ENG.

BADRI

.1

-1
.
-2
.
-3
.
-4 .
-5
.
-6

.
-7 .
-8
.
-9

.
-10 .
.2

(1

 ENG.BADRI
(2
(3
(4
(5

.3
(1
(2
(3
(4
(5
.4

/ 4
) (ditch
.
.5

-1 /5 -2
-3
.6

/6
1000
) (v -:
3000
-:
(1 )( denese concrete
(2 )(%25-10
(3 )( super plasticizers
2

 ENG.BADRI
(4
(5
(6

.7

-1 /7 )33-5(
32 ) ( deck slab
26
60 10
60 15
%90 40
.8

/8
.9

5 -/+160

/9

5-/+145

.10

/10
%4
.11

/11 %5

.12 ACI
/12

 ENG.BADRI
.13
/13
.14 A-2-4 & A-4
200
(A-2-4 granular materials( silt or clay gravel &sand 14/
Well graded material pass #200 35% max
A-4 SILTY CLAY POOR TO FAIR SOIL PASS#200 36% MIN
.15 F.M
F.M
/ 15 ) ( numerical no
) ( 301-2.3

) (100+50+30+16+8+4 100

.16 LOSS of stability

BBC&BWC
/16
24
60
%25
.17 Rutting Raveling

( RUTTING) /17
-:
-1
-2
-3
-4
5
-6 %7.5
(
-7 ) ( SOFTING POINT ) 90-75
)( 60/70
85
-8
8 %90
4

 ENG.BADRI
: -:
(1
(2
)(40/50
(3
(4 )( Rutting 5
.
) ( RAVELING
-:
.1
.2
.3
.4 )( OVER HEATING
.5
.6
.7 ( NON-STRPPING) %95
.8
)(Sandmix
.18 aggregate
-1 /18 %40
-2 ) ( SOUNDNESS
%12 %10
-3 )( FRIABLE %1

-4 ) F.M )2.3-3.1
-5 ) soft fragment& shale's( %5

( thin& elonged particles) -6 %15

-7 ( ( S.E % 75
-8 ) ( lighter
-9

) (

 ENG.BADRI

.19 workability
/19

-:
-1
-2 )( admixture
-3
-4 )( surface texture
.20 coating& strip
( strip) /20
%5

) ( coating
%95

.21 A3 %90


/21 %70
%90 ) completely
( dry

) ) low amplitude high frequency

(14000 100 (

 ENG.BADRI
%15 /23 4
%50 %7.5
.22


/24
-1
-2
-3
-4

.23

(1

-1
-2
-3

-4
-5
7

 ENG.BADRI
-6


(2

(3
(4
(5

(6

(7

(8

(9
(10

(11

(12



.24
(1
(2 )
( STANDARD
8

 ENG.BADRI
(3

.25

(1
(2 )( x-sec


(3
) ( shop drawing

.26 30
20
/28


.27 A-1-a A-1-b
/29
(1 ) ( grave l &sand %35>200

( P.I=6MAX) (2
FOR(A-1-a) pass#200=15max&A-1-b =25max (3
.28
200 A3&A-2-4
/30 ) (sieve analysis )P.I
(
A-2-4 pass#200=35max p.i=10max
A3 pass#200=10% p.i=0
9

 ENG.BADRI

.29 190


/31 ) ( sandmix

.30 CBR
/32
(1 )( ABC&S.GR&SUB BASE
.31 proctor
/33

.32 compaction
p.i
)( Embankment

/34

(1 %90

(2 )60( %95

(3 )( A5 )(A-1a
)( Sub.grade
(1 %98
95% (2
(3 )( A-2-4&A-1-b&A-1-a
A-1-a&A-1-b P.I = 6MAX/ A2-4&A4&A5 P.I=10MAX (4

10

 ENG.BADRI
.33
ABC&BBC&BWC

/35
.1
S.E =45% min .2
Abrasion = 45% max .3
Soundness = 12% max .4
CBR 100&80&65 due to max size 2 &11/2&1inch .5
L.L =25 max .6
P.I=6 max .7
.8 8 %90

soft thin elongated not more than 8% .9

.10 200 1/2
4

Soundness = 10% max .1

Abrasion = 10 % max .2
Agg. 95% non strip .3
Friable particle .25% max .4
S.E 45% min .5 %10
.6 2.36) 8( %90

.7 2.65
.8 %7.5
.9 ) (M.F
0.6=30
11

 ENG.BADRI
SOFTING POINT= 75-90 85 .10 75
10
)(40/50

.34

Los by abrasion = 40% max .1
Sodium soundness of F.A = 10% max .2
Sodium soundness of C.A =12% max .3
Friable particles C.A& F.A = 1% max .4
S.E = 75% min .5
F.M = 2.3 3.1 RANGE0.2 .6
Soft fragment &shale's = 5% max .7
Thin& elongated particles = 15%max .8
.9
.35 capping
/37 ) (P.I

