Article Summary 2 Outline

Name: Azia Ludwig Presentation Date : 03/24/12

Find an article relating to biological anthropology from a scientific peer-reviewed journal and complete the first (Original source) and second (Reflection) parts of the outline. Find a second source related to your first and complete the third part of the outline (Related source). This may be a popular review of the original source. Limited responses will not receive full credit. More detailed instructions and links to resources are posted in Canvas. This outline should be completed and turned in on the day you present to the class and it will be used for grading the assignment. Additionally, submit the summary portions only in Canvas. No late work will be accepted.

Pts.

1. Original source: PLOS, Public Library of Science .5 ____ a. Title: Developmental Programming Mediated by Complementary Roles of Imprinted Grb10 in Mother and Pup .5 ____ b. Author(s): Michael Cowley, Alastair S. Garfield, Marta Madon-Simon, Marika Charalambous, Richard W. Clarkson, Matthew J. Smalley, Howard Kendrick, Anthony R. Isles, Aled J. Parry, Sara Carney, Rebecca J. Oakey, Lora K. Heisler, Kim Moorwood, Jason B. Wolf, Andrew Ward .5 ____ c. Authors credentials: Michael Cowley is a professor at Monash University, He is the director of MODI (Monash Obesity and Diabetes Institute). Alastair S. Garfield, PhD works at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center. Marta Madon-Simon, PhD student at University of Bath ,Marie Curie Fellow at University of Bath and a Volunteer at the Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology. Marika Charalambous, Lecturer at Queen Mary, University of London, Postdoctoral Researcher at University of Cambridge. Research Associate at Molecular Medicine, University College London and PhD and early work at University of Bath. Richard W. Clarkson PhD, works at Cardiff University, the European Cancer stem cell research institute. Matthew J. Smalley works at Cardiff University, the European Cancer stem cell research institute. Howard Kendrick Anthony R. Isles works at Cardiff University, Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences

Aled J. Parry Sara Carney Rebecca J. Oakey helped write Genomic Imprinting in Mammals: Emerging Themes and Established Theories and published on PLOS. Lora K. Heisler is Chair in Human Nutrition at Rowett Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Aberdeen. Kim Moorwood is a research assistant at University of Bath Jason B. Wolf is a Professor of Evolutionary Genetics at the University of Bath Andrew Ward PhD works at Scripps Research Institute

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d. Source (complete reference) Cowley, Michael, Alastair S. Garfield, Marta Madon-Simon, Marika Charalambous, Richard W. Clarkson, Matthew J. Smalley, Howard Kendrick, Anthony R. Isles, Aled J. Parry, Sara Carney, Rebecca J. Oakey, Lora K. Heisler, Kim Moorwood, Jason B. Wolf, Andrew Ward. "Developmental Programming Mediated by Complementary Roles of Imprinted Grb10 in Mother and Pup ." PLOS. (2014): n. page. Web. 30 Mar. 2014. <http://www.plosbiology.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pbio.1001799 e. Summary (note that the summary length should be commensurate with the article length and should be in narrative (paragraph) format and that an in-text citation is required). This summary should identify the research topic, hypothesis, methods, results, and conclusion: In this, article scientists use a mouse to investigate the gene Grb10. This gene Grb10 is a key mediator of developmental programming, controlling supply and demand of nutrients in the postnatal period and influencing growth and body composition; Specifically, we find that Grb10 determines the proportions of lean and fat tissue during development, and that this is dependent on the combined actions of Grb10 in the mother and offspring (Cowley, 2014). The hypothesis that was being tested was predicting and identifying the offspring adult behaviors or genetic mishaps through the gene Grb10 of the mother. Method that were used in testing of the mice were through embryos growth, DXA(dualemission X-ray absorptiometry), Mammary Gland Morphology, Gene-Trap Cassette Mapping, and Allele-Specific Expression of Grb10 (Cowley, 2014). Results found in the testing of the mice were that some of the mice were disproportionate growth can also be a risk factor for adult disease (Cowley, 2014). The conclusion of this article is the gene Grb10 does play a significant role from the mother to the offspring of mice.

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f. Critical evaluation (what makes this source credible? Why should this information be believed?):

I do believe the source is credible because of the authors backgrounds and the background of PLOS. In addition, all of the authors had a roll in the writing and experimenting of this article. 1 ____ g. Relevance to biological anthropology: The relevance to biological anthropology is through genetics and the testing of genes. h. Other disciplines touched upon: Other disciplines touched on are molecular anthropology, biology, chemists, and medicine. i. Synthesis i. In one sentence, summarize the main point of the article: the take-away message. The gene Grb10 plays a vital role in mice in growth and development.

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2. Reflection a. Which part of this assignment was most difficult and why? The hardest part of this assignment was learning what a peer-reviewed article was. Also finding the writers credential. With so many authors with average names, it was difficult finding credentials. Lastly is choosing a topic. b. Identify at least one question you have after reading the original article and explain how you could go about finding an answer. The question I have is how was the gene Grb10 was identified as the gene the helps determine the growth success of an offspring. To find this answer I would start searching genetic coding in mice.

c. Reflect on how the critical evaluation process impacted your opinion on the article. The Critical evaluations made me look into the author and looks into the sources that authors use. d. How might the information in the article be useful in the future? This might be answered very broadly such as how an understanding of larger biological principles might be useful. I think this information will be helpful in the future for understanding genetics. Genetics essentially make up everything, and just a little part of the gene makes a huge difference in what we inherit.

3. Related source .5 ____ a. Title: Small molecule makes brain cancer cells collapse and diet. .5 ____ b. Author(s): Ashley Yeager .5 ____ c. Authors credentials: Author/journalist for Science News

d. Complete reference Yeager, Ashley. "Small molecule makes brain cancer cells collapse and die." Science News. (2014): n. page. Web. 24 Mar. 2014. <https://www.sciencenews.org/blog/science-ticker/small-molecule-makes-braincancer-cells-collapse-and-die>. 3 ____ e. Summary (note that the summary length should be commensurate with the article length and should be in narrative (paragraph) format and that an in-text citation is required): This is a brief article on the small molecule known as Vacquinol-1. The molecule makes the glioblastoma tumor cells draw in material from outside its walls into bags called vacuoles, bringing in a lot of these bags causes the cells' outer walls to collapse, which kills the cells (Yeager). This testing was done on mice.

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f. Critical evaluation (what makes this source credible? Why should this information be believed?): I find this source to be credible due to the fact that is it on the online site of Science News. g. Relevance to chosen article: I chose this article because of the testing done for both research on mice genes and on brain cancer cells. Research that is applied, allows there to be many solutions for the many question and problems that comes from humans. The endless research creates more knowledge for the human body.

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