QUESTION:

Design a RCC retaining wall to retain earth up to a height of 15’. Base of

the footing is to be placed 3’ below NSL. Soil has density of .
Angle of internal friction of soil is . Earth surface that is to be retained is
horizontal. Take
Use .

SOLUTION:
Given that,

STEP 1
ASSUMPTION OF SIZES:

STEP 2
DESIGN OF STEM:

i. Calculation Of Soil Pressure:

ii. Moment & Reinforcement Calculation:

iii.Selection of bars & spacing:

Vertical Reinforcement On front face of wall:

 Temperature & Shrinkage Steel:

iv. Check for shear:

v. Capacity of Section:

STEP 3

CURTAILMENT OF BARS:

Bars are curtailed from top where B.M is

According to ACI code, the following value should be added in the curtailed value
of steel,

•
 •
•

Maximum of above three values is selected, i.e. 12” is selected.

So, Curtailment from top.

PLAN & SECTION

According to ACI code provide main steel on the side where there is no
loading & provide same temperature and shrinkage steel on load bearing
side.

Step 4
STABILITY CHECKS:

There are three stability checks,

i. Check For Overturning Moment

1 produces overturning
moment & 2, 3 and 4
produces resisting
moments.
Sr.
#

01

02

03

04

If this check is not OK then increase the

thickness of toe, heel or stem as per
requirement.
 ii. Check For Sliding Force:

Here is the coefficient of friction between soil and earth and its value
lies between 0.3-0.45.

So we have to provide key under the base.

Key can be provided in different states as

shown below,

Design of Key:
 iii. Check For Bearing Capacity Of Soil:

If this check is not OK then increase the length of base “B”

If this check is not OK then increase “B”.

STEP 5

DESIGN OF TOE & HEEL:

i. Design Of Toe:

Taking moment about

junction of toe and stem.
 Selection of bars & spacing:

ii. Design of heel:

Taking moment about junction of heel and stem,

Neglecting moment produced due to stresses. It will make our structure

safer because it works as a FOS.
Selection of bars & spacing:

Temperature & Shrinkage Steel:

DETAILS OF STEEL IN TOE & HEEL