ARTHROPODS

Chapter 31
ARTHROPODS
 Invertebrateswith bilateral
symmetry, coelom,
exoskeleton, jointed
appendages, and segmented
bodies
Advantages of jointed
appendages
 Allows more powerful
movements
 variety of uses: sensing,
feeding, mating
Advantage/disadvantge of
exoskeleton
 Made of chitin
 protects, supports, attaches muscles
 must molt to grow
 gets heavier as it gets larger; largest
arthropods in water due to
bouyancy
Organization of segmented
bodies
 Fused segments into 3 regions:
head, thorax, abdomen - Uniramians
 Fused segments into 2 regions:
cephalothorax, abdomen -
Crustaceans, arachnids
 Many segments - diplopods
Respiration
 Spiracles (holes) attached to
branching tracheal tubes -
Uniramians
 book lungs/gills - Arachnids
 gills - Crustaceans
Irritability
 Ventral nerve cord, primitive
brain
 Antennae
 compound, simple eyes
 detect chemicals, sounds,
movement, pheromones (social)
Circulation
 Dorsal blood vessel
 heart
 open circulation
Digestion
 Complete
 mandibles (jaws for chewing)
 Sucking mouthparts
 varied mouthparts = varied
foods = less competition =
success
Excretion
 Malpighian tubules -
terrestrial
 Green gland - aquatic
Reproduction
 Separate sexes
 parthenogenesis
 Metamorphosis

• Complete - 4 stages - egg,

larva, pupa, adult
• Incomplete - 3 stages - egg,
nymph, adult
Evolution
 From annelids -
(segmentation)
 Trilobytes - extinct
Importance
 Pollinators
 parasites
 productproducers (honey,
wax, reseach, silk)
Arachnida (chelicerates)
 Spiders, ticks, scorpions,
horse-shoe crab
 2 body regions, 8 legs
 chelicerae - pincers, fangs
 pedipalps - food handling
 spinnerets - not all spin webs
Crustaceans
 Crabs, shrimp, lobsters,
barnacles
 Gills, mandibles, 2 pr.
Antennae, compound eyes, 5
prs. walking legs,
Uniramians
 Insects
3 body segments, 6 legs
 metamorphosis