MOTOR RE-WINDING

WINDING IS THE TERM USED FOR THE ORDERLY ARRANGEMENT

OF COILS IN SLOTS OF ARMATURE. THEY ARE CONNECTED TO
EACH OTHER AND THE SHAPE OF THEIR END CONNECTION. THERE
ARE TWO TYPES OF WINDING COMMONLY USED.
CLOSED COIL WINDING or D.C.ARMATURE WINDING and
OPEN TYPE WINDING or A.C.ARMATURE WINDING.
IN BOTH OF THE WINDINGS THE COILS ARE CONNECTED IN
SERIES.
IN A.C. ARMATURE WINDINGS, THE END OF THE FIRST COIL AND
LAST COIL OR THE BEGINNING OF THE FIRST COIL AND THE
ENDING OF THE LAST COIL IS EPT OPEN, SO THIS IS OPEN COIL
WINDING.
IN D.C. ARMATURE WINDING, THE ENDING OF THE LAST COIL IS
CONNECTED TO THE BEGINNING OF THE FIRST COIL LIE CLOSE
CIRCUIT. HENCE, IT IS NOWN AS CLOSED COIL WINDING.


TERMS USED IN WINDINGS
!. COIL PITCH
". CONCENTRATED WINDING
#. DISTRIBUTED WINDING
$. WHOLE COIL WINDING
%. HALF COIL WINDING
&. POLE PITCH
MATERIALS USED IN ARMATURE WINDING
!. SINGLE COTTON CO'ERED
". DOUBLE COTTON CO'ERED
#. SINGLE SIL CO'ERED
$. DOUBLE SIL CO'ERED
%. ENAMELLED AND SUPER-ENAMELLED WIRES
&. COTTON TAPE
(. SIL TAPE
). EMPIRE TAPE
*. BLAC ADHESI'E TAPE
!+. EMPIRE CLOTH
!!. EMPIRE SLEE'ING
!". COTTON SLEE'ING
!#. P.'.C. SLEE'ING
!$. LEATHEROID, PRESS BOARD or ELEPHANTIDE
!%. PRESSPHAN
!&. FLE,IBLE MICANITE SHEET OF MICA FOLIUM
!(. RESIN CORED SOLDER
!). SOLDERING PASTE FOR FLU,
!*. 'ARNISH
"+. BINDING THREAD or TWIN THREAD
"!. BAMBOO
"". FIBRE
TYPES OF ARMATURE WINDING
LAP WINDING
TYPES OF LAP WINDING-
!. SIMPLE, LAP WINDING
". DUPLE, LAP WINDING
#. TRIPLE, LAP WINDING
$. .UADRUPLE, LAP WINDING
%. MULTIPLE, WINDING
&. SINGLE RE-ENTRANT MULTIPLE, WINDING
(. DOUBLE RE-ENTRANT MULTIPLE, WINDING
WA'E WINDING
TYPES OF WA'E WINDING-
!. SIMPLE, WA'E WINDING
". MULTIPLE, WA'E WINDING
A/ DUPLE,
B/ TRIPLE,
C/ .UADRUPLE,
D/ SIMPLE, RE-ENTRANT
E/ DOUBLE RE-ENTRANT
F/ PROGRESSI'E
G/ RETROGRESSI'E
A.C.WINDING
IN A.C. WINDING, THE WINDINGS CAN BE DI'IDED ACCORDING TO
THE SHAPE OF THE END TURN.
THEY ARE MAINLY-
!. FLAT LOOP WINDING
". CONCENTRIC WINDING
#. CHAIN WINDING
$. BASET WINDING
%. DIAMOND COIL WINDSING
&. IN'OLUTE COIL WINDING
(. SEW WINDING
). SEEN WINDING
E,CEPT LAST WINDING, THE OTHER WINDINGS ARE FORM WOUND.
THE LAST ONE IS HAND WINDING.
CLASSES OF INSULATION, DEGREES OF
PROTECTION and
TEMPERATURE RATINGS
INSULATION PLAYS A 'ITAL ROLE IN ANY ELECTRICAL OR
ELECTRONIC SYSTEM. IT IS OF PARAMOUNT IMPORTANCE
ONBOARD A SHIP DUE TO THE HARSH EN'IRONMENT THAT
CABLES, THE 'ITAL LIN IN SUCH SYSTEMS, ARE SUB0ECTED TO.
HENCE THE NEED ARISES FOR 'ARIOUS CLASSES, DEPENDING ON
THE TYPE OF E,POSURE.
