HOTS PROBLEM (Text Book Page No.

207)
5. In an equilateral triangle ABC, The side BC is trisected at D.
Prove that 9AD
2
= 7AB
2
.
A
B
C
D E
Proof : In AAED,
AD
2
= AE
2
+ DE
2
..(i)

AE
&
AB DE
AB
60
0
30
0
AABE is a 30
0
, 60
0
, 90
0
triangle
= AE [Side opp. to 60
0
]

..(ii)
= BE
[Side opp. to 30
0
]

..(iii)

DE = BE BD [B D E]

DE =
1
AB
2

1
BC
3
DE =
1
AB
2

1
AB
3


DE =

DE =
1
AB
6
..(iv)

AD
2
=
| |
|
\ .
2
3
AB
2
| |
|
\ .
2
1
AB
6
+
AD
2
=
2
3
AB
4
+
2
1
AB
36
AD
2
=
AD
2
=
2
28
AB
36
AD
2
=
2
7
AB
9
9AD
2
= 7AB
2

7
9
AB = BC = AC
=
1
BD BC
3
36
9
9
27AB
2
+ AB
2
6
3AB

2AB

3
3
2
2

3
AB
2
1
AB
2
Construction : Draw seg AE side BC,
such that B D E C
Proof : AABC is an equilateral triangle.
AB = BC = AC (i)

In AAED,
mZAED = 90
0
AD
2
= AE
2
+ DE
2
(ii)
In AAEB,
mZAEB = 90
0
mZABE = 60
0
mZBAE = 30
0
AAEB is a 30
0
60
0
90
0
triangle
By 30
0
60
0
90
0
triangle theorem,

A
B
C
D E
60
0
30
0
[Given]

[Sides of an
equilateral triangle ]

[Construction]

[By Pythagoras theorem]

[Construction]

[Angle of an equilateral triangle]

[Remaining angle]

= AE [Side opp. to 60
0
]

...(iii)
3
AB
2
= BE
[Side opp. to 30
0
]

...(iv)
1
AB
2
DE = BE BD [B D E]

DE =
1
AB
2

1
BC
3
DE =
1
AB
2

1
AB
3


DE =

DE =
1
AB
6
..(v)
6
3AB

2AB


AD
2
=
| |
|
\ .
2
1
AB
6
+
AD
2
=
2
3
AB
4
+
2
1
AB
36
AD
2
=
36
27AB
2
+ AB
2
| |
|
\ .
2
3
AB
2
AD
2
=
2
28
AB
36
AD
2
=
2
7
AB
9
9AD
2
= 7AB
2

A
B
C
D E
60
0
30
0
[From (iv) and Given]

[From (i)]

[From (ii), (iii) and (v)]

AB = BC = AC
=
1
BD BC
3
HOTS PROBLEM (Text Book Page No. 207)
7. In AABC, ZABC = 135
0
. Prove that
A
B
C
135
o
D

AD
&
DC


Proof : In AADC,






AC
2
= AB
2
BD
2
+
AC
2
= AB
2
BD
2
+





DC = DB + BC

AC
2
= AD
2
+ DC
2
..(i)
AB
2
= AD
2
+ BD
2

AD
2
= AB
2
BD
2
..(ii)
AC
2
= AB
2
BD
2

+ DC
2

(DB + BC)
2
BD
2


+

2 BD BC

+

BC
2
AC
2
=

+

2 BD BC

+

BC
2
AB
2
AC
2
= AB
2
+ BC
2
+ 4A(AABC).





A(AABC) = BC AD
4A(AABC) = BC AD
1
4
2

2
4A(AABC) = 2 BC







4A(AABC) = 2 BD BC
AD
AD = BD
45
o
45
o

4A(AABC) = 2 BC BD
AC
2
=

+

4A(AABC)

+

BC
2
AB
2
A
B C
135
o
D
Construction : Draw seg AD side BC,
such that D B C
Proof : In AADC,
mZADC = 90
0
AC
2
= AD
2
+ DC
2
...(i)
In AADC,
mZADB = 90
0
AB
2
= AD
2
+ DB
2

AD
2
= AB
2
DB
2
...(ii)
AC
2
= AB
2
DB
2
+ DC
2

AC
2
= AB
2
DB
2
+ (DB + BC)
2

AC
2
= AB
2
BD
2
+ BD
2
+ BC
2
+ 2 BD BC
AC
2
= AB
2
+ BC
2
+ 2 BD BC ...(iii)


A(A ABC) = base height



A(A ABC) = BC AD



4A(A ABC) = 4 BC AD


4A(A ABC) = 2 BC AD (iv)
mZABC + mZABD = 180
0
135
0
+ mZABD = 180
0
mZABD = 180
0
135
0

[Construction]

[By Pythagoras
theorem]

[Construction]

[By Pythagoras
theorem]

[From (i) and (ii)]

[D B C]

[Multiplying throughout by 4]

[Angles in linear pair]

mZABD = 45
0
(v)
In AADB,
mZADB = 90
0
mZABD = 45
0
mZBAD = 45
0
(vi)
In AADB,

ZABD ~ ZBAD
seg AD ~ seg BD (vii)
4A(AABC) = 2 BC BD (viii)
AC
2
= AB
2
+ BC
2
+ 4A(A ABC)
[Construction]

[From (v)]

[Remaining angle]

[From (v) and (vi)]

[Converse of isosceles triangle theorem]

[From (iv) and (vii)]

[From (iii) and (viii)]