iII Ñ-Ø√-úø’ £j«-ü¿®√-¶«-ü˛ -•’-üµ¿-¢√®Ωç 8 °∂œ-v•-´-J 2006

Dinakar: Where did you buy those fruits yes-
terday? They were quite fresh and
sweet.
(E†o Ç °æçúø’x áéπ\úø éÌØ√o´¤? î√™«
û√ñ«í¬ Bߪ’í¬ ÖØ√o®· ÅN)
Fresh - û√ñ«. (Opp: Stale/ rotten stale. E©y
Ö†o (´·êuçí¬ ´çúÕ-†N); rotten - ´·J-T-§Ú-
®·†, èπ◊Rx-§Ú-®·†. stale - ÂÆdß˝’™¸, rotten -
®√-ô-Ø˛ – Aô’d-°æü¿ç èπÿú≈. These rotten movies
(îÁûªh movies)/ rotten fellow ´’E-≠œE Aôdúøç,
NENE NÆœ-T-§Ú-®·† jokes - stale jokes.
Madhukar: Why are you asking? Do you need
fruits now?
(áçü¿’-éπ-úø’-í∫’-ûª’-Ø√o´¤? É°æ¤púË´’Ø√o
°æçúø’x Å´-Ææ-®Ω´÷ Fèπ◊?)
Dinakar: Yea. I need some to present to my
uncle. You bought them at Sarvam
Super Market, didn't you?
(Å´¤†’. ´÷ uncle èπ◊ °æçúø’x present
îËü∆l-´’-†’-èπ◊ç-ô’Ø√o. ÅN †’´¤y 'Ææ®Ωyç—
Super Market ™ éÌØ√o´¤ éπü∆?
Madhukar: No. That's very far off. You need
not go that far. If fruits are what you
need, there's a good fruit shop
nearby. I bought them there.
b) She doesn't need any body's help
Ç¢Á’Èé´J ≤ƒßª’ç Åéπ\-Í®xü¿’
X She needs every body's help
Ç¢Á’-éπç-ü¿J (v°æA-¢√J) ≤ƒßª’ç Å´-Ææ®Ωç (鬢√L)
c) Animals need oxygen
ïçûª’-´¤-©èπ◊ oxyzen Å´-Ææ®Ωç.
d) He doesn't (does not) need any more money
Åûª-E-éπç-ûª-éπçõ‰ úø•’s Åéπ\-®Ω-™‰ü¿’.
e) Ç¢Á’Íéç Å´-Ææ®Ωç (àç 鬢√L?)
What does she need?
f) ¢√úÕéÀ Rs.100/- éπçõ‰ áèπ◊\´ Å´-Ææ®Ωç ™‰ü¿’.
He doesnot need more than Rs. 100/-
Oô-Eo-öÀ™ verb, need/ needs éπü∆?
Ñ sentences ™ need Ö°æ-ßÁ÷-í¬-EéÀ, °j con-
