ELECTRIC CIRCUITS

THEORY 1
These lecture slides
have been
compiled by
Mohammed
LECTURE 3
SalahUdDin Ayubi.
Circuit Elements
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 Outline
• Short
• Open
• Ideal voltage source
• Ideal current source
• Resistor

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 Circuit Elements
• Components that make up a circuit
• The type of element determines
either the voltage, the current, or
the relationship between them

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 Short
V=0
I=?

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 Open
V=?
I=0

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 Ideal Voltage Source
• Voltage is defined (regulated, controlled) by
the element

DC (constant)
12 August 2005 Time-varying
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 Ideal Voltage Source
• Voltage is not dependent on current
through element
• Current through element is dependent on
the rest of the circuit

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 Ideal Current Source
• Current is defined (regulated, controlled) by
the element
• Voltage across element is dependent on the
rest of the circuit

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 Resistor
• Ohm’s Law
v(t) = R i(t)
V = IR
• Units of resistance: ohms (Ω )
∀ Ω = V/A
• I = V/R = GV
• G is conductance, units are siemens(S) =
mhos( )
Ω

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 Resistance
R = ρ L/A
R = resistance
ρ = resistivity of material
L = length
A = area

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 Resistor Power
• P = VI = V(V/R) = V2/R = I2R

• E.g. power dissipated in 2k resistor is

250mW. Find I, V.

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 Resistor Power
• P = I 2R
• I = √P/R = √250mW/2KΩ
= 11.2mA
V = IR = 11.2mA(2KΩ ) = 22.4V

Check: 11.2mA(22.4V) = 250mW

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 Resistor Examples
Find Vr, Ir, Pr Find Pr

Find Vx

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 Answers
• Vr=10V, Ir=1A, Pr=10W
• Pr=1mW
• Vx=4V

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 Equivalent Resistance
• Series
Req = R1 + R2 + R3

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 Equivalent Resistance
• Parallel
1
Geq = G1 + G2 + G3 Req =
1 1 1
+ +
R1 R2 R3

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 Two Parallel Resistors
1 R1 R2
Req = =
1 1 R1 + R2
+
R1 R2

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 Examples

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 Examples

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 Examples

Irreducible

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