvUIqvix

16

jvgQwo DP we`vjq

1969

kx we`v my`i gj

03

gvIjvbv gvt Igi Avjx

nhiZ kvnRvjvj DP
we`vjq

1970

GjvKvevmx

KvwjqvBk Bmjvwgqv
dvwRj gv`vmv

1930

17

04

1922

18

Avaviv DP we`vjq

1973

Rbve AvjnvR AvBqye Avjx

bIMuvI ivkw`qv
dvwRj gv`vmv

Rbve AvBb Dwb nvRx


IqvjxDjvn Av&wgb|

19

KvwPqviv evwjKv DP
we`vjq

1982

Rbve nvRx gjfx mKv`i


Avjx cvUIqvix

05

wNjvZjx dvwRj
gv`vmv

1945

gig KvRx Iqvn` Djvn

20

bvqiMuvI DP
we`vjq

1987

Rbve gv: gybxi nvmb


cvUIqvix Ms

06

bvM`v mywd Avn`


gwnjv gv`vmv

1985

Rbve gvIjvbv gvt Avjx nvmb

21

jvKwkecyi wdivRv

1970
Rbve gv: byij `v
213

214

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi,
gZje `wY

07

gZje `vij Djyg


dvwRj gv`vmv

1976

AvjnvR gwReyi ingvb

08

abvicvo Bmjvwgqv
`vwLj gv`vmv

1984

AvjnvR Wvt gvt byij Bmjvg

09

w`Nj`x Bmjvwgqv
`vwLj gv`vmv

1962

gig Rvdi Avjx cavb

10

LMcyi dvwRj gv`vmv

1920

gjfx Avyj Inve

11

`t Kie` Avj
Avwgb `vwLj gv`vmv

1994

1| gwReyi ingvb gRyg`vi


2| Avt gwZb gvj-v,
3| wmivRyj Bmjvg,
4| Rqbvj Ave`xb,
5| gKeyj nvmb ecvix

12

c~e ajvBZjx G R
AvB wW gv`vmv

Puv`cyi Rjvi AMZ gZje `wY DcRjvi cvYK` gZje wWMx KjR
1964 wLv cwZwZ nq| c_g mfvcwZ wewk gywhvv Rbve gvt b~ij
Kv`i Lvb (mwPe gywRe bMi miKvi/MYcRvZx evsjv`k miKvi)| c_g
Aa Rbve Gg G AvDqvj| wewk wkvwe` Rbve IqvjxDj-vn cvUvqvixi
nvZ Mov gZje wWMx KjR 12.55 GKi Rwgi Dci cwZwZ nq| ZrKvjxb
Puv`cyi gnKzgv ckvmK _vKvKvjxb Rbve b~ij Kv`i Lvb 01.08.1964 ZvwiL
gZje KjRi wfw ci vcb Kib| W. gvRnvi Dwb f~Bqv, W. nvwdR
Dj-vn Lvb, wewk `vkwbK Rbve `Iqvb AvRivd cgyL eweM chvqg
Aa wnme `vwqZ cvjb Kib|

1984

1| Ave`yj Rwjj ecvix


2| gvIt dwi` Dwb RyjwdKvi
3| gvIt gvt Rqbvj Avew`b

13

Nvovavix Bmjvwgqv
`vwLj gv`vmv

1988

Rbve gvt wgRvbyi ingvb


ZvjyK`vi

14

KvwjKvcyi Av`k
`vwLj gv`vmv

1999

Rbve Avey ei wmwK miKvi

15

e`icyi I Gm `vwLj
gv`vmv

1940

gig AvjnvR gvt AvjZvd


nvmb

16

imyjcyi AvbwbQv
`vwLj gv`vmv

1983

Rbve AvwZKzi ingvb

(m~: gvt bvwRg Dwb, DcRjv gvawgK wkv Awdmvi, gZje `t, Puv`cyi|)

gZje wWMx KjR


215

Kzwgj-v wkv evW ^xKwZ : 14.03.1966 Bs ZvwiL gZje wWMx KjR


Kzwgj-v wkv evWi ^xKwZ jvf Ki| 1993 mvj RvZxq wekwe`vjq
Aaxfy nq| 1993-94 Bs wkvel nZ we.G(cvm), we.Gm.Gm (cvm) we.Kg
(cvm) Ges 1995-96 wkvel nZ we.Gm-wm (cvm) Lvjvi AbygwZ cvq|
1999 mvj wkv gYvjqi AbygwZ mvc KvwiMwi evWi Aaxb gZje
wWMx KjR eemvq eevcbv (weGg) Lvjv nq| 2001-12 wkvel nZ
GBPGmwm cvMvg gZje wWMx KjR Lvjv nq| evW I wekwe`vjqi
cixvq G KjRi wkv_xiv gavvb jvf KiQ Ges cwZ ermi wKQz msLK
wkv_x c_g kYx Ges wRwcG 5.00 jvf Ki| wkv_x`i Rb AvaywbK
cvVvMvi AvQ| wWwRUvj Z_ chywi mv_ cwiwPZ Kivi Rb KwDUvi jve
AvQ|

gywinvU KjR
wkv cwZvbi bvg : gywinvU KjR 01/07/1995 wLt ZvwiL eveyinvU
gZje cbvB moKi c~e cvk gZje cimfvaxb w`Nj`x gRvi 9bs
IqvWi GK gbvig cwiek cwZwZ nq| Rwgi cwigvY 01GKi 6 kZK|
hv`i cPvq KjRwU cwZwZ nqQ : (K) Rbve dRjyj nK (mveK gnv
wnmve iK), cwZvZv I AvRxeb `vZv m`m, (L) gig cdmi Ave`yj
216

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi,
gZje `wY

nvwjg miKvi (mve- iwRvi, gv`vmv wkv evW) cwZvZv I AvRxeb `vZv
m`m, (M) Rbve bKei Avjx cavb (mveK KgKZv, evsjv`k cvwb Dbqb
evW), (N) Rbve KvRx myjZvb Avngv` (wkcwZ) cwZvZv I AvRxeb `vZv
m`m, (O) Rbve GWt Bw`m Lvb (AvBbRxex mywcg KvU) cwZvZv I AvRxeb
`vZv m`m, (P) Rbve gvt mvjvgZ Dj-vn (DaZb evsK KgKZv) cwZvZv I
AvRxeb `vZv m`m, (Q) Rbve gvt wmivRyj Bmjvg nvRiv (cevmx) cwZvZv I
AvRxeb `vZv m`m, (R) Rbve gvRnvij nK LvKb (wkcwZ) AvRxeb `vZv
m`m, (S) Rbve Zqe Avjx nvRiv (eemvqx) AvRxeb `vZv m`m|
gywinvU KjRwU 01/04/1999 wLt ZvwiL GgwcI fyw nq| KjRwUZ
wevb, gvbweK I eemvq wkv GB wZbwU wefvM cvV`vb Kiv nq| KjR
16Rb wkK Ges 3q I 4_ kYxi 06 Rb KgPvix KgiZ iqQb| KjR
01wU DbZ KwDUvi jve, wevbvMvi I mg jvBeix iqQ| Qv-Qvxi
msLv : GKv`k (wkvel 2013-14) gvU 291 Rb| v`k (wkvel 201213) gvU 274 Rb| weMZ 3 eQii djvdj :
mb

gvU cixv_x

DxY

cvmi nvi

2010

105

93

88.57%

2011

120

75

62.50%

2012

172

132

76.74

217

218

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi,
gZje `wY

bvivqYcyi wWwM KjR


Puv`cyi Rjvi gZje `wY DcRjvaxb 04bs bvivqYcyi BDwbqb AewZ|
A GjvKvi MYgvb eweMi cPvq Ges Rbve Kvgij Gnmvb kvw-Gi
D`vM bvivqYcyi wWwM KjR 1994 mvj cwZwZ nq| KjRwUi cwZvZv
Rbve Kvgij Gnmvb kw, wcZv-gZ gig Av`g Avjx Lvb, Mvg- mvicvi|
mfvcwZ eZgvb msm` m`m I MYcRvZx evsjv`k miKvii ^ivgx W.
gnxDxb Lvb AvjgMxi|
iqgbb bQv gwnjv KjR
iqgbb bQv gwnjv KjR, gZje `wY, Puv`cyi| cwZvZv : gig AvjnvR
wMqvm Dwb Avng`| G GjvKvi bvix`i mywkvq wkwZ Kivi j 1993
mb gZje m`i nvmcvZvj-Gi `wY cvk PigzKzw` gRvq wbR A_vqb 04
GKi Rwg q Ki G KjRwU Mo Zvjb| cwZvbwU Zvi Avcb MwZZ
AvRI engvb| 1993 mvj 22k RvbyqvixZ KjR cwZv welq ZrKvjxb
Rjv ckvmK Rbve gvt BqvKze Avjx cavb AwZw_ I DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi
Rbve b~ij Avbvqvii mfvcwZZ I gvKmy`yj nK evejyi mvjb gZje
DcRjv cwil` wgjbvqZb GK RbvKxY mfv AbywZ nq Ges A Aji
KwZ mvb wewk wkvwe`, wewk wkcwZ Rbve AvjnvR wMqvm Dwb Avng`
cv_wgKfve cuwPk j UvKvi Aby`vb `Iqvi cwZkwZZ KjR cwZvi
D`vM bb|
1993 mb _K 2012 mb ch DP gvawgK cixvq 11 Rb Qvx wkv evW
nZ A+ cqQ Ges mvZK kYxZ RvZxq wekwe`vjq _K 09Rb Qvx 1g
wefvM DxY nqQ| iqgbb bQv gwnjv wWMx KjR _K cvk Ki Qvxiv
Wvvi, cKkjx Ges wewfb wekwe`vjq nZ mybvgi mv_ cixvq AskMnY
Ki DPZi wWMx ARb KiQ Ges wewfb cwZvb KgiZ AvQ|

219

iqgbb bQv gwnjv wWMx KjRwUK c~Yv wWMx KjR icvwiZ KiZ we.
Gm-wm Kvm PvjyKiY, wMZ Abvm, gvvm Kvm PvjyKiY, cybtPvjyKib Ges
chvqg mvZKvi wWwMi Abvb welqmg~n Pvjy Kivi cwiKbv iqQ|
cwZvZvi Rxeb ev : 1936 mvji GK c~bwZw_Z c~Ygqx Rbbx iqgbb
bQvi MweZ Mf RMnY Kib iqgbb bQv gwnjv wWMx KjRi cwZvZv
AvjnvR wMqvm Dwb Avng`| Zuvi wcZvi bvg Ave`yj Kv`i cavb| wZwb cuvP
fvB I GK evbi ga ZZxq| gZjeM R.we cvBjU DP we`vjq
gvawgKi cvV PzwKq cvwo Rgvb eZgvb Rjv Puv`cyi| Puv`cyi Aaqb kl
cvki `kK AvZwbqvM Kib eemvq| fvM jx mgM Rxeb ZuvK Qo
hvqwb| hLvb nvZ w`qQb nqQb mdj| AXj m`i AwaKvix nb cvk
eQii eemvwqK Rxeb| evsjv, BsiRx, wnw`, D`y, Aviex, dvwmmn KqKwU
fvlvq AbMj K_v ejZ cviZb| GZ eo abx I vbx nqI wZwb wQjb
wbinsKvi, m`vjvcx, wbvevb I wkZzj gb gvbwmKZvi AwaKvix| G Zvi ARb
bq, v c`| ag fxi G gvbylwU KLbI bvgvR Av`vq KiZ fyj Kibwb|
GjvKvq bvix`i mywkvq wkwZ Kivi j 1993 mb gZje m`i
nvmcvZvji `wY cvk wbR A_vqb cvq 4 GKi Rwg q Ki Mo Zvjb
iqgbb bQv gwnjv wWMx KjR| KjR Zvi Avcb MwZZ AvRI engvb|
2010 mvji 30 AvM w`evMZ ivZ 3.30 wgwbU XvKv qvi nvmcvZvj
cijvK Mgb Kib| wZwb wbZw`bi AvqvRb bv _vKjI wbZw`bi
cqvRb ZuvK Avgiv iY Kiev|

gZjeM R. we cvBjU DP we`vjq


HwZnevnx gZjeM R. we cvBjU DP we`vjq cwZwZ 1917 mb| zji
Rb Rwg `vb Kib Kjvw` Mvgi RMez mvnv I wekbv_ Nvl| Zv`i bvg
zji bvgKiY nq gZjeM R.we nvB zj| nvBzj vcbi D`vv wQjb
wmjUi Awaevmx gZjei mve-iwRvi dwi` eLZ gRyg`vi|
220

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi,
gZje `wY

zji c_g cavb wkK wbhy nb Rbve Mvwe` P` `yjvj, 02/01/1917


mb|
1930 mb _K 1971 mb ch Rbve AwjDj-vn cvUvqvix cavb wkKi
`vwqZ cvjb Kib| wZwb AZ mybvg I `Zvi mv_ `vwqZ cvjb Kib|
wZwb `yB `yBevi k wkvwe` wnme ^Yc
`K cv nb| wZwb ZrKvjxb c~e
cvwKvb ZgNvq L`gZ DcvaxZ f~wlZ nb| weMZ 06/04/2010 mb nZ
Rbve gvt evinvb Dwb Lvb we.Gm-wm, Gg. GW cavb wkK wnme wbhy
nq A`vewa KgiZ| A we`vjqi AbK Qv/Qvx gvbbxq gx, cwZgx,
mwPe, Dc-mwPe, miKvwi c` KgKZv, fvBm Pvji, cdmi, wkK, Wvvi
I cKkjx c` Avmxb wQjb Ges AvQb| we`vjqwUi wbR^ f~wgi cwigvY 10
GKi| GZ feb 6wU, 2wU Qvvevm I ck Ljvi gvV iqQ| GKwU enr
AvKvii AwWUwiqvg iqQ| hvi bvg eZgvb IqvjxDj-vn cvUvqvix
wgjbvqZb| we`vjqi cwiPvjbvq `ywU gmwR` iqQ| zji AwZwi Avqi
Drm wnme wKQz `vKvb Ni I 05wU cyKzi iqQ| mvgwMKfve zji Rb
gbvig cwiek weivRgvb|

wkvi cmviY Abb f~wgKv iL AvmQ| G we`vjqi AbK QvQvx `k


we`k miKvwi I emiKvwi cwZvb DP c` AwawZ nq `ki mev
KiQb Ges we`vjqi mybvg AzY iLQb| we`vjqwUi Ljva~jv, weZK I
mvswZK Ab AbK mybvg iqQ| we`vjqwUi 16Zg cavb wkK wnme
MZ 10/03/2010 nZ KgiZ AvQb evey MYk P` `vm, GgGmwm, weGW|
mgevq wefvM
:
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kbx wfwK
mgevq mwgwZ

mwgwZi
msLv

m`m
mwgwZ/
m`m msLv

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cwigvY
(j
UvKvq)

mwgwZZ
Kgmsvb

ge

01

DcRjv K`xq
egyLx mgevq
mwgwZ wjt

01

47

125.00

2 Rb

02

DcRjv K`xq
mgevq
Gmvwmqkb

01

309

150.00

7 Rb

03

cv_wgK
BDwbqb egyLx
mgevq mwgwZ
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05

370

2.60

04

cv_wgK
grmRxwe/
grmPvlx mt mt
wjt

11

482

2.31

evqvwjqv DP we`vjq
evqvwjqv DP we`vjqwU 1917 mb cwZwZ| Puv`cyi Rjvi gZje `wY
DcRjvi AMZ, gZje cimfvaxb 7bs IqvW AewZ GKwU cvPxbZg
we`vjq| vbxq Rwg`vi evey jwjZ gvnb ivq Payix-Gi wbR^ D`vM
we`vjqwU cwZwZ nq| AZtci 20/12/1918 mb mec_g DP we`vjq
wnme KwjKvZv wekwe`vjq nZ ^xKwZcv nq| we`vjqwU wbqwgZ KvhKix
cwil` viv cwiPvwjZ Ges 01/07/1982 mb c_g GgwcIfy nq| DcRjv
m`i nZ 3 wKtwgt `wY gZje evqvwjqv cvKv moKi cvk AewZ|
we`vjqwU `wYgyLx GKZjv wewk PviwU cvKv feb megvU 11wU K, 3wU
cvKv kPvMvi, 2wU wUDeIqj I chv cwigvY Avmevec iqQ| we`vjqwU
cvPxi Niv I 1wU eo Ljvi gvV AvQ| we`vjqi mvgb we`vjqi wbR^ eo
w`wN AvQ hvi m`h DcfvM Kivi Rb AbK jvKi mgvMg nq|
we`vjqi megvU 6.80 GKi wbR^ f~wg iqQ| we`vjqwU cwZvjM _K
221

222

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi,
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05

cv_wgK gwnjv
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102

1.18

06

cv_wgK AUv
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04

220

0.85

07

cv_wgK hye mt
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61

1.26

08

cv_wgK mvweK
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02

41

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09

cv_wgK `vKvb
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112

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10

cv_wgK mq I
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wjt

12

317

45.60

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11

cv_wgK egyLx
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23

1060

202.40

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12

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52

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gvU : K`xq mgevq mwgwZ = 2wU Ges cv_wgK mgevq mwgwZ = 71wU|
(m~ : `yjvj P` `vm, DcRjv mgevq Awdmvi)
223

224

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi,
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mgvRmev wefvM
mgvRmev Awa`i KZK cwiPvwjZ DcRjv mgvRmev KvhgwU gZje `wY
DcRjvq i nq 1982 mvj| RbMYi AskMnY I vbxq m`i myz I
mevg eenvii gvag RbMY, wekl Ki `wi``i Av_-mvgvwRK I Rxeb
hvvi gvbvbqb KivB Gi g~j j| c_g RvgvbZwenxb my`gy FY c`vb I
KvwiMix cwkY Kgm~Px w`q G Kvhgi hvv i njI eZgvb Gi Kg
cwiwa eY ew cqQ| eZgvb mvgvwRK wbivcv ebxi AvIZvq G
DcRjvq 3574 RbK gvwmK 300/- UvKv nvi eqK fvZv, 1187 RbK
weaev fvZv, 345 RbK cwZex fvZv, 325 RbK gvwmK 2000/- UvKv nvi
gywhvv mvbx fvZv Ges 6 Rb cwZex wkv_xK wkv Dcew c`vb Kiv
nQ| ^Qvmex msMVbi gvag MvgxY RbMvxi Rxeb gvbvbqb Ges
KvwcUkb MvU cv
GwZgLvbvq Aby`vbi A_ weZiYmn hveZxq
RbKjvYg~jK KgKv G Kvhvjqi gvag cwiPvwjZ nQ| DcRjv mgvR
mev Awdmvii Aaxb BDwbqb chvq 4 Rb BDwbqb mgvRKgx, 3 Rb KvwiMix
cwkK, GKRb wd mycvifvBRvi KgiZ _K DcRjv mgvRmev Kvhg
cwiPvwjZ nQ|

nvumgyiMx cwZcvjbmn evwYwRK Lvgvi vcb Drmvn c`vbi gvag


AvZKgmsvb, `vwi` wegvPb, cvwievwiK cywi Pvwn`v c~iYi Dk
wbijmfve KvR Ki hvQ G wefvM| (m~- Kvqmvi Avng`, DcRjv
cvwYm` KgKZv, gZje `wY)

grm wefvM
cwZvKvj : gvbvbxZ _vbvq 1982 mvji 3 bf^i G `ii Kvhg i
nq| Rbve wgjb Kvw cvj c_g DcRjv grm KgKZv wnme hvM`vb Kib|
Abygvw`Z Rbej `yBRb KgKZvmn 5 Rb | KgiZ GKRb KgKZvmn 04
Rb| DcRjv cwil`i wbR^ febi 207 I 211 b^i G `ywU K DcRjv
grm Awdmi `vwiK Kvhg PjQ| A`~i fwelZ grm Awa`ii wbR^
feb wbgvYi cwqv i ne|

(m~ : gvt ij Avwgb , DcRjv mgvRmev Awdmvi)

cvwYm` wefvM
DcRjv cvwYm` Kvhvjq 50 kZK RvqMv wbq AewZ| A Kvhvjq vwcZ
nq 1964 mvj| 2008 mvji Kwlgvix Abyhvqx Mii msLv 21264wU,
QvMji msLv 14432wU, fovi msLv 86wU, gyiMxi msLv 122377wU, nuvmi
msLv 43768wU| 2012-13 A_eQi wWg Drcv`b 12,00,300wU, `ya
Drcv`b- 16,870 wjUvi, gvsm Drcv`b- 3, 339 gt Ub|
DcRjv cvwY nvmcvZvj AvbxZ Amy Mevw` cvwY I nvumgyiMxi wPwKrmv I
KvwiMix civgk `qv nq| RbmvaviY, eKvi hyeK I hye gwnjv`i cvwievwiK
225

grm mi wewfb cwimsLvb

gvU cyKzi w`wN : 2560 wU AvqZb: 414.50 n:


grm Lvgvi ( QvU /eo): 42 wU
b`x: abvMv`v b`x - 15 wKwg
giv b`x: jxcyi giv b`x-475 n:
Lvj: 05 wU (98 n:)
cveb f~wg: 95 wU (9533 n:)
Rj msLv: 2378 Rb(2013 mvji Rj cwimsLvb Abyhvqx)
RvUKv AvniYKvix Rj msLv: 1500 Rb
grmRxex AaywlZ Mvg: 27 wU
bvmvivi: 34 Rb
226

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi,
gZje `wY

nvPvix: 01 wU (emiKvwi), b`xLvjv|


evwlK Pvwn`v: 3951.4 g.Ub
evwlK Drcv`b: 4246 g.Ub
grmRxex mwgwZ: 22 wU
e Rjvkq Drcvw`Z cRvwZ: iB, KvZjv, gMj, Zjvwcqv, cvvm,
evUv, Nwbqv, KB , wmjfvi Kvc, weMnW, _vB micywU, gMj, KvwcI
BZvw`|
b`xZ wekl cRvwZ: Bwjk, Mj`v wPswo, cve`v, wiVv|
b`x, Lvj wej AvnwiZ cRvwZ: PDqv, cywU, micywU, Usiv, eRyix, gjv,
Xjv, wmjs, evBg, KvRjx, evZvwm, AvBo, evqvj, QvU wPswo, cvvm,
iB, KvZjv, gMj BZvw`|
grm wefvMi eZgvb wbgv Kvhmg~n evevwqZ nQ:

1| mvgwMKfve gvQ Pvlx`i civgk c`vb|


2| miKvwi / cvwZvwbK Rjvkqi AeKvVvgv wbgvY/cybtwbgvY|
3| digvwjb gy gvQi mieivn ew Ki Lv` wbivcv wbwZKiY|
4| grm LvZ z` FYi gvag Kgmsvb mw I `vwi` wegvPb|
5| cKZ Rj`i wbeb I AvB,wW KvW c`vb|
6| `kxq QvU gvQi Pvl ew Kivi D`vM MnY|
7| RvUKv AvniYKvix Rj`i cybevmb|
8| RvUKv msiY I grm msiY AvBbi evZevqb|
9| BDwbqb chvq Pvlx`i gvag c`kbx Lvgvi vcbi gvag djvdj
c`kb|
10| gy, Avavgy cvwZvwbK I miKvwi Rjvkq gvQi cvbv AegyKiY|
227

11| b`xZ LvuPvq gvQ Pvl Ki grm Drcv`b ewi cPv|


(m~ : dvinvbv Avvi igv grm KgKZv, gZje `wY)

hye Kvhg
h Kvb `ki Av_-mvgvwRK Dbqbi g~j PvwjKv kw nQ m `ki Kgg
Rbkw| Avi G Rbkwi mePq iZc~Y Ask nQ m `ki hye mgvR|
hye mgvRB Dbqbi PvwjKv kw| gvU RbmsLvi 30 kZvsk hye| RvZxq hye
bxwZgvjv Abymvi 15-35 eQi eqmx`iK hye ej msvwqZ Kiv nq|
KgcZvkx Abyrcv`bkxj hyemgvRK mymsMwVZ, mykLj Ges Drcv`bgyLx
kwZ icvii j MYcRvZx evsjv`k miKvi 1978 mvj hye Dbqb
gYvjq mw Ki hv cieZxZ hye I xov gYvjqi Kvhg evevqbi Rb
1981 mvj hye Dbqb Awa`i mw Kiv nq | m Abyhvqx gZje `wY
DcRjvq hye Dbqb Awa`ii Kvhg i nq 1995 mvj _K|
DcRjv hye Dbqb KgKZv, DcRjv Awdm cavb hvK mnvqZv Kib 03 Rb
wWU mycvi fvBRvi, 01 GKRb Awdm mnKvix Kvg KwDUvi AcviUi, 01
Rb Gg.Gj.Gm.Gm| Kvhgm~n wbgic*

eKvi hye`i `Zvewg~jK cwkY Kgm~Px|

`vwi` wegvPb I FY Kgm~Px|

cwkwZ hyeK`i AvZKgmsvbi Rb DcKiY mieivn Kgm~Px|

wewfb iZc~Y welq DKiY I mPZbZv ewg~jK Kvhg|

hye msMVb ZvwjKvfyKiY Kvhg|

hye msMVbK Aby`vb Kvhg|


228

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi,
gZje `wY

RvZxq hyew`em cvjb Kvhg|

AvRvwZK hyew`em cvjb Kvhg|

AvZKgmsvbi mdjZvi ^xKwZ ^ic cyivi Kvhg|

Rvi I cRbb ^v mPZbZv Kvhg|

mwgbvi, Kgkvjv, wmvwRqvg I hye mgvek|

xov, mvswZK Kvhg|

MnY I wbwKiY Ges ^Qvmex gwnjv cwZvb iwRkb I iwRkbKZ


^Qvmex gwnjv cwZvbi gvag Mvgxb `wi` gwnjv`i Rxeb gvb Dbqbi
j cwZ eQi mvaviY I wekl Aby`vb weZiY Ges wewfb RvZxq I
AvRv wZK w`em cvjb Kivmn hveZxq RbKjvYg~jK KgKv G Kvhvjqi
gvag cwiPvwjZ nQ|
(m~ : Avgbv eMg DcRjv gwnjv welqK KgKZv)
vY wefvM

Mevw`c, nuvm-gyiMxi cv_wgK wPwKrmv I wUKv Kgm~Px evevqb


KxUe weZiY Kvhg|

gZje DcRjv cwZvi msM msMB `ki Abvb DcRjvi bvq G


DcRjvq vY kvLvi Kvhg i nq| vY kvLv wbgv Kvhmg~n Ki _vK:
1| mvgwMKfve `yhvM SuzwK n&v mi Rb czw Z MnY|

(m~ : Rbve gvneyeyj nK, DcRjv hye Dbqb KgKZv)


gwnjv welqK Kvhg
gwnjv welqK Awa`i KZK cwiPvwjZ DcRjv gwnjv welqK Kvhg gZje
`wY DcRjvq i nq 1998 mvj| ^vaxbZv hyi mgq G`ki AmsL
bvix Zvi ^vgxK nvivb Ges cvK evwnbxi nvZ jvbvi ^xKvi nb| G`ki
cj-x Aj emevmiZ wbhvwZZ/myweav ewZ nZ`wi` gwnjv`i ^wbfi I
AvZcZqx Kivi Rb wewfb Kvhg MnY Kiv nqQ| A DcRjvi gwnjv`i
AskMnY vbxq m`i myz I mevg eenvii gvag, wekl Ki nZ `wi`
gwnjv`i Av_-mvgvwRK I Rxebhvvi gvb Dbqb KivB Gi g~j j| c_gB
A DcRjvi wewfb BDwbqbi 1069 Rb wfwRwW gwnjv`i wewfb AvqeaK
cwkY c`vb I gvwmK 30 KwR nvi Mg/Pvj c`vb Kiv nQ| eZgvb
mvgvwRK wbivcv ebxi AvIZvq A DcRjvi 126 Rb gwnjvK gvwmK
350/UvKv nvi `wi` gvi Rb gvZZKvjxb fvZv c`vb Kiv nQ| AG
DcRjvi 141 Rb nZ `wi` gwnjvi gvS wewfb cKi gvag gvU
14,20,000/-UvKv FY wnmve `qv nqQ| GQvov wewfb bvix wbhvZb AwfhvM
229

2| cvKwZK `yhvM wZM`i ga vY weZiY, MvgxY AeKvVvgv


wbgvY/cybtwbgvY|
3| Rjevqy cwieZbRwbZ AwfhvM mvgvwRK I Lv` wbivcv wbwZKiY|
4| wU Avi, KvweLv, KvweUv, AwZ `wi``i Rb Kgmsvb, gvbweK mnvqZv
BZvw`i gvag Mvgxb AeKvVvgvi Dbqb, Kgmsvb mw I `vwi`
wegvPb|
2012-2013 A_ eQi KvweLv mvaviY 188.1056 g. Ub, wekl 282.00
g. Ub, wU Avi mvaviY 266.027 g. Ub, wekl 311.00 g. Ub Pvj,AwZ
`wi``i Rb Kgmsvbi Rb 2312641.0 UvKv, gvbweK mnvqZv Kgm~Pxi 60
evj XDwUb I kxZe Pv`i,K^j, wfwRGd Pvj, LRyi I Abvb vb
mvgMxi eiv cvIqv hvq hv h_vwbqg weZiY Kiv nq| 21,94,459.00 UvKv
eq GKwU mZz wbgvY Kiv nq|
(m~ : Rbve gvqyb Kwei, cK evevqb KgKZv, gZje `wY)
230

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi,
gZje `wY

wbevPb Awdm
wbevPb Kwgkb MYcRvZx evsjv`ki msweavbi 118 AbyQ` gvZveK
cwZwZ GKwU mvsweavwbK cwZvb| G cwZvbi ^vaxb mwPevjqi Aaxb gvV
chvq AvwjK wbevPb KgKZvi Kvhvjq I Rjv wbevPb KgKZvi Kvhvjqi
gZ cZK DcRjvq vwcZ DcRjv mvfvi kb feb DcRjv/_vbv
wbevPb KgKZvi Kvhvjq iqQ| Kvhvejx wbic :

gZje cimfv

18767

19496

38263

bvqiMvuI Di

6418

6711

13129

bvqiMvuI `wY

8419

8419

16838

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11730

11877

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6626

6903

13529

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8456

8567

17023

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7624

7203

14827

gZje `wY DcRjvi


gvU 68040

69176

137216

01| RvZxq/DcRjv/cimfv/BDwbqb msm` mvaviY wbevPb/Dc-wbevPb|


02| RvZxq Ges vbxq wbevPb eenvii Rb Qwemn fvUvi ZvwjKv cYqb
I nvjbvMv` KvR iwRkb Awdmvi Gi `vwqZ cvjb|
03| RvZxq cwiPqc weZiY|
04| RvZxq I vbxq mvaviY wbevPb/ Dc-wbevPb gZ wiUvwbs
Awdmvi/mnKvix wiUvwbs Awdmvi Gi `vwqZ cvjb|

GKbRi gZje DcRjvi fvUvi welqK Z_ :

(m~ : DcRjv wbevPb Awdm)

01. fvUvi GjvKv


: 141 wU|
02. we`gvb fvUvi msLv (31.01.2013 ZvwiL cKvwkZ P~ov fvUvi
ZvwjKv gvZveK)
(K) cyil
: 68,040 Rb
(L) gwnjv
: 69,176 Rb
(M) gvU
: 1,37,216 Rb
03. BDwbqb Iqvix fvUvi msLv :
fvUvi msLv
. bs

BDwbqbi bvg

ge
cyil

gwnjv
231

gvU

Avbmvi wfwWwc Awdm


Avbmvi I wfwWwc Awa`i KZK cwiPvwjZ DcRjv Avbmvi I wfwWwc Kvhg
i nq gZje `wY DcRjvq 1978 mvj| Avbmvi MVb nq 1948 mvji 12
deqvix| evsjv`k ^vaxbZv hyi mgq cwZ Mvg 10 Rb Ki Avbmvii
cvUzb MVb Kiv nq| GivB gywhvv wnmve AskMnY Ki `ki Rb Suvwcq
co Ges `kK weRqx Kib| GB AvbmviMY cwmWU wnme c_g eez
kL gywReyi ingvbK MvW Ae Abvi c`vb Kib| Gi ciB cwZwU BDwbqb 32
Rb Ki Avbmvi Gi cvUzb MVb Kiv nq| MvgM AvBb kLjv ivq KvR
232

