Chapter 9 : Rational Exponents & Roots

Standards:
2.0 Students understand and use such operations taking a
root, and raising to a fractional power. They
understand and use the rules of exponents.
12.0 Students simplify fractions with polynomials in the
numerator and denominator by factoring both and
reducing them to the lowest terms.
Lesson 9.6
Lesson 9.6: Equations with Radicals
Objectives:
Within the learning period, I will be able to
1. Solve equations containing radicals.
2. Graph simple square root and cube root equations in
two variables.
Squaring Property of Equality
If both sides of an equation are squared, the solutions to the
original equation are solutions to the resulting equation.
If the solution does not work, then it is an
extraneous solution, a false solution.
This is the reason why you MUST
always check all solutions!!
EXAMPLE: SOLVE FOR X.
3 = x
( )
2
2
3 = x
9 = x
**Use this idea to solve the radical equations.
**
Dont forget
to check your
solutions!!
EXAMPLE: SOLVE FOR Y.
0 5
4
= y
5
4
= y
5
4
= y
( )
4
4
4
5 = y
625 = y
Dont forget
to check your
solutions!!
MORE EXAMPLES
243 3 ) (
3
4
= x a
81
3
4
= x
4
3
4
3
3
4
81 =
|
|
.
|

\
|
x
( )
3
4
81 = x
( )
3
3 = x
27 = x
Dont forget to
check your
solutions!!
6 4 8 2 ) ( = + x b
10 8 2 = + x
( )
2
2
10 8 2 = + x
100 8 2 = + x
92 2 = x
46 = x
MORE EXAMPLES
0 2 2 12 ) ( = x x c 0 2 3 28 4 ) ( = + x x d
x x 2 2 12 =
( ) ( )
2 2
2 2 12 x x =
x x 4 2 12 =
x 6 12 =
x = 2
Dont forget
to check your
solutions!!
x x 2 3 28 4 = +
( ) ( )
2 2
2 3 28 4 x x = +
x x 2 9 28 4 - = +
x x 18 28 4 = +
x 14 28=
x = 2
MORE EXAMPLES
x x e 2 4 ) ( =
( ) ( )
2
2
2 4 x x =
( )( ) x x x 2 4 4 =
x x x 2 16 8
2
= +
0 16 10
2
= + x x
Factor this to solve!
( )( ) 0 2 8 = x x
0 8= x 0 2 = x
8 = x
2 = x
) 8 ( 2 4 8 =
) 2 ( 2 4 2 =
16 4 =
4 4 =
4 2 =
2 2 =
Only use
the positive
answers
when
checking
solutions.
Solution
Since the root of
x=2 does not check,
it is called an
extraneous solution.
Dont forget to check
your solutions!
5 n 2 = 19n29 +3
(5 n 2)
2
= ( 19n 29 + 3)
2
Square each side
25n 50 =19n29+ 6 19n 29 +9
6n 30 =6 19n29
Combine like terms
n 5= 19n 29
Divide by 6
(n 5)
2
= ( 19n 29)
2
Square each side again
n
2
10n +25 =19n 29
MORE EXAMPLES
n
2
29n +54 =0
n 27 ( )(n2) = 0
n = 27 n = 2
Check: n=2
5 n 2 = 19n29 +3
5 2 2 = 19(2) 29 + 3
5 0 = 3829 +3
0 = 9 + 3
0 = 6
Since the root of
x=2 does not check,
it is called an
extraneous solution.
5 n 2 = 19n29 +3
Check #2: n = 27
5 27 2 = 19(27) 29 + 3
5 25 = 513 29 +3
55 =22 +3
25 =25
Therefore, the solution is n=27.
To solve an equation with a radical expression, you need to
isolate the variable on one side of the equation.
x + 5 = x 6
x x 6 = 5
x(1 6) = 5
Factor out the GCF
x =
5
1 6
x =
5
1 6

1 + 6
1 + 6
Multiply by conjugate
x =
5 5 6
1 6
x =
5 5 6
5
or x = 1 + 6
MORE EXAMPLES
Dont forget to check your work.
x + 5 = x 6
1+ 6 + 5= (1+ 6) 6
6 + 6 = 6 +6
x =
5 5 6
5
or x = 1 + 6
Since
Substitute the value of x to the equation
problem
A radical equation can also be solved graphically.
Example: PS 9.6 #81
3
3
+ = x y
Note: The cube root of a positive no is positive, cube root of a negative
number is negative.
x y
-27 -3 + 3 = 0
-8 -2 + 3 = 1
-1 -1 + 3 = 2
0 0 + 3 = 3
1 1 + 3 = 4
8 2 + 3 = 5
27 3 + 3 = 6

Individual Practice/Homework

Problem Set 9.6, TB pp. 577-579
Multiples of 4 (4, 8, , 92)