versation ™ç* BÆœ† sentences (3) and (4) ™
need ¢√úø-é¬-EéÀ ûËú≈ îª÷ü∆lç.
3) You need not go that far
Åçûª ü¿÷®Ωç ¢Á∞¡x-éπ\Í®xü¿’.
4) You need not spend so much
Åçûª ê®Ω ’ a °ôd - é π \ - Í ® x ü ¿ ’ .
-Ççí∫x-¶µ«-≠æ-ù 109
a) She has to be there X She need not be there
Padma:
ûª† ü¿í∫_®Ω †’ç* ã ´·êu-¢Á’i† Ææ´÷-î√®Ωç
b) I must know it X You need not know it
Å´-Ææ®Ωç (鬢√L) Ø√èπ◊. îÁ°æ¤p, ûª†èπ◊ ؈’
(؈C ûÁ©’-Ææ’-éÓ-¢√L) X †’´¤y ûÁ©’-Ææ’-éÓ-†-´-Ææ-®Ωç-™‰ü¿’ Phone îËߪ÷-Lq† Å´-Ææ®Ωç ÖçC.
c) Have I to go? X You need not go
Kamala: †’´¤ y worry 鬆-´-Ææ®Ωç ™‰ü¿’. ûª† Phone
(¢Á ∞ «x ™ « X Åéπ\-Í®xü¿’)
number èπÿú≈ Å´-Ææ®Ωç ™‰ü¿’, Ç¢Á’ °æéπ\
[a) You must go - †’´¤y ¢Á∞«xL.
í∫ C - ™ ØË ÖçC. ¢ÁRx ´÷ö«xúø’.
b) You must not go - †’´¤y ¢Á∞¡x-èπÿ-úøü¿’
b) Krupakar: ¢√úÕ-°æ¤púø’ •ßª’-™‰l-®√L ´’J.
c) You need not go - ¢Á-∞¡}-†-´-Ææ-®Ωç-™‰ü¿’
Dayakar: ¢√úø-Ææ©’ ¢Á∞¡x-éπ\-Í®xü¿’
b) éÀ, c) éÀ ûËú≈ îª÷úøçúÕ. ÅüË Nüµ¿çí¬ should èπÿ,
Krupakar: áçü¿’-éπE?
have to/ has to èπÿ èπÿú≈ ´Ææ’hçC.]
Dayakar: ؈’ ¢√úÕo éÌEo °æ¤Ææh-鬩’ ûÁ´’t-Ø√o†’. Ç
Need í∫’Jç* ´’†ç ûÁ©’-Ææ’-èπ◊†o points.
°æ¤Ææh-é¬-L-éπ\úø ÖØ√oß˝’. ÅN èπÿú≈
1) Need †’ independent í¬ äéπ\-öÀí¬ ¢√úÕûË é¬¢√L
ÅØË Å®ΩnçûÓ Å´-Ææ®Ωç ÅØË ¶µ«´ç ´Ææ’hçC. É°æ¤púøçûª Å´-Ææ®Ωç ™‰ü¿’ Ø√èπ◊.
Krupakar:
2) Need + 1 st RDW (´÷´‚-©’í¬ not ûÓ)– ÅN Ø√èπ◊ Å´-Ææ®Ωç. îª÷°œç. ¢√öÀ-E
Ç I RDW ûÓ îÁÊ°p-°æE îËߪ’-éπ\-Í®xü¿’ ÅE Å®Ωnç. ØË † ’ îª ÷ú≈L.
Dayakar: †’¢Ëyç îª÷úø-éπ\-®Ω-™‰-C°æ¤púø’. Í®°æ¤ îª÷úø’.
ANSWERS:

You need not spend so much a) Padma: Hi Kamala, let me have Karuna's

Kamala: What about?

phone number. I must/ I need to
talk to her urgently.

Padma: You need not know it./ You don't need

Dinakar: How costly are they? Perhaps you
3) ™ verb need go -
bought them at Rs.70 a dozen. need + 1st regular
(¢√öÀ êKüÁçûª? dozen 70 ®Ω÷§ƒ-ߪ’© doing word
v°æ鬮Ωç éÌØ√o¢Ë¢Á÷ éπü∆?) 4) ™ verb need spend -
Madhukar: No. You need not spend so much. need + 1st regular
They are quite cheap there. doing word
Need + 1st regular DW
M. SURESAN
(Åçûª °ôd-†-´-Ææ-®Ωç-™‰ü¿’. ÅN î√™«
éπ Ç shop ™) (´÷´‚©’í¬ notûÓØË
Dinakar: Will you show me the shop? ´Ææ’hçC)verb Å®·ûË, I RDW †’ •öÀd Å®Ωnç
(Need not go =
(Ç shop îª÷°œ-≤ƒh¢√?) Öçô’çC. ¢Á∞¡x-éπ\-Í®xü¿’)
Need not spend = ê®Ω’a °ôd-éπ\-Í®xü¿’
Madhukar: You don't need my help, old boy.
You need not be here
Walk along this way and turn right.
You find 'Sufala' fruit shop. That's it. (Ééπ\úø verb - need be - ÉC be form -
Öçúø-éπ\-®Ω-™‰ü¿’ (not ûÓ)
(Ø√ ≤ƒßª’ç Åéπ\-®Ω-™‰ü¿’. Éô’--¢Áj°æ¤ ¢ÁR}
ÉC need èπ◊ È®çúÓ Ö°æ-ßÁ÷í∫ç.
èπ◊úÕ°æéπ\èπ◊ A®Ω’í∫’. Ç shop éπ†-°æ-úø’-
ûª’çC) ¢Á·ü¿-öÀC – need †’ independent í¬ ¢√úÌa.
Dinakar: OK, bye È®çúÓC– need + 1st RDW (´÷´‚©’í¬ not ûÓ).
[ You need not go =
Madhukar: OK.
You don't need to go ņ-´îª’a.
Ñ Ææ綵«-≠æù™ Åçû√ need ûÓ Ö†o expres-
[ She need not sing =
sions áèπ◊\´ ÖØ√o®· éπü∆. Need Å®√n©÷,
She does not need to sing
¢√úøéπç ûÁ©’-Ææ’-èπ◊çü∆ç Ñ lesson ™.
1. Do you need fruits now?
ÉçéÓ N≠æߪ’ç:
Karuna: Must you go now?
2. I need some
3. You need not go that far.
(†’´¤y ¢Á∞«}™«? É°æ¤púø’?)
Aruna: I need not go. It's enough if I call
4. You need not spend so much
(؈’ ¢Á∞¡x-éπ\-®Ω-™‰ü¿’. Phone
5. You don't need my help
Karuna: You should go tomorrow at least
´’†çü¿Jéà ûÁ©’Ææ’. need Åçõ‰ Å´-Ææ®Ωç Å-E, (éπFÆæç ͮ°jØ√ ¢Á∞«xL †’´¤y)
鬢√L ÅØË Å®Ωnç ´îËa Å´-Ææ®Ωç ÅE. Sumana: No, she need not go tomorrow either
1. Do you need fruits now?
(Í®°æ¤ èπÿú≈ ¢Á∞¡x-†-éπ\-®Ω-™‰ü¿’)
FéÀ°æ¤púø’ °æçúø’x Å´-Ææ-®Ω´÷? (鬢√™«?)
Karuna: She has to be there at least the day
2. I need some after (tomorrow)
Ø√èπ◊ éÌEo Å´-Ææ®Ωç/ 鬢√L Sumana: No, I tell you, she need not be there
3. You don't need my help
on any day.
Ø√ ≤ƒßª’ç Féπ-´-Ææ-®Ωç-™‰ü¿’/ Åéπ\-®Ω-™‰ü¿’
(á°æ¤púø÷ Åéπ\úø Öçúø-éπ\-Í®xü¿’)
°j Ææçü¿-®√s¥-©-Eoç-öÀ™ need Åçõ‰ Å´-Ææ®Ωç/ 鬢√L,
Ñ conversation ™ must/ should/ has to Ñ
Åçõ‰ 'Åéπ\-®Ω-™‰ü¿’—èπ◊ ´uA-Í®-éπçí¬
´‚úÕç-öÀéÀ Å®Ωnç– àüÁjØ√ îËߪ÷L/ Öçú≈L Å-E.
a) I need your help Need not be -Å-†o°æ¤p-úø’ opposite meaning