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi,
gZje `wY

Kib| cwmWU gig wRqvDi ingvb 1976 mvj 5 Rvbyqvix wfwWwc MVb
Kib| cwZ Mvg 32 Rb cyil 32Rb gwnjv wbq MVb nq GB evwnbx| Giv
AvBb kLjv ivq KvR Kib| cywjkK wewfb KvR mnhvwMZv Kib|
DaZb KZci wb`lg `~Mvc~Rv I wbevPb K` cywjki mv_ weivU
f~wgKv ivLb| wfwWwc m`m/m`mv`i miKvwi LiP 21 w`b gqv` gwjK
cwkY nq Rjv m`i| GB gwjK mvwUwdKU h Kvb miKvwi PvKzixi Rb
10% KvUv `Iqv nq| Aviv cKvk _vK h, m`m`i miKvwi LiP 42 w`b
gqv` mvaviY Avbmvi gwjK cwkY `Iqv nq| cwkY kl mvaviY
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PvKzix nq| ckvwfwK cwkY hgb gUi WvBwfs, wdR GqviKwkbvi,
Bjwwmqvb, gvevBj mU givgZ, cvBc wdwUs, Iqws,KwDUvi, mjvB
wewfb welq ckvwfwK cwkY Ki mvej^x nq _vK| A DcRjvq 6wU
BDwbqb| cwZwU BDwbqb 01 Rb wfwWwc BDwbqb `jcwZ, 01Rb BDwbqb
`jbx AvQ| hvi Rbej 14 Rb| Giv cwZ gvm 630/=UvKv nvi gvwmK
fvZv cq _vKb| cwZ BDwbqb 01Rb Avbmvi Kgvvi I01 Rb mnKvix
Kgvvi Ges 30 Rb m`m| hvi Rbej 192Rb| cwZwU Mvg 32Rb m`m
32Rb m`mv AvQ| hvi Rbej 7936 Rb m`m/ m`mv AvQ| Giv
mQvmeK wnme KvR Kib| mvaviY Avbmvi gwjK cwkY Ki mvbvjx
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gqv`x AwfzZ Kiv nq| gZje `wY DcRjvq hvi Rbej 12 Rb| Giv cwZ
gvm 8000/= UvKv gvwmK eZb Ges ikb cq _vKb| cwZ DcRjvq
100Rb Avbmvi wbq GKwU Kvvbx nq| 01 Rb DcRjv Kvvbx Kgvvi,
01Rb mnKvix DcRjv Kvvbx Kgvvi, 98Rb Avbmvi m`m wewfb RvZxq
I AvRv wZK w`em cvjb Kivmn hveZxq RbKjvYg~jK KgKv GB Kvhvjqi
gvag cwiPvwjZ nQ| m`m/m`mv`i Av_mvgvwRK I Rxebhvvi gvb Dbqb
KivB GB evwnbxi g~j j I Dk| (m~ : gvt mwdKzi ingvb cvUvqvix
DcRjv Avbmvi I wfwWwc KgKZv)

cwimsLvb wefvM
233

cwimsLvb Awdmi Z_vewj (Av`ggvix 2011 Abyhvqx)


fMwjK-Di gZje Di I `vD`Kvw` DcRjv, c~e KPzqv I nvRxM
DcRjv, `wY Puv`cyi m`i I nvRxM DcRjv Ges cwg Puv`cyi m`i I
gZje Di DcRjv| AvqZb 32541 (GKi), 131.69 eMwKjvwgUvi|
BDwbqb msLv 6wU, gRv-77wU, Mvgi msLv- 97wU, cimfvi msLv 1wU|
gRv- 97wU, jvKmsLv- gvU 2,10,050 Rb; cyil- 97,728 Rb, gwnjv1,12,322 Rb| gvU Lvbvi msLv- 45,569wU|
ccvwYi Lvgvi-11wU, evsK kvLv- 9wU, Mvm mshvMmn Mn-2478wU, Kve70wU, KwgDwbwU mUvi-2wU, gmwR`-215wU, cvw- 18wU, ^YK
vi-160wU,
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wnmveiY Awdm
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DcRjv wnmveiY Awdmvi GKRb, AwWUi GKRb, Rywbqi AwWUi `yRb,
UvBwc 1 Rb, GgGjGmGm 1 Rb iqQ| c_g wnmveiY KgKZv wQjb
Rbve Avyj nvwKg| eZgvb KgiZ AvQb Rbve Avyj eviK| gZje `wY
DcRjv wnmveiY Awdm wbwjwLZ Kvhg evevqb Ki _vK|

wbixvaxb Awdmmg~ni KgKZv/KgPvix`i fvZvi wej cvk|


eZb wbaviY I QzwUi wnmve msiY|
PK Wwqs gZvmb `img~ni KgKZv/KgPvix`i eZb fvZv
cwikva|
KgKZv/KgPvix`i wRwcGd AwMg/P~ov cwikva, wewfb & FY I
AwMg cbkb AvbyZvwlK cwikva|
mswk wmG&I Awdmi A_wiwUi wfwZ Aby`vb I cKi QvoKZ
A_i `vwe cwikva|

234

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi,
gZje `wY

gYvjqwfwK cvw Ges Abybqb I Dbqb evRUi wecixZ eqi


wnmve msiY Ges Zvi wfwZ gvwmK wnmve cYqb| DcRjv chvqi
wewfb Awdmi wnmvei mv_ BDGI/Awdmi wnmvei msMwZ mvab|
mvbvjx evsKi mv_ cvw I cwikvai evsK wiKbwmwjqkb|
miKvwi KvlvMvi RgvKZ A_i Pvjvb fwiwdKkb|
wmwfj AwWU KZK D_vwcZ AwWU Avcw wbwi eev MnY|
Lv` `vg

DcRjv Lv` wbqK, gZje `wY KZK wbqYvaxb gZje `wY DcRjvq
`yBLvbv Lv` `vg iqQ| GKwU Lv` `vg gZje cimfvi ga dwiNvU
ivW gZje `wY _vbvi `wY cvk| AciwU bvqiMuvI BDwbqbi bvqiMuvI
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gZje cj-x we`yr mwgwZ


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gZje DcRjv m`i (eZgvb Di I `wY) wcwWwe nZ nvwiZ nq MZ
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DcRjvi Ni Ni we`yr myweav cuQ `Iqvi Rb evcK jvBb wbgvYi
Kvhg cwqvaxb AvQ| (m~: gvt Avvi nvmb, wWwRGg)

wewfb mgq| (m~- mvaviY mv`K, DcRjv xov msv I Abvb


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DcRjv xov msv


RvZxq xov cwil`i Aaxb Rjv DcRjv chvq xov msv iqQ| gZje
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eemvqx, mgvRmeKmn Abvb xovgv`x`i wbq MwVZ nq G KwgwU|
DcRjv xov msv DcRjvevcx wewfb xovbyvb AvqvRb Ki _vK| wewfb
wkvcwZvb chvq, BDwbqb chvq Ljvayjvi cwZhvwMZvi AvqvRb Kiv nq|
Rjv chvq, wefvMxq chvq, RvZxq chvq AskMnYi Rb DcRjv _K
cwZhvMx`i evQvB Ki ciY wbwZ Ki DcRjv xov msv| xov msv
miKvii mKj wb`k DcRjv chvq evevqb Ki DcRjv xov msv|
beMwVZ gZje DcRjvi c_g wbevnx KgKZv wQjb AvjnvR Rvwbeyj nK|
wZwbB c_g xov msv MVbi D`vM bb| c_g mfvcwZ c`vwaKvi ej
DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi Ges c_g mvaviY mv`K cfvlK gvt ij Avwgb|
ci gvt wgRvbyi ingvb Lvb, AavcK gvnv` Avjx, gvt gRevn Dxb gRy
mUvix wnme `vwqZ cvjb KiQb| eZgvb Rwnij Bmjvg AvjK
mUvixi `vwqZ AvQb| DcRjv xov msvi eZgvb febwU ZrKvjxb
DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi Rbve Avey bwK gvt wiRIqvbyj nKi D`vM,
AavcK ij Avwgb I gvKmy`yj nK evejyi ZrciZvq Ges vbxq MYgvb
eweMi cPvq miKvwi eiv wbwgZ nq| GQvovI gZje vbxqfve AbK
xov msMVb iqQ| hgb AvjAvwgb xov P, wKkvi ev`vm Kve, gywhvv
msm` xov P, wKkvi ev`vm Kve, m~h ZiY vwUs Kve, Avjikx` Kve,
Dg`x bevib Bq_ Kve, m~hgyLx vwUs Kve I Elv vwUs Kve| Gme
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237

Kzwgj-v Aj evsjv`k vDUm Gi Kvhg `xNw`b hver mybvg I `Zvi mv_


cwiPvwjZ nq AvmQ| ZviB avivevwnKZvi RvZxq gvbi mKj Kvhg gZje
DcRjv vDU&m& Ask wbq mybvg ARb KiQ| eZgvb gZje DcRjvq
vDU ivfvi I Kve kvLvq kZ ARb Kvixi msLv wbic :
Kve kvLvq k wk cwZhvMxZvq 2001-2011 ch gvU 8 Rb k Kve
wk|
1| Avwbmyj nK ivnvb- RvZxq chvq 2q-2001 gZje gWj miKvwi cv_wgK
we`vjq |
2| RwbKvi KvBDg Awg- RvZxq chvq 1g-2002 KwP-KuvPv iwRt cv_wgK
we`vjq|
3| wkwki mvnv So- RvZxq chvq 1g-2004 KwP-KuvPv iwRt cv_wgK
we`vjq| gZje gWj miKvwi cv_wgK we`vjq|
4| wdivRv Avvi wcswK- RvZxq chvq 1g- 2005 KwP-KuvPv iwRt cv_wgK
we`vjq|
5| gygy cvvi- RvZxq chvq 1g-2007 KwP-KuvPv iwRt cv_wgK we`vjq|
6| gybv mvnwjb wcbvKx- RvZxq chvq 1g-2008 KwP-KuvPv iwRt cv_wgK
we`vjq|
7| Avgbv miKvi Rmx- RvZxq chvq 2q- 2006 KwP-KuvPv iwRt cv_wgK
we`vjq|
238

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi,
gZje `wY

8| mvx Avvi- RvZxq chvq 1g- 2011 gZje gWj miKvwi cv_wgK
we`vjq|
kvcjv Kve GvIqvW- gvU- 46 Rb

16| mvBdzj Bmjvg- 2001 KwP-KuvPv iwRt cv_wgK we`vjq|


17| gvt ZwdKzj Avjg gybgyb- 2001 KwP-KuvPv iwRt cv_wgK we`vjq|
18| gbb Avn` mygb- 2001 KwP-KuvPv iwRt cv_wgK we`vjq|

1| wbMvi myjZvb Bfv-1999 KwP-KuvPv iwRt cv_wgK we`vjq|

19| dviRvbv Avvi Dwg- 2001 KwP-KuvPv iwRt cv_wgK we`vjq|

2| Bgij KvDQvi- 2000 gZje gWj miKvwi cv_wgK we`vjq|

20| kviwgb Avvi wgZz- 2001 KwP-KuvPv iwRt cv_wgK we`vjq|

3| dviRvbv Avvi iev-2000 gZje gWj miKvwi cv_wgK we`vjq|

21| RvbvZzj nK mvKx- 2001 KwP-KuvPv iwRt cv_wgK we`vjq|

4| nvmvBb Avn` ibx- 2000 gZje gWj miKvwi cv_wgK we`vjq|

22| AvwLZzb Avjqv cvcox- 2001 KwP-KuvPv iwRt cv_wgK we`vjq|

5| dvZgv Bmjvg Z^x- 2000 gZje gWj miKvwi cv_wgK we`vjq|

23| meyR Avn`- 2001 gZje gWj miKvwi cv_wgK we`vjq|

6| igv Avvi- 2000 gZje gWj miKvwi cv_wgK we`vjq|

24| Zvbfxi Avn`- 2001 gZje gWj miKvwi cv_wgK we`vjq|

7| w`jiev Avvi nvwQbv- 2000 gZje gWj miKvwi cv_wgK we`vjq|

25| Avwbmyj Bmjvg Lvb- 2001 gZje gWj miKvwi cv_wgK we`vjq|

8| Gbvgyj nK wiRfx-2000 KwP-KuvPv iwRt cv_wgK we`vjq

26| G,K,Gg dqR- 2001 gZje gWj miKvwi cv_wgK we`vjq|

9| KvwbR dvZgv wv- 2000 KwP-KuvPv iwRt cv_wgK we`vjq

27| gwiqg Avvi wg-2001 beKjm miKvwi cv_wgK we`vjq |

10| Avqkv Avvi Rgx- 2000 KwP-KuvPv iwRt cv_wgK we`vjq

28| nvIqv Avvi Pgb- 2001 beKjm miKvwi cv_wgK we`vjq |

11| Zlv gwj-K Gvbx- 2000 KwP-KuvPv iwRt cv_wgK we`vjq

29| gn`x nvmvb- 2001 beKjm miKvwi cv_wgK we`vjq |

12| AvBixb nK dvimx- 2000 KwP-KuvPv iwRt cv_wgK we`vjq

30| gvt bIqvR kixd- 2001 beKjm miKvwi cv_wgK we`vjq |

13| Kvgij nvmvb wngj- 2000 KwP-KuvPv iwRt cv_wgK we`vjq

31| ZvInx` Avn` Bgb- 2004 KwP-KuvPv iwRt cv_wgK we`vjq|

14| ivm`yj Bmjvg (iweb)- 2000 KwP-KuvPv iwRt cv_wgK we`vjq|

32| Rwbdvi KvBDg Awg- 2004 KwP-KuvPv iwRt cv_wgK we`vjq|

15| iRIqvbyj gvik` ivKxb- 2001 KwP-KuvPv iwRt cv_wgK we`vjq|

33| dvZgv Payix wm_x- 2004 KwP-KuvPv iwRt cv_wgK we`vjq|

239

240

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi,
gZje `wY

34| Kvgib bvnvi gyv- 2005 KwP-KuvPv iwRt cv_wgK we`vjq|

4| dwRqv mviwgb wZw_- gZjeM cvBjU evwjKv DP we`vjq- 2004|

35| wdivRv Avvi-2006 KwP-KuvPv iwRt cv_wgK we`vjq|

5| RwbKvi KvBDg Awg- gZjeM cvBjU evwjKv DP we`vjq- 2006|

36| gygy cvvi- 2007 KwP-KuvPv iwRt cv_wgK we`vjq|

6| RvbvZzj bvCgv- gZjeM cvBjU evwjKv DP we`vjq- 2006|

37| b~mivZ dvinvbv web&Zz- KwP-KuvPv- 2007 iwR cv_wgK we`vjq|

7| RvbvZzj nK mvKx- gZjeM cvBjU evwjKv DP we`vjq- 2008|

38| Avidv BqvQwgb BZvbv- 2007 KwP-KuvPv iwRt cv_wgK we`vjq|

8| Kvgib bvnvi gyv- gZjeM cvBjU evwjKv DP we`vjq- 2010|

39| gnRvweb nvmb Avivb&Pv-2008- gZje gWj miKvwi cv_wgK


we`vjq|

9| RvwKqv myjZvbv gyv- bvqiMuvI DP we`vjq- 2010|

40| gykvwei Avn`- 2007 KwP-KuvPv iwRt cv_wgK we`vjq|


41| myeZ P` m~ai- 2007 KwP-KuvPv iwRt cv_wgK we`vjq|
42| Avqkv LvZzb wmbw_qv- 2008 KwP-KuvPv iwRt cv_wgK we`vjq|
43| gybv mvn&wjb wcbvKx- 2009 KwP-KuvPv iwRt cv_wgK we`vjq|
44| b~i AvdivR wgZz- 2009 KwP-KuvPv iwRt cv_wgK we`vjq|
45| Mvjvg ivwe- 2009 KwP-KuvPv iwRt cv_wgK we`vjq|
46| AvRnvij Bmjvg Av`i 2011 KwP-KuvPv iwRt cv_wgK we`vjq|
vDU kvLvq cwmWU vDU GvIqvW ARbKvix 18 Rb 1998-2011

10| myivBqv Avvi gyv-bvivqYcyi DP we`vjq- 2010|


11| Kvgij nvmvb f- gZje R,we cvBjU DP we`vjq 2009|
12| Rvevqi Avn`- gZje R,we cvBjU DP we`vjq - 2009|
13| gnwmb Avn`- gZje R,we cvBjU DP we`vjq- 2009|
14| gnw` nvmvb- gZje R,we cvBjU DP we`vjq- 2010|
15| G,GBP,Gg, gvqyb Bmjvg- gZje R,we cvBjU DP we`vjq-2010|
16| gygy cvvi- gZje cvBjU evwjKv DP we`vjq- 2011|
17| Avidv BqvQwgb BZvbv- gZje cvBjU evwjKv DP we`vjq- 2011|
18| b~mivZ dvinvbv web&Zz- gZje cvBjU evwjKv DP we`vjq- 2011|

1| mywcqv miKvi jvfjx- gZjeM cvBjU evwjKv DP we`vjq- 1998|


2| bymivZ Rvnvb wg_b- gZjeM cvBjU evwjKv DP we`vjq- 1999|
3| gviwRqv mvjvBgvb kviwgb- gZjeM cvBjU evwjKv DP we`vjq2000|
241

we`k gY 1995-2010 ch gvU 5 Rb


1| Wvt GbvqZ nvmb wkcjy, gZjeM cvBjU DP we`vjq|
242

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi,
gZje `wY

2| gviwRqv mvjvBgvb kviwgb-B`vbwkqv, gZje cvBjU evwjKv DP


we`vjq|
3| iwngv LvZzb jvcv- gvjxc-2004, gZje cvBjU evwjKv DP we`vjq |
4| RvbvZzj nK mvKx-fviZ (Ub Rv^yix), gZje cvBjU evwjKv DP we`vjq|
5| Avidv BqvQwgb BZvbv-fviZ, gZje cvBjU evwjKv DP we`vjq|
1984 mvj c_g gZje DcRjv _K 2q Rv^yixZ AskMnY Ki| Gi ci
ciB c~Yv wbevnx KwgwU MVbi NvlYv `Iqv nq| ZviB avivevwnKZvq 1985
mvj ZrKvjxb DcRjv wbevnx KgKZv Rbve Rqbvj Ave`xb mvnei
Zveavb KwgwU MwVZ nq :
mfvcwZ : Rbve Rqbvj Ave`xb, wbevnx KgKZv, gZje DcRjv|
Kwgkbvi : Rbve kvgQzvgvb-we,G,wewU|
Kvlva-evey Aai P` gRyg`vi, mnKvix wkK, gZjeM R,we cvBjU DP
we`vjq|

3| ij Avwgb Lvb, evi Uz w` gWj Ad gwiU|


4| gvKmy`yj nK evejy- evi Uz w` gWj Ad gwiU|
5| Aveyj Lvqi- evi Uz w` gWj Ad gwiU|
6| Avyi ivvK, evi Uz w` gWj Ad gwiU|
7| Avyi iwng- evi Uz w` gWj Ad gwiU|
8| bvRbxb Avvi- evi Uz w` gWj Ad gwiU|
eZgvb mfvcwZ : Rbve mwdKzj Bmjvg, wbevnx KgKZv, gZje `wY|
Kwgkbvi : Rbve evinvb Dwb Lvb, cavb wkK, gZje R,we cvBjU DP
we`vjq|
mv`K : Rbve weDwU eMg, mnKvix wkK, gZje cvBjU evwjKv DP
we`vjq|
Kvlva : Rbve dviK Avn` ev`j, KwP-KuvPv wc-KvWU zj|

mv`K : Rbve Rwgi Avn`, mnKvix wkK, GLjvkcyi DP we`vjq|


BmjvwgK dvDkb
k Kve wkK 2010evey wef~wZ f~lY miKvi, RvZxq chvq 1g
evsjv`k vDU KZK RvZxq chvq wewfb GvIqvW f~wlZ nb|
1| Rbve nvmb kixd Avn`- js mvwfm WKvikb|

Bmjvg cPvi-cmvii j 1975 mvji 22 gvP cwZv Kiv nq BmjvwgK


dvDkb| Avi GwU MYcRvZx evsjv`k miKvii ag welqK gYvjqi
Aaxb| Gi AbZg GKwU cK njv gmwR` wfwK wk I MYwkv Kvhg
`ki 485wU DcRjvZ Gi Kvhg iqQ Ges 36768wU wkv K`i
gvag megvU 52 j 86 nvRvi wkv_xK wkv c`vb Kiv nQ| 485wU
gWj wimvm mUvi iqQ Ges 1051wU mvaviY wimvm mUvi iqQ| GLvb
3wU i wkv `Iqv nq Zv njv :-

2| weDwU eMg, evi. Uz. w` gWj Ae gwiU|


243

244

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi,
gZje `wY

(1) cvK-cv_wgK, wkv msLv 30 Rb| (2) mnR KviAvb wkv, wkv_xi
msLv 35 Rb| (3) eq wkv, wkv_xi msLv 25 Rb| ZviB avivevwnKZvq
Puv`cyi Rjvi Aaxb gZje `wY DcRjvZ iqQ 1wU gWj wimvm mUvi
I 3wU mvaviY wimvm mUvi| AviI iqQ 52wU cvK-cv_wgK K` , 30wU
mnR KviAvb wkv K` Ges 2wU eq wkv K`| (m~- gvV Kgx, BmjvwgK
dvDkb, gZje `wY)
DcRjv `ybxwZ cwZiva KwgwU
`ybxwZ `gb Kwgkbi mnhvMx msv wnme mviv`ki bvq gZje `wY
DcRjvi `ybxwZ cwZiva KwgwU 2007 mvj _K hvv i Ki| GB KwgwUi
c_g mfvcwZ wQjb Rbve mvjvgZ Djvn Ges m`m mwPei `vwqZ cvjb Kib
di`m Aviv eMg| cieZxZ KwgwU cybMVb nj mfvcwZi `vwqZ cvb
W.KvRx nvkg Ges m`m mwPei `vwqZ cvb gvt gvdv Kvgvj| 2010 mvj
c~Yv KwgwU Abygv`b cj cybivq mfvcwZ wnme W. KvRx nvkg Ges m`m
mwPe wnme gvt gvdv Kvgvj `vwqZ cvb| eZgvb bZzb KwgwUi Abygv`b
cwqvaxb|
`ybxwZ cwZiva KwgwU gZje `wY kvLv MVbi ci _K RvZxq I AvRv wZK
`ybxwZ weivax Kgm~Pxi Ask wnme c_mfv, c`hvv, MYmshvMi gvag
MYmPbZv mwi j KvR Ki hvQ| `ybxwZ cwZiva KwgwUi g~j KvR
AvMvgx w`bi KYavi Qv mgvR `ybxwZ weivax gbvfve mwi j gZje
`wY Gi cwZwU wkv cwZvb mZZv msN MVb I nvj bvMv`KiY mb
nqQ| Qv-Qvx`i AskMnY iPbv cwZhvwMZv, wewfb wkv cwZvb
gvbeeb, mfv mwgbvii gvag `ybxwZweivax Kvhg Pvwjq hvQ| (m~mfvcwZ, DcRjv `ybxwZ cwZiva KwgwU, gZje `wY)

Aswk`vwiZ mvgvwRK ebvqbi Kvhg Avi nq 1981-82 A_eQi| gZje


`wY DcRjvq vbxq RbMYK wbq Askx`vwiZi gvag 1996-2012 mvji
ga G hver 42 wKjvwgUvi evMvb mRb Kiv nq| Rjevqy cwieZb weic
cfve gvKvejvq mviv`kevcx evcK ebvqbi j Pviv Dvjb kxlK
cKi AvIZvq gZje `wY DcRjvq 2009-2011 mvj 30,000 wU wewfb
cRvwZi Pviv webvg~j weZiY Kiv nq| 2012-13 A_eQi 18000wU wewfb
cRvwZi Pviv webvg~j weZiY Kiv ne| (m~ : divi, ebwefvM, grm
KgKZv, gZje `wY)
BDAvBGmwm
ZYg~j chvqi RbMYK RvZxq Dbqbi g~j mvZavivi mv_ m Kivi
j `ki 4501 wU BDwbqb cwil` BDwbqb Z_ I mevK` Z_v
BDAvBGmwm vcb Ki mgvRi meii RbMYK Z_mev `qvi D`vM
bqv nqQ gvbbxq cavbgxi Kvhvjq nZ| GiB Ask wnme gZje
DcRjvq 6wU BDwbqbi BDwbqb cwil` Awdm BDwbqb Z_ I mev K`
Lvjv nqQ| cwZwU K` 2 Rb D`vv (GKRb cyil I GKRb gwnjv)
mev c`vb Ki _vK cwZw`b| mevmg~n nQ KwDUvi KvR, BgBj,
BUvibU, Qwe Zvjv, KwDUvi cwkY, wewfb miKvwi dig, Rwgi LwZqvbi
Ave`b, gvev&Bj evswKs, we`yr wej Rgv, dUvKwc, Rxeb exgv, AbjvBb Kwl,
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Awdm, gZje `wY)

ebwefvM
eZgvb evsjv`ki gvU ebf~wgi cwigvY gvU f~wgi 17.50%| `ki
RbmsLv Abyhvqx gv_vwcQz ebf~wgi cwigvY .02 ni| vbxq RbMYi
245

gZjei IqemvBU
246

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi,
gZje `wY

MYcRvZx evsjv`k miKvi `kevcx GKwU IqemvBUi D`vM wbq


evevqb KiQ| G cvUvji gvag evsjv`ki mKj Rjv, DcRjv,
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IqemvBU| G IqemvBUi Dk nQ `ZZg mgq RbMYK Z_ I mev
cuQ `qv| GLvb Rjv, DcRjv, I BDwbqbi mKj cKvi Z_ mwbewkZ
iqQ| hvMvhvMi Rb mKj Awdmi dvb bv^vi I BgBj wVKvbv iqQ|
cwZwU Awdmi wevwiZ Z_ iqQ Ges mevi ZvwjKv iqQ| h KD h
Kvb mgq h Kvb Z_ I mev cZ cvi| G IqemvBU mKj miKvwi,
emiKvwi, mevagx cwZvbi Aswk`vwiZ iqQ| Rjv, DcRjv, BDwbqb
chvqi mKj Awdm GKhvM G IqemvBU Z_ AvcjvW KiQ hv hKvb
mgq RbMY cZ cvi| AbyMn Ki wfwRU Kib Ges DcfvM KibcwZvb/GjvKv

IqemvBUi wVKvbv

Pvu`cyi Rjv

http://www.chandpur.gov.bd/

gZje `wY DcRjv

http://matlabsouth.chandpur.gov.bd/

bvqiMvuI Di BDwbqb

http://nayergaonnorthup.chandpur.gov.bd/

bvqiMvuI `wY BDwbqb

http://nayergaonsouthup.chandpur.gov.bd/

Lv`iMvuI BDwbqb

http://khadergaonup.chandpur.gov.bd/

bvivqYcyi BDwbqb

http://narayanpurup.chandpur.gov.bd/

Dcv`x `wY BDwbqb

http://upadisouthup.chandpur.gov.bd/

Dcv`x Di BDwbqb

http://upadinorthup.chandpur.gov.bd/

AvBwmwWwWAviwe
gZje kb
AvRv wZK D`ivgq MelYv K`, evsjv`k (AvBwmwWwWAviwe) 1978 mvji
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jveiUixK GKwU AvRv wZK MelYv cwZvb icvii cv e Abygv`b Ki
Ges Z`byhvqx AvRvwZK D`ivgq MelYv K`, evsjv`ki Kvhg i nq|
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AvRv wZK mevg~jK I AjvfRbK cwZvb GwU| GB cwZvbi Kvhg
Wvqwiqv ivM I Gi mv_ cZfve RwoZ cyw I RbmsLv welqK MelYv
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cwZ Dveb, Dbqb, Wvqwiqv ivM wevi iva I wbqY Ges wekl Ki
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lvUi `kKi Mvovi w`K `wY c~e Gwkqv Pzw msvi D`vM (SEATO)
Kjiv ivMi wPwKrmv I GKwU KvhKix cwZiva eev Mo Zvjvi j
XvKvq cvK-wmqvUv Kjiv wimvP jeviUix (PS-CRL) bvg GKwU MelYvMvi
cwZwZ nq| eni Kzwgj-v Rjvi gZje Aj Kjiv Dc`Z ev Kjiv
AaywlZ weavq G gZje AjB wPwKrmv I MelYv Kvhg i Kivi wmv
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cvk AewZ WvK evsjv msjM Lvjv gvV Zvuey LvwUq wUbi Pvjv Zzj
Avqxfve Kjiv wPwKrmv K` Pvjy Kiv nq| cieZxZ GKwU evR msMn Ki
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cwZvbwUK Avw_K I Abvb mnhvwMZv Ki AvmQ| gZje kb A
cwZvbi eng gvV MelYv K`| 1992Bs mb cwZvbwU wbR^ weivU

(m~ : BDGbI Awdm, gZje `wY)

247

248

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi,
gZje `wY

Kvvm vbvwiZ nq Ges gZje `wY DcRjvi bvqiMuvI I Lv`iMuvI G


Dc-K`i gvag Wvqwiqv wPwKrmv I cwkY K` cwiPvwjZ nq AvmQ|
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weewPZ nqQ| RvZxq I AvRv wZK chvq Rb^v cK cYZvMY wewfb
mgq wewfbfve GB kb cwi`kb I cwkY MnY KiQb|
Z_m~ : AvBwmwWwWAviwe gZje kb _K cwiZ jLvi mvi msc|

cg Aavq : f~wg eevcbv


f~wgi AZxZ c_v I cwZ
Rwg`vix c_v: fviZ gymwjg kvmb m~Pbvi cvvj `Lv MQ w`j-xZ h mg
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KiZb| gymwjg AvgjI kvmKMY Zv`i gZv mymsnZ KiZ wn`y
ivRv`iK wewfb GjvKvq ivR^ Av`vqi `vwqZ `b hviv Rwg`vi wnme
Avwef~Z nq| myjZvbx Avgj myjZvbiv, gvMj Avgj mvUiv, wewUk Avgj
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Pvwl`iKB gvwjK ej MY KiZb| Ze ivR^ bv w`j Rwg`viiv PvlxK Rwg
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KgKZv| G mg ivR^ Av`vqKvix KgKZvMY Payix ev Rwg`vi c`ex ARb
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249

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374-377)|
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AwaMnY I cRv^Z AvBb KvhKi Kivi j iKW _K Rwg`vii bvg ev`
`qv I cRvi bvg gvwjK wnme Afyw I Rwg`vi`i wZc~iY avhi Rb
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gvMj mvgvR h KqKwU myevn ev c`k wef wQj Zvi ga myevq evjv
wQj GKwU| Awef evsjv Qvov I fviZi wenvi ivRi fvMjcyi I c~wYqv
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250

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi,
gZje `wY

(5) LwjdvZvev` (6) eMjv ev evKjv (7) c~wYqv (8) ZvRcyi (9) NvovNvU
(10) cviv (11) evivKvev` (12) evRynv (13) mvbviMuvI ev mvbviMuvI (14)
wmjnU ev kxn (15) PvUMuvI (16) kixdvev` (17) mvjvqgvbvev` (18)
mvZMuvI I (19) g`viY ev gv`viY| mgvU AvKeii ivR^ gx ivRv UvWigj
1582 wLv GKwU ivR^ ZvwjKv Zix Kib| H ZvwjKvq eZgvb Kzwgj-v
Rjvi AwaKvsk Aj Afy
wQj| Aveyj dRj iwPZ AvBb-B-AvKeix M
mvbviMuvI miKvi gvU 52wU ciMYv wQj ej Kzwgj-v Rjvi BwZnvm `Lv
hvq | ciMYvwj njvwgK bs
1
2

ciMYvi bvg

ivR^/UvKv

Di kvncyi (gZje)

9711 UvKv

ej`vLvj

17352 UvKv

0 `vg

cyiPw

3002 UvKv

2 `vg

ei`xqv

907 UvKv

11

wmsniMuvI

8509 UvKv

5 `vg

12

kK`x

4619 UvKv

20 `vg

13

wkiPvj-kxPvBj

325 UvKv

14

Ki`x

2239 UvKv

30 `vg

15

gniKzj

25986 UvKv

30 `vg

16

gnvi

1520 UvKv

17

gbvnvicyi

1332 UvKv

21 `vg

18

gnxPvj

625 UvKv

19

bvivqYcyi

23519 UvKv

20

nvgbv evRy

7032 UvKv

21

mZi Lj (kxn miKvi)

9761 UvKv

25 `vg

32 `vg

Zziv

2622 UvKv

30 `vg

Pv`cyi ev Puv`cyi

3000 UvKv

`wY kvncyi

5997 UvKv

30 `vg

251

15 `vg

1 `vg

5930 UvKv

102 UvKv

113 UvKv

2 `vg

evqvwjqv

cvwUKviv

ivqcyi

`vg

10

1618 wLv mgvU Rvnvxii Avgj wcyiv ivR gvMj`i kvmbvaxb Avm
Ges miKvi D`qcyi bvgK Avi GKwU miKvii mw nq| m mgq eZgvb
Kzwgj-v Rjv I wcyiv ivRmn mgM c~e evsjvi f~wg ivR^i AbK
msvi mvwaZ nq Ges wewfb ciMYvi ivR^ b~Zb Ki wbavwiZ nq| 1658
252

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi,
gZje `wY

wLv evsjvi myev`vi kvn myRv (1639-1660wLt) evsjvi ivR^ eev


cybMVb Kib| GB ivR^ ZvwjKvK evsjvi wZxq ivR^ ZvwjKv ejv nq|
1722 wLv beve gywk` Kzjx Luv ivR^ ZvwjKv cybMVb Kib Ges mwU wQj
gvMj Avgji evsjvi ZZxq ivR^ ZvwjKv| gywk` Kzjx Luv mgM myevq
evjvK gvU 13wU PvKjv I 1660wU ciMYvq wef Kib| PvKjvwj wQj
wbgic : 1| e`i evjvkvi 2| wnRjx 3| gywk`vev` 4| eagvb 5| Mjx ev
mvZMuvI 6| f~lYv 7| hkvi 8| AvKei bMi (ivRgnj) 9| NvovNvU 10|
Kwoevwo 11| RvnvxibMi (XvKv) 12| kxn 13| Bmjvgvev` (PMvg)| Zuvi
ivR^ ZvwjKv wfwK 1728 wL: eZgvb Kzwgj-v Rjvi ciMYvwji h ZvwjKv
cZ
nq mwU cieZxKvj Rgm& MvU bvgK B Bwqv Kvvbxi GKRb
KgKZv msMn KiwQjb| mB ZvwjKvi Dci wfw Ki Kjvm P` wmsni
iwPZ ivRgvjv ev wcyivi BwZnvm bvgK M h ZvwjKv w`qQb Zv`i mwU
bvg I ivR^i cwigvYmn `Iqv MjwgK bs

ciMYvi bvg

evwlK ivR^ (UvKv)

8.

nvgbvev`

26,817

9.

