Khoa Xy Dng Cu ng - Trng i Hc Bch Khoa

TP SAN KHOA HC CNG NGH 1

Cho mng 20 nm thnh lp ngnh Xy dng Cu ng
PH GIA TNG DNH WetfixBE - MT GII PHP CI THIN
CHT LNG MT NG BTNG NHA
WETFIX-BE - THE METHOD IMPROVES QUALITY OF
ATSPHANLT CONCRETE PAVEMENT
ThS. NGUYN BIN CNG
Khoa XD Cu ng, Trng i Hc Bch Khoa
TM TT
Bi bo trnh by cc nghin cu trong phng th nghim Cu-ng trng i hc
Bch Khoa - HN & mt s kt qu thc t t c khi s dng ph gia tng dnh
WetfixBE ca hng Akzo Nobel ci thin cht lng mt ng BTN.
ABSTRACT
The paper presents some researchs of Road and bridge Lab at Danang University of
Technology and the results of improving pavement quality when using Wetfix -BE - AKZO
NOBEL company.
1. T VN
Nhiu kin u cho rng: cht lng mt ng
BTN hin nay cha t c yu cu ca thc t i hi.
Cc tuyn ng c tng mt l BTN loi 1 theo yu
cu phi c thi gian sa cha va l 5 nm, sa cha ln
l 15 nm.
Cc tuyn ng c tng mt l BTN loi 2 theo yu
cu phi c thi gian sa cha va l 4 nm, sa cha ln
l 12 nm.
i a s cc tuyn ng cp cao hin nay u
c thit k vi tng mt BTN loi 1 (mt hoc hai lp).
Song rt nhiu tuyn ng sau mt thi gian s
dng khng di (hai hoc ba nm, thm ch ngn hn)
pht sinh cc bin dng, h hng n mc cn phi
sa cha va hoc ln (Hnh 1. ng Nguyn Tt
Thnh Nng sau hn 1 nm khai thc. nh
chp thng 05/2005).
Thi gian ny cn c th ngn hn na vi cc
tuyn ng quc l c nhiu xe nng chy (Hnh 2.
QL1A on Bc o R R, km 1445+825 sau hn 1 nm
bn giao cho n v qun l. nh chp thng 11/2005)
Cc h hng trn gy tn tht rt ln cho nn
kinh t quc dn: tn km cc chi ph sa cha, cht lng
khai thc gim dn n vic lm tng cc chi ph vn
chuyn; mt khc cn gy mt d lun xu trong x hi v
cng tc qun l, thi cng xy dng ng.
V vy, vic nghin cu, phn tch cc nguyn nhn
gy h hng & tm cc bin php ci thin cht lng mt
Hnh 1
Hnh 2
Khoa Xy Dng Cu ng - Trng i Hc Bch Khoa
TP SAN KHOA HC CNG NGH 2
Cho mng 20 nm thnh lp ngnh Xy dng Cu ng
ng BTN l mt cng vic hu ch & thc s cn thit.
2. MC CH NGHIN CU
Vic pht sinh cc h hng & bin dng qu mc cho php ca mt ng
BTN nh nu trn c nhiu nguyn nhn. khc phc c tnh trng ny phi
thc hin ng b mt loi cc gii php:
Nhm cc gii php thit k kt cu:
- m xe, d bo lu lng & thnh phn dng xe ph hp vi thc t.
- La chn gii php cu to kt cu o ng (KCA) hp l, c bit l khi
tuyn ng i qua vng c ch thy nhit bt li.
- Kim ton kt cu o ng m bo c 3 trng thi gii hn: ln n
hi, cn bng gii hn trt & chu ko khi un.
Nhm cc gii php thit k cng thc trn BTN:
- La chn cc loi vt liu thnh phn trong hn hp BTN c cht lng
cao.
- Thit k cp phi ct liu hp l.
- La chn hm lng nha ti u.
- Thit lp h thng kim sot, iu chnh trm trn ph hp.
Nhm cc gii php trong qu trnh thi cng BTN:
