THYPOID FEVER

YULIANA

Typhoid
This is a picture of the bacteria of typhoid.

Salmonella enterica.

 Typhos in Greek means ,smoke and typhus fever got its name from smoke that was believed to cause it. Typhoid means typhuslike and thus the name given to this disease. The term Typhoid was given by Louis 1829 to distinguish it from typhus fever. It is a disease of poor environmental sanitation and hence occurs in parts of the world where water supply is unsafe and sanitation is substandard.

The term enteric fever or typhoid fever is a communicable disease, found only in man and includes both typhoid fever caused by S.Typhi and paratyphoid fever caused by S.Paratyphi A, B and C . It is an acute generalized infection of the reticulo endothelial system, intestinal lymphoid tissue, and the gall bladder.

The disease and how it affects people

Typhoid fever is a bacterial infection of the bloodstream. Most people show symptoms 1-3 weeks. There is a similar disease that is much milder.

The Cause
Typhoid and Partayphoid fevers are caused by the bacteria Salmonella.The two diseases are passed through faeces and urine.

Which countries does it affect?

Typhoid and Partayphoid fevers are common in less-industrialized countries,to the problem of unsafe drinking water inadequate sewage and flooding.

How serious is the problem

The annual incidence of Typhoid is estimated to be about seventeen million cases world wide.

Prevention
Public health intervations to prevent typhoid and partayphod inclued: health education about personal hygiene, especially regarding hand washing after toilet use and food preparation. excluding disease carries from food handling

Control of Typhoid fever

MEASURES DIRECTED TO RESERVOIR a) Case detection and treatment b) Isolation c)Disinfection of stools and urine d)Detection & treatment of carriers MEASURES AT ROUTES OF TRANSMISSION a) Water sanitation b) Food sanitation c) Excreta disposal d) Fly control MEASURES FOR SUSCEPTIBLES a) immunoprophylaxis b) health education