Motivation

Motivation- involves a process that initiates,directs, and sustains behavior to satisfy physiological or psychological needs (Wood, et al., 2004,p.256)

Characteristics

Motives- a reason for doing something or needs

Physiological- innate or inborn; caused by deprivation
when you satisfy the needs, the motivation level goes down

Psychological- satisfaction of these needs increases the motivation to seek further satisfaction

 Satisfaction- the fulfillment of a desire, need or appetite Degree of motivation- dictates to what extent he or she is willing to accomplish his or her goal
the higher motivation, the higher the satisfaction or achievement is

Theories of Motivation

1. Instict Theory
Suggests that motivation is inherited and passed down from generation to generation as instincts
Instincts are goal-directed and innate patterns of behavior that are not the result of learning or experience

The purpose of this is for survival and procreation which we have acquired through revolution. Psychologist William McDougall suggested that instinctive behavior was composed of three key elements: perception, behavior, and emotion.
He also outlined 18 different instincts that included curiosity, the maternal instinct, laughter, comfort, sex, and hunger.

 2. Drive- reduction Theory

This theory asserts that motivation is caused by our constant desire to reduce the tension that comes with drives.
Drive is the psychological tension and physical arousal as a consequence of a need that motivates us to seek fulfillment of such need and in turn, reduce tension

Clark Hull started developing his theory shortly after he began working at Yale University.He based his theory around the concept of homeostasis, the idea that the body actively works to maintain a certain state of balance or equilibrium.

homeostasis

Drivereducing Behaviors

Needs

Drives