, 40 , 2008 , 197-219

(Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

ADHD)(American
Psychiatric Association [APA], 2000) ADHD
2007 6

Medline PsycInfo
Medline PsycInfo
()ADHD

ADHD

ADHD
ADHD
ADHD
(Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
ADHD)(American Psychiatric
Association [APA], 2000) ADHD 5
2007 6

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 40

ADHD

ADHD 1996 ADHD

()
ADHD
ADHD

2007 2

1966 (2007 6 ) Medline

PsycInfo ADHD
(hyperkinetic disorder)

Medline PsycInfo
()ADHD

ADHD (1) (2)

(3) (4) (5) (6)
(7)

DSM-IV-TR (APA, 2000) ADHD 3~5%

4:1 9:1 1990
9.9%(Wang, Chong, Chou, &
Yang , 1993) 2002 7~12

8.4%
- 198 -

:: 29.5:14.5:1(
2002a) 2003
ADHD 6.3%(
2003)2006

(SNAP-IV)(CBCL) SNAP-IV
7.09~12.04%(2006)

ADHD 6.3~12.04%(DSM-IV-TR) 3~5%

ADHD
(APA)
4 (DSM-IV)

ADHD 2.5%(2006)
17
ADHD 5.4%(
2007) Conners
ADHD 12.7%(2006)
ADHD
3~5%
ADHD

ADHD
1% 20%(DSM ICD)

ADHD
(Bird,
2002)

ADHD

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 40

ADHD (oppositional defiant

disorder)(conduct disorder)(APA, 2000)

ADHD 1 SCL-90-R
ADHD ADHD
(Chang & Chuang, 2000)(2)ADHD
(Huang, Chen, Li, Wu, Chao, & Guilleminault, 2004; Gau, 2006; Gau et
al.,2007)(3) ADHD ()

(
2002b)(4) 2114
ADHD(Yen, Ko, Yen, Wu, & Yang,
2007)(5)()
20.3%22.7%14.8%
ADHD(Gau, Chong, Chen, &
Cheng, 2005)(6)ADHD
(water intoxication) (Lin, & Tsau, 2005)(7) ADHD
ADHD (Chang, Chen, & Huang, 2007)(8)ADHD
(Cheng, Hsu, Hsu, Hwang, & Yang, 2004)
ADHD
ADHD
(2006)ADHD

ADHD
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Chen (2003) 110 ADHD

DAT1 (Dopamine transporter gene) ADHD
DAT1 ADHD HuangLinWuChao Chen(2003)
98 ADHD 154
DRD2(dopamine D2 receptor) ADHD Brooks 2005
DRD4 ADHD
Brooks
ADHD DRD4(dopamine D4 receptor)
Xu (2005) 197 ADHD
212 ADHD 5-HTT(serotonin transporter gene
polymorphisms) ADHD Brooks (2006)
ADHD DAT1 DAT1
LungYangCheng Kao(2006)
57 ADHD 187
MAO-A Xu (2007) 12 ADHD
MAO-Amonoamine oxidase ADHD
QianWangZhouYang Faraone(2004)
202 340 ADHD 226
ADHD DRD4 DAT1
ADHD (2005)
COMT(catechel-o-methytransferase) 79 ADHD
(2006) 84 ADHD
MAO DXS7 X
Xp11.4-p21 Xq23 ADHD

ADHD

ADHD

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 40

(2003) ADHD
ADHD

ADHD ADHD

(covert shift of attention)

(sustained attentional system)
(Chen et al., 2002)(2002) ADHD
ADHD
ADHD

(2000) 10 ADHD
9
2.5 80 82
ADHD

ADHD

ADHD
(1993) ADHD
ADHD
(1995) ADHD
ADHD
ADHD
ADHD
ADHD ADHD
ADHD
(1996)
ADHD
- 202 -

(2000) ADHD
ADHD
ADHD
4
(1995) ADHD ADHD
ADHD
(1998)ADHD
(2005) DBDRS(Barkley &
Murphy, 1998) ADHD
(DBDRS)
(p<.05)
(2005) 7 8 ADHD 48 75%

ADHD

LiCopeland Martin(1995) 131 ADHD

70
ADHD
68%Lin Chung(2002)
100 ADHD

YangJongChung Chen(2004)
6-11 ADHD 21
/
(
- 203 -

 40

)Gau(2007) 375
ADHD 750
ADHD
ADHD
(2006)
() 15
ADHD 24
ADHD
(2005)
ADHD 6 ADHD
ADHD
(2003)
ADHD 280 111
ADHD ADHD
ADHD
ADHD ADHD ADHD
ADHD
(2005a2005b
2007)
Lam Yang(2007) 1429 13 17
ADHD ADHD
ADHD Norvilitis Fang(2005)
(328 )(226 ) ADHD

(1996)
ADHD ADHD

(2000)

- 204 -

ADHD
(2000) ADHD
ADHD 28
ADHD 28
() ADHD
(2001)

ADHD SNAP-IV CBCL(CAP)

(HSQ)(SSQ)(Yang & Schaller, 1997; Yang ,
Schaller, & Parker, 2000; Huang, Chao, Tu, Kuo & Yang, 2004
2006Wu et al., 2007)