Ki`x

3,058

10.

Kvwkgcyi

2,948

11.

gvQzqvLvj

2,737

12.

BKZv`cyi

13.

Kv`ev

14.

Avwgivev`

15.

e`ivev`

9,926

1.

Di kvncyi

8,683

16.

gneZcyi

6,456

2.

`yj-vB

4,723

17.

gnxPvj

3,322

3.

`wY kvncyi

3,417

18.

gnvi

7,894

4.

Mvgj

16,389

19.

bvivqYcyi

3,284

5.

jnMo

4,690

20.

bqvev`

3,041

6.

bb`x

11,810

21.

cvBUKviv

7.

MvcvjbMi

615

22.

vgcyi

253

22,377
864
254

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi,
gZje `wY

23.

wmsniMuvI

14,397

5.

gneZcyi

6,456

24.

kvgcyi

2,249

6.

gnxPvj

3,322

25.

kxPvj

1,321

7.

gbvnicyi

2,030

26.

wmvBi

3,516

8.

gnvi

7,894

27.

kK`x

2,942

9.

bvivqYcyi

3,284

28.

Uviv Bevnxgcyi

14,381

10.

bqvev`

3,401

29.

ej`vLvj

83,843

11.

cvwUKviv

22,377

30.

mivBj mZi Lj

1,11,084

12.

wmsniMuvI

14,397

3,76,784

13.

kvgcyi

2,249

14.

kxPvBj

1,321

evwlK ivR^ (UvKv)

15.

wkvBi

3,516

26,817

16.

kK`x

2,942

610

17.

kvnRv`cyi

1,994

18.

Uviv

miKvi mvbviMuvI
wgK bs

ciMYvi bvg

1.

nvgbvev`

2.

Kvwkgcyi-gvQzqvLvj

3.

jvnMov

4,690

4.

gniKzj

18,000
255

14,381

256

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi,
gZje `wY

AkvK mb I Abvb cYxZ w_ vwWR Ab `v AvMvwiqb vKPvi ej


1850-1947 M evsjvi Rwg`vi, ga^ZfvMx, ivqZ`i Aaxb Pvli Rwgi
gvwjKvbvi nvi wQjv wbic:
Rjv

Rwg`vi

ga^ZfvMx

ivqZ (Pvlx-gvwjK)

Aaxb ivqZ

wcyiv

3.76%

9.57%

83.87%

2.80%

wQj Ges Rwg`vii jvKiv KlK`i bvbv fve AZvPvi Drcxob KiZ| Zuviv
KlK`i viv Rvi c~eK bxji Pvl KivZ| G mgq Dg`x, bvivqYcyi,
gvnbcyi GjvKvq bxji KzwV wQj (eZgvb b`x Mf wejxb iqQ) Ges GLbI
QviPi cimfv I KjvKv`v BDwbqb KqKwU bxji PK iqQ|
(m~ : Kvgivgvb wmK`vii gZje Di DcRjvi BwZnvm kxlK eB)

gZjei wKQz ciMYvi bvg I ZwR bs


gZje Rwg`vix c_v :
B Bwqv Kvvbxi Rgm MvU bvgK KgKZv KZK Kzwgj-v Rjvq h
Rwg`vixjvi ZvwjKv Kzwgj-v Rjvi BwZnvm cvIqv hvq Zvi KqKwU gNbvi
c~e AewZ| ZvB ej ai bIqv wVK ne bv h Gwj gZjei| Ze
BKZv`cyi ciMYv, evqvwjqv ciMYv, wmsniMuvI ciMYv I Mvgj ciMYv
BZvw` gZje DcRjvi Ask| Kbbv Rwg`vixi ZvwjKvwU B Bwqv Kvvbxi
Rgm MvU KZK cYxZ njI Rwg`vixjv g~jZ gvMj Avgji Ges nZ
cvi ZLbI gZje DcRjvi GmKj Rwg wnme AvIZvq Avmwb| Ze GKUv
K_v Dj-L Kiv `iKvi Kzwgj-v Rjv wKsev wcyiv Rjvi ciMYvjv KLbI
c_Kfve KLbI mvgwKfve _vKjI Rvnvxi bMi (XvKv), KLbI miKvi
mvbviMuvI-i Aaxb, KLbI iIkvbvev`i Aaxb KLbI ev gqgbwmsn
KvjKUii Aaxb wQj| m wnme Rwg`vwiwj mvbviMuvI I gqgbwmsn
eivei gNbvi c~e cvk eySvq| Ze Zv`iB Ask gZje iqQ GUv wVK Ges
wewfb ZvjyK`vii gvag Zviv f~wg cwiPvjbv KiQb| GgbwK gvMj Avgji
1600 mvji c~e Rwg`vi`i Ask G DcRjvq bv _vKviB K_v| H mgqi
c~e gZje `wY GjvKv jgjg mvMi wQjv ej aviYv Kiv nq| 1757 mvji
23 k Ryb cjvkxi cvi cnmb g~jK hyi djkywZZ beve wmivR-D`
`jvi fvM wechqi gvag evsjvi ^vaxbZv m~h AwgZ nq Ges BsiR B
Bwqv Kvvbx G`ki kvmbfvi MnY Ki| G Avgj GLvb Rwg`vix c_v
257

ciMbvi bvg

ZwR bs

eZgvb GjvKv

gneZcyi

61

gZje cimfv

ivRbMi

222,23,24,25,26

wmsMvBi

59

wLw`icyi, bvqiMuvI GjvKv

BZKv`cyi

57, 58

Kvwkgcyi

bvivqYcyi

196

bvivqYcyi, Lv`iMvuI BDwbqb

f~wg eevcbv msv Z_vw`


gZje `wY DcRjvi 155bs Kjv`x gRvi 1bs Lvm LwZqvbf~ 430 `vMi
gZje ci f~wg Awdmi KvPvix evwoi f~wgZ DcRjv f~wg Awdm AewZ |

2| DcRjvi gvU AvqZb

: 131.69 eM wKjvwgUvi |
258

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi,
gZje `wY

BDwbqb f~wg Awdm wfwK gRv : 1| gZje ci f~t At = 21 wU


3| cimfv

: 01(GK)wU| AvqZb =31.4 eM wKjv wgUvi |

2| bvqiMvuI BD,f~t At = 36wU


3| bvivqYcyi

4| BDwbqb

: 06(Qq)wU | AvqZb = 100.29 eM wKjv wgUvi |

= 24 wU

4| Dcv`x(Dt) = 07 wU
5| Dcv`x (`t) = 09wU

5| gvU Mvg msLv : 131wU


6| gvU RbmsL&v

10| DcRjvq gvU(Kwl I A-Kwl) Lvm f~wgi cwigvY :

: 2,25,740 Rb |
cyiyl 1,10,260Rb, gwnjv 1,15,480 Rb |

7| DcRjvq gvU f~wgi cwigvY = 32,542GKi, Kwl Rwgi cwigvY =


23,813 GKi, A-Kwl Rwgi cwigvY = 8,728GKi

1| 1568.375GKi Za
2| 1g L 1411.355 GKi | (b`x/Lvj/ivv)
3| 2q L 149.99 GKi | (bvj Rwg)
4| 3q L 7.03| (wmKw/cqw)
5| 4_ L bvB | (AwaMnY)

8| DcRjvq gvU BDwbqb f~wg Awdmi msLv : 05wU |


1| gZje ci f~wg Awdm

11| DcRjvq gvU wf,wc mwi cwigvY : 902.4571 GKi, jxRKZ


144.2782 GKi| bw_ msLv 159 wU|

2| bvqiMvuI BDwbqb f~wg Awdm


3| bvivqYcyi BDwbqb f~wg Awdm
4| Dcv`x (Dt) BDwbqb f~wg Awdm
5| Dcv`x (`t) BDwbqb f~wg Awdm

9| DcRjvi gvU gRv msLv : 97 wU|


259

260

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi,
gZje `wY

12| BDwbqb f~wg Awdm Iqvix wf, wc mwi cwigvY :


(K) gZje ci f~wg Awdm : gvU wf.wc Rwg = 338.2165GKi,
(L) bvqiMvuI BDt f~wg Awdm : gvU wf.wc Rwg = 305.8650GKi,
(M) bvivqYcyi BDt f~wg Awdm : gvU wf.wc Rwg =168.8456GKi,
(L) Dcv`x (Dt) BDt f~wg Awdm : gvU wf.wc Rwg = 35.56GKi,
(M) Dcv`x (`t) BDt f~wg Awdm : gvU wf.wc Rwg = 53.97GKi,

17| Lvm f~wg f~wgnxb cwievi Gi AbyK~j e`vei AMMwZ :


* 2008-09 A_eQi 27wU f~wgnxb cwievii ga 0.87 GKi f~wg e`ve
c`vb Kiv nqQ |
* 2009-2010 A_ eQi 101wU cwievii ga 18.0724 GKi f~wg e`ve
c`vb Kiv nqQ |
* 2010-2011 A_ eQi 46wU cwievii ga 3.85 GKi f~wg e`ve c`vb
Kiv AvQ |
(m~ : mnKvix Kwgkbvi (f~wg), AwZwi `vwqZ)
gRv cwiwPwZ (ZvwjKv )

13| mvqivZ gnvj msv Z_vejx :


(K) gvU nvU/evRvii msLv = 17wU (cimfvi 4wU, cimfv ewnf~Z 13wU )

RywimwWKkb ZvwjKv

(L) gvU jNvU

DcRjv-gZje `wY

= 04wU

Rjv-Pvu`cyi |

* eiw`qv ivvi gv_v bvgK jNvUwU, Rjv ckvmK gnv`q KZK BRviv c`vb
Kiv nq|
* gZje jNvU, gvQ~qvLvj jNvU, bvqiMvuI jNvU 03wU we, AvB, Wvwe-D,
wU, G KZK BRviv c`vb Kiv nq |

1985-86 Bs mb RwicKZ mUjgU gRvmg~ni ZvwjKv :


wgK
bs

cimfv/
BDwbqb

gRvi bvg

R,
gRvi gvU
Gj, bs
AvqZb

(M) bKv NvU 01wU (Rjv cwil` KZK BRviv c`vb Kiv nq|)
(N) dixNvU 01wU (moK I Rbc_ wefvM _K BRviv nq)

(GKi)
1

= 159wU |

16| ea BUfvUv 04wU gvU Rwgi cwigvY =7.28 GKi |


261

gZje

Picv_vwjqv

146

226.91 gZje
`wY
DcRjv

Piwbjx

147

75.83 gZje
`wY
DcRjv

cimfv

14| gvU Anvqx `vKvb jvBm gvKgvi msLv = 304 wU |


15| gvU wf,wc jxRKZ bw_i msLv

DcRjvi
bvg

gZje
cimfv

262

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi,
gZje `wY

gZje

wbjx

148

cimfv
4

gZje

Pibqv

149

cimfv
5

gZje
cimfv

gZje

gZje ci
mfv
gZje

150

610.00 gZje
`wY
DcRjv

PigyKzw`

153

452.08 gZje
`wY
DcRjv

evBkcyi

Kjv`x

154

155

cimfv
9

gZje

beKjm

156

cimfv
10

gZje
cimfv

11

gZje

40.78 gZje
`wY
DcRjv

Di
Dg`x

cimfv
7

43.73 gZje
`wY
DcRjv

AvjMx
gyKzw`

156

fvvicvo

166
263

cimfv
12

13

14

167

245.97 gZje
`wY
DcRjv

`wY
Dg`x

169

240.88 gZje
`wY
DcRjv

gZje

gybQzew`

170

82.25 gZje
`wY
DcRjv

`~iMvuI

175

123.24 gZje
`wY
DcRjv

XvwKiMvuI

176

218.95 gZje
`wY
DcRjv

wkjgw`

178

183.64 gZje
`wY
DcRjv

cimfv

179.91 gZje
`wY
DcRjv

16

622.19 gZje
`wY

gZje
cimfv

15

63.76 gZje
`wY
DcRjv

abvicvo

cimfv

1442012 gZje
`wY
DcRjv

173.12 gZje
`wY
DcRjv

gZje

DcRjv

gZje
cimfv
gZje
cimfv

17

gZje
cimfv

18

gZje ci
mfv

kvfbKw`

179

255.49 gZje
`wY
DcRjv

19

gZje

gveviK`x

180

353.87 gZje
`wY

264

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi,
gZje `wY

cimfv
20

21

gZje ci
mfv
gZje

w`Nj`x

bjyqv

181

182

cimfv
22

23

1bs bvqiMvuI cqvix


(Dt) BDt wct Lvjv
1bs bvqiMvuI KvwPqviv
(Dt) BDt wct

88

92

DcRjv

28

111

1500.02 gZje
`wY
DcRjv

1bs bvqiMvuI Zzlcyi


(Dt) BDt wct

311.61 gZje
`wY
DcRjv

29

112

747071 gZje
`wY
DcRjv

1bs bvqiMvuI wkecyi


(Dt) BDt wct

153.00 gZje
`wY
DcRjv

30

113

1467.63 gZje
`wY
DcRjv

1bs bvqiMvuI UgvB


(Dt) BDt wct

163.10 gZje
`wY
DcRjv

31

2bs
bvqiMvuI
(`t) BDt wct

Avwkbcyi

87

1205.09 gZje
`wY
DcRjv

32

2bs
bvqiMvuI
(`t) BDt wct

KvwjqvBk

98

256.00 gZje
`wY
DcRjv

1093.62 gZje
`wY
DcRjv

24

1bs bvqiMvuI Mvwe`cyi


(Dt) BDt wct

89

80.50 gZje
`wY
DcRjv

25

1bs bvqiMvuI Piwkjw`


(Dt) BDt wct

107

63.79 gZje
`wY
DcRjv

33

2bs
bvqiMvuI
(`t) BDt wct

Nvovavix

114

188.80 gZje
`wY
DcRjv

26

1bs bvqiMvuI wcZv^`x


(Dt) BDt wct

108

85.80 gZje
`wY
DcRjv

34

2bs
bvqiMvuI
(`t) BDt wct

LMcyi

116

340.37 gZje
`wY
DcRjv

27

1bs bvqiMvuI Nvbv


(Dt) BDt wct

110

130.04 gZje
`wY
DcRjv

35

2bs
bvqiMvuI
(`t) BDt wct

ZvZLvbv

117

72.44 gZje
`wY
DcRjv

265

266

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi,
gZje `wY

36

37

38

39

40

41

42

43

2bs
bvqiMvuI
(`t) BDt wct

nwiqb

2bs
bvqiMvuI
(`t) BDt wct

wLw`icyi

2bs
bvqiMvuI
(`t) BDt wct

cvPuNwiqv

2bs
bvqiMvuI
(`t) BDt wct

Avaviv

2bs
bvqiMvuI
(`t) BDt wct

KvwRqviv

3bs
Lv`iMvuI
BDt wct

LvmPi

3bs
Lv`iMvuI
BDt wct

kvncyi

3bs

jvgPix

119

192

193

194

195

109

118

127
267

54.16 gZje
`wY
DcRjv
295.68 gZje
`wY
DcRjv
150.45 gZje
`wY
DcRjv
--- gZje
`wY
DcRjv
718.84 gZje
`wY
DcRjv
210.67 gZje
`wY
DcRjv
184.19 gZje
`wY
DcRjv
464.30 gZje

Lv`iMvuI
BDt wct

`wY
DcRjv

44

3bs
Lv`iMvuI
BDt wct

PiPvu`cyi

128

57.87 gZje
`wY
DcRjv

45

3bs
Lv`iMvuI
BDt wct

ccvj

186

76.03 gZje
`wY
DcRjv

46

3bs
Lv`iMvuI
BDt wct

Lv`iMvuI

187

71.25 gZje
`wY
DcRjv

47

3bs
Lv`iMvuI
BDt wct

ejZx

188

142.34 gZje
`wY
DcRjv

48

3bs
Lv`iMvuI
BDt wct

Mvqvj
Mvfv

189

36.61 gZje
`wY
DcRjv

49

3bs
Lv`iMvuI
BDt wct

Zjx gvQzqv

190

389.01 gZje
`wY
DcRjv

50

3bs
Lv`iMvuI

Pvu`cyi

191

37.68 gZje
`wY

268

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi,
gZje `wY

BDt wct
51

52

53

54

55

56

57

58

3bs
Lv`iMvuI
BDt wct

bvivqYcyi

3bs
Lv`iMvuI
BDt wct

fvbyicvo

3bs
Lv`iMvuI
BDt wct

igwnlv

3bs
Lv`iMvuI
BDt wct

cywUqv

3bs
Lv`iMvuI
BDt wct

Mofvv

3bs
Lv`iMvuI
BDt wct

wNjvZjx

3bs
Lv`iMvuI
BDt wct

bvM`v

4bs
bvivqYcyi
BDt wct

PviUfvv

201

202

203

204

205

206

209

196

269

DcRjv

59

KvwjKvcyi

197

363.50 gZje
`wY
DcRjv

4bs
bvivqYcyi
BDt wct

595.94 gZje
`wY
DcRjv

60

Dt
Mvwe`cyi

198

15.85 gZje
`wY
DcRjv

4bs
bvivqYcyi
BDt wct

451.44 gZje
`wY
DcRjv

61

WvwUKviv

199

181.91 gZje
`wY
DcRjv

4bs
bvivqYcyi
BDt wct

89.74 gZje
`wY
DcRjv

62

mvicvo

200

115.74 gZje
`wY
DcRjv

4bs
bvivqYcyi
BDt wct

287.19 gZje
`wY
DcRjv

63

eviMvuI

207

53.40 gZje
`wY
DcRjv

4bs
bvivqYcyi
BDt wct

579.54 gZje
`wY
DcRjv

64

PvcvZjx

208

356.31 gZje
`wY
DcRjv

4bs
bvivqYcyi
BDt wct

125.42 gZje
`wY
DcRjv

65

cqvjx

210

852.14 gZje
`wY
DcRjv

4bs
bvivqYcyi
BDt wct

299..04 gZje
`wY
DcRjv

66

hvwMPvcyi

211

38.62 gZje
`wY
DcRjv

4bs
bvivqYcyi
BDt wct

246.985 gZje
`wY
DcRjv

67

4bs
bvivqYcyi

imyjcyi

212

388.69 gZje
`wY

270

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi,
gZje `wY

BDt wct
68

4bs
bvivqYcyi
BDt wct

jxcyi

213

165.84 gZje
`wY
DcRjv

69

4bs
bvivqYcyi
BDt wct

`jZcyi

214

315.36 gZje
`wY
DcRjv

4bs
bvivqYcyi
BDt wct

nwi`vmcvov

4bs
bvivqYcyi
BDt wct

e`icyi

72

4bs
bvivqYcyi
BDt wct

Kvwkgcyi

217

614.91 gZje
`wY
DcRjv

73

4bs
bvivqYcyi
BDt wct

c~iY

218

252.66 gZje
`wY
DcRjv

74

4bs
bvivqYcyi
BDt wct

PvcvwZqv

219

119.60 gZje
`wY
DcRjv

75

4bs
bvivqYcyi

cyUzqv cvov

220

53.23 gZje
`wY

70

71

BDt wct

DcRjv

215

216

271

129.46 gZje
`wY
DcRjv
-- gZje
`wY
DcRjv

DcRjv

76

4bs
bvivqYcyi
BDt wct

wPivqy

221

316.84 gZje
`wY
DcRjv

77

4bs
bvivqYcyi
BDt wct

bvUkvj

222

76.35 gZje
`wY
DcRjv

78

4bs
bvivqYcyi
BDt wct

gwbMvuI

223

166.24 gZje
`wY
DcRjv

79

4bs
bvivqYcyi
BDt wct

Mveyqv

224

175.95 gZje
`wY
DcRjv

80

4bs
bvivqYcyi
BDt wct

jKvUv

225

69.39 gZje
`wY
DcRjv

81

4bs
bvivqYcyi
BDt wct

Picqvjx

226

108.11 gZje
`wY
DcRjv

82

5bs Dcv`x
(Dt) BDt wct

Dcv`x

165

1021.11 gZje
`wY
DcRjv

272

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi,
gZje `wY

83

5bs Dcv`x
(Dt) BDt wct

`jw`qv

227

62.36 gZje
`wY
DcRjv

90

6bs Dcv`x
(`t) BDt wct

Nvovavix

217

702.01 gZje
`wY
DcRjv

84

5bs Dcv`x
(Dt) BDt wct

AvQjwQjv

228

287.89 gZje
`wY
DcRjv

91

6bs Dcv`x
(`t) BDt wct

`t
Mvwe`cyi

234

215.03 gZje
`wY
DcRjv

85

5bs Dcv`x
(Dt) BDt wct

aywjDov

229

41.63 gZje
`wY
DcRjv

92

6bs Dcv`x
(`t) BDt wct

evKiv

236

728.16 gZje
`wY
DcRjv

86

5bs Dcv`x
(Dt) BDt wct

bIMvuI

230

943.44 gZje
`wY
DcRjv

93

6bs Dcv`x
(`t) BDt wct

MvmvBcyi

237

194.99 gZje
`wY
DcRjv

87

5bs Dcv`x
(Dt) BDt wct

wWvfvv

231

758.05 gZje
`wY
DcRjv

94

6bs Dcv`x
(`t) BDt wct

ajvBZjx

238

247.09 gZje
`wY
DcRjv

88

5bs Dcv`x
(Dt) BDt wct

enix

232

947.83 gZje
`wY
DcRjv

95

6bs Dcv`x
(`t) BDt wct

kxcyi

239

99.95 gZje
`wY
DcRjv

89

6bs Dcv`x
(`t) BDt wct

wcsov

215

615.15 gZje
`wY
DcRjv

96

6bs Dcv`x
(`t) BDt wct

KvUiv e

240

198.34 gZje
`wY
DcRjv

273

274

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi,
gZje `wY

97

6bs Dcv`x
(`t) BDt wct

Kie

241

715.19 gZje
`wY
DcRjv

gvU Lvm Rwgi


cwigvb

gvU e`ve
hvM

Kwl

Kwl

A-Kwl

gvU e`ve
KZ

A-Kwl

Kwl

(m~t mnKvix Kwgkbvi (f~wg), AwZwi `vwqZ)

f~wg Dbqb Ki
A_ eQi

Av`vq
mvaviY

ge

msv

AKwl

Aewk

Kwl

AKwl

(e`ve
hvM bq )

366.97

40.7850

154.8054

40.7850

154.8054

34.28

212.1646

6.505

gvU
gZje `wY DcRjvi AwcZ mw

20092010

23,70,799/=

20102011

24,67,416/=

6,65,436/=

30,36,235/=
.
bs

45,925/=

gvU
gRv

wf, wc
m
gRv

gvix ZvwjKv
f~ AwcZ
mw (L
Zdwmj)

cZvcb
ZvwjKvf~
AwcZ mw
(K Zdwmj )

gvU mw

gZje
ci f~wg
Awdm

21wU

15wU

282.5498

55.6667

338.2165

bvqiMvuI
BDt f~wg
Awdm

36wU

17wU

272.6525

33.2125

305.8650

bvivqYcyi
BDwbqb
f~wg Awdm

24wU

10wU

147.3566

21.4890

168.8456

25,13,341/=

20112012

29,64,156/=

92,919/=

30,57,075/=

20122013

35,57,000/=

15,817/=

35,72,817/=

gZje `wY DcRjvi Lvm Rwg

275

BDt f~wg
Awdmi
bvg

276

(K+L
Zdwmj)

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi,
gZje `wY

Dcv`x
(Dt)
BDwbqY
f~wg Awdm

7wU

Dcv`x
`wY
BDwbqb
f~wg Awdm

09wU

gvU =

97wU

03wU

33.2900

02.2700

Lsbs01 `vM bs
67/235
cwigvY= 1.97
GKi

03wU

52.3300

01.6400

53.9700

48wU

=788.1789

=114.2782

Lvm cyKzii
bvg

Aevb

Zdwmj

jKvUv Lvm
cyKzi

4bs
bvivqYcyi
BDt wc t

207bs jKvUv
Ls bs01,`vM
bs100/162
cwigvY=2.74 GKi

5
ge

bvw`gLvi w`Nx
(cKvk
evoMvuI

4bs
bvivqYcyi
BDt wc t

189bs evoMvuI

gZje eo
gmwR` I
RMbv_ gw`i
msjM eo
cyKyi

gZje
cimfv

gRv-155bs
Kjv`x

(gZje
evRvi)

Ls bs 01,`vM bs
405

cwigvY= 11.79
GKi

Rbmvavib
i eenvh
6

cwigvY=0.74GKi

bvivqYcyi
gmwR` I
gw`i msjM

3bs
Lv`iMvuI
BDt wct

201bs bvivqYcyi

c~iY Lvm
cyKzi

4bs
bvivqYcyi
BDt wc t

gRv 218bs c~iY

cwigvY 0.45 GKi


3

c~iY Lvm w`wN

4bs

gRv-218bs c~iY
277

cwigvY= 0.85

BRviv KZ

Lsbs 01,100/324

wLw`icyi w`wN
(wLw`icyi
cyKzi )

Rbmvavibi
eenvh

Lsbs 01. `vM bs


1083

Lvm cyKzi
2

BRvivKZ

Lsbs01, `vM bs
1425

cyKzi)
1

BRvivKZ

=902.4571

gvU Rjgnvji msLv = 10wU (20 GKii bxP )


wgK
bs

bvivqYcyi
BDt wc t

35.5600

2bs
192bs wLw`icyi
bvqiMvuI
Lsbs 01 `vMbs
(`t) BDt wct
288

BRvivKZ
278

BRvivKZ

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi,
gZje `wY

cwigvY=1.49 GKi
8

wLw`icyi w`wN

2bs
192bs wLw`icyi
bvqiMvuI
Lsbs 308
(`t) BDt wct
`vMbs88/99

wf,wc
ZvwjKvf~

cwigvY=0.88
GKi
9

wLw`icyi QvU
cyKzi

2bs
192bs wLw`icyi
bvqiMvuI
Ls bs01`vMbs
(`t) BDt wct
279/638

wf,wc
ZvwjKvf~

cwigY=0.85 GKi
10

enix
5bs Dcv`x
iweDjvn w`wN (Dt) BDt wc
t

232bs enix

BRvivKZ

Ls bs 01 `vM bs
305
cwigvY=8.39 GKi

(m~ : mwdKzj Bmjvg, mnKvix Kwgkbvi (f~wg), AwZwi `vwqZ)

279

280

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi,
gZje `wY

GjvKvi bvg, cwievi I RbmsLv

l Aavq : cimfv/BDwbqbmg~n
gZje cimfv
fMwjK : abvMv`v b`xi Zxi Nl gZje cimfv GjvKv| Di gZje
Di DcRjv, c~e Lv`iMvuI BDwbqb I Dcv`x BDwbqb, `wY Pvu`cyi m`i
DcRjv Ges cwg Pvu`cyi m`i DcRjv I gZje Di DcRjv|

BDwbqb/cimfv
gZje cimfv

gvU RbmsLv

31,235

gvU cwievi

gvU RbmsLv

45569

2,10,050

1891

8854

`wY evBkcyi

899

4293

cwg evBkcyi

404

1902

Di evBkcyi

588

2659

gZje DcRjv
gvU

(AvqZb GKi)
31958

IqvW 1

281

gwnjv

28,051

GjvKv

59,826

cyil

282

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi,
gZje `wY

IqvW 2

1313

5429

K`gZjx

81

363

eveyicvov

192

798

wbjx

97

428

`Micyi

663

1413

IqvW 5

1108

4892

abvicvo

1990

1713

AvjMxgyKz`x

31

153

cjcvov

368

1501

gybmyx

165

662

IqvW 3

2760

11470

Di Dg`x

486

2139

fvsMvicvo

217

1011

fbKiw`

217

925

`vmcvov

275

1240

wkjg`x

209

1013

1967

8108

IqvW 6

1873

7818

301

1111

XvwKiMuvI

463

2005

IqvW 4

1023

4722

beKjm

812

3563

Piwbjx

157

630

Di w`Nj`x

598

2250

PigyKzw`

578

2754

IqvW-7

1192

5250

Pibqv

32

142

`yiMuvI

143

664

PicvZvwjqv

78

405

bjyqv

1049

4586

Kjv`x
gZje evRvi

283

284

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi,
gZje `wY

IqvW 8

1374

5939

gveviK`x

806

3475

gaw`Nj`x

568

2464

1148

4912

`wY cwg
w`Njw`

527

2319

`wYc~e w`Njw`

621

2593

IqvW 9

BwZnvm
evqvwjqv : 1793 mvj wPivqx e`vei cieZxKvj gneZcyii ivq
gRyg`vi I evqvwjqvi ` Payix Rwg`vi/ZvjyK`vi wQjb| gZje cimfvi
evqvwjqv Mvg mew`K w`qB mgkvjx wQjv| GwU cvPxb ewaz jvKi
evmvb| evqvwjqvZ nvRvi nvRvi evbi wQjv| evqvwjqvi MvRyqU evwoZ 50
Rb MvRyqU wQjv| G evwoi KDB miKvwi PvKzix Kib bvB| mKjB wkKZv
KiZb| evwowU MvRyqU evwo bvg cwiwPZ(eZgvb myej gvvii evwo)|
Kzwgj-vi weLvZ Cki cvVkvjvi cavb wkK wQjb G MvgiB mvb ni`
PeZx| evqvwjqvi `vbkxj I avwgK Rwg`vi ivRKzgvi Payix gZjei
RMbv_ gw`i &I gmwR`i Rb RvqMv `vb Kib| Rwg`vi cy jwjZ gvnb ivq
Payix evqvwjqv DP we`vjq, evwjKv we`vjq, evRvi I WvKNi vcb Kib|
zji Ljvi gvVwUi mybvg wQjv| gvVwUi bvg ivRKzgvi ivq gvV| BUvi zj
vUm GLvb nZv| Zvu`i wbR`i hvv`j wQjv| evqvwjqv I w`Nj`xZ
2wU mvswZK Uvj wQjv hv 1965 mvj ch wUK wQjv| Uvj nZ e KwZ
285

Qv we`vwebv`, KveZx_ DcvwaZ f~wlZ nZv| w`Nj`xi P`gvae wkivgwY


I evqvwjqvi wkecmv` ZKevMxk mycwm cwZ wQjb| 1902 mvj Wvt bKzj
P` PeZx fwf~lY evqvwjqvq GKwU nwimfv vcb Kib| GLvb wn`y agxq
mjb nZv| GZ`&Dcj clgjv GLbv nq| fviZ Qvo Av`vjb
evqvwjqv Mvg AMYx f~wgKv ivL| axi` P` fvPvh (evqvwjqv) I cfvZ P`
PeZx (eiw`qv) wewk wecex wQjb| G ^vaxbZv msMvgx`i Av`vgvb xc
hvexeb xcvi Kiv nqwQjv| Aci wecex Ab ewYK ev mvay weLvZ
wQjb| wZwb Avkg PvjvZb| `~Mvc~Rv nZv eo AvKvii| KjKvZv _K
wkxiv AvmZv| PgrKvi dzji evMvb wQjv| evi gvm dzj dzUZv| 1942 mvj
Lv mbiv NivI Ki G Avkg| Ab ewYK mvayK MdZvi Ki wbq hvIqv
nq| Zvi kl Dw wQj AvR Avwg ab, gb nq GZw`b Avwg h gvqi mev
KiwQ, m mevi wKQzUv gv MnY KiQb | ZvB AvR Avwg ivR`ievii AwZw_
nZ Pjjvg| ZviciI Avkg Pj| eZgvbI G RvqMv Avkgi RvqMv bvg
cwiwPZ| wecex axi` P` fvPvh (evqvwjqv), cfvZ P` PeZx, (eiw`qv) I
Ab ewYK Gi D`vM GKwU ivRbwZK WvKvwZ nqwQjv| XuvwKiMvuqi nvZg
Avjx gvviI G `j wQjb| evqvwjqvi kl Rwg`vi webqevjv gRyg`vi,
RvbwK bv_ fvPvh I P`Kzgvi Lv` wejvmx wQjb weavq fzwofvR KiZb|
GKwU cuvVv GKv Lq djZb gg Kw_Z AvQ|
Aebx Nvl weLvZ wkx Ges P` kLi eB Gi wkwb`kK wQjb hLvb
AkvKKzgvi I Kvbb`ex Awfbq Kib| mykxj gRyg`vi weLvZ mZvi ev`K
wQjb| KjKvZv wMq Abyvb KiZb| cZvcP` I Zvi fvB AvMiZjv
gnvivRvi KvU wgDwRwkqvb wQjb| hvMk gvwj &I Mbk gvwj Z`vwbb
mek hvv`ji weeK/ bvwqKv wQjb| ZLbKvi w`b 100/200 UvKv cZb
hLb Pvji `vg wQj AvovB UvKv gY| Rwg`vi igbx gvnb LyeB mwLb wQjb&|
`yB gq weq nqwb mgvb gvbi Ni cvbwb ej| AbK eBqi msMn wQjv hvi
ga GbmvBKvcwWqv weUwbKvI wQjv| gvej cv_ii Uwej I `vwg Mvm
wQjv| 16 envivi cvjwKZ PoZb| myMwhy cvb LZb| eD gviv Mj
MnYvmn `vn Kiv nZv| `yB Qj gwUK `qwb hw` Kg b^i cvq G gb Ki|
(igbx gvnbi evwowU AvRI we`gvb hLvb cYe PeZx eZgvb evm
286

