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Almost all PHI [private health insurance] in Canada would be classified as complementary to medicare
)(Hurley & Guindon, 2008). PHI that attempts to provide a private alternative to medicare (substitutive PHI
or faster access to medicare services (supplementary PHI) is prohibited or discouraged by a complex array
of provincial laws and regulations. Six provinces British Columbia, Alberta, Manitoba, Ontario, Quebec
and Prince Edward Island and three territories prohibit the purchase of PHI for medicare services. In the
remaining four provinces, the purchase of PHI for such services is discouraged through various means, in
particular by not allowing physicians to work in both public and private systems at the same time [] within
the limits imposed by geographical distance and isolation, provincial and territorial residents are at liberty
to choose the physician, hospital or long-term care facility.
See: Gregory P. Marchildon, Canada: Health System Review, Health Systems in Transition 15:1 (2013), pp. 1-179.

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50. D. S. Kringos, W. Boerma, J. van der Zee & P. Groenewegen, Europe's strong primary care systems are
linked to better population health but also to higher health spending, Health Affairs 32:4 (April 2013),
;pp. 686-694
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Dov Chernichovsky & Arleen A. Leibowitz,Integrating Public Health and Personal Care in a Reformed US
Health Care System,American Journal of Public Health 100:2 (February 2010), pp. 205-211.

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33

" " :
, , " .9.4.2013 ,The Marker ,
, ,2011-1962 .2012
, , ( 2009-2005).
, , :" 61 ,2010 ,' .776-739
, , :" 63 ,2012 ,' .670-599
, : , ,
, , ,13 .2012
, : .27.9.2011 ,
, : 2014-2013 ,
, , .2013
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, , , ,2014-2013 ,
, .2013
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, , , .20.9.2013 ,
Chernichovsky, Dov & Arleen A. Leibowitz,Integrating Public Health and Personal Care in a Reformed US
Health Care System,American Journal of Public Health 100:2 (February 2010), pp. 205-211.
Flood, Colleen M., & Amanda Haugan, Is Canada Odd? A Comparison of European and Canadian Approaches
to Choice and Regulation of the Public/Private Divide in Health Care, Health Economics, Policy and Law 5:3
(July 2010), pp. 319341.
Kringos, D. S., W. Boerma, J. van der Zee & P. Groenewegen, Europe's strong primary care systems are linked
to better population health but also to higher health spending, Health Affairs 32:4 (April 2013), pp. 686-694.
Marchildon, Gregory P., Canada: Health System Review, Health Systems in Transition 15: 1 (2013), pp. 1-179.
OEDC, Health at a Glance 2013: OECD Indicatiors, OECD Publishing, 2013.
Preist, Alicia, Michael Rachlis & Marcy Cohen, Why Wait? Public Solutions to Cure Surgical Waitlist, A Submission to the
BC Government's Conversation on Health, Canadian Center for Policy Alternatives and the BC Health Coalition, May 2007.
Thompson, Sarah, Robin Osborn, David Squires & Miraya Jun (eds.), International Profiles of Health Care
Systems, 2012, The Commonwealth Fund, November 2012.
?Tuohy, Carolyn Hughes, Colleen M. Flood & Mark Stabile, How Does Private Finance Affect Public Health Care Systems
Marshalling the Evidence from OECD Nations, Journal of Health Politics, Policy and Law 29:3 (June 2004), pp. 374-375.

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