ON TANERS ALL CABLES MUST BE EITHER LEAD-ALLOY
SHEATHED AND ARMOURED, MINERAL-INSULATED COPPER-
SHEATHED 1THE ENDS MUST BE SHEATHED TO PRE'ENT
MOISTURE FROM BEING ABSORBED BY THE HYGROSCOPIC
INSULATION MATERIAL/ OR NON-MINERAL IMPERMEABLE-
SHEATHED AND WIRE-BRAIDED SO LONG AS THEY ARE LAID IN A
PIPE 1THE CUR'ED SURFACE AREA OF THE WIRE MUST BE LESS
THAN #+2 OF PIPE BORE/.
GLANDS FITTED TO BULHEADS MUST ALLOW FOR E,PANSION
AND BE WEATHER TIGHT3 WATER TIGHT BULHEADS SHOULD
ONLY BE PENETRATED BY A SUITABLE GLAND. CABLES SHOULD
BE LAID AWAY FROM HOT SURFACES AND ALL INSTALLATIONS
MUST BE FLAME PROOF.
THE METAL CASING SHOULD BE ADE.UATELY RUST PROTECTED
AND EARTHED. P'C CONDUITS MUST NOT BE USED IN
REFRIGERATED SPACES OR ON DEC UNLESS SPECIALLY
APPRO'ED. CABLE SHEATHING, UNLESS GAL'ANISED, SHOULD
HA'E A RUST PRE'ENTI'E COATING.
CLASSES OF INSULATION-
!. CLASS A INSULATION
". CLASS E INSULATION
#. CLASS B INSULATION
$. CLASS F INSULATION
%. CLASS H INSULATION

INSULATION FOR TEMPERATURE ABO'E !)+4 C
1#%&4 F/
THESE ARE MATERIALS OR COMBINATION OF MATERIALS WHICH,
BY E,PERIENCE OR ACCEPTED TESTS, CAN RE'EAL THEIR
CAPABILITY TO OPERATE AT TEMPERATURES O'ER !)+4C WILL
ALSO BE CONSIDERED.
THE AGEING OF INSULATION IS A CHEMICAL PROCESS, WHICH IS
RAPIDLY ACCELERATED BY PROLONGED OPERATION AT
E,CESSI'E TEMPERATURES. TO A'OID REDUCING THE SER'ICE
LIFE OF AN ELECTRIC DE'ICE 15.6. A MOTOR/, IT MUST NOT BE
RUN ABO'E ITS RATED CURRENT FOR LONG PERIODS. SHORT
DURATION O'ER LOADS MAY NOT HA'E AN APPRECIABLE
EFFECT ON THE INSULATION. AS A ROUGH GUIDE, FOR E'ERY
!+4C RISE ABO'E THE MA,IMUM RECOMMENDED TEMPERATURE,
THE SER'ICE LIFE OF THE INSULATION WILL BE HAL'ED.
A MA0ORITY OF MARINE E.UIPMENT HAS BEEN INSULATED WITH
CLASS A MATERIALS AND TO A LESSER E,TENT WITH CLASS B,
BUT CLASS E IS ALSO BECOMING POPULAR. HERE, FULL
AD'ANTAGE IS BEING TAEN OF THE SYNTHETICS IN ENAMELS
AND SIMILAR MATERIALS NOW IN USE, WHICH ARE SUITABLE FOR
HIGHER WORING TEMPERATURES. THESE ARE BETTER THAN
THE OLEORESIN ENAMELS WHICH WERE A'AILABLE WHEN THE
LIMITS FOR CLASS A MATERIALS WERE ESTABLISHED.
ENCLOSURES AND RATINGS
MOTOR ENCLOSURES-
ENCLOSURE PROTECTION FOR ELECTRICAL E.UIPMENT IS
DEFINED IN TERMS OF ITS OPPOSITION TO THE INGRESS OF SOLID
PARTICLES AND LI.UIDS. THE ENCLOSURE PROTECTRION IS
DEFINED BY THE INGRESS PROTECTION 1IP/ CODE WHERE A "-
FIGURE NUMBER IS USED TO INDICATE THE DEGREE OF
PROTECTION AGAINST THE INGRESS OF SOLIDS AND LI.UIDS AS
SHOWN BELOW.
DRIP-PROOF OPEN 'ENTILATED MOTORS ARE USED WHERE THE
RIS OF LI.UIDS LEAING FROM O'ERHEAD PIPES AND 'AL'ES
MAY BE A PROBLEM. AIR IS DRAWN INTO THE MACHINE BY AN
INTERNAL FAN TO PRO'IDE COOLING. THE 'ENTILATION DUCTS
ARE FITTED WITH MESH SCREENS TO PRE'ENT ANY OB0ECTS
FROM ENTERING THE MOTOR AND CAUSING DAMAGE. THESE
SCREENS MUST ALWAYS BE EPT CLEAN AND FREE FROM DUST.