.36
/39
%10 %20
.37 ) (.R.I I

/39 1.6/

)1.6/(


.38
/40 )
(
.39 Sand equivalent

12

 ENG.BADRI
/41
4

) ( swelling

.40 RD
/42



) %70 ( %76
%70 )( loose
.41 graduation sieve analysis
/43 ) ( graduation

.42 )
(BBC&BWC&ABC&Sbgrade&embankment
/44
Gmb/Gmm= 92-95% for BBC .1
BWC 91-94% for .2
SUB.GRADE 98% MODFIED PROCTOR .3
(EMBK (90-95% .4
.43
/45
.1
.2 )( SLUMP
.3 ) ( STRENGTH 7 28 +
13

 ENG.BADRI

.44 borrow bit

.1 )( SIEVE ANALYSIS
.2
C.B.R .3
.4 ) ( P.I
.45 130
.1
.2
.3
.4 ) ( CORE
90
.46 CBR
, 10,30,65
.1 )( CBR
.47
(1 20
.
(2
15 15
(3 ) ( B.SG 20

(4

(5
30
.48
14

 ENG.BADRI


.49

(1 )60(

(2

(3
.50

.51






.52


) ( S.STIK

.53
15

 ENG.BADRI
(1


(2

(3

.54

.1

.2

.55
(1

(2

.56

.57
3.6

25

.58



.59

16

 ENG.BADRI

.60

.61
(1
(2
(3

.62


.63


44
(BBC ( VV=5-8 (1
(BWC ( VV= 4-7 (2
(3 ) ( BWC

(4

.64 1.4
1.2> (1
1.2-1.4 (2 %10
1.4-1.6 (3 %20
1.6 < (4

(5 %10
17

 ENG.BADRI

.65
SONIC TEST (1
Schmidt Rebound Hammer (2 28
Radio active (3 x
Penetration prob test (4
Water test (5
.66
(1 )( uniform
(2
(3
(4 )( coating
(5 )( uniform
(6
(7 )( not fat
Should not steam in truck (8
.67 Quality
45

(1 )( CORE
(2 )(
(3
(4
(5

18

 ENG.BADRI
.68




.69
.1
.2
.3
.4
.5
.70

.71 3



.72 2


.73

.74 pipe culvert &box culvert

19

 ENG.BADRI
Pipe .1
Box .2
.75 )(plastic shrinkage
.1
.2
.3
.4
.76
(1
(2 %11
)( Corrosion
(3

.77
Crakes .1
Bleeding .2
Decrease strength .3
.78
(1

(2
(3
(4
.79
(1
(2

.80
20

 ENG.BADRI

%10

.


.81
(1
(2
(3
(4
.82 30
20

(
.83


)( Gmm
.84 riding quality

.1

.2

.3

.4

21

 ENG.BADRI
.5

.6

-87


32 10
60 15 60
5
33 %60 40
%90 26
35
-88







.

.
-89 )

(
-:
-1 .
-2
-3
-4 .
)-1 -2 -3
-4 -5 -6
-7 -8
-9 (
22

 ENG.BADRI
-90

.



.
-91

) (High strength
)Low cement
( content
)
( Durability
.
(92

)Retaining wall
( .
(93
.

) ( differential settlement .
) ( loose soil
.

94 )( .A.B.C

:
Grading I
Grading II
Grading III
Max. siz 2
1 1/2
1
23

 ENG.BADRI
65 %

80 %

100 %

C.B.R

96 ) ( A3
) ( Embankment

) ( Relative density

)Sub
( grade

) ( Plating
) -2
( 4

) ( Relative density
) ( %74 .
)( Sub grade

.
-97
) ( .B.W.C
3/4

-98 ( MC-1) 1 ) 2
( RC-2
1 ) ( 1.75 0.50 / 2
2 ) ( 0.30 0.10 /
-99 ) ( Sand equivalent



) ( Clay


) ( % 45


) - 25
24

 ENG.BADRI
% ( 45
) . ( % 5
-100 ) ( ) ( Core
-:
-1 ) ( Strength
28 .
-2 .
-3
-101 .

)
( bridging layer




)60 (


(1

60

(2
)
(geotextile
(3
20 60

102
.
)( A1-a OR A-1-b OR A2-4
-103
25

 ENG.BADRI
:
1 .
-2 .
-3 .
-4 .
-5 .
-6 .
-7 .
-8 .
-9 .
-10 .
-11
.
-104 ) ( RC-2

2

) ( 0.30 0.10 / . 2

24
.
-105 C.P.M Bar chart
C.P.M
.




