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Earth Systems Test: Processes that Shape the Earth
For #1 - 12: Match the vocabulary word with its correct definition
1. Pangaea a. A sudden and violent shaking of
Earth, caused by movements within the
crust or volcanism
2. Topography b. The instrument used to detect and
record earthquakes
3. Seismograph c. Slow but steady movement of
continents across the Earths surface
4. Mid Ocean Ridge d. A massive sea wave brought on by an
undersea volcanic eruption or seaquake
5. Continental Drift e. Hypothetical supercontinent with all
the landmasses currently on Earth
6. Earthquake f. the arrangement of the natural and
artificial physical feature of an area
7. Plate g. Melted rock under the surface of
the Earth
8. Subduction h. Surface along which rocks break and
move
9. Magma i. Sideways and downward movement of
a plate of the earth's crust into the
mantle beneath another plate
10. Tsunami j. Area between two divergent plates
where magma rises and forms areas of
increased elevation on the ocean floor

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11. Transform boundary k. Earth's outermost layer, which
varies in thickness from about 5km to
60km

12. Crust l. When plates slide against each other
in a sideways motion

For #13-22: Write down TRUE or FALSE for each statement.
13. Divergent boundaries happens when two plates move towards each other.

14. The crust is the largest layer of the Earth.

15. Latitude is the distance in degrees east or west of the Prime Meridian.

16. A mountain is a type of landform.

17. The Earth is 6 billion years old.

18. A composite volcano is a broad, dome-shaped volcano with gentle slopes.

19. People can use seismographs to detect both earthquakes and tsunamis.

20. The hydrosphere does not include lakes.

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21. Plateaus do not have level surfaces.

22. Tsunamis are called natural disasters, but do not cause much damage.

For #23-38, choose the best answer.

23. Which of the following is NOT a way to detect a volcanic eruption?
a. Using a tiltmeter
b. Using satellites
c. Using seismographs
d. Using steam engines
24. How many continents are there on Earth?
a. One
b. Two
c. Six
d. Seven
25. What measures the rating of an earthquake's magnitude based on the size of
the earthquake's seismic waves?
a. Seismic scale
b. Weighing scale

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c. Richter scale
d. Mercalli scale
26. We have learned about many volcanoes in this section. Mt. Saint Helens
erupted explosively. What kind of volcano is it?
a. Composite volcano
b. Bomber volcano
c. Cinder-cone volcano
d. Shield volcano
27. Where do most tsunamis occur?
a. Atlantic Ocean
b. Indian Ocean
c. Arctic Ocean
d. Pacific Ocean
28. A new mountain range is formed. On what plate boundaries, did this occur?
a. Transform plate boundaries
b. Subducted plate boundaries
c. Divergent plate boundaries
d. Convergent plate boundaries
29. Of the following, which does the DART system not do?
a. Detect seismic activity
b. Warn people about tsunamis

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c. Detect changes in water pressure
d. Barricade coastal areas
30. Natural disasters include all of the following EXCEPT:
a. Tsunamis
b. Volcanos
c. Hurricanes
d. Deforestation
31. Every day, approximately how many earthquakes shake up Earth?
a. One
b. Ten
c. A hundred
d. Hundreds
32. Where is the mid-ocean ridge?
a. Atlantic Ocean
b. Pacific Ocean
c. Indian Ocean
d. Arctic Ocean
33. What makes up the Earths inner core?
a. Nitrogen
b. Carbon

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c. Hydrogen
d. Iron
34. The Earth is made of four layers. The largest layer of Earth is called what?
a. Outer Core
b. Crust
c. Mantle
d. Inner Core
35. How can humans be harmed by natural disasters?
a. Natural disasters kill humans.
b. Natural disasters destroy property irrevocably.
c. Natural disasters make people homeless forever.
d. Natural disasters fully collapse cities to the point of no return.
36. Which of the following natural hazards are not affected by human activity?
a. Forest fire
b. Tsunami
c. Landslide
d. Drought
37. Subduction is caused by which type of plate boundaries?
a. Transform plate boundaries
b. Divergent plate boundaries

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c. Hydrospheric plate boundaries
d. Convergent plate boundaries
38. All of the following are landforms with high elevation except:
a. Mountains
b. Canyons
c. Plateaus
d. Dunes
For #39-50 Choose the answer that will best fill in the blank.

39. is the distance in degrees from the equator.
a. Longitude
b. Latitude
c. Prime Meridian
d. Magnitude
40. is a scale that rates earthquakes according to the level of
damage at a given place
a. Mercalli scale
b. Richter scale
c. Seismic scale
d. Grade scale
41. is what magma is called when it reaches the surface.

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a. Ash
b. Lava
c. Basaltic magma
d. Obsidian
For 42-47 Refer to the Graph

42. a is ______
43. b is_______
44. c is_______
45. d is_______
46. e is_______
47. f is_______
48. ________ is a valley with steep walls.
a. Canyon
b. Dunes

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c. Island
d. Valley
49. is the all of the water at or near the surface of Earth.
a. Lithosphere
b. Hydrosphere
c. Aquasphere
d. Mersphere
50. _______ the study of solid Earth, the rocks of which it is composed, and the
processes by which they change.
a. Geology
b. Biology
c. Taxidermology
d. Etymology