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi,
gZje `wY

Kib)| igbx ib ivq evey bvg LvZ wQjb| Wvqbvgvi mvnvh e`ywZK
cvLv I evwZi myweav fvM KiZb| GK UvKv wd wbq wePvi KiZb|

evqvwjqv igbxgvnb ivqi evwo (eZgvb cYe PeZx evm Kib) hv


cyiYv Rwg`vi`i HwZn ai iLQ|

eiw`qv : eiw`qvZ PwiUej wWmcbmvix wQjv| abvicvoi mZxki fvB


BbPvR wQjv|
bjyqv evwo : RbkwZ iqQ gZje cimfvi bjyqv Mvg Kvb mvg cfzi
KvPvix wQjv| GUvB bjyqv evwo bvg cwiwPZ nq| cieZx mgq G RvqMvq
GKwU Avkg ev AvLov Mo DV| RbkwZ AvQ gywk`Kzjx Lvbi ivRZi mgq
kL GbvqZ Djv I kL bqvgZ Avjx bvgK `yRb Rwg`vi G GjvKvq evm
KiZb| G GjvKvq gvZvje Rgv`vii eo bvg cwZivg~jK GKwU cwiLvi
viv myiwZ vb AvQ| G cwiLvK gyw hyi mgq AvgY _K iv
cvIqvi Ges kK AvgY Kivi Avovj wnme eenvi Kiv nqQ| G vbwU
RvwgwZK AvKvi LbbKZ wQjv| bjyqv evwoZ gvZvje Rgv`vii KvPvix Ni
wQjv|

evqvwjqvi cyiYv cvvi evwoi wP (evq) I evqvwjqvZ gZjei


mePq cyiYv nwimfv( f bewbwg
287Z nQ)

evNxni : bjyqv evwoi Avkg _K cwg eiw`qv Avos ch 1 gvBj ck I


`wY w`K 5/6 gvBj ch weZ GjvKvK evNxni ejv nq| G Aj AbK
cvPxb ^Yg y`v cvIqvi RbkwZ AvQ| evN niY ev evN wkKvi nZv G Aj|
288

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi,
gZje `wY

G Aj RjvKxY wQjv| Rwg`vii Pbv ev AbyMZ wKQz cwievi hvi msLv


160 Ni wQjv hviv GLvb evm KiZv| RbK Mvj gvnv` PwK`vi e`yK
w`q AvgY Ki GKwU eo evN wkKvi Kib| GjvKvq emevmKvix Gme
jvKRb evNi mv_ jovB KiZv ev evN wkKvi KiZv ev evN niY KiZv, h
KviY G GjvKvi bvg evNxni| Kjiv/ gvjwiqv G GjvKvq jMB _vKZv|
evNxni GjvKvq Avjxgyxb dwKi bvg GKRb wmcyili evwoi asmvekl I
gvRvi AvQ| wZwb g~jZ evDj dwKi wQjb Ges evDj Mvb KiZb ej Rvbv
hvq|

bg AvmZv AgvbywlK `gb cxob| Rwgi dmj Ko wbZ| cyil I


gwnjv`i Zzj wbq wMq bxjKzwVZ wbcxob Pvjvbv nZv|

Abvb bvgKiY : evBkcyi bvg c~e Kvb Mvg wQjv bv| Pi RM DVvi ci
22wU cwievi GLvb evm KiZ Avm h KviY Mvgi bvg evBkcyi nq|
MvgwUK evBkKvwb bvg WvKv nq| aviYv Kiv nq GLvb c~e evBk Kvwb Rwg
wQjv| XvwKiMvuIq cPzi Rs&Mj wQjv hLvb evN wQjv| m evN Zvovbvi Rb
XvK evRvbv nZv| G KviY Mvgi bvg nq XvwKiMuvI| Pii cwj
_K cjcvovi bvgKiY nq| wkj ev bvwcZ evm KiZv ej kxjg`x Mvgi
bvgKiY nq Ges GKBfve kvfb ev my`i _K kvfbKi`x| K`g Avjx bvg
GKRb cfvekvjx ewi bvgvbymvi K`gZjx Mvgi bvgKiY nq|

gyxinvU : 200 eQi c~e bvqvLvjxi GK gyx cvV `vb KiZv| gyxi bvgB
gyxi nvU bvgKiY ej Rvbv hvq| mLvb Kvb gmwR` wQjv bv| wZwb Qbi
NiB covZb| G GjvKvi AbK RvqMvi gvwjK wQjb Pvu`cyii byij-vcyii
evwm`v hviv Zdvj nvmb cavwbqvi c~ec~il wQjb| ZvivB gyxinvU zj,
evRvi I gv`vmvi `vZv wnme cwZvq f~wgKv iLQb|

Mnxiv cvMjv : wZwb AvavwZK cvMjv wQjb| GKUv jvj mvjy Kwdbi gZv
ciZb| nvZ cvq Kvb jvnvi Mvj PvKwZ ciZb| gv_vq memgq Iov
_vKZv Ges nvZ `v| Kviv KvQ wKQz PvBZb bv| Ze QvUiv fq KiZv|
eq`i cQbUv `LvZv, Zviv fq cvjvZv| kvbv hvq wZwb bvwK nuU gNbv
cvi nqQb| jvsUv evevi mvMwi` wQjb| GKw`b wZwb GK evwoZ
qwQjb| ZLb Iov Pzwi nq| wZwb `v Quzo gvib Ges mg Mvg cyo hvq|
bxjKzwV : cjvkxi hy wmivR`j-vi civRqi ci G `k PjZ _vK BsiR
ewbqv`i kvlYi cvjv| bxjPvli Rb BsiRiv G`ki RbZvi Dci
wbggfve AZvPvi Ki| gNbvi c~eZxi gZje _vbvi wkjg`xi Mvg IqvBR
mvne Zix Kib GK bxjKzwV| bxjKzwVqvj mvne c_gB Gm msMn Kijv
wUKZK `yal jvwVqvj Ges wn`y AbyPi| Zviv Pvicvki Pvlx`iK eva KiZv
gvU gvwjKvbvi wmwK fvM bxj Pvl KiZ| G Av`k bv gvbj Zv`i Dci
289

Wvt nvibyi iwk`, hywawi `ebv_ (eiw`qv) fvjv Ljvqvo wQjb| Wvt nvib
ej LjZ wMq 2wU ej dvwUq wQjb| Z`vwbZb B ej wUg gbvbxZ
nqQb| wZwb mviv evsjvq LjQb| weivU P` gj Kzwgj-v Rjvi K`xq
bZv wQjb| wZwb Zdwmj dWvikbi D`vM bgk~` gnvmjb AvqvRb
Kib| G Dcj c`kbx I hvvi AvqvRb wQjv|

Kjv`x : Kjv`x eoevwo Rwg`vi evwo wQjv| cyiYv `vjvbi wP GLbv


eZgvb| G evwoi RMbv_ mvnv I wekbv_ Nvl gZje zj cwZv Kib|
HwZnevnx gZje evRvi Kjv`xZ Afy| gZje evRvi kvnx Rvg gmwR` I
gZje evRvi RMbv_ gw`i cwZv Kib evqvwjqvi Rwg`vi ivRKzgvi ivq
Payix| gZje evRvii cavb moKi cwgvsk kx Kvwj gw`i AewZ| GwU
1916 mvj cwZwZ nq| cwZv Kib MRivi Rwg`vi Aq Kzgvi `vm| gZje
evRvi AbK eUMvQ wQj| Gi ga _vbvi (cywjk kb) mvgb AewZ eo eU
MvQi bxP nhiZ mvjvqvb (iv:) Iid jsUv evev avb gM _vKZb| gZje
Di DcRjvi e`icyi Zuvi gvRvi iqQ| Zuvi cwe Iik nvRvi nvRvi
f`i mgvMg nq|
(Z_m~ : 1| dv: j: G we wmwK, myej mLv fvPvh I AbvbRbi mvvrKvi,
wbqQb gvKmy`yj nK evejy, 2| gvt Awn`yj Bmjvg miKvi, 3| myej mLv
fvPvh, evqvwjqv I vbxq Abvb`i mvvrKvi)

290

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi,
gZje `wY

291

292

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi,
gZje `wY

wkv cwZvb

12. gywinvU mi.cv_.we`v.

1934

c_g cv_wgK we`vjq- gZje gWj miKvwi cv_wgK we`vjq, c_g nvBzjevqvwjqv nvBzj, c_g gv`vmv Rvdwiqv gv`vmv, c_g nwimfv- bjyqv|

13. evqvwjqv mi.cv_.we`v.

1917

14

eiw`qv mi.cv_.we`v.

1939

15. w`Nj`x mi.cv_.we`v.

1935

:
bs

cv_wgK we`vjqii bvg

cwZvi mvj

1.

c~e evBkcyi mi.cv_.we`v.

1957

2.

kxew` mi.cv_.we`v.

1928

2.

`Micyi mi.cv_.we`v.

3.
4.

ge

16

cjcvov knx` wRqvDi ingvb


mi: cv: we:

1991

1937

17

cwg gveviKw` knx` wRqv wZ


mi: cv: we:

1990

gZje gWj m.cv_.we`v.

1926

18

gveviKw` knx` wRqv mi: cv:we:

1991

eveyicvov mi.cv_.we`v.

1939
19.

cwg w`Nj`x Lvik` Aviv mi:


cv: we:

1984

5.

c.evBkcyi mi.cv_.we`v.

1939

6.

beKjm mi.cv_.we`v.

1941

7.

PigyKzw` mi.cv_.we`v.

1939

8.

kvfbKiw` mi.cv_.we`v.

1973

9.

XvwKiMuvI mi.cv_.we`v.

1965

10. ga w`Nj`x mi.cv.we`v.

1948

11. `.w`Nj`x mi.cv_.we`v.

1968

293

20. `~iMuvI mi: cv: we:

1980

21. bjyqv mi: cv: we:

1972

22. KwP KuvPv mi: cv: we:

1976

23.

Pi evBkcyi knx` wRqv mi: cv:


we:

1991

24. `t evBkcyi mi: cv: we:

1996

26

1973

Piwbjx mi: cv: we:


294

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi,
gZje `wY

wg
K bs
01

02

gvawgK
we`vjqi bvg

cwZvi
mb

eiw`qv KvRx myjZvb 1915


DP we`vjq

cwZvZvi bvg

09

w`Nj`x Gg G Qvvi 2000


DP we`vjq

wcwcvj gvt Avyi ie


Gg G Qvvi

1| Rwg`vi RMey mvnv,

bs

2| wekbv_ Nvl|

gZje `vij
dvwRj gv`vmv

abvicvo
`vwLj gv`vmv

Bmjvwgqv

1984

AvjnvR Wvt gvt byij


Bmjvg

w`Nj`x Rvdwiqv Bmjvwgqv


`vwLj gv`vmv

1962

gig Rvdi Avjx cavb

evqvwjqv DP
we`vjq

1917

gyxinvU DP
we`vjq

1934

05

evqvwjqv evwjKv
DP we`vjq

1938

kx wPib ivq Payix

06

gZjeM cvBjU
evwjKv DP we`vjq

1960

gig IqvjxDj-vn cvUIqvix ,


cavb wkK,

gv`vmv

cwZvi
mb

cwZvZvi bvg

Djyg

1976

AvjnvR gwReyi ingvb

Rwg`vi jwjZ gvnb ivq Payix

gvt Zvdvj nvmb cavbxqv

gZjeM
R we cvBjU
DP/we`vjq
07

1988

2| Rbve KvRx myjZvb Avn`

1917

04

Av`k zj gZje

1| kx RvbKx bv_ gRyg`vi,

gZjeM R we
cvBjU DP
we`vjqq

03

08

`Micyi Avt Mwb DP 1966


we`vjq

gvt Ave`yj Inve `Iqvb

295

:
bs

KjRi bvg

cwZvi
mb

01

gZje wWMx KjR

1964

cwZvZvi bvg

1| byij Kvw`i Lvb, Gm,wW,I


2| IqvjxDj-vn cvUIqvix, cavb
wkK, gZje R we cvBjU DP
we`vjq|

296

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi,
gZje `wY

02

iqgbb bQv gwnjv


wWMx KjR

03 gywinvU KjR

1993

AvjnvR wMqvm Dwb Avn`

1995

bq)
1

cKkjx
gwdRyj Pxd Bwwbqvi
Bmjvg, abvicvo

Avyj Rwjj, w`Nj`x

n`vqZ
Dg`x

RvwKi nvmb Kvgvj, DcmwPe


evBkcyi

Wt myaxi P` miKvi, evK BwUwUDU, Dc-cwiPvjK


Kjv`x

eYx gvae
Kjv`x

Wvt wPvniY miKvi, BDwc g^vi 18 eQi


Kjv`x

eYy jvj mvnv, Kjv`x

AvjZvdDxb miKvi, mgvRKgx


evBkcyi

10

cKkjx Avey gvnv` cKkjx

1| dRjyj nK,
2| Gg G nvwjg miKvi,
3| KvRx myjZvb Avn`,
4| GWt Bw`m Lvb,

hyMmwPe, MYcRvZx evsjv`k


miKvi

nvmb, hyM-mwPe

5| GWt mvjvgZ Djvn,


6| GWt wmivRyj Bmjvg nvRiv
(m~ : wkv Awdm I gvawgK wkv Awdm)
b`x/Lvj/w`Nx : abvMv`v b`x, gZje Lvj, B`bvivqb Lvj (evqvwjqv)|
gmwR` : gZje evRvi Rvg gmwR` 250 eQii cyibv| cvuPKwo nvRx Rvg
gmwR` 150 eQii cyivZb hv bKei cavwbqvi evwoi cvk| gvZje
Rgv`vii eo gmwR` 200 eQii cyibv|
gvRvi/`iMvn/cxi/mvaK : evNxni GjvKvi Avjxgyxb dwKii `iMv, w`Nj`xi
bIqvR cavwbqvi gvRvi, K`gZjxi wckvix L`Kvi, kvnRvgvj (iv), Avygvb
ingvwbqv gCwbqv LvbKvq kixd, PiKzgy`x|

cvvi, mgvRmeK

BDwc cwmWU

gw`i : RMbv_ gw`i, kxKvwj gw`i, gZje evRvi, evqvwjqv gw`i|


wewk ewZ :
g
RZvbymvi

bvg I Mvg
297

c`ex

298

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi,
gZje `wY

kwd, evBkcyi

20

Avt nvB, cjcvov

11

AavcK Wt kvwKj XvKv wekwe`vjq, c`v_ wefvM


Avng`, evBkcyi
AavcK

21

ejvqZ
K`gZjx

nvmb, bIqve Ui gvbRvi

12

Wvt
byi
Avjg KbmvU, MY^v K`
cvUvqvix, evBkcyi

22

Avt LvjK
K`gZjx

miKvi, cavb wkK

13

Wvt ZvRyj
evBkcyi

23

njvj Dwb, K`gZjx

14

Wvt Awkbx Kzgvi wekvm, mgvRKgx I mgevqx


evBkcyi

24

Bqvwmb
K`gZjx

15

gv : `jvqvi nvmb, gwZwSj AvBwWqj zji cexb


evBkcyi
wkK

25

byij nK, K`gZjx

26

Avyj Iqvn` gvj-v, c_g mveiwRvi


K`gZjx

27

mvjvgZ Dj-v cavwbqv, GwRGg, mvbvjx evsK


`wY w`Nj`x

28

b~ij Bmjvg, `wY evLivev` Mvmi wRGg


w`Nj`x

29

cKkjx weGg Rwnij KvdKv cKkjx


nK, w`Nj`x

30

gvIjvbv nvkgZ Dj-vn

16

17

Bmjvg, XvKv gvbwmK evwa wPwKrmK

Ave`yj nvbvb, evBkcyi

cKvkbv eemv Ges G eBwUi


cKvk mnvqZvKvix

cKkjx
gvnv` cKkjx, cvwb Dbqb evW
knx`yj-vn, evBkcyi

18

Avjx nvmb, K`gZjx

19

AvwgbDxb
miKvi BDwc cwmWU 28 eQi
(KivgZ Avjx cavb),
PigyKz`x

299

cvgvvi

gRi (Ae:)

ijIq KgKZv

`Iqvb, AvavwZK ewZ

EaZb wUGwU KgKZv

300

gyxinvU gv`vmvi cwZvZv

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi,
gZje `wY

31

Wv: wbRvgDwb, ga mgvRmeK/ wPwKrmK


w`Nj`x

32

Avyj jZxd
eveyicov

33

`xbez
evqvwjqv

34

wgwR, BDwc Pqvigvb

Payix, mgvRmeK

cKkjx
bvivqY we`k KgiZ
PeZx, evqvwjqv

42

gymjn Dxb, Dg`x

GKvDUvU, mbvevwnbx

43

AwkbxKzgvi
Kjv`x

44

Wt AwjDj-vn, Dg`x

Kwl wekwe`vjqi AavcK

45

Avyj gvbvb, PigyKz`x

cKkjx

46

kvgmyj Avjg, beKj

wWwR Kwl (Ae:)


Aemicv cwiPvjK,
Dbqb evW

KveZx_, KveZx_

35

wPib ivq Payix, wkvwe`


evqvwjqv

47

Gg G Kwig, PigyKz`x

36

RvbKxbv_
evqvwjqv

miKvi, mgvRmeK, cavb wkK

48

AvjnvR mdi Avjx, cwmWU BDwc


XvwKiMvuI

37

ni` P`
evqvwjqv

fvPvh, mgvRmeK, cavb wkK


evqvwjqv GKUvbv 45 eQi

49

`jvqvi
XvwKiMvuI

38

Avyj Kwig gyx, `wY gvIjvbv


w`Nj`x

50

Avwgibmv, XvwKiMvuI

39

gbmyi Avjx miKvi

BDwc Pqvigb

51

40

iZb `

Rjv grm Awdmvi

mvB`yi
evBkcyi

41

cKkjx Avyi iDd, Aemicv


AwZwi
gnv
wkjgw`
cwiPvjK
Lv`
Awa`i,
eZgvb cavb wbevnx KgKZv,
wR we we cvIqvi wj:

52

Avyj gvjK `Iqvb, fvBm Pqvigvb I g^vi


evBkcyi

53

gwbi nvmb , evBkcyi

301

nvmb, wkcwZ

ingvb

Kvgm EaZb KgKZv


, Dcva

302

cvb Pqvigvb

cvwb

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi,
gZje `wY

54

gv: mwjg Dxb, , mn ZveavqK cKkjx (Ae:)


evBkcyi
Gg. B. Gm.

55

gv:
evBkcyi

56

RwmgDxb, cKkjx

gv: bvwmi Dwb , cKkjx


evBkcyi

57

Kwlwe` wmivRyj nK cwiPvjK, Kwl Awa`i (Ae:)


evwjKvw`

58

DwRi Avjx gvj-v,


K`gZjx

59

nRiZ Avjx
fbKi`x

60

myjZvb
ei`xqv

61

RvbKx Kzgvi
`Micyi

62

63

ejvqZ nvmb
Dg`x

ivR^ Dbqb Kcvikb

64

n`vqZ nvmb Dg`x WcywU gvwRU

65

Avyi ingvb gvj-v,


wbjx

^`kx (Av`vjbKvix)

66

gvIjvbv dRjyi ingvb,


evwMPvcyi/fvsMvicvo

cLvZ
Ijx,
cwZvZv
fvsMvicvo gv`vmv, cwmwWqvg
m`m,
Bmjvgx
kvmbZ
Av`vjb, mvsMVwbK mv`K,
K`xq evsjv`k gvRvwn`
KwgwU|

67

myej mLv fvPvh


(myej gv&vi,
evqvwjqv)

evqvwjqv zji cavb wkK,


46 eQi GKUvbv

68

jwjZ gvnb mvnv

cavb wkK

69

Puvb wgqv, evBkcyi

gZje zji cavb wkK

70

cmb Kzgvi mvnv, Kjv`x

1919 _K 1968 ch gZje


zj mnKvix cavb wkK
wQjb| gZjei Mvx bvg
LvZ

gZje evRvi gmwR`i AbZg


cwZvZv

Qqvj `ievix

Avng`, AwfbZv, MvqK, Ljvqvo

`vm, wkvwe`/ c_g cavb wkK,


gZje cvBjU evwjKv DP
we`vjq

P`bv_ `vm, `Micyi

wRGg fviZxq Zj Kcvikb,


Aet

303

304

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi,
gZje `wY

71

72

gvj-v gvnv`
wiqvQZDj-v K`gZjx

Wt Rij nK,
evBkcyi

XvKv wekwe`vjq _K Abvm I


gvvm Ki mvZKvwbqv KjR,
ZRMvuI KjR I gZje
KjR BsiRx welq Aavcbv
Kib| mvRU Rij nK
nji wfwc, gZje _vbv
AvIqvgx jxMi mfvcwZ I
RvZxq cwil`i m`m wQjb|
gZje KjvY cwil`, gZje
evRvi wgj mwgwZ I K`xq
egyLx mgevq mwgwZi mfvcwZ
wQjb|

1| gZ Avwgb Dwb miKvi (KivgZ Avjx Avwgb/cavb)

XvKv wekwe`vjq I hyivR


wewfb wekwe`vjq Aavcbv
KiQb|

3| gZ gvt Rvjvj Dxb ecvix - cwg evBkcyi

2| gZ mdi Avjx (XvwKiMvuI)

mveK 13 bs gZje Di BDwbqbi PqvigvbMYi bvg


1| gZ Avyj jwZd wgqvRx -eveyicvov
2| gZ Avyj jwZd wgqvRx -eveyicvov

4| gZ gvt Rvjvj Dxb ecvix - cwg evBkcyi


5| ivavK mvnv (fvicv)

73

byij nK Payix,
evBkcyi

cywjki EaZb KgKZv

6| gZ wmivRyj Bmjvg wgqvRx- eveyicvov


7| Kvgvj Avng` K`gZjx
8| gZ gvt gwbi nvmb cavb evBkcyi

Abvb : Dg`xi Avyj mvjvg I Av`g Avjx eqvZx fwg~jK Mvb Rbwcq
wQjb| ejvj XvKv gvnvgWvb LjZv| Dg`xi ev`j KgKvi RvZxq wUg
dzUej LjZv| gZjei Lvevii ga xi Rbwcq|

mveK 14 bs gZje `wY BDwbqbi PqvigvbMYi bvg


1| gZ gybmyi Avjx miKvi (w`Nj`x)
2| gZ gvt gvkviid nvmb - gveviK`x

gZje BDwbqb/cimfvi PqvigvbMYi ZvwjKv

3| gZ gvt gvkviid nvmb- gveviK`x

mveK gZje BDwbqb cwil`i PqvigvbMYi bvg


305

306

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi,
gZje `wY

4| gZ gvt Avey nvwbd gav - XvwKiMvuI


5| gZ gvt Avjx Avvm eKvDj - w`Nj`x
6| gvt wej-vj nvmb gav - XvwKiMvuI

gZje cimfvi ckvmK, Pqvigvb I gqiMYi bvg


g

bvg

KvhKvj

gvnv` knx` Djvn L`Kvi, BDGbI

1998-99

gvt b~ij Bmjvg byi, evBkcyi

1999-2004

gvt Gbvgyj nK ev`j, XvwKiMuvI

2004-2008

gvt Gbvgyj nK ev`j, XvwKiMuvI

5/2008-11/2008

gvt AvIjv` nvmb wjUb, wbjx (fvicv)

2008-2011

gvt Gbvgyj nK ev`j, XvwKiMuvI

2011-

(Z_m~ : vbxq eweMi mv_ Z_ msMn KwgwUi mvvrKvi)


Lv`iMvuI BDwbqb
fMvwjK : Di gZje Di DcRjv I bvqiMuvI `wY BDwbqb, c~e
bvivqYcyi BDwbqb, `wY bvivqYcyi BDwbqb I Dcv`x Di BDwbqb Ges
cwg gZje cimfv|

307

Mvg : 16wU| gvQzqvLvj, jvgQwo, PiPuv`cyi, LvmPi, Lv`iMuvI, MvqvjMvev,


ccvj, cywUqv, ejywZ, Mofvv, bvM`v, wNjvZjx, bvivqYcyi, igwnlv,
fvbyicvo, KvUPuv`cyi|
BDwbqb/cimfv

gvU RbmsLv

cyil

gwnjv

Lv`iMuvI

20,344

9,254

11,090

GjvKv

AvqZb (GKi)

cwievi

RbmsLv

Lv`iMvuI BDwbqb

3455

4466

20344

ejywZ

141

590

fvbyicvo

107

524

308

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi,
gZje `wY

Pvu`cyi

120

546

KvUPuv`cyi

36

159

Mofvv

95

375

wNjvZjx

635

3079

MvqvjMvfv

111

505

igwnlv

141

567

Lv`iMvuI

122

592

LvmPi

47

198

jvgQwo

463

1775

bvM`v

1017

4562

wgivgv

103

429

bvM`v

914

4133

bvivqYcyi

734

3537

ccvj

118

562

cywUqv

120

528

ZwjgvQzqv

459

2245

309

bvgKiY I BwZnvm
bvgKiY : Lv`iMuvI BDwbqbi bvgKiYi `ywU RbkwZ cPwjZ AvQ|
c_gwU njv G GjvKvq Luv eski jvK`i emevm wQjv| G eski jvK`i
cfve cwZcw wQjv| Zviv h Mvg evm KiZv m MvgK ejv nZv Luv-`i
Mvg| Luv `i Mvg _K Mvgi fvlvq Lv`iMuvI bvgi Drcw| wZxq
RbkwZwU njv AbK AvM G GjvKvq eo GKwU Lv` wQjv| b`x I nvIi
ewZ G Lv` Rvqvii mgq cvwbi N~Yvqb nZv| wekvj GK Lv` wQjv ejB
G GjvKvi bvgKiY nq Lv`iMuvI| bvivqYcyi BDwbqb I Lv`iMvuI BDwbqb
c~e GKmsM wQjv bvivqYcyi BDwbqb bvg| cvwKvb Avgj GwU f
bvivqYcyi c~e I cwg bvg `ywU BDwbqb Kiv nq| cieZxZ bvivqYcyi cwg
BDwbqbwU Lv`iMvuI BDwbqb wnme Avwef~Z nq| Lv`iMvuI Mvgi bvg
Lv`iMvuI BDwbqbi bvgKiY Kiv nq| GZ f~wgKv ivLb gig gv:
kvgmyvgvb weGwewU|
bvivqYcyi evRvi : evqvjRywo Lvji cvo bvivqYcyi GKwU Dj-LhvM eemv
K`| GLvb cvPxb Rwg`vi`i cvq evivwU KvPvixNi wQjv| bvivqYcyi
evRvii cwgcvk ek DuPzf~wgZ wmcyil gxRv nvmb Avjxi gmwR`wU
AewZ wQjv hv 1207 wnRixZ vwcZ| cvuP M^yRi my`k gmwR`wUi
AvqZb `N c mgvb 22' evB 22'| mvgbi cvKv cvb 24' evB 24'|
`Iqvji NbZ 3 dzU 9 Bw| Di cvkB wZwb GKwU Kvjxgw`i cwZv
Kib| GLvb Kvjx eUMvQ bvg GKUv cyivYv eUMvQ wQjv | bvivqYcyi ciMYv
wewfb `e`exi weMn fwZ wQjv| GLvb bvivqY I MYki weMnI wQjv|
Kvjvcvnvwoi fq cyKzi I w`NxZ `e`eZviv jyvwqZ wQjv| Gic AbK wg_
Rwoq iqQ G GjvKvq| Dj-L h, bvivqYcyi evRviwU eZgvb Lv`iMvu&I I
bvivqYcyi BDwbqbi mg^q MwVZ| bvivqYcyi Mvgi bvg bvivqYcyi BDwbqb
njI bvivqYcyi MvgwU eZgvb Lv`iMvuI G AewZ| bvivqYcyi Mvg
bKvi Q Gi gZv GKwU cyivZb weR wQjv hv gxRv nvmb Avjx KZK
wbwgZ| weRwU bZzb Ki GLb wbwgZ njI cyivZb wfwwU GLbv we`gvb|
310

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi,
gZje `wY

bvM`v : G Mvg GKRb cbx Rwg`vi wQjb hvi bvg AvgRv` gRyg`vi|
AZvPvix Rwg`vi wnme Zuvi AbK bvg wQjv| 8wU cyKzi I GKwU w`Nx wQjv
G Mvg|
ccvj : ivq Kzgvi P` cvj bvg GKRb Rwg`vi wQjb| G Rwg`vii GKgv
gqi bvg c| G Mvg weivU w`Nx wQjv hvZ c dzj dzUZv| G _KB G
Mvgi bvg ccvj|
myqvcvov : GK evwo GK Mvg|
gvQzqvLvj : `yBkZ eQii cyivbv jNvU| cPzi gvQ m^wjZ Lvj _KB
gvQzqvLvj bvgi Drcw ej aviYv Kiv nq|
wLw`icyi : ZvuZwki Rb cLvZ wQjv| gywhyi cwkY NuvwU wQjv wLw`icyi
cv_wgK we`vjq|

500 eQi cyiYv Kvwjevwoi


eZgvb ic
dUv KZZvq- mwdKzj Bmjvg
BDGbI

311

312

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi,
gZje `wY

wkv cwZvb :
c_g cv_wgK we`vjq- cywUqv cv_wgK we`vjq (1939 mvj GwU cwZwZ nq
gv: Avyj Kwig gjfx mvnei D`vM Zvi wbR evwoZ, ci QvmsLv
evoZ _vKj GwU igwnlvZ vbvi nq cywUqv cv_wgK we`vjq bvg aviY
Ki Ges 1973 mvj miKvwi nq), c_g DP we`vjq- jvgQwo DP we`vjq
(1961), c_g gv`vmv- wNjvZjx dvwRj gv`vmv|
: bs

cv_wgK we`vjqi bvg

cwZvi mvj

1.

cywUqv mi.cv_.we`v.

1939

2.

Lv`iMuvI mi.cv_.we`v.

1957

3.

bvM`v mi.cv_.we`v.

1939

4.

wNjvZjx mi.cv_.we`v.

1939

5.

jvgQix mi.cv_.we`v.