.
Bar chart :
) (
) (
.
C.P.M

.

26

 ENG.BADRI
-106 .
A3 A3
) ( Sub grade

). ( MC&RC
96 22
-107 Requests
Requests .

Requests



.
-108


.R.E
:
-1
-2

-3
-4

-5
-109 Curing

:
-
*
)
32-10 ( 15

*


27

 ENG.BADRI

50


) ( chemical
) ( 1.5-1 5
3 2
) (



.
-110 Max. size aggregate
B.W.C & B.B.C
:
B.B.C

B.W.C

1 1/2

3/4

Max. size

-111
B.W.C & B.B.C

B.B.C

B.W.C

% Air Voids
)( 5 - 7
)(4-6
-112 VMA %
B.W.C & B.B.C

B.W.C

B.B.C
15

13

% VMA

-113 ) ) ROCK FILL

-:



%75 20

60
5
)( A2-4
28

 ENG.BADRI
-1
.
-2 = 2/3
-3 30
%25 .
-4 . ( U.C > 5 ) 5
-5 ( ) Settlment
%1 .
(

-114 ) Back slope

) ( Stabilization
) ) Retaining wall
) ( A-2-4
6 1 .

-115





.

.
-116 Pile

.
Pile

) ( pile

-117




.
-118
29

 ENG.BADRI


.
-119



) ( .R.E
) ( .R.E
.

.

.
-120 .

.
-121


-122

.
-123


.
124 7
% 75 7


.
-125
.... .
-126

30

 ENG.BADRI
:

Quality control F.D.T
. Compaction test


.
-127 ...



.
128
...

.

.
-129




.
130

-:
-1 ) A-1-a A-1-b A-
(2-4
C.B.R -2 25
Liquid limit
40 -3
Plasticity index 10 -4
131

31

 ENG.BADRI


.

132

-:
-1 )Grading
I Grading II ( Grading III
C.B.R -2 ) 100 80 65
(
Sand equivalent %45 -3
Abrasion loss % 45 -4
Liquid limit
25 -5
Plasticity index 6 -6
Max. size -7 ) 2 1/2 1 1
(
Sodium sulphate soundness % 12 -8
8 %90


%8
5 )
10000 (2 8 3
2 1-/+
%5
133 .

% 25

clay . % 5
25

.

32

 ENG.BADRI
134
......


.
135
.
136 ) ( ACI


) ( specific gravity

.
137

(1 )Max size ) 2.5 1

S.E =25% min (2
Loss by abrasion =50% max (3
C.B.R = 50 min (4
L.L = 25 MIN (5
P.I = 6 Max (6
Compaction 99% (7
Thickness= 20cm or more (8
138
(1
(2
(3
(4 )( seepage

(5

/139
(1
(2 )( rate of compaction
(3 )( granular size
/140
20 50/ /)( 20to50 psi/second
/141

(1 5 33
33

 ENG.BADRI
(2 10
(3 )(slump
(4

(5


.
/142
)25 75(15-/+ 1/2
30
) 25 100( 25 -/+
30
/143

(1
(2
(3
(4
33
(5

(6

(7

(8

/144
(1 )( plasticizer
(2
(3
(4
(5
(6 ) ( super plasticizer
(7
/145


34

 ENG.BADRI
/146 ) ( plasticizer) ( super plasticizer

Plasticizer

(1 ) ( compressive strength %15

(2 ) ( w/c %10
(3 )( workability
super plasticizer

(1 )( compressive strength %50

(2 ) ( w/c )20 ( %30
(3 )( workability
-: ) 30 60
(
) ( rapid loss in workability
shrinkage
/147



)( sharp&angular )
( Interlock


/148 open graded dense graded

-:


-:

35

 ENG.BADRI
(1

(2
(3 )( overlay

(4
)( Reflection of cracks
-: dense graded

/149 ) ( M.F
0.6) 30(


) p.i( 4
-: ) ( stability )
(dense

/150 )( w/c
(1 compressive strength
(2
(3 shrinkage cracks
(4

(5 )
( successive layer
(6
(7
(8
Increase water tightness (9
/151 SPT
Bearing capacity
/152 VMA
Minimum voids in mineral aggregate
BWC=15
&
BBC=13
VMA=VV+Vb
/153 )quality assurance &quality
( control
36

 ENG.BADRI
Assurance

Control

/154 ) (Retarder
)-1
(4
-:
(1
(2
(3
-:

strength
/155 acceleration

-:
/156
ACI

(1 35/ 2
(2
%20 .

37

 ENG.BADRI

38