Metamerism (segmented body):

specialized body regions for special

functions (tagmatization)
Exoskeleton: chiton in procuticle for
protection and support.
Covered in waterproof epicuticle
Paired, jointed appendages
Ecdysis (molting)
Sclerotization: hardening of exoskeleton
Ventral nervous system
Ectotherms
Heat from the outside

Reduced coelom
Open circulatory system
Complete digestive tract
Metamorphosis: reduces competition
between immature and adult stages
Subphylum Chelicerata
Pincerlike mouth parts
Spiders, mites, ticks, horseshoe crabs and
sea spiders
2 tagmata
Prosomoa/cephalothorax
Sensation, feeding, and locomotion
opisthosoma
Horseshoe crabs
Book gills for respiration
Spiders, mites, ticks, scorpions
Most are carnivores
Coxal glands/ Malpighian tubules for
excretion (MT cons water)
Book lungs
Spiracles: openings to the outside
Trachea: tube system

Open circulatory system

Sensilla
Pegs, bristles, or lenses in exoskeleton
Oviparous
Lay eggs (most arthropods)
Oviviparaous
Internal egg
Viviparous
Mother provides nourishment for embryos
Jaws
Crustacea (crabs), hexapods (insects),
myriapoda (millipedes)
Labrum and Labium
Sensory lips
Crayfish, shrimp, lobsters, crabs,
barnacles
Mostly aquatic
2 pairs of antennae
Unusual b/c they are sessile.
Shrimp, crayfish, lobsters, crabs
Draw Figure 14.19 on page 238 in the
textbook
Describe the function of each part

Carapace: Covers the cephalotorax

Pleopods: swimmeretes
Carry developing eggs
Create water currents
Antennal Glands/Green Glands
Excretory
Ammonia (toxic but quickly diluted in the
water)

Myriad: ten thousand
Podus: foot

Terrestrial

Millipedes & centipedes
Diplopoda: millipedes
Detrivores, scavengers

Chilopoda: centipedes
Predators
1
st
trunk appendages: poison claws

Hexa: six
Podus: foot

Class Insecta
Insects

Most successful land animals but are
found EVERYWHERE.
3 tagmata
Head, thorax, abdomen
Wings attach to thorax.
Trachael tubes & Spiracles
Terrestrial
Malpighian tubules
Uric acid

Create a KIM diagram using figures 15.12
and 15.13 from pg 258 in your text.

Hemimetabalous
Hemi: half
Egg, nymph, adult
Ex: Roaches
Holometabolous
Holo: whole
Egg, larva, pupa, adult
Ex: meal worms, housefly