1939

6.

cwg bvM`v mi: cv: we:

1973

7.

fvbyicvo knx` wRqv wZ mi:


cv: we:

1991

313

ge

8.

gvQzqvLvj mi: cv: we:

1975

09

`wY bvivqYcyi miKvwi cv_wgK


we`vjq

:
bs

gvawgK we`vjqi bvg

cwZvi
mb

01

jvgQwo DP we`vjq

1969

: bs

dvwRj gv`vmv

cwZvZvi bvg

kx we`v my`i gj

cwZvi
mb

cwZvZvi bvg

01

wNjvZjx mvgvw`qv dvwRj gv`vmv

1945

gig KvRx
Iqvn` Djvn

02

bvM`v mywd Avn` gwnjv


gv`vmv

1985

gvIjvbv gvt
Avjx nvmb

gw`i : jvgQwo evb` hvMvkg(1938) hvi cwZvZv gvnb mvay I we`vmy`i


gj|
gmwR` : bvM`v gyxevwo gmwR`wU cvq 200 eQii cyiYv|
gvRvi/cxi/mvaK : bvM`v gvjK gyxi evwoi nhiZ kvn wgevmv mvBi gvRvi I
bvivqYcyi AvjKkvn dwKii gvRvi|
314

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi,
gZje `wY

HwZnvwmK I cZZvwK wb`kb : nvmb Avjxi gmwR`, nvmb Avjxi Kvjx


gw`i I nvmb Avjxi weR|
Lvj/ b`x/ wej : abvMv`v I evqvjRywi Lvj|
gywhyi vb I NUbvmg~n : bvM`v hy| 1971 mvji 9 wWm^i| gZje
_vbv gy Aevq nVvr Kzwgj-v _K cjvqbiZ cvK mbvi `j GjvKvq wj
KiZ KiZ XyK| G Lei gywevwnbxmn me Qwoq co Ges gywevwnbxi
Kgvvi wmivRyj Bmjvg eKvDj gywinvU GjvKv _K, Kgvvi mvB`yi ingvb
(iZb) enix GjvKv _K, wLw`icyi GjvKv _K Kgvvi bvwQi Dwb
cvUIqvix, GbvqZ bMi _K gvqvg Ges wgivgv _K Kgvvi kvgQzj nK
ZvjyK`vii bZZ gywevwnbx cvK nvbv`vi evwnbxK Pviw`K _K AvgY
Ki| cP Mvjvwji ga cvK nvbv`vi mbviv wcQz nU Puv`cyii w`K
cvwjq hvq| G hy gywhvv Rwmg Dwb Zcv`vi AvnZ nb Ges gywhvv
mnhvMx AvwRRyi ingvb (bvM`v) knx` nb|
wewk ewZ`i ZvwjKv
bvg I Mvg (RZvbymvi bq)

c`ex

Aveyj Lvqi cavb, Lv`iMvuI

DcmwPe

gig Rqbvj Ave`xb, Lv`iMvuI

mveK Pqvigb

Zdvj
Lv`iMvuI

nvmb

cvUvqvix, mveK Pqvigvb

wmivRDwb cvUvqvix, bvivqYcyi


nvmb cvUvqvix, bvivqYcyi

RvqMvi `vZv
Wt Bwjqvm, Lv`iMvuI

mnKvix AavcK, Xvwe

gig mKv`vi nvqvr, Lv`iMuvI

Dc-wefvMxq cKkjx

gvt gvRj nK, Lv`iMuvI

DaZb Kvgm Awdmvi

Wt KvRx mvgv`, bvivqYcyi

Rvwe cwimsLvb wefvM

Gg`v` cvUvqvix, bvivqYcyi

wWAvB

Avyj gwZb cavb, bvivqYcyi

kwgK bZv, Av`gRx (AbKi


PvKix w`qQb)

Wvt Avyj nK, wNjvZjx

Wvvi &I mgvRmeK

Avyj LvjK, wNjvZjx

Bwwbqvi

gvnv` Dj-vn, wNjvZjx

mveiwRvi, Abvivwi gvwRU

kvgmyj nK Xvjx, wNjvZjx

Abvivix gvwRU

ikx` Xvjx, wNjvZjx

Abvivwi gvwRU

mvgmyj nK ZvjyK`vi, bvM`v wgivgv

gywhvv

Xvjx mvgv`, bvM`v

`y`Ki DccwiPvjK

Aa jyrdzi ingvb, bvM`v

wkvwe`

gvnv`v Avjx, bvM`v

Bwwbqvi

mgvRmeK
ivRbxwZwe`,
315

BDwc

Kgc-i

316

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi,
gZje `wY

nibv_ miKvi, jvgQwi

cvb cywjk mycvi

ijvj gRyg`vi, jvgQwi

ijIq KgKZv

hZx` miKvi, jvgQwi

jvgQwi Rywbqi zj cwZvZv

Avyj nvB, cywUqv

kvnvRDxb dvDkb Gi cwZvZv

Zdvj nvmb Xvwj, ejyZx

Pqvigvb, BDGm evsjv Mc

nvwbd wgqvRx , cywUqv

cywUqv zji `vZv

Kwig wgqvRx, cywUqv

gvIjvbv

Avyj nvwjg wgqvRx, cywUqv

WcywU iwRvi, nvBKvU

jt Kt AvjnvR Gg G AvKei,
cywUqv

j: KYj (Ae:)

gvnv` RyjwdKvi Avjx, bvM`v

jKPvivi, cUzqvLvjx wevb I


chyw& wekwe`vq

K Gg kvgmyxb, Mofvv

we`kx Jla
WwjMU

dvwRjDxb gvvi, Lv`iMuvI

mgvRmeK

Kvvbxi

covbv Kib| 7g kYxZ gZje nvB zj fwZ nb (1943)| 1947 mvj


gvwUKzjkb cixvq DxY nb| wZwb Puv`cyi KjR BUviwgwWqU I Kzwgj-v
wfvwiqv KjR _K (1951) we.G cvk Kib| djvdj cKvki w`bB gZje
nvB zj mnKvix wkK wnme hvM `b| XvKv wUPvm Uwbs KjR _K we-wU
ARb Kib (1953)| 1952 mvj bvUvi U iwfwbD Awdmvi wnme
wbhyw cvb| wK Iqvjx Dj-vn cvUvqvix ZuvK QvoZ ivwR bq weavq wbqvM
wPwV GKgvm ci Rgv `b| hvi Rb Avi PvKzixZ hvIqv nq bvB| G myhvM
wkK 1975 mvj ch mnKvix wkK Ges 1976-1982 mvj ch mnKvix
cavb wkK I 1983-1992 mvj ch cavb wkKi `vwqZ cvjb Kib|
GKB zji Qv-wkK nIqvi weij mfvM ARb Kivi Rb wZwb MweZ|
Aemi MnY KijI wZwb bc_ _K gZje zj I mgvRi Rb KvR Ki
MQb| gZzi AvM Zuvi m Avjvci GK chvq ejb, nW mvi cvqB
ejZb Will Force Gi K_v| Will Force _vKj Rxeb mvdj wbwZ Ges
Zvi Rxeb G Av`k Aej^b Ki mvdji gyL `LQb| 25 m wWm^i
2009 wZwb BKvj Kib| wZwb eni bvivqYcyi (bvivqYcyi-Lv`iMuvI) I
Lv`iMuvI BDwbqb cwil`i `xNw`b cwmWU I Pqvigvb wQjb| wZwb gZje
wWwM KjR, gZje evwjKv DP we`vjq, iqgbb bQv gwnjv KjR I gZje
nvB zj I gmwR` cwZvq wekl f~wgKv ivLb|

KvwU

(m~ : vbxq MYgvb eweMi mv_ Z_ msMn KwgwUi gZ wewbgq mfv,


vb- cywUqv cv_wgK we`vjq)
gig gvt kvgmyvgvb : we-G-we-wU
gig gvt kvgmyvgvbi Rb 1 AvM 1932 mvj gZjei A`~i Lv`iMuvI
Mvg| Luv`iMuvI emiKvwi cv_wgK we`vjq cov kl bvivqYcyi Gg.B zj
317

318

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi,
gZje `wY

BDwbqb cwil`i PqvigvbMYi bvg I KvhKvj


bvg

KvhKvj

gvnv` kvgmy&vgvb weGwewU

--

Rqbvj Ave`xb

--

gvnv` kvgmy&vgvb weGwewU

--

Zdvj nvmb cvUvqvix

--

gvnv` kvgmy&vgvb weGwewU

--

Zdvj nvmb cvUvqvix

--

nvmb cvUvqvix

--

wgRvbyi ingvb miKvi

BDwbqb Kiv nq| cieZxZ bvivqYcyi cwg BDwbqbwU Lv`iMvuI BDwbqb


wnme Avwef~Z nq|

2003-11

Avyj nvB

2011-

Abvb : mvgvwRK/mvswZK msMVbi ga cMwZ mgvRKjvY msN I kir


KxZwbqvi `j Dj-LhvM|

BDwbqb/cimfv

gvU RbmsLv

cyil

gwnjv

bvivqYcyi

37,873

17,615

20,258

bvivqYcyi BDwbqb
fMwjK : Di bvqiMvuI `wY BDwbqb, c~e KPzqv DcRjv, `wY KPzqv
DcRjv I Dcv`x Di BDwbqb, cwg Dcv`x Di BDwbqb I Lv`iMvuI
BDwbqb|

bvivqYcyi

7699

37873

e`icyi

365

1704

bvivqYcyi BDwbqb I Lv`iMvuI BDwbqb c~e GK msM wQjv bvivqYcyi


BDwbqb bvg| cvwKvb Avgj GwU f bvivqYcyi c~e I cwg bvg `ywU
319

evoMvI

844

4409

320

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi,
gZje `wY

PvcvZwj

290

1405

cUvqvcvov

50

257

PvcvwZqv

234

1029

cqvjx

248

1234

PviUfvv

227

1214

cyiY

177

900

Picqvjx

185

910

imyjcyi

476

2278

wPivqy

210

972

mvicvo

531

2648

WvwUKvi

116

565

Di Mvwe`cyi

441

2124

`jZcyi

404

1946

bvgKiY I BwZnvm

Mveyqv

232

1084

nwi`vmcvov

235

1127

hvwMPvcyi

119

566

KvwjKvcyi

936

4708

Kvwkgcyi

834

4072

jwcyi

137

683

bvivqYcyi evRvi : evqvjRywo Lvji cvo bvivqYcyi GKwU Dj-LhvM


eemvK`| GLvb cvPxb Rwg`vi`i cvq evivwU KvPvixNi wQjv| bvivqYcyi
evRvii cwgcvk ek DuPzf~wgZ wmcyil gxRv nvmb Avjxi gmwR`
AewZ wQjv hv 1207 wnRixZ vwcZ| cvuP M^yRi my`k gmwR`wUi
AvqZb `Nc mgvb 22' evB 22'| mvgbi cvKv cvb 24' evB 24'|
`Iqvji NbZ 3 dzU 9 Bw| Di cvkB wZwb GKwU Kvjxgw`i cwZv
Kib| GLvb Kvjx eUMvQ bvg GKUv cyiYv eUMvQ wQjv | bvivqYcyi ciMbv
wewfb `e`exi weMn fwZ wQjv| GLvb bvivqY I MYki weMnI wQjv|
Kvjvcvnvwoi fq cyKzi I w`NxZ `e`eZviv jyvwqZ wQjv| Gic AbK wg_
Rwoq iqQ G GjvKvq|

jKvUv

80

386

gwbMuvI

190

974

bvUkvj

138

678

321

Kvwkgcyi : bvivqYcyi BDwbqbi AMZ evqvjRywo Lvji A`~i cwg GK


DPf~wgZ Kvwkgcyi AewZ| Kw_Z AvQ Rwg`vi Kvwkg Lvbi bvgvbymvi
Kvwkgcyi Mvg| Ze Kvwkg Lvb welq wevwiZ Z_ cvIqv hvqwb| ivRv ivg
ivqi Rwg`vix wQjv G Kvwkgcyi| G Rwg`vi evwoZ 60 KwR Kivwmb
jvMZv cwZw`b Avjv Rvjvbvi Rb| Kvwkgcyii c~e bvg wQjv mq`cyi hv
BZKv`cyi ciMbvq wQjv| jvKmvgi Rwg`vi bexbK ivq Payix &I Agi K
322

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi,
gZje `wY

ivq Payix hviv bIqve dqRybbmvi dzdv wQjb| Zvu`i mv_ ivRv ivg ivqi
AvZxqZv wQj| Kvwkgcyi 3wU DuPz cvPxb gV iqQ| evi`yqvix gV| Rwg`vi
evwoZ AvvigvwbK bvgK UPvimj GLbv we`gvb| Kvwkgcyi GLbv 500
eQii GKwU ZuZzj MvQ iqQ| bvM w`wN iqQ G Kvwkgcyi| G Kvwkgcyi
MvgB ni`qvj bvM bvg GK bZv bxq ewi Rb nq whwb wn`y gnvmfvi
cwZvZv wQjb| wZwb fviZxq Dcgnv`ki KsMm ivRbxwZZ mwq wQjb|
ni`qvj bvMi evwo RivRxY Aevq AvQ| wZwb Pvu`cyi evii wewk AvBbRxex
wQjb|

Kvwkgcyi Rwg`vix wP

ivRv ivgivq bvMi evwo cyiYv `vjvb


(evmNi)

323 bvMi evwoi Av`vigvwbK


ivRv ivgivq
UPvimj Kq`Lvbv

324

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi,
gZje `wY

cjvkxi hy wmivR`j-vi civRqi ci G `k PjZ _vK BsiR ewbqv`i


kvlYi cvjv| bxjPvli Rb BsiRiv G`ki RbZvi Dci wbggfve
AZvPvi Ki| bvivqYcyii evRvi nZ GK wKjvwgUvi cwg ej`vLvji
`wYcvo GKwU bxjKzwV wQjv gg `vex Kiv nq _vK|

wkv cwZvb
wgK bs

cwZvKvj

1.

Di KvwjKvcyi mi: cv: we:

1971

2.

Picqvjx mi: cv: we:

1978

3.

c`yqv mi: cv: we:

1972

4.

Mveyqv mi: cv: we:

1991

Mvwe`cyi mi: cv: we:

1985

WvwUKviv knx` wRqv wZ

1991

5.
6.
325

cv_wgK we`vjqi bvg

326

ge

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi,
gZje `wY

mi: cv: we:


20.
c~e evoMuvI (w`wNicvo)
mi: cv: we:

1980

1991

8.

Kvwkgcyi knx` wRqvDi


ingvb mi: cv: we:

9.

e`icyi mi: cv: we:

1974

10.

D.`jZcyi mi.cv.we`v.

1973

11.

`. cqvjx mi.cv_.we`v.

1973

12.

cqvjx mi.cv_.we`v.

1929

7.

13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.

21.

PviUfvv mi.cv_.we`v.

1969

evoMuvI mi.cv_.we`v.

1970

bvUkvj mi.cv_.we`v.

1935

imyjcyi mi.cv_.we`v.

1939

bvivqYcyi mi.cv_.we`v.

1906

Kvwkgcyi mi.cv_.we`v.

1917

KvwjKvcyi mi.cv_.we`v.

1940

327

jxcyi knx` wRqv wZ mi:


cv: we:

1991

`.`jZcyi mi.cv.we`v.

1973

bs

gvawgK we`vjqi bvg

cwZvi
mb

01

Kvwkgcyi cyib DP
we`vjq

1916

cwZvZvi bvg

1| kx Mv `vm PeZx,
2| kx RqKzgvi gRyg`vi,
3| kx kx P` f~

02

KvwjKvcyi DP we`vjq

1963

GjvKvevmx

03

cqvjx K we Gg DP
we`vjq

1993

Kvw`i e

tbs

gv`vmv

cwZvi
mb

cwZvZvi bvg

04

KvwjKvcyi Av`k `vwLj


gv`vmv

1999

Avey ei wmwK miKvi

08

e`icyi I Gm `vwLj gv`vmv

1940

gig AvjnvR gvt


AvjZvd nvmb

328

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi,
gZje `wY

DcRjvi bvivqYcyi GjvKvq dR`vii wZwP weRwoZ vcbv wekl Ki


gmwR`mg~n `Lv hvq| Gme gmwR`i wkjvwjwc _K AbK Z_ cvIqv MQ|
10

imyjcyi AvbwbQv
`vwLj gv`vmv

1983

AvwZKzi ingvb

wgK bs

KjRi bvg

cwZvi mb

cwZvZvi bvg

01

bvivqYcyi wWMx
KjR

1994

Kvgij Gn&mvb kvw

mgvU AvIiRei mb wefvMi DP c` KgPvix kL `viv Abvb mb`i


mv_ gZweivai KviY AvZMvcb Ki KPzqv _vbvi ZzjcvB bvgK vb|
gvS gvS wZwb Kvwkgcyii cvUb ivRvi w`NxZ wekvg wbZ AvmZb| Gmgq
Kvwkgcyii ivRv ivgivq bvMi cy ivgki Payixi Kbv ivgkix `exi m
cwiPq nq| ivgkix `ex cyKzi gvQ aivi bvg eokx wbq em _vKZb|
ivgkix `ex kL `vivi m`h gy nq cg cob Ges cieZxZ agv
wiZ nq kL `vivK weq Kib|

gmwR` : PvcvwZqv cwg cvov e` Avjx cavwbqv evwo Rvg gmwR`wU 300
eQii cyiYv ej `vex Kiv nq| eZgvb bZzb Ki Zwi Kiv nqQ|
gw`i : Kvwkgcyi gw`i|
gvRvi/cxi/mvaK : Mvwe`cyii Avjx Avevm gyxi (BmjvwgK cwZ) gvRvi,
(BmgvBj Ryi, Bevnxg Ryi)Mvwe`cyi, hvMxPvcyii dRjyj nK cxi mvne,
bvivqYcyii gvwgbkvni LvbKv I cqvjxi Rbcyix LvbKv|
HwZnvwmK/cZZvwZK wb`kbmg~n : bvivqYcyi bxjKzwV I MYk g~wZ (991-992
wLt)|
b`x/w`Nx/Lvj : bvw`g Luvi w`Nx , nZbLuvi w`Nx I gqvi w`Nx (gwbMuvI)|

Abvb : gZje DcRjvi bvivqYcyi Mvg GKwU MYk g~wZ AvweKZ


nqwQjv| g~wZi c`g~j h wjwc AvQ Zv nZ Rvbv hvq, gwncvj `ei
ivRZi PZz_ ivR M ewYK ey wg GB g~wZ cwZv KiwQjb| gZje
329

330

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi,
gZje `wY

wewk ewZ :
bvg (RZvbymvi bq)

c`ex

bvwmi Dwb Avng`, cqvjx

Aemicv wWwR, grm Awa`i


(eZgvb RvwZmsN GdG&I Z)

gni wbMvi, mvicvo

hyM mwPe,
gYvjq

cv_wgK

MYwkv

eMg kvgmyb bvnvi, mvicvo

mveK g^vi (1965-66)

Igi Lvu, mvicvo

gyywhyi msMVK

Avjx Avikv` Lvu, mvicvo

gyywhyi msMVK

Ave`yi ie, Kvwkgcyi

Kvwkgcyi zji cwZvZv

gvnv` Kvev` gvvi, Mvwe`cyi

cwZvZv Mvwe`cyi cvt wet

Wt knx`yj-vn, cqvjx

wfwm wmjU Kwl wekwe`vjq

gvt mvBgyxb cvUvqvix, Mvwe`cyi

mgvR meK

RMez Mv^vgx

wewUk wcwiqW cwmWU

gvt Imgvb MwY, Mvwe`cyi

g^vi, cvwKvb Avgj

kvgmywb Avng`, cqvjx

cwiPvjK , grm Awa`i

Avyj Mdzi ZvjyK`vi, cUzqvcvov

mveK wkK

Wv: cvij Avvi, mvicvo

cdmi, mvi mwjgyj-vn gwWKvj


KjR

Wt BDmyd gRyg`vi, evoBMvuI

wWii, Kwl

Avjx Avkvd cvUvqvix, evoMvuvI

mveK wkK

Avyj gvbvb gRyg`vi, evoMvuI

mveK wkK

Wvt Avyj AvwRR, evoMvuI

miKvwi wPwKrmK

BqvKze nvmb ZvjyK`vi, cqvjx

^v Kci RvqMvi `vZv

Wt iKbyvgvb,cqvjx

AavcK, MvRxcyi Kwl wek`vjq

gvt myjvqgvb ZvjyK`vi

AavcK, wmjU Kwl wekwe`vjq

W: gKeyj gyk`, mvicvo


gig AvjnvR gwZb wgqv, mvicvo
wmivRyj gvdv ZvjyK`vi, cqvjx
IqvwjDj-vn wgqv, mvicvo
byyij Bmjvg weGmwm, mvicvo

mnhvMx AavcK, XvKv wekwe`vjq


wewk eemvqx
Aemicv Aa, KvWU KjR
mveK gvwRU
mveK wkK

331

332

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi,
gZje `wY

KYj gvgb, mvocvi

KYj

AvKei Avjx Lvb, e`icyi

wbevnx cKkjx

Gg`v` cvUvqvix, bvivqYcyi

vqvWb wjWvi (Ae:) mvnveDwb mveK cwiPvjK, Gb Gm AvB


Avng`, cqvjx
Wv: kvqL Avng`, cqvjx

Kzwgjv gwWKj KjR

mvBd Avng`, cqvjx

weweG, GgweG (AvB we G, Xvwe)


wmwbqi Awdmvi, GBP Gm we wm
evsK|

Avwid Avng`, cqvjx

weGmwm Bwwbqvi (BjKwUKvj) ,


AvBBDwU, MvRxcyi, AvgwiKvZ
KgiZ|

Kvb dvwng nvmbvBb, cqvjx

iscyi KvUbgU

_vbv wkv Awdmvi

wbgj Mv^vgx, Mvwe`cyi

ivRbxwZwe`

kvgmyvgvb I byivgvb, hvMxPvci

lvU Gi `kKi Ljvqvo

AvjnvR gwReyi ingvb, cqvjx

wkvbyivMx

gv: gwReyi ingvb, cqvjx

DccwiPvjK, cvwb Dbqb evW

Av: AvwRR, cqvjx

PvUvW GKvDbUU

gv: Lvik` Avjg, cqvjx

mveK KvWU, Kgvvi, evsjv`k


b evwnbx

jdUbU Kbj bvBg nvmbvBb, hkvi KvUbgU


cqvjx
Wv: Szgvbv ivw`qv,

XvKv

W: gv: wgRvbyi ingvb, PvcvZjx

mnKvix AavcK, ki evsjv Kwl


wekwe`vjq|
mveK KUvjvi, XvKv wkv evW

Wv: gvq~b Kwei, cqvjx

wk wekl

GvWfvKU gvdv, cqvjx

mveK BD wc Pqvigvb, m`m,


XvKv evi KvDwj

gv: Aveyj evmvi, c`yqv, Kvwkgcyi

gv: gwbij &nK, cqvjx

gvbRvi, evsjv`k Kwl evsK,


KivwbM

cKkjx
Kvwkgcyi

Wv: gvnZve Dwb Avng`, cqvjx

wmwbqi cv_jwR, eviWg, XvKv

gv: mwdDjvn wgqv, c`yqv, Kvwkgcyi

333

Ievq`

Djvn,

c`yqv, wbevnx cKkjx (Ae:) wcwWwe,


PMvg
mgevq Awdmvi (Ae:) I wewk
mgvRmeK
334

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi,
gZje `wY

(m~ : vbxq MYgvb eweMi mv_ Z_ msMn KwgwUi gZwewbgq mfv,


BDwbqb cwil` Kvhvjq)

1973-1975 mvj ch- gvjK miKvi (imyjcyi)


1975-1990 mvj ch- AvjnvR Kvw`i eLZ eKvDj (cqvjx)
1991-1996 mvj ch GvWfvKU gvdv Kvgvj Payix (cqvjx)

AvjnvR Kvw`i eLZ eKvDj (cqvjx) :


1901 mvj RbMnY Kib Ges gZzeiY Kib 1994 mvj| Gi ga 46 eQi
BDwbqb cwil`i m`m, cwmWU I Pqvigvb c` KgiZ wQjb| wewUk
Avgj GKRb ZiY mgvRmeK wnme mZZvi mv_ `y: RbMYi gvS
Lv`km myzfve weZiYi mvbbv mb` cv nb| ci wewUkweivax Av`vjb
mwq nIqvi KviY wewUk miKvi ZvK Lvb evnv`yi Dcvwa _K ewZ Ki|
ci Avevi Lvb evnv`yi Dcvwa `qv nq| wewUk Avgj BDwbqb evWi m`m
wQjb| cvwKvb Avgj 1947 mvj _K ^vaxbZvi ci evsjv`k 1990 mvj
ch `xN 35 eQi c_g cwmWU ci Pqvigvb c` KgiZ wQjb| Gi
gvS Rbve kvgmyvgvb, Rqbvj cvUvqvix I gvjK miKvi bvivqYcyi
BDwbqbi Pqvigvb wnme 08 eQi `vwqZ cvjb Ki MQb| 1960 mvj
gZjeM Rwe cvBjU DP we`vjq cwiPvjbv cwil`i m`m wnme `vwqZ
cvjb Kib| wkvbyivMx wnme wZwb Zuvi KwZZi ^vi ivLb| wewfb wkv
cwZvb `vZv I cwiPvjbv evWi m`m wnme Ges wewUk I cvwKvb Avgj
Rywi evWi m`m wnme mybvgi mv_ `vwqZ cvjb Kib|
PqvigvbMYi ZvwjKv :
---------- ivg`qvj bvM
1914-39 dwiRDwb Avng`
1947-1971 mvj-AvjnvR Kvw`i eLZ eKvDj (G mgqi ga Kvb GK mgq
gvnv` kvgmyvgvb weGwewU I gvjK miKvi AvbygvwbK 08 eQi cwmWU
wQjb|)
1972 mvj- Rqbvj Ave`xb cvUvqvix (e`icyi)
335

1996-2000 mvj - gvjK miKvi (imyjcyi)


2001-2013 mvj- Rwnij gvdv ZvjyK`vi (cqvjx)
gig dwiR Dwb Avng` : Rbve dwiR Dwb Avng`i Rb-1869 mvj|
AvbygvwbK 1888 Bs mvj GUvm cixvq cvk Ki KqK gvm evwoZ _K
wkKZv I mvsmvwiK KvR Kg evcZ _vKvi ci, 21/22 eQi eqm wZwb
wkKZvi Dk Puv`cyi Rjvq gZje _vbvi Aaxb mvicvo (cKvk
bvivqYcyi) Mvg Avmb AvbygvwbK 1892 Bs mvj ZrKvjxb Rwg`vii
Abyivag| mB mgq wZwb bvivqYcyi evRvii Rwg`vix KvPvwi msjM vb
(eZgvb bvivqYcyi BDwbqY cwil` Kvhvjq Awdmi cwg cvk) Rwg`vii
mnvqZvq 1892 Bs mvj mec_g GKwU cv_wgK zj vcb Kib Ges mLvbB
wkKZv i Kib|
eZgvb bvivqYcyi ccyjvi DP we`vjq, hv MZ 20 kZKi 40 `kK ch wQj
gvBbi zj (mLvb Qv`iK ZLb 6 kYx ch covbv nZ) gig dwiR
Dwb Avng` wQjb Gi cwZvZv wkK| AvbygvwbK 1893 Bs mvj cvBgvwi
zj wnmve miKvwi Abygv`b g wZwb c_g GwU vcb Kijb bvivqYcyi
evRvi eZgvb BDwbqb cwil` Awdm msjM cwg w`K| cieZxZ Qv msLv
ew cvIqvq Ges zj mmviYi Rb GLvb vbvfve NUvq, wZwb miKvi
Abygvw`Z zjwU vcbi bvg bvivqYcyi AcwiewZZ iL ZrKvwjb Rwg`vii
mnvqZvq 1910 Bs mvj zjwU evqvjRywo Lvji Di cvk (hv eZgvb `wY
bvqiMuvI BDwbqYi Af
z ) Rwg`vii Lvm RwgZ vbvwiZ Ki bvivqYcyi
gvBbi zj bvg Pvjy Kib Ges mLvb wbR wkKZv Kib| BZvga
AvbygvwbK 1917 Bs mvj wZwb 40 wU gRvfz 49 wU Mvg m^wjZ eni
bvivqYcyi BDwbqbi cwmWU wbevwPZ nb| BDwbqb evWi cwmWU wbevwPZ
336

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi,
gZje `wY

nIqvi ci wZwb gvBbi zji wkKZv _K AevnwZ wbq eevcbv KwgwUi


mv`K wnme Gi Dbqb meY mnvqZv c`vb Kib| 1925 mvj bvivqYcyi
C`Mvn cwZv Kib| wewUk Avgj eni Kzwgj-v Rjvq 26 eQi GKvavi
BDwbqb cwmWU c` AwawZ wQjb| wZwb AbK KweZv I Mvb iPbv
KiQb| wZwb wQjb bvqwb, AgvwqK I `vbkxj| 1943 mvj `ywfi mgq
cv GKwU AvZ wk KbvK (hvi bvg iLwQjb `ytwLbx) wbR 15 eQi
jvjb cvjb Ki cv Kib| 1966 mvj wZwb 95 eQi eqm gZyeiY
Kib|

bvivqbcyi evRvii GKvsk (vBwfD)

bvqiMuvI Di BDwbqb

337

338

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi,
gZje `wY

fMwjK : Di `vD`Kvw` DcRjv, c~e KPzqv DcRjv, `wY bvivqYcyi


BDwbqb I bvqiMvuI `wY BDwbqb, cwg `vD`Kvw` DcRjv I bvqiMvuI
`wY BDwbqb|

Di bvqiMuvI
BDwbqb

3234

4164

19845

176

755

87

476

308

1570

65

302

1197

5976

225

1095

lvj`vbv

52

254

wLw`icyi

128

663

wekvmcyi

70

393

b`xLvjv

468

2246

`vmie`

107

553

KvwPqviv

147

772

1967

8988

gvmyv

173

779

cqvixLvjv

415

1998

bvIRvb

325

1409

Avwkbcyi AvswkK
Piwmjw`
Nvbv
Mvwe`cyi
KvwPqviv
eKPi

Mvg : gvU wekwU| Avaviv, cvuP`vbv, gvmyv, bvDRvb, cqvixLvjv, Mvwe`cyi,


Di evuiMvI , `wY euviMvI, jvK, Zzlcyi, Nvbv, b`xLvjv, eKPi, Piwmwj`v,
wcZv^`x, KvwPqviv, wLw`icyi, `vkie`, wekvmcyi, lvj`vbv|
BDwbqb/ cimfv

gvU RbmsLv

cyil

gwnjv

bvqiMuvI

19,845

9420

10,425

GjvKv

AvqZb GKi

cwievi

339

RbmsLv

cqvixLvjv
(AvswkK)

340

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi,
gZje `wY

Di eviMvuvI

259

1257

`wY eviMvuI

511

2279

jvK

137

645

cvuP`vbv

137

621

wcZv^`x

82

403

Zzlcyi

282

1375

Avwkbcyi AvswkK

176

755

_K nvRvi nvRvi gY Avjy mviv`k mieivn nq Ges `ki evBiI ivbx


nq| c~evjx esKi kvLv, Znwmj Awdm, AvBwmwWwWAviwe nvmcvZvj, Lv`
`vg I abvMv`v b`xi NvU iqQ GLvb|
jvK : G MvgwUK wNi e KKvwnbx cPwjZ iqQ| G Mvgi cyKzi ^Y
cvIqv hZv| gMivRvi evwo wQjv gg `vwe Kiv nq| Pvu` mI`vMii wWx MvQ
wKQzw`b AvM&I cv&Iqv hZv| Avwkbcyi, UgvB, jvK I wkecyi Mvg cvPxb
gMivRv`i AbK wZ AvQ| gMivRviv G c_ evwYR KiZv| G knii Avq
eqi KvlvMvii wP wnmeB `ywU cvKv `vjvb wQjv| GKwU evauvB Kiv
bKvi NvU wQjv|

bvgKiY I BwZnvm
KvwPqviv : bvqiMvuI Di BDwbqb KvwPqviv GKwU wKse`xi Mvg| G Mvgi
Kvbgvjv gZvi KvbivRvi w`Nx bvg GKwU cKv w`wN iqQ| GLbv
ivRevwoi AbK asmvekl eZgvb AvQ| GKwU we`vjq I GKwU gv`vmv
iqQ| AvbygvwbK 400 eQi c~e G KvbivRvi w`Nx Lbb Kiv nq| AvqZb
12.43 GKi| Gi cwg cvk KvwPqviv ivRevwo hLvb wZbwU cwiLv iqQ|
cyKzii cvwb mP Kgvbv hvqbv | ivRv ev Rwg`vi`i wejvwmZvi AbK wP
AvQ| `vZe ev Rbmevi Kvb wP bvB| bvnvi evwo (cvwbi bni wQjv)
GLbv we`gvb| RbkwZ iqQ h 200 jvKi gRevwbi ZRlc `exi
KvQ PvIqv nj AjwKKfve Zv Pj AvmZv ivZ 12Uvi ci| KvR kl
Avevi diZ `qv nZv| KvuPv `ya w`q DVvb jcv nZv|
bvqiMvuI : abvMv`v b`xi c~ecvo bvqiMvuI Mvg AewZ| c~e GUv
KvbvPvqvi nvU ej AwfwnZ wQjv| Kw_Z AvQ eemvqx`i AbK bvI
(bKv) evuav _vKZv ej bvqiMvuI bvg aviY Ki| Zv weZviv bKvq
emB KbvePv mviZv Z_v bvq bvq ePvKbv PjZv| G Mvg ivgP` gwj-K
bvg GK Rwg`vi wQjv| Rwg`vii evwoi asmvekl GLbv AvQ| gZje
`wY DcRjvi ga bvqiMvuI evRvi GKwU Dj-LhvM eemvK`| GLvb
341

342

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi,
gZje `wY

wkv cwZvb
wgK bs

cv_wgK we`vjqi bvg

cwZvKvj

1.

jvKwkecyi mi.cv_.we`v.

1970
1972

.
bs

DP we`vjqi bvg

cwZvi
mb

cwZvZvi bvg

2.

eKPi mi.cv_.we`v.
cqvixLvjv mi.cv.we`v.

1970

01

KvwPqviv DP we`vjq

1966

AvjnvR gKeyj nvmb gvj-v

b`xLvjv mi.cv_.we`v.

1961

02

1982

KvwPqviv mi.cv_.we`v.

1932

KvwPqviv evwjKv DP
we`vjq

nvRx gjfx mKv`i Avjx


cvUIqvix

Zzlcyi mi.cv_.we`v.

1929

03

Avaviv DP we`vjq

1973

AvjnvR AvBqye Avjx

Avaviv mi.cv_.we`v.

1934

04

jvKwkecyi wdivRv eMg


DP we`vjq

1970

gvt byij `v

eviMuvI mi.cv_.we`v.

1936

bvDRvb mi: cv: we:

1971

Nvbv Iqvwmg Dwb mi: cv: we:

2000

`: eviMuvI mi: cv: we:

1991

3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.

: bs

01

gv`vmv

bw`Lvjv dvwRj gv`vmv

cwZvi
mb
1940

cwZvZvi bvg

1| Avyj AvwRR
2| Avyj Mdzi

11.
12.
13.

