Professional Documents
Culture Documents
A: Vomiting bile
B: Bruising
C: Painful, swollen, or deformed extremities
D: A tender, rigid abdomen
Reason: Vomiting bile is usually not a sign of internal bleeding.
However, the most common signs are bruising, a tender, rigid
abdomen, and painful, swollen, or deformed extremities.
12: You and your crew are called to the home of an older
woman who has fallen. She is complaining of severe wrist pain.
During the physical exam, you gently palpate the affected arm
and wrist. Which of the following correctly lists the order of the
bones in the arm from proximal to distal?
A: Humerus, radius and ulna, carpals, metacarpals,
phalanges
B: Femur, patella, tibia and fibula, tarsals, metatarsal,
phalanges
C: Phalanges, metacarpals, carpals, ulna and radius,
humerus
D: Frontal, parietal, temporal, occipital, sphenoid
Reason: Proximal to distal examining would mean starting at the
point closest to the body and moving out on a given extremity.
The humerus is the bone of the upper arm. The radius and ulna
make up the lower arm, or forearm. The carpals and metacarpals
make up the hand. The phalanges are the bones of the fingers.
28: The pressure on the walls of an artery when the left ventricle
contracts is:
A: diastolic.
B: systolic.
C: venous.
D: arterial.
Reason: Systolic blood pressure is the pressure on the walls of
an artery when the left ventricle contracts. Diastolic pressure is
the pressure remaining in the arteries when the left ventricle of
the heart relaxes and refills.
31: What is most likely the problem for the patient in question
30?
A: Pulmonary embolism
B: Impending heart attack
C: Angina
D: Indigestion
Reason: This patient is probably dealing with a pulmonary
embolism. The clues are that he has no cardiac or other pertinent
history of chest pain or cardiac problems, he had a skiing
accident 12 days ago that could have created a blood clot or
dislodged some other material that is causing the embolism. The
most common signs of pulmonary embolism are sudden onset of
sharp, stabbing chest pain and difficulty breathing, increased
respiratory and heart rate, and possible hypotension.
38: The legal limits of the EMT-B's job duties are formally
defined by the:
A: medical director.
B: scope of practice.
C: Department of Transportation.
D: state in which the EMT-B works.
Reason: The scope of practice formally defines the legal limits of
all EMS personnel.
49: When arriving on scene where there are already police, fire
vehicles, and other ambulances present, you should conduct
your own scene size-up. True or False?
A: TRUE
B: FALSE
Reason: No matter who is already on scene, you should
ALWAYS conduct your own scene size-up upon arrival.
53: How would you accurately evaluate the skin color of a dark-
skinned patient?
A: Look at the color of the bottom of the patient's feet.
B: Look at the color of the lips and nail beds.
C: Look at the color of the palms of the hands.
D: All of the above.
Reason: The best way to accurately evaluate the skin color of a
dark-skinned patient would be to look at the color of the inside of
the lips and the nail beds.
56: The skin of a patient with serious liver problems will appear:
A: jaundiced (yellow).
B: red and blotchy.
C: pale.
D: cyanotic.
Reason: Jaundice appears as yellow in the skin and eyes of
patients with liver problems.
60: You and your crew respond to a call for a 23-year-old man
complaining of weakness, nausea, fatigue, and joint pain. He
believes he is coming down with a cold or flu, but you are told he
felt fine when he went on a scuba diving trip early that morning.
He denies medical conditions or any pertinent medical history.
On the way to the hospital, the patient has a full body seizure
and does not regain consciousness. What is the probable
diagnosis for this patient?
A: Hypoglycemia brought on by the patient's nausea
B: Decompression sickness
C: Barotrauma
D: Undiagnosed epilepsy
Reason: Given that the patient denied having any medical
conditions or pertinent medical history but mentioned his scuba
diving trip that morning, he is most likely experiencing
decompression sickness. He has common signs of
decompression sickness, and additional signs would be
shortness of breath, dizziness, headache, paralysis, and
unconsciousness. Epilepsy is usually diagnosed at an early age
and controlled with medication. Hypoglycemia would not normally
result in a seizure that rapidly, followed by unconsciousness.
61: With a severe head injury, clear fluid draining from the ears
and nose would be:
A: cerebrospinal fluid.
B: lymphatic fluid.
C: synovial fluid.
D: tears.
Reason: Clear fluid draining from the ears and nose after a head
injury would be cerebrospinal fluid.
69: You are called to the home of a woman in labor with her
fourth child. She is full term, and her water has broken. When
you examine her, you see a loop of umbilical cord protruding
from the vaginal opening. How do you treat her?
A: Prepare the area and the patient for a home
delivery.
B: Gently push the umbilical cord back into the birth
canal, put the patient on her left side, and transport
rapidly.
C: Leave the umbilical cord where it is, and rapidly
transport.
D: Put the patient in a position with her knees to her
chest, gently push the fetus away from the cord, and
keep the cord moist while rapidly transporting.
Reason: The care the patient needs for this condition, a
prolapsed umbilical cord, can only be received at the hospital.
Your job is to make sure adequate blood flow continues through
the umbilical cord to the infant until you get the mother to the
hospital. The best way to do this is to put the patient in a knee
chest position to keep the infant's head away from the birth
canal, give the mother oxygen, and keep the cord moist while
rapidly transporting.
73: If a patient has signs and symptoms of a stroke, but all signs
and symptoms disappear in less than 24 hours, the patient
experienced a(n):
A: cerebrovascular accident (CVA).
B: transient ischemic attack (TIA).
C: altered mental status (AMS).
D: acute myocardial infarction (AMI).
Reason: If a patient shows signs and symptoms of a stroke that
disappear completely within 24 hours, he or she has experienced
a TIA (transient ischemic attack).