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  • Spurious Operation of The Directional Phase Over-Current

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    Aceel Fitch
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    The document summarizes potential issues with directional phase overcurrent protection and solutions. It discusses two scenarios: 1) Protection of two transformers in parallel where one phase current may be on the limit of the operating zone and risk tripping both transformers. The solution is to use a three-phase directional protection with a time delay to avoid unwanted tripping. 2) Protection of two incomers where a two-phase fault current ratio may cause one flow to be in the wrong zone. The solutions are to set the directional threshold higher than the short-circuit current or use a three-phase directional logic requiring two phases to detect the fault in the operating zone.

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    Spurious Operation of the Directional Phase Over-Current

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    The document summarizes potential issues with directional phase overcurrent protection and solutions. It discusses two scenarios: 1) Protection of two transformers in parallel where one phase current may be on the limit of the operating zone and risk tripping both transformers. The solution is to use a three-phase directional protection with a time delay to avoid unwanted tripping. 2) Protection of two incomers where a two-phase fault current ratio may cause one flow to be in the wrong zone. The solutions are to set the directional threshold higher than the short-circuit current or use a three-phase directional logic requiring two phases to detect the fault in the operating zone.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    14 views2 pages

    Spurious Operation of The Directional Phase Over-Current

    Uploaded by

    Aceel Fitch
    The document summarizes potential issues with directional phase overcurrent protection and solutions. It discusses two scenarios: 1) Protection of two transformers in parallel where one phase current may be on the limit of the operating zone and risk tripping both transformers. The solution is to use a three-phase directional protection with a time delay to avoid unwanted tripping. 2) Protection of two incomers where a two-phase fault current ratio may cause one flow to be in the wrong zone. The solutions are to set the directional threshold higher than the short-circuit current or use a three-phase directional logic requiring two phases to detect the fault in the operating zone.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
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    of 2

    Wrong operation situation of the Directional Phase Over-current: The standard setting for the angle is 45.

    With such a setting, it exists a ris of non detection or!and un"anted tripping: detection of a fault on the opposite side of a transfor#er $d or D%. This ris of "rong operation can occur on & net"or configurations:

    Protection of 2 transformers in Parallel


    The + phase currents on the ,, side, are in the ration &-,-, The characteristic angle is set for the Directional protection at 45. The highest current is in the expected .one /operating .one for the fault% inco#er, non tripping .one for the safe inco#er0. One of the 1lo"2 currents is on the li#its of the .one. With the data given /cf dra"ing0, it is %et in the tripping .one. The ris is to trip the )oth inco#ers. (ore generall%, the ris exists if the i#pedance of fault% )ranch /3t 4 3f0 is higher than the i#pedance of the safe )ranch /3t 43f 43cc0. 5olution: With a +-phase directional protection, the highest current is al"a%s #easured6 using an 17D(T2 ti#e dela%, the ris of spurious tripping is avoided. 8lse, use a +-phase directional protection and trip "hether at least & phases detect the fault in the .one. 9: & out of + logic used.

    2-phase fault

    This exa#ple is a t%pical configuration on 'tilit% (ain su)station in '*.

    Protection of 2 Incomers
    This fault is ;uite si#ilar fro# the previous one. Onl% the values change. The + currents seen )% the directional protection are in the ratio &-,-,. One of the 1lo"2 currents is in the "rong .one, "hether the i#pedance of the fault% )ranch /3t 4 3l0 is higher than the short-circuit i#pedance, "hich is often the case. <onse;uence : spurious tripping of one or )oth inco#ers. 5olution : 5et up the threshold of the directional higher than the &-phase short-circuit current at the secondar% side. 8lse, set up the angle at +=. 8lse #ore, use a +-phase directional protection and trip if &phases at least are detecting the fault in the .one.

    2-phase fault

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