OTHERWISE, THE MOTOR WILL O'ERHEAT DUE TO INADE.UATE
'ENTILATION.
WHEN A GREATER DEGREE OF PROTECTION IS RE.UIRED, THE
ENCLOSURE IS MADE 7TOTALLY ENCLOSED FAN 'ENTILATED8
1TEF'/ AND 70ET PROOF8. NO E,TERNAL AIR IS ALLOWED INSIDE
THE MOTOR. TO IMPRO'E HEAT TRANSFER THE MOTOR CASING IS
FINNED TO INCREASE THE SURFACE AREA, AND AIR FLOW
ACROSS THE FINS IS ACHIE'ED BY MEANS OF AN E,TERNAL FAN
AND COWL ARRANGEMENT.
MOTORS LOCATED OUTSIDWE ON WEATHERDECS HA'E DEC
WATERTIGHT ENCLOSURES BUT THE E,TERNAL FAN IS OMITTED
BECAUSE OF THE POSSIBILITY OF ICE FORMATION. DEC
WATERTIGHT MOTORS 1IP%&/ HA'E SEALED BEARINGS AND A
WATERTIGHT TERMINAL BO,. THEY CAN BE COMPLETELY
IMMERSED IN SHALLOW WATER FOR SHORT PERIODS. SEALING
WASHERS ARE FITTED UNDER ALL SCREWS AND A COAT OF
SPECIAL CORROSION RESISTING PAINT IS GENERALLY APPLIED
TO ALL E,TERNAL AND INTERNAL SURFACES.
DEC MOTORS FOR TANERS MUST HA'E A FLAMEPROOF 1E9d/
ENCLOSURE IF THEY ARE WITHIN #: 1$.%: ;or <o:5 <=>?</ OF AN
OIL TAN OUTLET.
MOTOR RATINGS-
THE MOTOR CON'ERTS ELECTRICAL ENERGY TAEN FROM THE
ELECTRIC POWER SUPPLY INTO ROTATIONAL MECHANICAL
ENERGY AT THE MOTOR SHAFT. POWER LOSSES OCCUR DURING
THE ENERGY CON'ERSION WHICH RESULTS IN THE PRODUCTION
OF HEAT IN THE MOTOR. THESE LOSSES INCREASE WHEN THE
LOAD ON THE MOTOR INCREASES BECAUSE THE MOTOR TAES
MORE CURRENT FROM THE SUPPLY.
THE LIFE OF THE INSULATING MATERIALS USED ON MOTOR
WINDINGS DEPENDS ON THE TEMPERATURE AT WHICH IT IS
OPERATED. INSULATING MATERIALS ARE SELECTED FOR MARINE
PRACTICE BASED ON AN AMBIENT TEMPERATURE OF $%4C. AN
ADE.UATE LIFE-SPAN FOR THE INSULATION IS BASED ON THE
ASSUMPTION THAT THE MA,IMUM TEMPERATURE LIMIT IS NOT
E,CEEDED.
MOTOR NAME PLATE DEFINITIONS
THE MOTOR RATING DETAILS ARE SHOWN ON THE MOTOR
NAMEPLATE .
RATED FULL LOAD CURRENT 1FLC/
RATED 'OLTAGE
RATED FRE.UENCY
POWER RATING
RATED SPEED
IP NUMBER
THE FOLLOWING CHECS ARE DONE ON MOTORS WHEN
RECEI'ING AFTER RE-WINDING-
A.C.MOTOR-
!/ C=5@A In<BCaD>on and @onD>nB>DE o; D=5 <DaDor
F>nd>n6<.
"/ C=5@A R5<><Dan@5 GaCB5 o; D=5 ?=a<5 F>nd>n6< ;or
HaCan@>n6.
#/ TBrn D=5 roDor and @=5@A >D >< aH<oCBD5CE ;r55.
$/ I; ;a@>C>DE >< aGa>CaHC5 ;or D5<D>n6 >n FI<=o?, @onn5@D >D
Do ?oF5r
<B??CE and DrE oBD D=5 ?5r;or:an@5.
D.C.MOTOR-
!/ C=5@A In<BCaD>on and @onD>nB>DE o; D=5 F>5Cd and
Ar:aDBr5
F>nd>n6<.
"/ C=5@A D=5 Co::BDaDor and @arHon HrB<=5<
#/ C=5@A D=5 <?r>n6 ?r5<<Br5 on D=5 @arHon HrB<=.
$/ TBrn D=5 ar:aDBr5 and @=5@A D=5 ar:aDBr5 >< ;r55.
%/ I; ;a@>C>DE >< aGa>CaHC5 ;or D5<D>n6 D=5 :oDor >n FI<=o?,
@onn5@D >D
Do ?oF5r <B??CE and DrE oBD D=5 ?5r;or:an@5.