ADHD
ADHD ADHD
ADHD ADHD
(20002003
20042004Wu et al., 2007)
(Li & Wang, 2000
Jiang & Lu, 2001Lou & Li, 20022006
2007Quian & Wang, 2007)
ADHD

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 40

(2002
20032003)(2005)
ADHD

(1) methylphenidate
ADHD
(2004Yang, Chung,
Chen, & Chen, 2004Gau, Shen, Soong, & Gau, 2006Huang, Chao, Wu, Chen, &
Chen2007)(2)(
1998Chang, Tsou, Shen, Wong, & Chao, 2004)(3)
(
19972001)
(4)
(2001)(5)

(Huang, Chao, Tu, & Yang

2003)(6)
(Chang, Chang, & Shih,
2007)(7) ADHD
(20032004
2006)
ADHD
(methylphenidate)(
20052006Liu & Wang,
2007Wang et al., 2007)
(20002002
20022003200420042005
- 206 -

2005) ADHD
ADHD
ADHD

Barkley(19972006) ADHD

ADHD

ADHD

ADHD

Halperin & Schulz (2006) ADHD

ADHD
ADHD

Halperin & Schulz ADHD

(1)(basal ganglia)(midbrain)
(dopamine system) ADHD(2)
(hindbrain noradrenergic)(arousal)(alerting)
(activation)
ADHD(3)

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 40

ADHDHalperin & Schulz (subcortex)

ADHD
ADHD

ADHD
ADHD
Halperin & Schulz
ADHD (1)
(2)

ADHD ADHD
Halperin & Schulz(2006)

ADHD

2003 ADHD
ADHD (
, 2004) ADHD
(Huang, Huang, & Chao, 2007) ADHD
ADHD
ADHD ADHD
(

- 208 -

(2007)
31 1 102-103
(2003) ADHD
18 21-54
(1993)

(2005)
ADHD

(2000)
(ADHD)

(2006)
X ()28 1 26-30
(2005)
-O-()32 8
784-788
(2002)

(2002)

(2000)

(2004)
17 1 57-74
(2006)
101 17-24
(2004)
17 1 1-23
(2000)

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 40

(2003)
/

(2005)

(1995)

(2003)
21 73-79
(2001)

(1998)

(2006)

Chinese Journal Of Clinical Psychology, 14(6),

572-574.
(2003)
25 147-171
(2006)
()16 1 149-153
(2003)

15 163-167
(1996)

(2004) Methylphenidate
18
136-141
(1996)

(2005)5

13 4 480-482
- 210 -

(2000)WISC-
47 2
91-110
(2003)

(2004)

(2005)
1 124-137
(2001)
15 1 62-70
(2002)

(2004)

(2005)

(2003)

(2000)
ADHD ADHD

(2000)

42 2 233-252
()(2000)Barkley, R. A. & Murphy, K. R() (1998)

(2004)

(2005)

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 40

(2003)
17 2 110-117
(1995)

(1997)
10 2
83-101
(2006)
8 21-38
(2007)< ADHD >
()15 23-25
(2006)

()14 2 207-208
(2002a)
16 202-212
(2002b)

22 19-26
2006
14 140-142
(2006)
Swanson, Nolan, and Pelham, Version IV (SNAP-IV)
20 4 290-304
(2006)
()28 415-417
(1998)
16 269-289
(2007)
20 75-104
(2005a)
ADHD 18 1-22
(2005b)
ADHD
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28 167-190
(2005)/

(2001)
19 1-8
(2004)

6 219-234
(2002)

6 6 815-821
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2007 12 24

2008 7 25

2008 11 10

()

80761 100

073215422 20
E-mailhlhuang@kmu.edu.tw

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Research in Applied Psychology, No. 40, Winter 2008, 197-219

Review of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder(ADHD)

Research in Taiwan
Huey-Ling Huang
Department of Psychology
Kaohsiung Medical University
The clinical picture of attention deficit hyperactivity
disorder(ADHD) is inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. Five
databases were searched for empirical research on ADHD in Taiwan,
including the National Central Library National Digit Library in
Taiwan, Electronic Theses and Dissertations System in Taiwan,
Chinese Electronic Periodical Services (CEPS), Medline, and PsycInfo.
Moreover, some empirical research participants on ADHD were
Chinese (mainly, China) in CEPS, Medline, PsychInfo, and these were
also discussed for comparison.
A review of the literature showed: (1) the range of prevalence was
too wide, (2) the types of comorbidities and accompanying problems
were too many, (3) many genes were related to ADHD, but most were
of uncertain value, (4) many rating scales were reliable and validated,
but the discriminality of standardized tests for ADHD were unfair, and
(5) there were too many treatments, although all treatments were
effective. All of these results show ADHD as heterogeneous such that
researching ADHD in Taiwan was increasingly difficult. Finally, future
avenues of research is discussed as well as how the heterogeneity of
ADHD can be reduced from a neurodevelopmental perspective. All
contents of the research will be very different.
Keywords: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder(ADHD),
neurodevelopment

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