Essential Question: How is petroleum found? Objective: SWBAT model the process of finding petroleum and predict the effects of drilling on the environment. Engage/Explore Give students prompt: roducts derived from oil! such as motor gasoline! jet fuel! diesel fuel and heating oil! suppl" nearl" #$ percent of the energ" consumed b" households! businesses! and manufactures worldwide. Oil and natural gas are forms of petroleum! a word that literall" means oil" roc%.& etroleum is called a fossil fuel because it is geologicall" ver" old and is found in the ground! li%e fossils. 'bundant oil and natural gas form onl" where conditions in the Earth are just right.& (ta%en from www.energ"#me.org) How do "ou thin% geoscientists identif" and e*plore petroleum+rich reserves? (students give various answers) ,ell students that toda" the" have been hired as a geoscientist b" -hell to locate and e*plore a petroleum+rich reserve. Each team will be provided with one shoe bo*! cat litter! a water balloon filled with oil or water that is colored! and a few roc%s. ,ell students that before the" begin drilling the" will be creating a model for another group. (.o not have them put their names on the bo*es "et) ,ell students to place an uneven la"er of cat litter on the bottom of the bo*. ,hen place the small! filled balloon into the bo*! thin%ing carefull" where the" place it. utting it in the middle might be too obvious or putting it against the side of the bo* might be too confusing. lace the roc%s around/on top of the balloon and fill the rest of the bo* with cat litter. ,he bo* should be completel" filled. ,hen place the lid on the bo* and secure it with tape. ,he teacher should then collect the bo*es and redistribute ma%ing sure that each group gets a new bo*. Have the students attach a sheet of graph paper to the lid of their new bo*. ,hen have the students gentl" tap on the bo* lid to listen for different sounds. 's% students to record the areas! which the" thin% might be worth investigating. 0efore "ou give the students their s%ewers! tell them that the" will be carefull" probing for oil. ,ell them that ever" centimeter the" drill costs 12$$!$$$. Each time the" start a new test site it costs an additional 13$$!$$$. -tudents are to record their drilling strateg" before beginning drilling. Once the" have recorded their drilling strateg"! the" must propose it to "ou the foreman& in order to begin drilling. Give each group a bamboo s%ewer and help them mar% off divisions of one centimeter starting from the tip. 4emind them to record their drilling costs as the" go. -tudents ma" change their strateg" as the" are drilling but the foreman must approve the change. Have students %eep drilling until the" find oil. Explain and Elaborate ,eacher poses 5uestion How does this model relate to the wa" geoscientists actuall" loo% for and find oil?& ,eacher give students reading titled E*ploration& http://www.need.org/6iles/curriculum/guides/6ossil6uels,oroducts.pdf ,eacher helps students ma%e connections to the environment. How might drilling have an impact on the environment?& How do "ou thin% finding coal and removing is would be similar to oil e*ploration and e*traction? How would it be different? How would searching for natural gas and bringing it to the surface be similar to! and different from! oil discover" and e*traction?& Evaluate -tudents write a short diar" entr" from the point of view of an engineer who has just discovered an oil reserve. Have them use evidence from the lab and the reading to e*plain the process through which the" must go in order to retrieve the oil.