2| ggZvR eMg
wekvmcyi mi: cv: we:

1975
02

Mvwe`cyi miKvwi cv_wgK we`vjq

343

KvwPqviv Rvgvwjqv Avwjg


gv`vmv

1977

344

AvjnvR gjfx mKv`i


Avjx cvUIqvix

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi,
gZje `wY

gvRvi/`iMvn/cxi : b`xLvjvi cik kvn dwKii gvRvi, wcZv^`xi Rbcyix


`ievi, b`xLvjvi mvbvKv`v LvbKv kixd I gvmyvi Avyi iwngi gvRvi|

GwKD Gg gywReyi ingvb


bvqve Avjx

HwZnvwmK/cZZvwK wb`kbmg~n : KvYgvjvi w`Nx| Szgy evwo (gZje _vbvi


mePvBZ DuPzf~wg gZvi jvKwkecyii wKbv; GUv Rj`myiv eenvi KiQ),
Kvb ivRvi evwo I bnvi evwo|

AvjxMo wekwe`vjq _K
A_bxwZZ gvvm, mycxg KvU
AvBb ckvq ` wQjb|

Wvt ivLvj e`vcvavq

Wvvi

Rbve Avevm

e`

fie wekvm

KweivR

AvwRR cavwbqv, b`xLvjv

mgvRmeK

dRjyj nK, b`xLvjv

c`v_ wefvM, ZRMuvI KjR

10

mq` Avng`, lvj`vbv

Aemicv DccwiPjK mgvRmev

11

nvRx kidzwb, cqvixLvjv mgvRmeK

12

gjfx mKv`i
cvUvqvix, KvwPqviv

13

mdi
Avjx
KvwPqviv

14

gvt Avyi ie KvwPqviv GwRGg, bvkbvj evsK


ivRevwo

15

gvkviid
wekvmcyi

16

Av: iwng cvUvqvix, Zzlcyi

b`x/Lvj-wej/w`Nx : mvbvBiwej, evqvjRywo Lvj (PviUfvsMv gnvib GjvKv),


b`xLvjvi Lvj, evZzwiqv Lvj (KPzqv gZjei gvSLvb), gviKv b`x
(bvqiMvuI mvPvi)|
gyywhyi vb I NUbvmg~n : KvwPqviv cv_wgK we`vjq gywhvv`i Avqx
Kv wQjv| GLvb gywhvv`i cwkY `qv nZv| weGg Kwjgyj-v Gi
bZZ wQjb|
wewk ewZ
g
(RZvi
gvbymvi
bq)
1

bvg

c`ex

gv : gvndzRyi ingvb

hyMmwPe, MYcRvZx evsjv`k


miKvi (mveK Rjv ckvmK,
ivRevox)

Avjx nvmvBb wkecyi

kvj mycvwiUU Ae cywjk

GRGg nvwdR, b`xLvjv

BwcwmGm, wmI Wf, GwW


gvbcvIqvi, Aet

345

Avjx mgvRmeK

wgqvwR, wcZv^`x evRvii cwZvZv

nvmb, cKkjx

346

mgvRmeK

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi,
gZje `wY

17

wmivR, Zzlcyi

mgvRmeK

18

AvBqye Avjx

Avaviv zj cwZvZv

19

Avt mvgv`, Di eviMvuI

BDwc Pqvigvb 22 eQi

20

GWfvKU
gvmyv

gvRvj, GWfvKU

21

gig Avyj gwR` gvvi, wkK


bvDRvb

22

Aveyj nvmg miKvi, `wY cv gvvi Rbvij, wRwcI


evoMvuI

23

AvdRvj Dwb, bvIRvb

WvK ZveavqK

24

gwdR Dwb, Zzlcyi

DcLv`wbqK

25
26

jyrdi ingvb, Zzlcyi

A BDwbqbi PqvigvbMYi bvg I KvhKvj


wgK
bs

bvg

KvhKvj

gjvbv Avym mvgv` cvUIqvix

1961-64

AvjnvR kvmmyxb cvUvqvix

1964-65

Avyj AvwRR cavwbqv

1965-68

gvt ggZvR Avjx Lvb

1968-72

gvt jvj wgqv cvUvqvix

1972-73

gjvbv Avym mvgv` cvUvqvix

1973-77

gvt ggZvR Avjx Lvb

1977-83

gvt Zdvj nvmb miKvi

1983-88

gvt kwdKzi ingvb cvUvqvix

1988-92

10

gvt Zdvj nvmb miKvi

1992-97

11

gvt `jvqvi nvmb `yjvj(fvicv)

1997-98

12

Gg G zi cvUvqvix

1998-2003

13

GgG &zi cvUvqvix

2003-08

mnKvix cwiPvjK Zzlcyi

GWfvKU eRjyi ingvb,


jvK

AvBbRxex

27

Avyi ingvb evoMvI

weG

28

Avyj ivvK gvvi,


wNw`icyi

cavb wkK

(m~ : vbxq MYgvb eweMi mv_ Z_ msMn KwgwUi gZ wewbgq mfv,


BDwbqb cwil` Kvhvjq)
347

348

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi,
gZje `wY

14

gvt `yjvj wgqv (fvicv)

2008-11

15

gvt wgRvbyi ingvb mwjg

2011- eZgvb

bvqiMvuI `wY BDwbqb


fMwjK : Di `vD`Kvw` DcRjv I bvqiMvuI Di, c~e KPzqv DcRjv,
`wY bvivqYcyi I Lvu`iMvuI BDwbqb Ges cwg Lv`iMvuI BDwbqb I
gZje Di DcRjv|
349

350

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi,
gZje `wY

Mvgi bvg : bvqiMvuI, cvUb, PibvqiMvuI, Avwkbcyi, KvwjqvBk, nwiqb,


kvncyi, ZvZLvbv, wLw`icyi, cvuPNwiqv, `wY Avaviv, LMcyi, KvwRqviv,
Nvovavix, UgvB, wkecyi, gnviY|
bvgKiY I BwZnvm
bvqiMvuI : abvMv`v b`xi c~ecvo bvqiMvuI Mvg AewZ| c~e GUv
KvbvPvqvi nvU ej AwfwnZ wQjv| Kw_Z AvQ eemvqx`i AbK bvI
(bKv) evuav _vKZv ej bvqiMvuI bvg aviY Ki| Zv weZviv bKvq
emB KbvePv mviZv Z_v bvq bvq ePvKbv PjZv| G Mvg ivgP` gwj-K
bvg GK Rwg`vi wQjb| Rwg`vii evwoi asmvekl GLbv AvQ| gZje
`wY DcRjvi ga bvqiMvuI evRvi GKwU Dj-LhvM eemv K`| GLvb
_K nvRvi nvRvi gY Avjy mviv`k mieivn nq Ges `ki evBi&I ivbx
nq| c~evjx evsKi kvLv, Znwmj Awdm, AvBwmwWwWAviwe nvmcvZvj, Lv`
`vg I abvMv`v b`xi NvU iqQ|

351

Avwkbcyi- Beb eZzZv 1340 wLv mvbviMuv, PMvg I wmjU gYKvj


cw_ga agkni e`i (eZgvb Avwkbcyi) wKQzY Aevb KiwQjb gg
wewfb m~ eYbv cvIqv hvq (gymwjg evsjvi BwZnvm, c: 93)| bvqiMvuI `wY
BDwbqb Avwkbcyi Mvg AewZ| RbkwZ AvQ h evey AwkbxKzgvii
bvgvbymvi Avwkbcyi Mvgi bvgKiY nqQ| AwkbxKzgvii cwiwPwZ mK
eZgvb KD wKQz ejZ cvib wb| Avwkbcyi agkni bvg cwiwPZ wQjv|
cvUki ivRv ev cvYki ivRvi ivRavbx wQjv gg Kw_Z AvQ| G Mvg
AvbygvwbK `o nvRvi eQi cvPxb| wKQzw`b G Avwkbcyi GjvKv weivb GjvKv
wQjv| G GjvKvq Kjiv, em, gnvgvix wnme Nb Nb `Lv w`Zv| cvUvqvix
evwo wQjv eyRs evwo| eyiR gvb wKj-v| cvPxb e Avgj eyRs evwo mvMi
_K RM DV| wKj-vwU Rj`myi Avv wQjv| gbvB mI`vMii wWv MvQ,
gBbv kvjv` MvQ bKvi eVv wnme eeZ nZv| GLvb BsiR Avgj
cvUi `vg wQjv| mwWv evSvB gwYgvwYK gMivRviv wbq hvevi mgq
bKvWzwe nZv| mB gwYgvwYK ^Yg ~`v I wWvMvQ GLbv cvIqv hvq|
Avwkbcyi mg knii Avqeq ivi Rb jvKi eyiRs cwm wQjv| Avwkbcyi
zji cvZ cvq 700 eQi cyiYv w`wN iqQ| w`wNi Zj`k cvKv| gvwUi
wbP cyiYv febi asmvekl cvIqv hvq| GLvb 500 eQii cyiYv GKwU
ZuZzj MvQ wQjv hv KU djv nq| GLvb gvwUi cv wewfb cYi KbvePv
nZv| GLbv fvOv fvv UzKiv cvIqv hvq| 1958 mvj GLvb GKwU KjR
cwZvi D`vM bb Avyj gwZb cvUvqvix| G Dcj e Kwe mvwnwZKi
GLvb AvMgb NU| Zvui ga Kwe Mvjvg gvdv, Kwe Rwmg Dxb, Kwe
diiL Avng` AbZg wQjb| mvi mq` Avng` KjR cwZvi Rb
cv_wgK cw Z bqv nq| ci KjR cwZv nq DVwb|
gnviY : bvqiMvuI `wY BDwbqbi evqvjRywo Lvji cvo gnviY MvgwU
AewZ| cvq 400 eQi AvM Kvwkgcyi Rwg`vi I Mixcyi Rwg`vii ga
SMov weev` _K iY Zix nq hv eZgvb gnviY bvgK vb| h KviY
gnviY _KB gnviY bvgi Drcw| gZvi wcyivi ivRvi mv_ cwg `kxq
Kvb AgvZ dRi GK gnv iY msMwVZ nq| gnv iY _K gnviY hv
_K gnvib Mvgi bvgwUi Drcw| m mgq jvKmvgi Rwg`vi Gm cvkeZx
352

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi,
gZje `wY

AvjxqvivZ em LvRbv Av`vq KiZv| `~ii Rwg`vi ej Pvlxiv LvRbv w`Z


ivRx nZvbv| ZLb jvKmvgi Rwg`vi Kvjxevey gnviYi Rwg`vi vwiKvbv_
`vm I eKz `vmi mv_ AvjvPbv Ki LvRbv Zvjvi `vwqZ w`j| Gici _K
gnviYi Rwg`viiv Avjxqviv KvPvix I bvivqYcyi KvPvixZ em LvRbv DVvZv
Ges Gi fvM jvKmvgi Rwg`viK w`Zv (eQi AvovBkZ UvKv LvRbv)|
vwiKvbv_ `vm I eKz `vm I wMwikP` `vm hLb LvRbv Av`vq i Kijv
ZLb gvbyl Zv`iK `vjvj ej WvKZv| mB _K gnviYi Rwg`vi`i
bvgi mv_ `vjvj Dcvwa hy& nq| gvqvai `vm `vjvj, gvLb `vm `vjvj I
eZgvb bZv bxq gnviYevmxi AbKB mB Rwg`vi`i eskai| DcRjvi
ga weivU NbemwZc~Y Mvg| mg MvgwU AL evwo| mgM Mvgi jvKRb
cavbZ grmRxex| ZvB Mvg GKwU grm cwkY K`i (Aaybv jy) cvKv
`vjvb AZxZi mvx wnme `uvwoq AvQ| GLvbKvi nwimfv, i_i gjv I
jxi niv Dj-LhvM| Mvgi gw`ii cwiPvjbvi fvi wbq cfvekvjx`i
gvS wef` eQii ci eQi Pj AvmQ| (m~ : vbxq jvKRbi mv_
mvvrKvi Ges myej evey I mvay evey nZ msMnxZ Z_)
GjvKv

(AvqZb GKi)

gvU cwievi

gvU
RbmsLv

`wY bvqiMvuI
BDwbqb

4047

5550

26301

cvUb

462

2140

PibvqviMvuI

44

305

bvqviMvu evRvi

213

975

Nvovavix

339

1522

nwiqb

121

596

KvwRqviv (AvswkK)

1036

5431

KvwRqvi

505

2541

gnviY

531

2890

KvwjqvBk

1969

1286

LMcyi

373

1786

wLw`icyi

322

1462

cvPuNwiqv

208

980

Avaviv

204

984

kvncyi

228

972

Avwkbcyi (AvswkK)

1818

8323

wkecyi

193

906

Avwkbcyi

698

3029

ZgvB

280

1378

Di bvqviMvu

401

1874

ZvuZLvbv

159

775

353

354

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi,
gZje `wY

bs

gvawgK we`vjq/gv`vmv

wkv cwZvb :
bs bvg
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.

mb

gnviY mi.cv_.we`v.

1929

bvqiMuvI mi.cv_.we`v.

1957

Avwkbcyi mi.cv_.we`v.

1957

Nvovavix mi.cv_.we`v.

1939

wLw`icyi mi.cv_.we`v.

1939

KvwRqviv mi: cv: we:

1972

kvncyi mi: cv: we:

1990

cwg Avwkbcyi knx` wRqvDi


8. ingvb mi: cv: we:

1986

KvwjqvBk dRi Avjx miKvi mi:


9. cv: we:

1985

10.

11. bviqYcyi miKvwi cv_wgK we`vjq

355

myi` P` `vm

cwZvZvi bvg

bvqi MvuI DP we`vjq

1987

gvt gybxi nvmb cvUIqvix


Ms

Avwkbcyi DP we`vjq

1939

gig kvn` Avjx

LMcyi dvwRj gv`vmv

1920

gig gjfx
Avyj Inve

bviqYcyi ccyjvi
DPwe`vjq

1952

gvnv` Avjx wgqvRx

bvivqYcyi Rywbqi evwjKv


we`vjq

1964

gv : wmivRyj Bmjvg cavb


wkK, bvivqYcyi ccyjvi
DP we`vjq

6.

KvwjqvBk Bmjvwgqv dvwRj 1930


gv`vmv

gvIjvbv gvnv` Igi


Avjx

HwZnvwmK/cZZvwK wb`kbmg~n : Avwkbcyii cvUvqvix evwoi w`Nx I


Avwkbcyii cyibv KvPvix Ni (ewYK`i Avqeq wnmve Ni) BZvw`|
gywhyi vb I NUbvmg~n : wLw`icyi cv_wgK we`vjq GKwU Kv wQjv
hLvb _K gywhvv`i cwkY `qv nZv| G cvUzbi bZZ wQjb bQvi
Dxb cvUvqvix (ci miKvii DcmwPe wQjb)|

`wY wLw`icyi mi.cv_.we`v.

12. cvUb knx` wRqv wZ mi: cv: we:

cwZvZv

cwZvi
mb

1991

gvRvi : KvjyLvbi gvRvi gjfx gvt Mvjvg nvq`vii gvRvi, cvPNwiqv,


dwKi jRvi kvni gvRvi, Nvovavix I Rbcyix LvbKv, kvncyi|
gw`i : gnviY RMbv_ gw`i, bvqiMuvI Kvjxgw`i|
356

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi,
gZje `wY

wewk ew :
g
RZvbymvi
bq
1

Avyj gwR` gvvi, Avwkbcyi

10

Avyj
nvdR
Avwkbcyi

cvUvqvix, weKw`f~Z
KviLvbvi mwPe

11

cvUvqvix, cwiPvjK, Lv` Awa`i

Avyj Mdzi cvUvqvix, Avwkbcyi DcRjvi c_g MvRyqU


1917 eni Kzwgj-vi
wkv cwi`kK

Avkivd nvmb
Avwkbcyi

12

AvKei nvmb, Avwkbcyi

Wvt bRij Bmjvg, cvUvqvix, Wvvi


Avwkbcyi

13

Wvt
gvkviid nvmb , XvKv gwWKvj KjR,
Avwkbcyi
cdmi

gvnveyj Bmjvg,
Avwkbcyi

cvUvqvix, cKkjx
14

Avbvqvi nvmb
Avwkbcyi

cvUvqvix, wRGg cUvevsjv

evwivi kvLvIqvZ
cvUvqvix, Avwkbcyi

15

Wt Avng` nvmb cvUvqvix, evwivi


Avwkbcyi

16

wMwikP` `vm `vjvj, gnvib

17

dqRDxb cvUvqvix, Avwkbcyi KvRx

18

nvweeyj-vn cvUvqvix, Avaviv

mvbvjx evsK GwRGg

19

knx`yj-vn cvUvqvix, Avaviv

wkK, Kzwgj-v Bvnvwb


KjR

20

`jvqvi nvmb cavb, Avaviv

XvKv

bvg

c`ex

Wt Riyj Bmjvg cvUvqvix, XvKv UvBgm GwWUi


Avwkbcyi
iwdKzj Bmjvg,
Avwkbcyi

wkK
wk

cdmi, evsjv`k Kwl


wekwe`vjq

nvmb evwivi

Rwg`vi

cvUvqvix, wWwRGg Div evsK

Wvt gvqyb cvUvqvix, Avwkbcyi

Kzwgj-v gwWKvj KjR,


cdmi

Wvt gvvK Avng`, nwiqY

XvKv bvkbvj gwWKvj


KjR, cdmi

357

358

jveiUwi

zj,

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi,
gZje `wY

21

Avyj gvjK cavb, wLw`icyi

22

gvt dRjyi
wLw`icyi

ingvb

cavb wkK, mfvcwZ

33

Avyj Kwig, Nvovavix

AwWUi, evsjv`k evsK

GmwcI KvUgm

34

gvnvg` Avjx Lvb, Avwkbcyi

xovwe`/Pqvigvb
BDwc

35

gvkviid nvmb ZvjyK`vi , BDwc Pqvigb 5 evi


kvncyi

36

Minwi `vjvj, gnvib

mgvRmeK

37

gvLb `vm `vjvj

mgvRmeK

cavb DcRjv Kwl KgKZv

23

Gg G gwZb, LMcyi,

wWwRGg , c~evjx evsK

24

Igi Avjx, LMcyi

cwZvZv
gv`vmv

KvwjqvBk

25

nvdR Dxb gvvi, Avwkbcyi

wkK

38

gvqvai `vjvj

mgvRmeK

26

Avyi ivvK, Avwkbcyi

cavb wkK

39

P`ai `vm `vjvj

c_g MvRyqU gnviY

27

Avyj nvwjg e`, Avwkbcyi

g^vi I mgvRKgx

40

Avyj nvwKg Payix, nwiqb

icvjx esK wWwRGg

28

gjfx gvnv` wmivRDxb, BDwc Pqvigvb


Avwkbcyi

41

Rvgvj evcvix, nwiqb

mgvRKgx

29

ggZvR Dxb cavb, Avwkbcyi

42

gv: kvn Avjvg, nwiqb

GwRGg mvbvjx evsK

30

Avjx nvmb cavb, Avwkbcyi

43

Wv: b~ij Bmjvg, nwiqb

`ivM I gwWwmb
wekl, bvivqYM

31

wmivRyj Bmjvg, UgvB wkecyi

Rjv cwi`kK

44

32

wmivRyj Bmjvg, KvwjqvBk

cavb wkK, bvivqYcyi


zj

cKkjx gvt iwdKzj Bmjvg, ZveavqK


nwiqb
mIR

45

Kvgvj Dxb, kvncyi

359

360

cKkjx,

wWii, Avievb GbwRI

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi,
gZje `wY

46

47
48

wmivRyj Bmjvg, cvPNwiqv

RMbv_
cfvlK

gvt Aveyj Kvkg, cvPNwiqv


gvt BqvKze Avjx gav, KvwRqviv

wekwe`vjq

Rjv wkv cwi`kK

63

ivgP` gwj-K, bvqiMvuI

Rwg`vi

64

bvivqbP` cvj

wZZvm Mvm wRGg

65

kvn Avyj gwZb, Nvovavix

wkvbyivMx, ivRbxwZwe`,
mgvRmeK I gywhyi
msMVK| bvivqYcyi zj,
Avwkbcyi zj, KvwjqvBk
gv`vmvi
cwZvZv
wQjb| Kzwgj-v KvUi
GK b^i Ryix nvwKg
wQjb|

66

nwi bvivqb gRyg`vi, bvqiMvuI

evsjv`k evsKi wbevnx


cwiPvjK (Ae:)

mgvRKgx

Rqbvj cvUvqvix, `wY Avaviv

BDwc Pqvigb

50

Puvb wgqv cwZ, LMcyi

BDwc Pqvigvb

51

gjfx Avyj Inve, LMcyi

cwZvZv LMcyi gv`vmv

52

Avjx Avng` ik`x, LMcyi

wfwm eyqU

53

Avjx AvKei, cvPNwoqv

gvbRvi
nvUj BUv:

56

wmivRyj Bmjvg, kvncyi

ij&Iq cKkjx

57

Avjx nvmb, nwiqb

AMYx evsK Awdmvm


mwgwZ bZv

58

nvweeyj-vn
Avaviv

60

Avyj Mdzi, Avwkbcyi

wWMx cvm 1960

49

cvUvqvix,

61

dvBbv

`wY wRGg mvbvjx evsK

(m~ : vbxq MYgvb eweMi mv_ Z_ msMn KwgwUi gZ wewbgq mfv,


BDwbqb cwil` Kvhvjq)

Pqvigvb`i ZvwjKv
gwdRyj Bmjvg cvUvqvix----

AvZvl gwj-K, bvqiMvuI

AvBwmwWwWAviwe cvBgvix
zj, nvB zj, gmwR`i
RvqMvi `vZv

gjfx Avym mvgv`---byij Bmjvg cvUvqvix 1962-65


wmivRyj Bmjvg -------

361

362

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi,
gZje `wY

gvkviid nvmb ZvjyK`vi- 1972-73


gvkviid nvmb ZvjyK`vi- 1973-77
gvkviid nvmb ZvjyK`vi- 1977-77
Puvb wgqv cwZ-1977-83
gvkviid nvmb ZvjyK`vi -1983-88
Rqbvj Ave`xb cvUvqvix- 1988-92
gvnv` Avjx Lvb- 1992-98
gvkviid nvmb ZvjyK&`vi- 1998-2003
gvt dRjyi ingvb cavb- 2003 _K eZgvb

363

364

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi,
gZje `wY

bvgKiY : G GjvKvq AvM jgjg mvMi wQjv| cieZxZ emZ Mo DV|


gymwjg kvmb we`gvb wQjv| wewUk miKvi ev Rwg`vi KZK wewfb Dcvax
weZiY Kiv nZv| GLvb _K G GjvKvi bvg nq Dcvax _K Dcv`x| Pvu`
mI`vMii wWw fO hv&Iqvq bvg nq wWvfvv| enixi jR A_ev bKvi
jR _K jRvKvw`i bvgKiY nq| Rj`myi fq bKvi AbK eo eo eni
_vKZv ej bvg nq enix|
Mvgi bvg : AvPjwQjv, `jwaqv, aywjqvDov, bIMuvI, jRvKvw`, enix, Dcv`x,
wWvfvv I cvuPKxcvov|
Dcv`x Di BDwbqb
fMwjK : Di bvivqYcyi BDwbqb I gZje cimfv, c~e bvivqYcyi
BDwbqb I nvRxM DcRjv, `wY Dcv`x `wY BDwbqb, cwg gZje
cimfv|

iweDjvi w`wN : Kw_Z AvQ h, w`wNwU f~Zzi VvKzii f~Z Lbb KiwQj|
mvivivZ cyKzi KvUv nqwQj| w`b KvUv nZvbv| GKcvo Amgv| wZbcvoi
cyKzi| eZgvb miKvwi grm Pvl cKvaxb G w`NxwU| cvkB GKwU KjR
cwZwZ nqwQj vbxq GK ewi D`vM hv eZgvb cwiZ Aevq AvQ|

BDwbqb/cimfv
Dcv`x Di

365

gvU RbmsLv
23,917

cyil
10,626

366

gwnjv
13,296

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi,
gZje `wY

GjvKv

(AvqZb GKi)

gvU cwievi

gvU RbmsLv

Di Dcv`x BDwbqb

4065

5312

23917

AvPjwQjv

298

1404

enix (AvswkK)

1286

5853

enix

1030

4623

jRvKvw`

256

1230

`jw`qv

66

314

`wjqvIiv

76

362

wWvfvv

1044

4741

bIMvu (AvswkK)

1157

5270

bIMvu

1067

4797

cvuPwKcvov

90

473

Dcv`x

1385

5973

we`vjq, ci KvQvKvwQ mgq enixZ(1926 mvji w`K), wWvfvvZ &I


Dcv`xZ cv_wgK we`vjq vwcZ nq (1939)| enix gv`vmv cvBgvix zj mn
mshy wQjv ci nvBzj nq (1926)
wgK

cwZvKvj

bIMuvI evwjKv m.cv.we.

1914

jRvKvw` mi.cv_.we`v.

1968

enix mi.cv_.we`v.

1926

AvuPjwQjv mi.cv_.we`v.

1920

bIMuvI mi.cv_.we`v.

1910

wWvfvv mi.cv_.we`v.

1910

Dcv`x mi.cv_.we`v.

1945

ga bIMuvI mi.cv_.we`v.

1922

Dcv`x wk g. m.cv.we`v.

1972

Di enix mi: cv: we:

1977

Di wWvfvv mi: cv: we:

1987
1991

12.

Di bIMuvI knx` wRqv wZ


mi: cv: we:

13.

bqvKvw` knx` wRqvDi ingvb

1991

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.

wkv cwZvb
miKvwi cv_wgK we`vjq- 12wU, iwRvW cv_wgK we`vjq- 6wU, DP we`vjq03wU, `vwLj gv`vmv- 2wU, nvwdwRqv gv`vmv-6wU, b~ivbx gv`vmv- 7wU, GwZgLvbv9wU, wKviMvUb- 7wU| c_g zj bIMvu gRyg`vi evwo miKvwi cv_wgK
367

cv_wgK we`vjq

368

ge

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi,
gZje `wY

gmwR`-71wU, gw`i-8wU, C`Mvn-21wU, gvRvi-2wU, MYKeivb-2wU, KwgDwbwU


wKwbK-2wU, wewUk Avgj Dcv`xZ 2wU ge wQjv| wWvfvv cvUvqvix evwoi
myjZvb Dwb cvUvqvix Rwg`vii gmwR`wU cyivbv, jR Kvw`i Ry^v evwoi
gmwR` 200 eQii cyivbv Ges wWvfvv Lvb evwoi gmwR` 200 eQii
cyivbv ej `vex Kiv nq|

mi: cv: we:


cwg AvPjwQjv knx` wRqv
mi: cv: we:

1991

14.

Di AvPjwQjv knx` wRqvDi


ingvb mi: cv: we:

1991

15.

bs
01

gvawgK we`vjq
enix DP we`vjq

cwZvi mb
1926

cwZvZvi bvg
1| KvwRgywb KvRx,
2| gvnv` Avgxi KvRx,
3| Avn` KvRx

02

AvPjwQjv DP we`vjq 1969

gjfx gvt Kwdj Dwb


Avn`

03

bIMvuI DP we`vjq

gvt KvBqyg Lvb

t bs
01

1981

gv`vmv

cwZvi mb

cwZvZvi bvg

bIMuvI ivkw`qv dvwRj


gv`vmv

1922

AvBb Dwb nvRx, Iqvjx


Djvn Av&wgb|

agxq cwZvb
369

HwZnvwmK/cZZvwK wb`kbmg~n : bIMvui gRyg`vi evwo 400 eQii c~ivbv,


Dcv`x Mvg `yBwU cyivY gV iqQ, Wy VvKzii gV wPZv Lvjv iqQ, enix
Avos evRvii BDwbqb cwil`i cyKzi cvoi Mve MvQwU 200 eQii cyivbv,
iweDj-vi w`wN (8 GKi G cyKziwU f~Z KUQ gg RbkwZ AvQ), KvwjPiY
KgKvii evwoi gw`i (110 eQii cyibv)|
b`x/Lvj/w`Nx : iweDj-vi w`Nx, `vqvevoxi w`wN (Dcv`x), RgRBgv Lvj(gZje
_K Dcv`x), AvwZK Lvj (Dcv`x)|
gvRvi/`iMvn/cxi/ mvaK : bIMvui j`y dwKi, nvwg` Avjx, B&qviAvjx (jvsUv
evevi wkl) gvRvi|
gywhyi vb I NUbvmg~n : 2bs Kv- bIMvu ci enixi Rwjj KvRxi evwo
Kvi bZZ wQjb K Gg mvq`yi ingvb iZb|
wewk ewZ :
g
(RZvbymvi
bq)

bvg I Mvg

c`ex

mvjgv Rvdwib wjwc, Dcv`x

hyM-mwPe, MYcRvZx
evsjv`k miKvi

Wt jvKgvb nvmb, wWsMvfvsMv

DcmwPe, MYcRvZx

370

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi,
gZje `wY

evsjv`k miKvi

17

gvt knx`yj-vn, wWvfvv

nvmg gvvi, wWvfvv

wkK, ivRbxwZwe`

18

Avjx AvKei gvvi, wWvfvv

cv_wgK
wkK,
nwk KvwiMi wQjb

gv: Aveyj
wWvfvv

19

gvngy` ivRv gvvi, bIMvuv

Avyj nvwg` gvvi, wWvfvv

`Iqvb Avjx, Dcv`x

Avyj jZxd, Dcv`x

Kvjvg

mgvRmev
AvRv` Gm&G &I

wkK

cwmWU,
eni Dcv`x

20

gvt KvBqyg, bIMvuv

zj cwZvZv mveK
BDwc Pqvigvb

AwZwi gyL
cKkjx, XvKv eZvi

21

wmivRyj nK gRyg`vi, bIMvuv

mgvRmeK

gv:wmivRyj nK cavb. Dcv`x

wkcwZ

22

Aveyj evkvi, bIMvuv

eZvi cKkjx

ev`kv wgqv. Dcv`x

DaZb evsK KgKZv

23

IqvwjDjvn Avwgb bIMvuv

mgvRmeK

10

mvgv` wgqv, Dcv`x

EaZb evsK KgKZv

24

gwbi nvmb eKvDj, wWvfvv

wmwbqi mnKvix mwPe


(BDGbI dbx)

11

gvnv` wmivRyj Bmjvg, Dcv`x

cwiPvjK Kwl wefvM


25

wmwKzi ingvb, bIMvu

Aemicv DcmwPe

12

Avng` Djv eKvDj, Dcv`x

cwmWU, wewUk Avgj

26

cKkjx gwbi nvmb cvVvb, wbevnx cKkjx, mIR


bIMuv

27

Avyj Rwjj KvwR, enix

AvjxMoi
gWwj

28

Wvt gbmyi Avng`, enix

Wvvi

13

Avyj ivvK , Dcv`x

evsK KgKZv

14

AavcK bvivqb Pex, Dcv`x

KjR Dcva

15

gvneyeyi ingvb ev`j, Dcv`x

gRi

16

Imgvb Mwb, wWvfvv

wkvwe`

371

372

Mv

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi,
gZje `wY

29

KvRx kvn gvnv` nvRx, enix

wkvwe`,

wgK bs

`vbexi, ivRbxwZwe`
30

Wvt GK Gg BDbym, Dcv`x

Wvvi

31

mvgmyj nK ivRv

wcZv- Avyj Kv`i


gvvi (8 fvB GgG
cvk)

32

33

34
35

gvnv` kvn Avjg eKvDj

mwjbv, Dcv`x

KvhKvj

01

gv: dRjyj nK gRyg`vi

25-02-1973 _K 20-02-1975

02

Wv: gv: BDbym Lvb

21-02-1975 _K 27-02-1984

03

gv: Aveyj nvmg gvvi

28-02-1984 _K 31-12-1987

05

gv: KvBqyg Lvb

01-01-1988 _K 12-12-1992

06

gv: Kwei nvmb Lvb

13-12-1992 _K 30-03-1997

07

gv: wjqvKZ nvmb

01-04-1997 _K 31-03-2003

08

gv: jyZdzi ingvb gvvi

01-04-2003 _K 30-07-2011

09

gv: bvwRg Dwb

31-07-2011 _K 02-07-13

10

gv: knx`yj-vn

10-2013 _K

wmwbqi GGmwc

KYj
wmGgGBP)

Wvvi mv`Kv, Dcv`x

bvg

(Wvvi

Wvvi, XvKv gwWKvj

36

gbmyi Avng` miKvi,

hyM

37

wmwKzi ingvb, AvPjwQjv

ivRbxwZwe` I wkK

(m~ : vbxq MYgvb eweMi mv_ Z_ msMn KwgwUi gZ wewbgq mfv,


BDwbqb cwil` Kvhvjq)

Abvb : KovB mvBRi eo Zvji wcVv GLvbKvi ewZgx Lvevi| RqK


wkji `j hvvMvb, cvjvMvb KiZb| gvt Avyj nvwg` cavwbqv jvwVLjvq
Avi cyuw_cvV wmn wQjb|

BDwbqb cwil`i Pqvigb`i ZvwjKv


373

374

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi,
gZje `wY

Dcv`x Dii iweDj-vi w`Nx (f~Z KvUv w`Nx)

Dcv`x Dii375
cyiYv gV

376

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi,
gZje `wY

Dcv`x `wY BDwbqb

BDwbqb

fMwjK : Di Dcv`x Di I gZje cimfv, c~e nvRxM DcRjv,


`wY Pvu`cyi m`i DcRjv, cwg Pvu`cyi m`i DcRjv &I gZje cimfv|

evKiv

989

4790

`wY Mvwe`cyi

223

969

ajvBZjx

360

1819

Nvovavix

936

4443

MvmvBcyi

190

895

1029

5067

KvUvive`

181

904

wcsov

766

3478

kxcyi

22

119

Kie`

BDwbqb/cimfv

gvU RbmsLv

cyil

gwnjv

Dcv`x `wY

22,484

10,096

12,388

GjvKv
`wY Dcv`x

(AvqZb GKi)

gvU cwievi

3715

4696
377

gvU RbmsLv
22484

bvgKiY : Dcv`x BDwbqbK fvM Ki Dcv`x Di I `wY bvg `yywU BDwbqb


Kiv nq| Dcv`x `wY Dcv`x bvg Kvb Mvg bB| AbKB Nvov cvjZv ej
Nvovi gvwjK ev Nvovavix _KB Nvovavix bvgi Drcw| Mvwe` miKvi h
GjvKvq evm KiZb m GjvKvi bvg Mvwe` eveyi bvg Mvwe`cyi Mvgi
bvgKiY| MvmvB bvgK evwi bvg MvmvBcyi Mvgi bvg nq| RbMY KZK
Rwg`viK Ki `qv ea ivLv nq ej Kie Mvgi bvgKiY nq| wewUk Avgj
vbxqiv KvU Kiv e iLwQjb ej bvg nqQ KvUvive| AvKv-evuKv
_KB bvg nq evuKiv Mvgi|
wcsovi Rwg`vi wQjb Xvjx cwievi| Xvjx`i AbK m` wQjv| Xvj ev
Zjvqvi _K Xvjx Dcvax| Kvwgbx Xvjx wcsov GjvKvi AbK Rwgi gvwjK
378

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi,
gZje `wY

wQjv| wcsov evRvii c_g bvg wQjv Kivwbi evRvi| evKivi mbevwoZ
mb`i Rwg`vwi wQjv|

9.

Mvg : gvU 9wU| Nvovavix, wcsov, Mvwe`cyi, evKov , MvlvBcyi, ajvBZjx,


kxcyi, Kie` I KvUvive|

10.

wkv cwZvb

11.