F ≤ƒßª’ç Ø√éπ-´-Ææ®Ωç (鬢√L) ´≤ÚhçCéπü∆ îËߪ’-†-éπ\-Í®xü¿’ ÅØË Å®Ωnç-ûÓ. ÉC ´·êuç.
3) She need not go sentences need
™«çöÀ ™ to know it.
not go •ü¿’©’ – don't/ doesn't need to go
Kamala: Why do you need her number?
¢√úø-´îª’a.
Padma: I need some important information
4) Need + 1 st RDW (not ûÓ) must/ should/
from her. Tell me (her number). I need
have to/ has to èπ◊ ´uA-Í®éπç
to phone to her.
Need + infinitive (to + 1 st RDW) èπÿú≈ ¢√úøû√ç.
Kamala: You needn't worry. You don't need her
a) You don't need to go now
phone number either, she is in the
É°æ¤púø’ ¢Á∞«}-Lq† Å´-Ææ®Ωç -™‰-ü¿’. next room. Go talk to her.
b) She needs to be there at least for an hour
b) Krupakar: He must start now, mustn't he?
éπFÆæç ã í∫çõ„jØ√ Ç¢Á’ Åéπ\úø Öçúøôç Å´-Ææ®Ωç.
Dayakar: He need not go.
c) I need to go home now
Krupakar: Why?
ØË-†’ ¢Á∞«x-Lq† Å´-Ææ®Ωç ÖçC.
Dayakar: I told him to get some books. They
NOW PRACTISE THE FOLLOWING IN
are (available) here. I don't need
ENGLISH:
them even now either.
a) Padma: Hi Kamala, é¬Ææh Karuna Phone
Krupakar: I need them. Let me see them.
Number É≤ƒh¢√? ûª†ûÓ urgent í¬ I must see them.
´÷ö«x-ú≈-Lq† Å´-Ææ®Ωç ÖçC Ø√èπ◊. Dayakar: You need not see them now. See
Kamala: üËE í∫’Jç*? them tomorrow.
Padma: †’´¤y ûÁ©’Ææ’-éÓ-†-´-Ææ®Ωç ™‰ü¿’™‰
ņ-´îª’a. Kamala: FÈéç-ü¿’éπ´-Ææ®Ωç ûª† number?
-v°æ-¨¡o: É¢Ë OöÀéÀ Ö†o Å®√n-©Fo.
Rama could have done that work 1) ®√´·úø’ Ç °æEE îËÆ œ Öçúø-´îª’a
Rama could haven't done that work Rama might have done that work.
Ñ È®ç-úÕçöÀéÀ áEo Å®√n-©’-Ø√oßÁ÷ §
îËÊÆh î√©’. ûÁ©°æçúÕ. Would, could Ö°æ-ßÁ÷-í¬©’
®√´·úø’ Ç °æE îËÆœ Öçú≈-LqçC (é¬E
îËߪ’-™‰ü¿’)
ÅFo ®√ߪ’çúÕ.
He might have done the work – Åçõ‰
Rama should have done that work.
àO’ îÁߪ’u-™‰-ü¿Ø√? îËÆœ Öçúø-éπ-§Ú-´-îªaØ√? § ®√´·úø’ Ç °æE î˨»úø’
He may have done éÀ might / would éÀ Rama has done that work.
may ≤ƒn†ç™ à Å®√n-©’-Ø√oßÁ÷ ûÁ-©°æçúÕ. 2) îËÆœ Öçúøúø’, (é¬F î˨»úø’)
– áÆˇ. ®√´·, ûÁØ√L - Rama wouldn't have done it.
ï-¢√-•’: § îËÆœ Öçú≈-LqçC é¬ü¿’, é¬F î˨»úø’
1. Rama could have done that work He shouldn't have done it.
Rama -Ç °æEE îËÆœÖçúø-í∫-L-Íí-¢√úË é¬F îËߪ’™‰ü¿’. § îËߪ’-™‰-éπ-§Ú-ߪ÷úø’
2. Rama could haven't done that work - Rama could not do it.
correct form, Rama couldn't have
DEéÀ § He may have/ might have done
done that work. Rama
DE Å®Ωnç, Ç °æEE
îËÆœ Öçúø-´îª’a.
îËÆœ Öçúø-í∫-L-Íí-¢√úø’ é¬ü¿’. é¬E î˨»úø’ ÅE.

Spoken English -§ƒ-ûª -¢√u≤ƒ-©éÓÆæç -éÀxé˙ -îË-ߪ’ç-úÕ.. URL: http://www.eenadu.net/spoken/spoken.htm