12wU cv_wgK we`vjq, 4wU gv`vmv I GwZgLvbv, 40 wU gmwR`, 16wU C`Mvn,


5wU GwZgLvbv, 20wU dviKvwbqv gv`vmv, 16wU gw`i iqQ G BDwbqb| c_g
cv_wgK we`vjq wcsov miKvwi cv_wgK we`vjq I Kie miKvwi cv_wgK
we`vjq, c_g gv`vmv Kie nvdwRqv gv`vmv I Nvovavix gv`vmv, c_g nvB
zj- wcsov nvBzj (eZgvb nRiZ kvnRvjvj DP we`vjq),
t bs

we`vjqi bvg

cwZvi mvj

1.

`.Nvovavix mi.cv.we`v.

1973

2.

c~e ajvBZjx m.cv.we`v.

1962

3.

c~e evKiv mi.cv_.we`v.

1958

4.

ajvBZjx mi.cv_.we`v.

1937

5.

Nvovavix mi.cv_.we`v.

1909

6.

wcsov mi.cv_.we`v.

1933

7.

evKiv mi.cv_.we`v.

1914

8.

Kie` mi.cv_.we`v.

1939

379

ge

Di evKiv knx` wRqv wZ


mi: cv: we:

1991

KvUive` mi: cv: we:

1972

Mvwe`cyi mi: cv: we:

1985

ga evKiv knx` wRqvDi ingvb


mi: cv: we:

1991

12.

13.

ga wcsov miKvix cv_wgK


we`vjq

14.

ga wcsov miKvix cv_wgK


we`vjq

bs

gvawgK we`vjq

cwZvi mb

cwZvZvi bvg

15

nhiZ kvnRvjvj DP we`vjq

1970

GjvKvevmx

16

ajvBZjx RbZv DP we`vjq

1985

Rbve Avyj
Mwb eKvDj

t bs
01

gv`vmv
`t Kie` Avj
Avwgb `vwLj gv`vmv

1971

cwZvi mb

cwZvZvi bvg

1994

1| gwReyi ingvb gRyg`vi


2| Avt gwZb gvjv,

380

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi,
gZje `wY

3| wmivRyj Bmjvg,
4| Rqbvj Ave`xb,
5| gKeyj nvmb ecvix
02

03

c~e ajvBZjx G R
AvB wW gv`vmv

Nvovavix Bmjvwgqv
`vwLj gv`vmv

1984

1| Ave`yj Rwjj ecvix

wewk ewZ :
g,
(RZvbymvi
bq)

bvg I Mvg

01

Avevm Avjx gvj-v, wcsov

3| gvIt gvt Rqbvj


Avew`b

02

Rwgi Dxb
Mvwe`cyi

gvt wgRvbyi ingvb


ZvjyK`vi

03

BqvKze cvUvqvix, Kie

2| gvIt dwi` Dwb


RyjwdKvi

1988

w`Nx/Lvj/b`x : ib Lvj, ePvZjxi Lvj, Nvovavix Lvj, Kie` Lvj, Kie`


jyUiv w`Nx |

c`ex

Aemicv
MYcRvZx
miKvi|

hyMmwPe,
evsjv`k

cvUvqvix, gnvcwiPvjK,
Kwgkb

AvbweK

hyM mwPe, MYcRvZx


evsjv`k miKvi|

cKkjx Kc` Xvjx, wcsov Pxd Bwwbqvi, kxc


04

gmwR` : evuKiv gmwR`, KvbvBevwo(150 eQii cyivYv, GLbv eZgvb),


Kie` wgwR evox gmwR` (150 GLbv eZgvb), c~e evKiv cavwbqv evwoi
gmwR`(150 eQii cyivYv)

gig Avyi ie wbkZvi, ZveavqK cKkjx


evuKov

05

kvgmyj nK Ryi, wcsov

cxi/mvaK/gvRvi/`iMvn : gig RgxiDwb gyx whwb Nvovq Po &IqvR


KiZb I Avwgb nvdR mvne AvavwZK gZvmb wQjb|

gv`vmv, gmwR` GwZgLvbv


vcb KiQb

06

wgRvbyi ingvb, wcsov

DcmwPe

07

eby Xvjx, wcsov

cywjk mycvi

08

ij Avwgb, wcsov

cywjk mycvi

09

Avwbmyi ingvb, Nvovavix

Uv KgKZv

gw`i : Xvjx evwoi gw`i (100 eQii cyivYv), evKiv gw`i 200 eQii
cyivYv K Wvvii evwo|
HwZnvwmK/cZZvwK wb`kbmg~n : KvUvie cyibv eUMvQ iqQ hLvb
kxZjc~Rv nq| c~e evKivq GKwU 200 eQii eUMvQ iqQ hLvb c~Rv nq|
NvovavixZ 200 eQii GKwU ZuZzj MvQ iqQ|
381

382

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi,
gZje `wY

10

`jvqvi nvmb, Nvovavix

miKvix EaZb KgKZv

22

KYj w``vi, Kie

KYj

11

wmwKzi ingvb, Mvwe`cyi

bcwienb gYvjq,
AbKKB PvKzix w`qQb|

23

Avyi ie, Kie

cvb Pqvigvb, gv`vmv


cwZvZv

12

ewkiDwb
Mvwe`cyi

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gig ewkiDwb
KvUvive

13

gvRvj nK cvUvqvix, wcGwUwm cwkK


Mvwe`cyi

14

gig dRi Avjx gvvi, BDwbqb cwil` RvqMv


evuKov
`vb, gvvi evRvi Zvui
bvg

15

wgTv ivRv cvUvqvix, evuKov

cwmWU, Dcv`x BDwc

16

mvjvgZ Lvb, evKuov

cwmWU, &Dcv`x BDwc

17

Aveyj evkvi
MvmvBcyi

cvUvqvix, hye Dbqb cwiPjK

18

Avjx Avkvd
ajvBZjx

cvUvqvix, DcRjv Pqvgvb c_g

19

dRjyj
ajvBZjx

20

wR`v MvRx `iek, ajvBZjx mgvRmeK

21

gybmyi Avjx gvvi, Kie

cvUqvix, wkvbyivMx

nK

eKvDj, cwiPvjK
Kcvikb

RyU

cwZ, mgvRKgx

(m~ : vbxq MYgvb eweMi mv_ Z_ msMn KwgwUi gZ wewbgq mfv,


BDwbqb cwil` Kvhvjq)

wgj
BDwbqb cwil`i Pqvigb`i ZvwjKv|

383

we wkK

wgK
bs

bvg

KvhKvj

384

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi,
gZje `wY

01

gv: Avwgb Zcv`vi

--

02

`e` Wvvi (fvicv)

--

03

Gev`Djvn gyx (fvicv)

--

04

mjvgZ Lvb

--

05

ewkiDxb cvUvqvix

--

06

gv: Avyj AvDqvj Zcv`vi

1-3-1973 _K 28-2-1977

07

Zdmxij Avnmvb mwjg

1-3-1977 _K 31-12-1983

08

Avjx Avkvd cvUvqvix

1-1-1983 _K 31-05-1985

09

kvgmyj nK gav

1-6-1985 _K 31-12-1987

10

Zdmxij Avnmvb mwjg

1-1-1988 _K16-11-1992

11

Avyi ie gyx

17-1-1992 _K 11-12-1998

12

Zdmxij Avnmvb mwjg

11-2-1998 _K 31-3-2003

13

bvqve Lvb

1-4-2003 _K 31-7-2011

14

Avjx Avkvd cvUvqvix

31-7-2011 _K eZgvb

Abvb : MvmvBcyii Abxj kxj hvv`ji gvag RbwcqZv ARb KiwQjb|


385

386

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi,
gZje `wY

nb| H ermi XvKv KjR AvB.Gm.wm fwZ nb| cixvi wd msMni Rb wZwb
gig IqvjxDj-vn cvUvqvixi kiYvcb nb| wZwb ZuvK wbq evRvi wMq wKQz
A_ msMn Ki w`q ejb cixv `vI| wVK cixv Avi nIqvi gv 12/14
w`b Gi gv_vq UvKv Rgv w`q GBP.Gm.wm `b Ges 9 b^ii Rb 1g wefvM
cvIqv _K ewZ nq wZxq wefvM cq cvk Kib| XvKv wekwe`vjqi
c`v_ wevb wefvM we.Gm.wm (mvb) 1957 wLv Ges 1964 wLv
Gg.Gm.wm cixvq DxY nb| PvKzixi Rb cvwKvb AvbweK kw Kwgkb
`iLv Kib| 1965 wLv Kj^v cvb ew wbq wkv jvfi Rb
Awjqvq Kvbeivi w` Awjqv bvkbvj BDwbfvwmwUZ wkv jvf KiZ
hvb| wZwb P.hd wWMxi w_wmm wekwe`vjq G c`v_ wevb wefvMi cavb H.M
Sen Gupta Gi Zveavb 1957 wLv D w_wmm Gi P.hd wWMx jvf Kib|
cieZxZ wZwb 1985 wLv njv, Rvgvwb, Bsjv, WbgvK, myBWb ,
BivK, cvwKvb cwi`kb I mwgbvi AskMnY Kib| wZwb Rvnvxi bMi
wekwe`vjqi c`v_wevb wefvMi mnKvix AavcK I wefvMi mfvcwZi
`vwqZ cvjb Kib cieZxZ wevb I chyw& gYvjqi GKwU MelYv cKi
cwiPvjKi `vwqZ cvjb Kib| Aemi MnYi ci wZwb Gwkqv cvmwdK
BDwbfvwmwUZ Aavcbv Kib| (m~- kZvwi k wkK ewn 1)
dvBU jd&UbU G, we wmwK (Aet)

mg Aavq : wewk ewZ`i Rxebx


(RZvbymvi bq, bvgi Av`vii gvbymvi)

Wt Avyj AvDqvj
Wt Avyj AvDqvj Dcvw` (D:) BDwbqbi bIMuv Mvg RbMnY Kib| gZje
yj fwZ nIqvi Rb Z`vwbb cavb wkK cqvZ gvt IqvjxDj-vn cvUvqvix
mvnei mv_ `Lv Kib| cvUvqvix mvne ZvK 4/5 wU evK BsiRxZ
ejZ ejwQjb| wZwb mv_ mv_B Di w`Z mg nqwQjb| wZwb ZvK
fwZ Kivi AbygwZ w`qwQjb| 1955 mvj gwUK cixvq 1g wefvM DxY
387

msw Rxeb ev

ivwevb I A_bxwZZ wWmwUskb gvK mn BwZnvm XvKv wekwe`vjq


nZ Abvm | wgt wRbvn Dy Kej DyB cvwKvbi iv fvlv ne
NvlYv w`j h me Qv Zvi cwZev` Ki Zv`i ga AbZg| 1948
mvj XvKv wekwe`vjqi Z`vwbb DcvPvh Wt Gg nvmbi cavb
AwZw_ wnme DcwwZZ Z`vbxb c~e cvwKvbi cavb wkK`i
mjb DyK ivfvlv wnmve wmv MnYi cPvK KVvi
cwZev` iwnZKiY| 1951Bs mvj Puv`cyi wgjv`-Db-bex Dcj
mjbi cavb AwZw_ gig Kwe Mvjvg gvdv Aviex, Dy,
dvimx fvlvi ej Afyw viv evsjv fvlvK mg (!) Kivi cv e
388

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi,
gZje `wY

Kij Zvi Rvi cwZev` Ges Zvi mg_K`i `wnK AvgY _K


Kvb cKvi iv cvb|
wkKZv wbq wKQzw`b _vKjI ci 1951 mvj KvWU wnme
ivRKxq cvwKvb wegvb evwnbxZ hvM`vbi ci 1952 mvj Kwgkb
cv nb| wegvb evwnbxZ wbR (Puv`cyi) GjvKvq cvq GK nvRvi
hyeKi wbqvM `vb|
1964 Bs mvj ^Qvq wegvb evwnbx _K Aemi wbq NvwlZ evvjxi
^v_ mwKZ mKj Av`vjb-KgKv hvM`vb| 1970 mvj
evsjv`k AvIqvgx jxMi eng gZje kvLvq mfvcwZ Ges Puv`cyi
gnKzgv (eZgvb Rjv) AvIqvgx jxMi mn-mfvcwZ c` wbevwPZ|
1979 mvj ch `vwqZ cvjb| 1970 Bs mvj cv`wkK cwil`
(cieZxZ MY cwil`) Gi m`m wbevwPZ| ^vaxbZvi msMvg i nj
Puv`cyi gnKzgvi (eZgvb Rjv) c_g I cavb msMVK wnmve
gywevwnbxi `vwqZ MnY| 1979 Bs mvj AvIqvgx jxM (wgRvb) nZ
msm` m`m wbevwPZ|
msMvgi mgq cvK evwnbx KZK asmZc cwiYZ gZje wWMx
KjR, gZjeM DP we`vjq jvK c~Yv`g KvR KiYi eev
MnY| GjvKvq `yBwU KjR, KqKwU DP we`vjq Ges Aa kZvwaK
cvBgvix we`vjq vcb | 35 eQi hver gZje wWMx KjR Mfwbs
ewWi mfvcwZ I m`m| eiw`qv miKvwi cv_wgK we`vjqi cwZvZv
mfvcwZ| gZje wekweLvZ AvRvwZK D`ivgq MelYv K`
vcb Ges cmviY mwq Ges AMYx mnhvwMZv| evsjv`k AvIqvgx
jxM gZje _vbv kvLv I Puv`cyi Rjv kvLvi Dc`v gjxi m`m,
gZje `wY gywhvv Kgv Ges KjvY mwgwZi cavb Dc`v|
gZjeM R.we DP we`vjqi cvb Qv mwgwZi Dc`v|
Rxeb `kb, mr-mij Ges meii RbMYi mv_ wbweo mK iL
Rxeb hvcb|
AvKvv : eez NvwlZ evvjxi mvweK gyw AejvKb| 2012
mvj wZwb XvKv wm. Gg. GBP. G gZzeiY Kib|
gig Avyj gwZb cvUvqvix

Zvui evev wQjb AvjnvR gwdR Dwb cvUvqvix| AavcK nvRx GwU.Gg Avyj
gwZb 1925 mvj eZgvb Puv`cyi Rjvi gZje _vbvi Avwkbcyi Mvgi GK
389

mv gymwjg cwievi RbMnY Kib| wZwb gZjeM R.we. DP we`vjq 7g


nZ `kg kYx ch Qvvevm _K jLvcov Kib| Zuvi wcZv gig AvjnvR
gwdR Dwb cvUvqvix Z`vwbb me fviZxq gymwjg jxMi AbZg m`m
wQjb| Zuvi PvPv gig kvn` Avjx mveK c~e cvwKvb AvBb cwil`i WcywU
xKvi wQjb| Avyj gwZb 1949 mvj wekLvZ AvjxMo wekwe`vjq _K
A_bxwZZ dv Kvm dv nIqvq wekwe`vjq _K ^Yc
`K jvf Kib| wZwb
1952 mb dzj evBU ew wbq AvgwiKvi wbDBqK _K AvRv wZK
A_bxwZZ Gg.Gm wWMx I 1953 mb jb zj Ae BKvbvwg _K
A_bxwZZ wWcvgv jvf Kib| cieZxZ ZrKvjxb cvwKvb RvZxq cwil`
WcyywU xKvi wQjb| wZwb e ermi dvwjb cvewjKk Gi cwiPvjK
wQjb|
gig G. K. Gg. dqR
G. K. Gg dqR gZje DcRjvi AvPjwQjv Mvg Avn` Dj-vn miKvii
Ni RbMnY Kib| wZwb enix gv`vmv _K evjwkv wbq gwUK `b
Kywgj-v Rjv zj _K| Gici Kzwgj-v wfvwiqv KjR _K AvB.G cvk
Ki we.G I Gg.G cvk Kib XvKvq| wZwb Gj.Gj.we cvk KiwQjb Ges
mwjgyj-vn gymwjg nji Qv wQjb| wewmGm G DxY nIqvi ci wZwb nweMi
Gm.wW.I wQjb| ci ZrKvjxb RvZxq cwil`i xKvi gig ZwgR Dwb
Lvb ZuvK RvZxq cwil`i RqU mUvix Ki wbq Avmb | ZwgR Dwb
Lvb mvne ZuvK Lye n KiZb| gig GK. Gg. dqR Lye kv I AgvwqK
jvK wQjb| Zuviv Pvi fvB I GK evb| eo fvB gig Kwdj Dwb gvvi|
wZwb AvPjwQjv DP we`vjqi cwZvZv| (m~- kZvxi k wkK ewn 2)

gig Gg G Kwig
Gg G Kwig 1935 mvj gZje `wY DcRjvi K`gZjx Mvg RbMnY
Kib| Zuvi wcZv Ave`yi ingvb gvj-v Ges gvZv AvjnvR Lv`Rv LvZzb| wZwb
390

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi,
gZje `wY

mwLbv DP we`vjq, beyiKvw`, cwg dZcyi, gZje nZ gvwUK cvm Kib|


wZwb wWcvgv-Bb-BjKwUKvj Bwwbqvwis wWwMI ARb Kib|
Kg Rxeb Gg G Kwig 1955 mvj XvKvi nvwZicyj eqjvi cvIqvi nvDR
Bwwbqvi wnme PvKzwi i Kib| 1957 mvj BjKwUKvj Bwwbqvi wnme
gwngvM myMvi wgj hvM `b| Gici Gg G Kwig 1959 mvj eemv i
Kib| BUvibvkbvj Bwwbqvm wjwgUW bvg GKwU cwZvb Mo Zvjb|
cwZvbwU g~jZ wjweqvi mv_ KvR KiZ| cwZvbwU BjKwUKvj Ifvi nW
Uvwgkb jvBb, mvekb, cvIqvi kb Installation and commissioning
KvR Ki|

Puv`cyi KjR nZ AvB.G Ges mwjgDj-vn gymwjg nji Qv wnme XvKv


wekwe`vjq nZ Bmjvgi BwZnvm we.G (Abvm) 1960 mb Ges 1961 mb
Gg.G cvk Kib|

cdmi Gg. G nvwjg miKvi

Abvm Ges Gg.G cixvi dj cKvki c~e ch- wKQzKvj gyxinvU nvBzji
cavb wkK I KwgwUi mfvcwZi Abyiva m zj wkKZv Kib| Gg.G
cixvi dj cKvki ci wgRvcyi nvBzj, nvUnvRvix, PMvg cavb wkK
wnme PvKzix Kib (1962 mb)| wZwb we.wm.Gm (wkv) KvWvii KgKZv
wnme 1963-1983 mb ch ewikvj Rjvi fvjv KjR AavcK wnmve;
1984-1989 mb ch wkv gYvjqi Aaxb cwi`kb I wbixv Awa`i
wkv cwi`kK wnmve; 1989-1991 ch evsjv`k gv`vmv wkvevW
(clY) Dc-iwRvi (ckvmb) wnmve, 1991-1992 ch bexbMi miKvwi
KjR AavcK wnme, 1992-1994 ch evsjv`k gv`vmv wkv evW
(clY) iwRvi wnme KvR KiQb| fvicv Pqvigvb wnme, g 94
_K RyjvB94 miKvwi wmwU KjR, PMvg wefvMxq cavb wnme 19941997 Gwcj ch, RvZxq wkvg I cvVcyK evW mv`K wnmve, I
miKvwi we.Gg wekwe`vjq KjR wefvMxq cavb wnmve `vwqZ cvjb Kib |
1997 mvji 30 wWm^i miKvwi PvKzix nZ Aemi MnY Kib| wZwb
evsjv`k gv`vmv wkvevW (clY) WcywU iwRvi Ges fvicv Pqvigvb
wnmve `vwqZ cvjb Kvj `ki me wekl Ki gZje DcRjvi e `vwLj
gv`vmvK Avwjg Ges Avwjg gv`vmvK dvwRj ch DbxZ Kib| wZwb gZje
DcRjv m`i gv`vmvwU Avwjg _K dvwRj ch DbxZ Ki mLvb cixv
K` c`vb Kib| ZuviB cPvq nvRxM dvwRj gv`vmvwU Kvwgj ch DbxZ
nq| wZwb wbR evwo msjM cwZwZ Lvik` Aviv cv_wgK we`vjqwU (miKvwi
Aby`vb cv) Ges wbR GjvKvi gywinvU KjRi cwZvZv mUvix| eZgvb
wZwb IB KjRi cwiPvjbv cwil`i m`m|

Rb 31k wWm^i, 1940 Puv`cyi Rjvi gZje DcRjvi `xNj`x Mvg|


eZgvb wcwcvj, K`gimyj KjR, e`i, bvivqYM| evev 9bs gZje
BDwbqbi cwmWU wQjb| 1955 mb gZje zj _K gvwUK, 1957 mvj

Gqvi fvBm gvkvj (Ae:) Gg iwdKzj Bmjvg Gb wW BD wc Gm wm

Gg G Kwig mvgvwRK KgKv wbRK wbqvwRZ iLwQjb| 1967 mvj wbR


LiP Puv`cyi _K gZje we`yr mshvM jvBb vcb Kib| wZwb gZje wWwM
KjR Ges gZjeM R.we. cvBjU DP we`vjqi `vZv m`m wQjb| wZwb
RbKjvYv_ I `~i-`~iv _K Avmv jvKRbi Rb gZje KjvY cwil`
(1970) vcb Kib| wZwb gZje evRvi BRviv wbq mKj LvRbv gIKzd Ki
`b| 1970 mvji fqven ebvq wZM RbMYi ga j hvM Awef
gZje DcRjvi 22 wU BDwbqb cwZwU Mvg Mvg Amnvq gvbyli gvS bM`
A_, Pvj-Wvj mn vY mvgMx weZiY Kib| GQvovI wZwb wewfb gmwR`gv`vmv-GwZgLvbv, Keivb wbgvY Kib| Gi ga divRxKvw` GwZgLvbv
Dj-LhvM| (m~: gNbvi cvo; Puv`cyi Rvbvwj dvivgi c_g cwZv
evwlKx-2006 G YxRb mvbbv Dcj cKvwkZ; cKvkKvj 31 RyjvB
2006 Ges jLvwU msKwjZ)

391

392

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi,
gZje `wY

Gqvi fvBm gvkvj (Ae:) Gg iwdKzj Bmjvg 1952 mvj gZje


DcRjvi evBkcyi Mvg `Iqvb evwoi GK mv gymwjg cwievi
Rb MnY Kib| evevi PvKzwij cvwKvbB Zvi covbv i nq|
QvUejv _KB wZwb gavex Qv wQjb| 1963 mvj
cwZhvwMZvg~jK cixvq DxY nq cvwKvb wegvb evwnbx cvewjK
zj,mviMv`vq covbv Kib Ges 67 mvj c_g wefvM wmwbqi
Kw^R cixvq DxY nb| cii eQi wZwb wegvb evwnbxZ hvM `b
Ges 13B gvP 1971 mvj cvBjU Awdmvi wnmve Kwgkb cv nb|
GKB eQi wZwb ckvqvi wekwe`vjq _K weGmwm (GBAviI)
cixvq c_g nb Ges 2005 mvj RvZxq wekwe`vjq _K gvvm
wWMx jvf Kib| KivwPZ Uwbs Aevq gywhy i nq Ges
^vaxbZvi ci IqvKm Kv G AvUK ivLv nq| 72 mb cvwjq
evsjv`k wegvb evwnbxZ hvM `b| GKB eQi wZwb ivwkqvq
DPZi cwkY MnY Kib| wZwb cwienb wegvbi Kvb wQjb
Ges wewfb mgq GKvwaKevi vqvWb I DBs AwabvqK, cwiPvjK,
NuvwU AwabvqK I GKvWgxi KgKvi `vwqZ cvjb Kib| 1983
mvj wWd mvwfm Kgv G vd KjR _K vd Kvm c_g
vb AwaKvi Kib Ges Pxb _K bvkbvj wWd Kvm KwZZi
mwnZ mb Kib| cvwKvb, AvgwiKv I Zzi _KI ckvMZ
Kvm mb Kib Ges `yB eQi vd KjR cwkK wQjb|

1989 mvj c_g NuvwU AwabvqKi `vwqZcv nb Ges wewfb iZ


c` AwawZ wQjb| 1994-97 ch evsjv`k `~Zvevm,
gvjqwkqvi mvgwiK Dc`v Ges 1997-2000 ch evsjv`k
wegvbi eevcbv cwiPvjK wQjb| 2001 mvj wZwb evsjv`k wegvb
evwnbxi cavb wnmve wbhy nb| wZwb KqK aibi wegvb cwiPvjbvq
cvi`kx Ges cuvP nvRviiI ekx NUv DqY KiQb| wZwb wewfb
`~hvMi mgq vYKvh cwiPvjbv Kib| 2008 mvj wZwb AvIqvgx
jxMi cv_x wnme msm` m`m wbevwPZ nb|

wZwb Gwkqv, BDivc I AvgwiKvmn cw_exi wewfb `k gY KiQb


Ges evsjv`k wegvb I wegvb evwnbxi cwZwbwaZ Kib| Zvi x
eMg kvwnbv iwdK GKRb wkx I mgvR mweKv Ges wewfb mgvR
mev Kvhgi mv_ RwoZ| Rbve iwdK `yB mvbi RbK| Qj
kvqe web iwdK Awjqvq KwDUvi Bwwbqvwis Ges gq iwnbv
393

webZ iwdK jvwKvq AaqbiZ AvQb| wZwb wWd KjR


`xNw`b hver wkKZv KiQb| ZvQvov GgAvBGmwUi MfwYs ewWi
AbZg cwiPvjK|

m~ : iZMfv Pvu`cyi, mv`bvq : gvnv` mwdDj Avjg (wUUv)


cKvkKvj 1jv Avei, 2007|
Rbve Gg, G evix

1948 mbi 24 Rvbyqvix wbR Mvg wbjxZ RbMnY Kib| 1966 mb


gZjeM R,we DP we`vjq _K Gm,Gm,wm I 1968 mb gZje wWwM
KjR _K GBP,Gm,wm cixvq DxY nb| 1970 mb Kywgj-v wfvwiqv
KjR _K wWwM cixvq DxY nevi ci PMvg wekwe`vjq Gg,G
(wcwjwgbvix) Z DxY nq Gg,G (dvBbvj) cixvq fwZ nb| wK 1971
mvji gvSvgvwS eo fvB wkcwZ I mgvR`i`x Gg,G Kwig AvZZvqxi nvZ
gZzeiY Kij Gg,G Kwigi wk I eemv, cwZvbi `vwqZ Zuvi Dci AcY
nIqvq jLvcov e nq hvq| A`vewa wZwb wk vcb, Avg`vbx-ivbx eemv,
MvgUm eemv cwiPvjbv Ki AvmQb| wZwb Avi, K, RbKjvY Uvi
cwZvZv Ges GB Uvi gvag wewfb RbKjvY g~jK KvR KiQb| wekl
Ki wewfb vb gmwR`, gv`vmv I zj wbgvY Avw_K mvnvh mn `yt I
Amnvq`i gqi weq, KwVb ivMi wPwKrmv BZvw` mevg~jK KvR wbRK
m iLQb| wZwb gZje Rvg gmwR`, gv`vmv, ndRLvbv I Keivb
cwiPvjbv KwgwUi mfvcwZ| gZje R, we, DP we`vjq, Qv mwgwZ Ges
zj Uv dvi Dc`v, gZje wWwM KjRi `vZv m`m, gZjeM Mvjm
zj cwiPvjbv cl`i cvb mfvcwZ| RbKjvY I mvgvwRK mevg~jK KvRi
^xKwZ ^ic wZwb AbK mvbbv c`K cqQb| Gi ga gnvZv Mvx
dvDkbi MvwRx wcm GIqvW 2008, ki evsjv G, K, dRjyj nK
cwil`i ki evsjv 2008 c`K, ZviY gv`K weivax hye KjvY msMVbi
fvmvbx wZ cyivi AbZg| wZwb eemv evwYR Dcj e `k gb
KiQb|

394

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi,
gZje `wY

Gqvi KgWvi (Aet)G K Gg nvib Payix


Gqvi KgWvi G K Gg nvib Payix, Gb wW wm, wc Gm wm (Aet) 1953
mvji 31 k wWm^i gZje DcRjvi GK mv gymjgvb cwievi RbMnY
Kib| Zuvi wcZv gig Wvt Avyj AvwRR GKRb cw_Zhkv wPwKrmK wQjb|
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396

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399

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Rbve dRjyj nK
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KUvjvi Rbvij Ae GKvDUm, KUvjvi Rbvij Ae wWd dvBbv,
miKvii AwZwi mwPe wnme `vwqZ cvjb Kib| 1995 mvj 30k wWm^i
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400

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


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401

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`vwqZ wbqvwRZ wQjb| wZwb 1965 mvj cvwKvb wmwfj mvwfm hvM`vbi
ci miKvii AbK iZc~Y c` AwawZ wQjb| wZwb hkvii Rjv ckvmK
wnmeI KvR KiQb| wZwb `k we`k AbK mvbbv cqQb| wZwb
Chairman, Institute of Integrated Rural Development (IIRD)- NGO working on
poverty alleviation, Founding Member of Bangladesh Association for Community
Education (BACE)- a NGO working in the field of mass education, President

402

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


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of Bangladesh Economic Association (1987), Life Member of Bangladesh


Economic Association, Life member of Bangla Academy |

Zvui ek wKQz cvewjKkb iqQ| Dj-LhvM KqKwU njv-Local Government System of Bangladesh: Recent Trends. Muhiuddin
Khan Alamgir, 1990, Chr.Michelsen Institute, Bergen, Norway
-Recent Trends in Bangladesh Economy (Bengali). Muhiuddin Khan
Alamgir, Bangladesh Journal of Political Economy Vol. 9, No. 3, Dec 1989,
Bangladesh Economic Association, Dhaka
-Public Enterprises and the Financial System in Bangladesh. Muhiuddin
Khan Alamgir, Bangladesh Journal of Political Economy Vol. 8, No. 1,
June, 1988, Bangladesh Economic Association, Dhaka
-Industrial Evalution and Performance: South Asia and Bangladesh.
Muhiuddin Khan Alamgir Faizur Razzaque, Published in Strategies for
Industrial Development: Concept and Policy Issues Suh Jang-Won (ed),
Asian and Pacific Development Centre, Kualalampur, 1989

wbR Mvgi kxew` cv_wgK we`vjq _K cv_wgK cixvq DxY nq 1943


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mvgvwjqvq DaZb A_bwZK Dc`v wnme KvR Kib| 1988 mvj `k
wdi wZwb wewfb msv/ cK wewfb mgq civgkK wnme wbqvwRZ AvQb|
(m~- kZvxi k wkK ewn 02)

-Development Banks in Bangladesh: Problems and Policies for the Third


Five Year Plan. Muhiuddin Khan Alamgir, Bangladesh Journal of Political
Economy Vol. 7, No. 1a, 1985, Bangladesh Economic Association, Dhaka
-Land Reform in Bangladesh. Muhiuddin Khan Alamgir, Centre for Social
Studies, Dhaka University, 1981
-Towards Land Reform in Bangladesh. Muhiuddin Khan Alamgir, Journal
of Social Studies, Dhaka, January 1981
-Development Strategy for Bangladesh. Muhiuddin Khan Alamgir, Centre
for Social Studies, Dhaka University, 1980

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403

404

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi,
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1953 mvj ewikvj we.Gg KjR _K BUviwgwWqU (AvB.Gm.wmZ) mvB
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Kib| 1953 mb AvB.Gm.wm cvk Kivi ci XvKv gwWKvj KjR fwZ nb|
D KjR _K Gg.we.we.Gm wWwM jvf Kib| Gg.we.we.Gm cvk Kivi ci
GKB KjR nvmcvZvji Abvivix Rywbqi nvDR mvRb Ges ci wmwbqi nvDR
mvRbi `vwqZ cvjb Kib| wZwb 18 gvP 1960 mb mvevwnbxZ Awdmvi c`
hvM`vb Kib Ges ewkifvM mgq ZrKvjxb cwg cvwKvb KgiZ wQjb|
1971 mvj vd KjR KvqUv, cvwKvb _K mevP wWMx wc.Gm.wm jvf
Kib| 1973 mvj Avei gvm cvwKvb mvgwiK e`x Kv _K mcwievi
^-`k cZveZb Kib| gRi c` mvevwnwbZ hvM`vb Kib| 1992 mvj
ch Avgm dvm gwWKvj mvwfm wewfb kvLvq iZc~Y DP c` KgiZ
wQjb| 1992 mvj wZwb gRi Rbvij c` c`vbwZ jvf Ki Avgm
gwWKvj mvwfmi gnvcwiPvjK c`wU AjZ Kib Ges D c` _K wZwb
1996 mvj Aemi MvnY Kib|

wQjb| GQvovI wZwb gZje Dbqb dvivgi mfvcwZ| gZjeM R.we DP


we`vjqi cvb Qv mwgwZ XvKv Gi Dc`v Ges gZje w`kvix mwgwZi
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1935 wLvi 14 deqvix RbMnY Kib| Zuvi evev cqvZ Aveyj nvmb
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wLv gvwUK cixvq DxY nb| BsiRxZ vZK (mvb) Ges Gg.G
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wgt Avn` GK ermi AvBb welqI XvKv wekwe`vjq AaqY Kib|
wekwe`vjq weZK cwZhvwMZvq wZwb BsiRxZ 1g Ges evsjvq wZxq vb
ARY Kib 1957-1958 wLv| wZwb Ryb 1959 _K Gwcj 1961 wLv
ch c~e cvwKvb eZgvb dR`vi nvU KvWU KjR BsiRx welq c_g
evOvjx wnme PvKzix Kib Ges GK ermi Kvj eZgvb XvKv wevb KjR
fvicv Aa wQjb|

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wmvcyi, _vBjv, kxjv, fviZ Ges cvwKvbmn Aviv AbK `k mdi
Kib| wZwb BwZnvm co Ges `k gb Ki Aemi mgq KvUvZ cQ`
Kib|

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405

406

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407

Kib| ckvmb KvWvi hvM`vbi ci _K Rjv ckvmKi Kvhvjqi GbwWwm,


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(kLjv) wnme `vwqZ cvjb Kib| fzwg gYvjq c_g hyMmwPe Ges
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408

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi,
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vb AwaKvi Ki| PvKwiZ hvM`vbi ci wZwb ci ci ek Kevi fvicv
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wnme cwiMwYZ|
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DbqbB GKgv ^c| Ggb AvZZvM wKse`xK nvi gvbvq| Aemi Zvi Rxeb
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409

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MYcRvZx evsjv`k miKvii hyM mwPe I A_gYvjqi Aaxb RvZxq mq
cwi`ii cwiPvjK|
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wewk mvsevw`K ingvb Rvnvxi 1950 mvji 7B RyjvB wbR evox bvqiMuvI
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w` BwcU G evZv mv`K Ges cavb evZv mv`K wnme `vwqZ cvjb
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410

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi,
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cvwKvb gY Kib|

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W. ivg cmv` miKvi 1934 mvj evBkcyi Mvg RbMnY Kib| wZwb gZjeM
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wgwbU| Kx Avh! 20 wgwbUi ga Zvi iPbv kl| W. ivg cmv` 1949 mvj
U cixvi ci `k wefvMi Rb Rbvb cwiZvM KiZ eva nb| cavb
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cixvq c_g nZb| `k ZvM Ki I gvbwmK wechZv mI KwjKvZvq
wMq PZz_ vb AwaKvi Kib| wZwb MwYZ I AvenvIqvi Ici QqwU WiU
wWwM cv wQjb| fviZ AvenvIqv wefvM hvM`vb Ki mevP c` Director
General nb| mekl Gwkqv I ckv gnvmvMixq Metrological Department
Director General nb| hvi m`i `i wQj Rbfvq| 1989 mvj wZwb Zvi
wcq Rbf~wg I gZje nvBzj cwi`kb Avmb| ZuvK zji c _K wecyj
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Rbve gvt mwdKzj Bmjvg
Rbve gvt mwdKzj Bmjvg evsjv`k miKvii Aemicv mwPe| wZwb bvqiMuvI
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gqgybv LvZzb| Avwkbcyi nvB zj _K cv_wgK wkv MnYi ci XvKv wmkix
411

nvB zj fwZ nb Ges 1964 mvj KwZZi mv_ 1g wefvM Gm.Gm.wm cvm
Kib| bUiWg KjR _K GBP.Gm.wm Ges XvKv wekwe`vjq _K
c`v_we`vq we.Gm.wm Abvm I Gg.Gm.wm wWwM ARb Kib|
wkv Rxeb kl wKQzKvj evsjv`k Kwl Dbqb Kcvikb PvKzix Kivi ci
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AwZwi mwPe wnme PvKzix Ki weMZ 2007 mvj wZwb evsjv`k miKvii
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cwiPvjK wQjb|
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cvwKvb cfwZ `k miKvwi I ewMZ KvR gY Kib| eZgvb wZwb
Aemi Rxeb hvcb KiQb|
gig kvn` Avjx cvUvqvix
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I DP gvawgK wkv wbR GjvKvq kl Kib| 1921 mvj XvKv KjR _K
`kb kv mvb ARb Kib| 1923 mvj XvKv wekwe`vjqi `kb wefvMi
1g evPi Qv wnme vZKvi wWwM jvf Kib| 1925 mvj XvKv
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kvLvi mn-mfvcwZ wQjb| 1937 mvj c_g exq AvBb mfvq m`m wbevwPZ
nb Ges 1945 mvj ch c` envj wQjb| 1947 mvj cvwKvb nIqvi ci
1953 mvj ki evsjv G K dRjyj nKi KlK kwgK cvwUZ hvM `b|
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412

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi,
gZje `wY

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msm`B AvnZ nb Ges wZb w`b ci A_vr 1958 mvj 26k m^i wZwb
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mb RMbv_ KjR _K AvB,Kg cixvq 1g vb AwaKvi Kib| 1961 mb
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kl Aemi MnY Kib| wZwb cUvevsjv, Gd,wW,wm, Iqvmv, wk evsK, wmwU
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RvKvZv mdi Kib|

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wewfb `vwqZ cvjb kl evsjv`k miKvii mwPe wnme Kwl gYvjq, A_
gYvjqi AvB,Avi,wW, eb I cwiek gYvjq I wk gYvjqi `vwqZ cvjb
Kib| wZwb RvZxq ivR^ evWi Pqvigvb wQjb| mekl evsjv`ki
ZveavqK miKvii Dc`v wnme A_, cwiKbv, evwYR, WvK I
UwjhvMvhvM gYvjqi `vwqZ cvjb Kib| eZgvb wZwb AvBBDwe XvKv Gi
AavcK I Kvlvai `vwqZ cvjb KiQb| KgRxeb wZwb e `kx I
we`kx cwZvbi Pqvigvb/ mfvcwZi `vwqZ cvjb KiQb| `kx cwZvbi
ga AbZg njv, evsjv`k evsKi cwiPvjbv cwil`i m`m, ewmK
evsKi Pqvigvb, AvBwcwWwm, KvdKv Gi Pqvigvb| we`kx cwZvbi ga
wek evsKi evW Ae Mfbm Gi Mfbi, AvBGgGd Gi evW Ae Mfbm Gi
Mfbi Ges GwWwe evW Ae Mfbmi, Mfbi, Gwkqvb cWvwwfwU AMvbvBRkb,
Rvcvb Gi Pqvigvbi `vwqZ cvjb Kib| wZwb XvKv wekwe`vjq A_bxwZ
wefvMi GjvgbvB mwgwZi `yevi mfvcwZ I evsjv`k vDUm& G MvBWm&
Gmvwmqkbi mfvcwZ wnme `xNw`b `vwqZ cvjb Kib|

W: kvqe Avng`
eYvX Rxebi AwaKvix W: kvqe Avng`, 1948 mbi 1 gvP wbR gvZzjvjq
RbMnY Kib| wZwb Dg`x cvUIqvix evwoi mv cwievii mvb| 1962
mvj gZjeM R,we, DP we`vjq _K gvwUKzjkb cixvq 1g wefvM
DxY nb Ges 1g MW ewcv nb| 1964 mvj XvKv KjR _K AvB-G
cixvq 4_ vb AwaKvi Kib| cieZxZ XvKv wekwe`vjq _K A_bxwZZ
we,G (Abvm) I gvvm wWMx ARb Kib| nvfvW BDwbfvwmwU _K cv413

414

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi,
gZje `wY

GWt wQwKzi ingvb nvRiv


AvjnvR GWt wQwKzi ingvb nvRiv 1930 mvj Puv`cyi Rjvi AMZ gZje
_vbvi w`Nj`x Mvg (gywi nvU) GK gymwjg cwievi RbMnY Kib| wZwb
1946 mvj gZjeM R.we cvBjU nvB zj _K c_g wefvM gwUKzjkb
cixvq cvk Kib| wZwb 1948 mvj BUviwgwWqU cixv, 1951 mvj
ivwevb we.G (Abvm) Ges 1952 mvj XvKv wekwe`vjq nZ gvvm cvk
Kib| 1956 mvj Gj.Gj.we cvk Kib wZwb| 1962 mvj c_g RR KvU
evi, 1963 mvj nvB KvU evi Ges 1972 mvj `ki mekl Av`vjZ mycxg
KvU Av`vjZ evi hvM`vb Kib| Rbve nvRiv mvne 1954 mvj wkvbyivMx
mZviv evbyi mv_ weevn eb Ave nb| Zvnvi mnagxbx wmkix Mvjm nvB
zj cavb wkwKv wQjb| Zvnvi ki GWt Avjx AvRg bvivqYM KvUi
GKRb mveK wc.wc wQjb| Rbve wQwKzi ingvb nvRiv evi KvDwji mnmfvcwZ wbhy nb| wZwb evsjv`k wccjm& jxMi K`xq KwgwUi gnvmwPe
wQjb| wZwb gZje Kv-AcviwUf mvmvBwUi GKRb cwZvKvjxb m`m
wQjb| wZwb Puv`cyi Rjv mwgwZ XvKvZ 1993 mvj nZ 1999 mvj ch
GKRb ` mfvcwZ wnmve `vwqZ cvjb Kib| Z_ m~t m~eb Rqx -2005,
Puv`cyi Rjv mwgwZ XvKv|
^Mxq ni`qvj bvM
ni`qvj bvM 1853 mvj RbMnY Kib gZje DcRjvi Kvwkgcyi Mvg|
wcZv icmv` bvM, gvZv Mvwe` wcqv| 1874 mvj XvKv KjwRqU zj _K
GbUv cvk Kib| Gd.G cixvq DxY nq ^Kvjxb miKvwi PvKzixi ci
1883 mvj AvBbi mb` jvf Kib| Puv`cyi evi AvBbwe` wnmve wZwb Ac~e
`Zvi ^vi iLwQjb wesk kZvxi c_g cv`| e ermi wZwb evi mwgwZi
mfvcwZ wQjb| wZwb AvBb eemvq h_ cwZcwZ I LvwZ ARb Kib|
wK eni ivRbwZK GB `~i`kx bZvi AvBb vb I wePYZvi ej
cwiPq `kevmx cqQb-BsiR miKvi m eva KiZb Zuvi AKvU hyw
Rvji KvQ| 1921 mvj AmnhvM Av`vjb gnvZv Mvx I `kez wPi
`vm-Gi Avnvb Puv`cyii weLvZ DwKj ni`qvj bvMI Av`vjZ eRb Kib|
`kgvZKvi gyw Av`vjb Suvwcq cob Ges KsMmi KvR hvM w`jb|
wK wZb gvm ci Abvb DwKjMY Av`vjZ wdi MjI ni`qvj bvM wdijb
bv| `p cwZvi KviY Zuvi Rxebi klw`b Aewa we`kx miKvii wbqwZ
Av`vjZ AvBbRxex ic Avi Mjb bv| GB Av`kwb cyil AvBb eemvi
PqI `kmevK DPvb w`qQb| eivei wZwb wQjb AKyZvfq RbbZv|
415

XvKv AevbKvj XvKv cKvk (1876) I fviZ wnZwlYx (1880-83)


cwKvi cKvkbv I mv`bvi m hy wQjb| ZLb KsMm bZv myi`bv_
evbvRxi msk Avmb| 1886 mvj KjKvZvq AbywZ KsMm Gi wZxq
Awaekb c_g hvM `b Ges AvRxeb ivRbxwZZ bZZi fzwgKv cvjb
Kib| (1886-1942)
1903 _K 1911 ch ef Av`vjb ni`qvj bvM mwq AskMnY Kib|
1907 mvj we`kx cY eRb Av`vjb gni Kvwj evwoZ AbywZ mfvi 33
Rb Kgx mn c_g Mvi nb| K_v I KvR bvM gnvkq wQjb RvZxqZvev`i
cZxK| 1906 mvj gvP gvm MwVZ RvZxq wkv cwil`i mv_ RwoZ nb Ges
1922-24 mvj ch wQjb Gi mfvcwZ| 1906 mvj g gvm RbbvqK
ni`qvj bvM Gi bZZ Puv`cyi vwcZ nq RvZxq we`vjq Ges wZwb D
we`vjqi cwmWU wQjb| we`vjqwU KwZZi mv_ Pj 1948 mvj ch|
1921 mvj Gwcj-g gvm wmjU Pv evMvbi Kzwj`i we`vn I KgZvM GK
msNli mw Ki| Kzwj`i cvk Gm `uvovb ni`qvj bvM| G mgmv mgvavb
QzU Avmb `ki bZe`| vbxq bZZ wQjb ni`qvj bvM| 1921 mvj
wZwb AmnhvM Av`vjb hvM`vb Kib| ni`qvj bvM 1930 mvji jeb
Av`vjb wcyiv, wmjU I bvqvLvwj Rjvi bZvi `vwqZ cvjb Kib| 1931
mvj ej cwfbwmqvj Kbdvi-enigcyi Awaekb mfvcwZZ KiwQjb G
eiY cyil, hv Miei m iYxq| 1932 mvj AvBb Agvb Av`vjbi
Aciva Qq gvm Kviv` `wZ nb| ci enigcyi AbywZ exq cv`wkK
ivxq mjb mfvcwZZ Kib| 1935 mvj KsMmi 50 Zg el c~wZZ
Rywejx Drme KjKvZvq AbywZ mfvq ciwnZ Kib| kl evii gZ wZwb
Mvxi Rxebi mv_ wgwjZ nb wegcyi gvjKv` Mvw mev msNi Awaekb
1940 mvji deqvix gvm| 1941 mvj Zuvi 89 eQi c~wZZ Puv`cyi
Rb Rqx Drme cv`wkK ivxq mwgwZi mfvcwZ ivR` P` `e Zuvi fvlY
ejb bvM gnvkq mvaviY mwbK nZB g AbZg mvcwZi c` jvf
KiwQjb| Zuvi cy gbKzgvi bvM wjLQb, wZwb wQjb eo gvbeZvev`x| wZwb
wRvwZZ wekvm KiZbbv| Zuvi avb g wQj GK RvwZ GK gb-cvY GKZv|
Zuvi evwo ni`qvj feb wQj ivRbwZK I mgvR mex`i kx | Zuvi evwoZ
MvxwR GmwQjb wZb evi| Mvx f wnmve ZvK ejv nZv Puv`cyii Mvx|
Puv`cyi GB gnvb bZv 1942 mvj kl wbtkvm ZvM Kib|
Z_ m~ : gvnv` mwdDj Avjg KZK (1| fviZKvl; cg L, Rxebx
Awfavb, Hidustan Standard 32, Amrita Bazar 35| 2| kvkZ wcyiv,
wcyiv wnZ^vaxbx mfv kZ evwlKx viK msKjb (1872-1972); cKvk Kvj:
15 AvM, 1976 wL:, cv bs- 190,175, 47 I 50, 3| Kzwgj-v Rjvi
416

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi,
gZje `wY

BwZnvm; Kywgj-v Rjv cwil` KZK 7B Ryb 1984 mvj cKvwkZ, cv-926927) mvw`Z), 4| Rbve Awn`yj Bmjvg miKvi KZK msMwnZ Z_|

Ag Aavq : emiKvwi msMVb, msv I mwgwZ


gZjei mvsevw`KZv, cwKv cKvkbv, cm Kve I Abvb msMVb
beBqi `kK gZje cm Kve cwZv njI g~jZ G Rbc` mvsevw`KZvi
Mvovcb ^vaxbZv cieZx mgq _K| ckv`vi mvsevw`K ejZ ZLb KDB
wQj bv| H mgq gZje wWwM KjRi AavcK gig gvj-v gvt wiqvQZ
Dj-v c_g BdvK cwKvq AwbqwgZ mvsevw`KZv i Kib| Zvici wZwb
BsiwR KvMR AeRvifviI wd-jv mvsevw`KZv Kib| G mgq gvKmy`yj nK
evejy `wbK evsjvi evYxi mn-mv`K I ci Pvu`cyii mvvwnK icmx Pvu`cyi
I wewfb RvZxq `wbK cwKvq wd-jv mvsevw`KZv Kib| Gici beBqi
`kKi iZ `wbK evsjvi evYxZ wbqwgZ mvsevw`KZv Kib Aveyj Kvkg
cvUvqvix| G Aji mvsevw`KZv weKvk KD AvwiKfve D`vMx bv
nIqvq GB ckvi Zgb GKUv weKvk NU wb| 1992 mvji wWm^i gvm
gZje cimfvi PigyKyw` Mvgi RvZxq mvvwnK QzwUi cavb cwZe`K kIKZ
nvmb ev`j cm Kve MVbi j mvsevw`K mwi Rb gZje GKwU
Kgkvjvi AvqvRb Kib| H Kgkvjvi AvnvqK wQjb gZje wWwM KjRi
evsjv wefvMi AavcK GnZkvg nvq`vi Payix| cieZxZ H Kgkvjvq Ask
417

418

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi,
gZje `wY

MnYKvix 52 Rbi ga _K gvRnvij nK evey (RbK), gwReyi ingvb


LvKb (w`bKvj), bvRgyj nK gvwbK (fvii KvMR), Avwgi Lmi (`wbK
RbZv), Mvjvg mviIqvi mwjg (AvRKi KvMR), Zwn`yj Bmjvg wUUz
(`wbK Lei), wMqvm Dwb wgjb (`wbK wgj-vZ), Kwei nvmb (msMvg), ij
Avwgb meyR (mKvji Lei)mn 10/12 Rb mwqfve mvsevw`KZv i Kib
ZLbKvi mgq `ki kxlv bxq `wbK| hvi dj gZje cm Kve MVbi
cqvRbxqZv Abyf~Z nq| GiB cwZ 1993 mvji Rvbyqvix gvm gZje
xov msv feb cm Kve MVbi j GKwU mfv AbywZ nq| hvi mfvcwZZ
KiwQjb iqgbb bQv gwnjv KjRi Aa wewk wkvwe` gvqyb AvRv`,
mfvq cavb AwZw_i Avmb AjsKZ Kib DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi bIki
Avng` Payix, wekl AwZw_ wQjb gZje wWwM KjRi Aa mvjvgZ
Dj-v| mfvq gZje m~hgyLx KwP-KvuPvi gjvi cwiPvjK gvKmy`yj nK evejyK
AvnvqK, ivRbxwZwe` gynv` Ave`yj KvBDg LvbK m`m mwPe Ki cm Kve
evevqb KwgwU MVb Kiv nq| H KwgwUi Abvb m`miv wQjb Aveyj Kvkg
cvUvqvix, gvRnvij nK evey, gwReyi ingvb LvKb, bvRgyj nK gvwbK, Avwgi
Lmi , Mvjvg mviIqvi mwjg, Zwn`yj Bmjvg wUUz, wMqvm Dwb wgjb, Kwei
nvmb, ij Avwgb meyR | GKB eQii 21 k gvP gZje cm Kve MwVZ
nq| hvi c_g mfvcwZ wQjb cm Kvei ^c`v kIKZ nvmb ev`j, mvaviY
mv`K Avwgi Lmi, Kvlva Mvjvg mviIqvi mwjg mn 11Rb m`m| G
KwgwU _vKv Aevq 1995 mvji w`K gvt RvwKi nvmbK mfvcwZ Ges
Zwn`yj Bmjvg wUUyK mUvix Ki cm Kvei GKwU KwgwU MwVZ nq| ci
AviKwU KwgwU nq Aveyj Kvkg cvUvqvixi mfvcwZZ Avwgi Lmi, kvgj
P` `vm I gvt BKevj nvmbK Afy Ki| G cvcU Pvu`cyi `wbK
Leii Rjv cwZwbwa wRqvDi ingvb ejvji D`vM Ges mKji HKgZ
cmKve KwgwU MwVZ nq hvi mfvcwZ Avwgi Lmi I mUvix Mvjvg
mviIqvi mwjg| Ze ZLb cm Kvei m`m`i emvi Kvb vb wQj bv|
1997 mvj ZrKvjxb b-cwienb cwZgx gvdvRj nvmb Pxayix gvqv exi
weg Gi mycvwik Ges ZrKvjxb DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi Ac~e Kzgvi wekvmi
HKvwK cPvq Rjv cwil`i RvqMv jxR Avbv nq Ges Ni wbgvYi eev
Kiv nq| m _K nuvwU nuvwU Ki PjQ gZje cm Kve|
cieZxZ gZjei mvsevw`KZvq AbKB GwMq Avmb| G`i ga AbKB
RvZxq cwKvi vbxq cwZwbwa Rjv/DcRjv _K cKvwkZ cwKvi cwZwbwa
wnme `vwqZ cvjb KiQb| eZgvb RvZxq I Rjv/DcRjv _K cKvwkZ
cwKvq 20 Rbi gZ mvsevw`K KvR KiQb| mnKvix AavcK RvwKi nvmb
(`wbK c_g Avjv), gvt Avwgi Lmi(`wbK RbZv), Mvjvg mviIqvi mwjg
(`wbK Pvu`cyi evZv I `wbK gZjei Avjv), kvgj P` `vm (`wbK Pvu`cyi
419

`cY I `wbK gvbeRwgb), BKevj nvmb (`wbK mgKvj), Avvi nvmb


(`wbK BdvK), wbgvB P` Nvl (`wbK Pvu`cyi cwZw`b), Mvjvg nvq`vi
gvj-v (`wbK Pvu`cyi cevn), nvmb Avng` (`wbK Pvu`cyi w`M), gvndzR
gwj-K (`wbK Bjk cvo), kIKZ Avjx (`wbK Pvu`cyi cevn), gvt Rvnvxi
Avjg cavb (`wbK Pvu`cyi msev`), mvenvb dviK (`wbK Pvu`cyi), i`Iqvb
Avng` RvwKi(`wbK Pvu`cyi K), ivKbyvgvb ivKb (`wbK Pvu`cyi Rwgb),
jvKgvb nvmb nvexe (mvvwnK AvRKi gZje), Rve` KvDQvi wbb
(mvvwnK gZje K), Kvgvj nvmb (mvvwnK w`evK), Lvik` Avng`,
gvkvid nvmb ZvjyK`vi, Avyj jZxd wgqvRx I AbvbMY|
gZje _K Mvjvg mviIqvi mwjgi mv`bvq mvvwnK gZje K cKvwkZ
nq 2001 mvj| mvvwnK w`evK kvgj P` `vmi mv`bvq cKvwkZ nq
2005 mvj| `wbK gZjei Avjv cKvwkZ nq 2006 mvj hvi mv`K I
cKvkK Mvjvg mviIqvi mwjg| Pvu`cyi _K 2010 mvj _K cKvwkZ nq
mvvwnK gZjei Rbc` hvi mv`K I cKvkK kvgj P` `vm| 2005 mvj
_K mvvwnK AvRKi gZje cKvwkZ nq XvKv _K hvi mv`K gynv`
Rqbvj Avew`b| Gfve gZje mvsevw`KZv I cwKv cKvkbvq Dj-LhvM
f~wgKv iL AvmQ|
gZje cm Kvei mfvcwZ, mvaviY mv`K`i ZvwjKv :
1. kIKZ nvmb ev`j (mfvcwZ), Avwgi Lmi (mvaviY mv`K)
mb:-1994-1995
2. Avwgi Lmi (mfvcwZ), Mvjvg mviIqvi mwjg (mvaviY mv`K)
mb:-1997-1998
3. Aveyj Kvkg cvUvqvix (mfvcwZ), Mvjvg mviIqvi mwjg (mvaviY
mv`K) mb:-1998-1999
4. Avwgi Lmi ( mfvcwZ), Mvjvg mviIqvi mwjg (mvaviY mv`K)
mb:-1999-2000
5. Aveyj Kvkg cvUvqvix (mfvcwZ), Zwn`yj Bmjvg wUUz (mvaviY mv`K)
mb:-2000-2001
6. Avwgi Lmi (mfvcwZ), MZg Kzgvi mvnv (mvaviY mv`K)
mb:-2001-2003
7. kvgj P` `vm (mfvcwZ), kvnRvjvj wjUb (mvaviY mv`K)
mb:-2003-2004
420

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi,
gZje `wY

8. Avwgi Lmi ( mfvcwZ), wbgvB P` Nvl (mvaviY mv`K)


mb:-2004-2005
9. Avwgi Lmi ( mfvcwZ), BKevj nvmb (mvaviY mv`K)
mb:-2007-2008
GQvov msev` I mvsevw`KZv mswk Aviv ek KqKwU msMVb iqQ| m me
msMVbjv nQ :- 1. mvsevw`K KjvY mwgwZ, mfvcwZ AavcK gy. RvwKi
nvmb, mvaviY mv`K Mvjvg mviIqvi mwjg 2.evsjv`k mvsevw`K mwgwZ,
AvnvqK kvgj P` `vm 3. wicvUvm BDwbwU, mfvcwZ Mvjvg nvq`vi gvj-v,
mvaviY mv`K mvenvb dviK 4. mvsevw`K I RbKjvY mwgwZ, mfvcwZ
nvmb Avn`, mvaviY mv`K gvndzR gwj-K 5. evsjv`k mvsevw`K
BDwbqb, mfvcwZ Av. nvbvb wgqvRx, mvaviY mv`K wbgvB P` Nvl 6. jLK
I mvsevw`K dvivg, AvnvqK ivKbyvgvb ivKb| (m~ : gvKmy`yj nK evejy,
gZje cm Kve I mvsevw`K`i Abvb msMVb)
GbwRIm (bb MfYgvU AMvbvBRkbm)
miKvwi Kvhgi cvkvcvwk emiKvwi msvmg~nI gZje DcRjvi Dbqb
f~wgKv ivLQ| gZjei wkvi nvi ew, wkvi gvb Dbqb, Kgmsvb I
AvqeaK KvR mKiY welq cwkY c`vb I FY c`vb, Av_-mvgvwRK
Dbqb BZvw` mKj KvR GbwRI`i f~wgKv Dj-LhvM| hme GbwRI
gZje DcRjvq KvR Ki mjv njv - evK, Avkv, wbRiv Kwi, RvZxq cyw
Kvhg, `kmev, isaby mgvR Dbqb msv, Avc, mZZv, evsjv`k kjUvi,
kl m^j iv, Dxcb, wmwmwWG (mUvi di KwgDwbwU WfjvcgU
Gwmv), MvgxY kw I Abvb|
gZje m~hgyLx KwP-KuvPvi gjv
1956 mvji 5 Avei gwnqmx Kwe mywdqv Kvgvji XvKvi Iqvwi ZvivevMi
evmvq MvQcvjvq Niv AvgevMvbi Qvqvi Zj em G`ki wk wKkvi`i
Rb KwP-KuvPvi gjv bvg msMVbi Rb nq| wk wKkvi`i gav I gvbweK
weKvk, Pwi MVb, mvwnZ, wk, mswZ PPvq ciYv `vb, mgvR mevq
DrmvwnZKiY, Ljvayjv I kixiPPvi eevKiY wekl Ki `ki fwelr
bvMwiK`i `kvZeva DyKiY g~jZ Gi Dk Ges j| cLvZ
mvwnwZK mvsevw`K Ges wk msMVK cqvZ ivKbyvgvb Lvb `v`vfvB G msMVb
cwZvi D`vM bb| eZgvb XvKv mbevwMPvq m`h I KviKvhgwZ
eZj wewk `vjvb (AwWUvwiqvg mn) KwP-KuvPvi gjvi cavb Kvhvjq
AewZ|
421

cwZvi ci KwP-KuvPvi gjv `kevcx kvLv vcbi gvag Gi Av`k Ges


Kgm~Px mgM `k Qwoq `qvi D`M bq| hvZ Ki wk wKkviiv
`jMZfve KvR Kivi cvkvcvwk cviwiK mnv` Mo Zvjvi myhvM jvf
Ki| GiB djkwZZ 1968 mvji 5 bf^i gZje m~hgyLx KwP-KuvPvi gjvi
Rb| bvgwUI `v`vfvB iLwQjb| m~hgyLx Gi evLv w`Z wMq wZwb
ejwQjb, m~hgyLx dzji `w Avjvi w`K A_vr AKvi _K Avjvi w`K
avweZ nevi eZ wbe gZjei wk wKkviiv| msMVbwU 1973 mvj PMvg
wefvMxq mgvR KjvY wefvM KZK iwRkb (bs- Puv`-33/409/73/85) cv
nq|
gZje m~hgyLx KwP-KuvPvi gjv mZ, bvq I my`ii c_ wk`iK LuvwU
bvMwiK wnme Mo Zvjvi mygnvb eZ wbq GwMq PjQ| AvR gjv 46
eQi c`vcY KiQ| gjvi D`vM mvvwnK Kgm~Px h_v kixiPPv, Avew,
weZK, mxZ, bZ, wPvY, Awfbq, KwDUvi, wevb gjv, cv_wgK wPwKrmv,
evwlK cwkY Kgm~Px cwiPvwjZ nQ| Z`ycwi KqKwU cK m~hgyLx wk
cvVvMvi (1992), KwP-KuvPv miKvwi cv_wgK we`vjq (1975), KwP-KuvPv wcKvWU zj (1999), cv_wgK ^v Kgm~Px (1985), KwP-KuvPv dvDkb
cwiPvwjZ nQ| eZgvb KwP-KuvPv Kgc wbgvY cwqvaxb| hv ne wk
wKkvi`i me aiYi KjvY I DbqYg~jK KgKvi cvYK`|
Gfve wk wKkvi`i Rb `i`x gb I ZvMi Av`k Dy nq msMVbwU `
c` GwMq PjQ|
(m~ : gvt gvKmy`yj nK evejy, cwiPvjK, gZje m~hgyLx KwP-KuvPvi gjv|)
gZje KjvY cwil`
1970 Bs mb HwZnevnx gZje evRvii cvYK` gZjei MYgvb ew`i
AKv cPvq gZje KjvY cwil` vwcZ nq| D`vv`i AbZg wQjb Gg
G Kwig (wkcwZ), bIqve wgqv (eemvqx), AwjDj-vn gvj-v, gvLjQzi
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424

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gZje DcRjvi Dbqb, wkv, ^v welqK Kvhg Pvjvbvi j wbq
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426

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beg Aavq : hvMvhvM eev


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428

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429

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iU iqQ| bvivqYcyi-gwbMuvI-PvcvwZqv-ejvLvj nq nvRxM hvIqv hvq|
gZje-evqvwjqv-PuvbLvicyj-Dcv`x Di BDwbqb nq Dcv`x `wY hvIqvi
ivv iqQ| gZje _K bvivqYcyi nq Lv`iMvu BDwbqb hvevi ivv iqQ
Avevi gZje _K fvvicvo nq ev bvM`v nqI Lv`iMvuI BDwbqb hvevi
ivv iqQ|

b`xc_/Rjc_
gZje - gvQzqvLvj - bvqiMuvI - b`jvjcyi - KvwjevRvi- Kvwjcyi nq
bvivqYM I XvKv jiU - lvUbj - gyxM GKwU jiU iqQ| gZje MvRxcyi-Avgxivev` - GLjvmcyi - gvnbcyi - QUvwK - gyxM AviKwU jiU| gZje-MvRxcyi- gjfxevox - Avwgivev` - Kvbyw` - Pvu`cyi jiU
(eZgvb GwU wejy)| gvQzqvLvj - bvivqYcyi - gnviY - KPzqv iU
b`xc_/Lvjc_ bKvq hvIqv me| (m~ : vbxq`i AwfgZ)

430

mv`bvq, mwdKzj Bmjvg


DcRjv wbevnx Awdmvi,
gZje `wY

Pvu`cyi Rjv mwgwZ, XvKv (2005), myeY Rqx 2005


bqvgZ Dj-v cvUvqvix (2001), kZvxi k wkK-1, Gg Gg wcwUs G
cvKwRs, XvKv|
bqvgZ Dj-v cvUvqvix (2001), kZvxi k wkK-2, nK wcUvm,
AvivgevM, XvKv|
bqvgZ Dj-v cvUvqvix (2007), kZvxi k wkK-3, Rq cWvm,
bqvcb, XvKv|
gZje gy w`em D`&hvcb KwgwU (1998), `xKV, mv`bvq
gvKmy`yj nK evejy|

gv :

gZjeM Rwe DP we`vjq cvb Qv mwgwZ, XvKv (2011), k zj k


wkK, mv`bvq gv : gvKmy`yj nK evejy, gNgvjv, dwKivcyj, XvKv|
wgbnvR B wmivR (1260) ZeKvZ-B-bvwmix Abyev` I mv`bvq Aveyj
Kvjvg gvnv` hvKvwiqv (1983), evsjv GKvWgx, XvKv|
Z_m~
Avyi iwng (2006), f~wg gvwjK`i Rb - Rwg Rgv iv_ KiYxq, Zvwbqv
myjZvbv, cMwZ iYx, XvKv|
Kvgivgvb wkK`vi, (2006), gZje Di DcRjvi BwZnvm, AxKvi
cKvkb, evsjvevRvi XvKv|
AvmKvi Beb kvBL, gymwjg Avgj evsjvi kvmbKZv, BmjvwgK dvDkb,
XvKv|
Wt Avyi iwng, gymwjg evsjvi BwZnvm
Aveyj Kvjvg gvnv` hvKvwiqv, Kzwgj-v Rjvi BwZnvm

Z_ wb`k fviZ Kvl, cg L


Wt gvt nvwdRyi ingvb f~Tv (2011), hyM ciivq evsjvi f~wg AvBb I f~wg
eev- AvaywbK hyMt wewUk Avvgj, wbD Kbm cvt wjwgUW, PMvg, XvKv|
Wt gvt nvwdRyi ingvb f~Tv (2011), hyM ciivq evsjvi f~wg AvBb I f~wg
eev- cvPxb I gahyM, wbD Kbm cvt wjwgUW, PMvg, XvKv|
gvnv` Avyj Kzym (1987), Kzwgj-v Rjvq Bmjvg cPvi, BmjvwgK
dvDkb, evsjv`k|
gvnv` kwdDj Avjg wUUv (2007), iZMfv Pvu`cyi, mwRe wcUvm, XvKv|
igkP` gRyg`vi, evsjv`ki BwZnvm gahyM|

IqvwKj Avng` (1985), evvsjvi gymwjg eywRxex 1757-1758, KjKvZv|


Kzwgj-v Rjv cwil` (1984), Kzwgj-v Rjvi BwZnvm, Kzwgj-v Rjv cwil`,
Kzwgj-v
Kjvm P` wms, (1626), ivRgvjv cv 438
431

432

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