- Kim sot thng xuyn cht lng hn hp BTN trm trn & hin
trng.
- X l dnh bm tt gia tng mng & tng mt, gia cc lp BTN.
- m bo nhit hn hp khi san ri v lu ln.
- m bo tnh ng nht ca hn hp khi trn, ri, b ph.
- m bo cht ca BTN sau khi lu ln.
Cc nhm gii php (1) & (3) c cn nhc rt k lng trong cc d n
ln, c bit l cc d n c s tham gia ca cc hng T vn nc ngoi. Song thc
t, nhiu on tuyn trn QL1 mt d c kim sot rt k, nhng nhng h hng
xut hin sm sau khi khai thc vn xy ra.
Cc cng thc trn c r sot li, cc loi vt liu c kim tra cht ch
hn, v c bit cc chuyn gia quan tm n vn : tnh dnh bm bn vng gia
nha v .
Cc th nghim v tnh dnh bm gia nha v ct liu trong BTN c
thc hin nhiu phng th nghim thuc D n ci to QL1, FL2, thm ch c cc
phng th nghim nc ngoi (Thy in).
Ti trng i hc Bch Khoa - HN, cc th nghim cng c tin hnh
ti phng th nghim Cu-ng, trn 10 loi trong khu vc Nng. Th nghim
c tin hnh vi cng mt loi nha: nha PLC 60/70.
Kt qu nh sau:
Bng 1. Cp dnh bm gia nha PLC v cc loi khu vc Nng
H
Bn
Sn
Khnh
Sn
Phc
Tng
1
Phc
Tng
2
Ha
Pht
H Bc
Hc
Kh
H
Tru 1
H
Tru 2
2 2 3 4 2 2 3 2 4 2
i chiu kt qu nghin cu trn vi Quy trnh thi cng v nghim thu mt
ng BTN ri nng 22TCN 249:1998 th ch c 40% cc loi trn t yu cu
Khoa Xy Dng Cu ng - Trng i Hc Bch Khoa
TP SAN KHOA HC CNG NGH 3
Cho mng 20 nm thnh lp ngnh Xy dng Cu ng
dng cho BTN; trong 20% mi t dnh bm cp 3, 20% t dnh bm cp 4 (cp
dnh bm tt nht l cp 5). Cn li 60% cc loi khng th dng lm ct liu cho
BTN nu khng c bin php ci thin tnh dnh bm.
R rng, vic nghin cu ci thin tnh dnh bm gia v nha khng nhng
cho php m rng phm vi s dng cc m , m cn cho php ci thin thm cc
tnh cht c l ca BTN khi chu tc dng bt li ca nc & nhit.
3. CC KT QU NGHIN CU
3.1. Nghin cu ci thin tnh dnh bm gia & nha bng WetfixBE
Ph gia WetfixBE ca hng
Akzo Nobel l loi ph gia n nh nhit
c c ch cho BTN ri nng, nhm ci
thin cng & n nh cho BTN.
Khi c pha vo nha, cht tng dnh s
tm n b mt ct liu & tng tc vi ct
liu, lm cho b mt ct liu c in tch
dng. Cc ht nha li thng c in
tch m nn khi tng tc vi ct liu c
in tch dng, cc trao i i-on xy ra
khu vc tip xc gia nha & . Lin kt
ny rt bn vng ngay c khi c tc dng ph hoi ca nhit & nc.
WetfixBE c ha vo nha nng chy vi hm lng thng thng t
0,2 n 0,5% (so vi khi lng nha).
Cc nghin cu trong phng th nghim c tip tc tin hnh vi 10 loi
nu trn, nha PLC 60/70 & ph gia tng dnh WetfixBE c hm lng thay
i l: 0,2% - 0,4% & 0,6% so vi khi lng nha.
Sau y l kt qu nghin cu:
Bng 2. Cp dnh bm gia nha PLC v cc loi khu vc Nng khi dng Wetfix
%
Wetfix
H
Bn

Sn
Khnh
Sn
Phc
Tng
1
Phc
Tng
2
Ha
Pht
H
Bc
Hc
Kh
H
Tru
1
H
Tru
2
0,2% 4 4 4 5 3 4 4 2 4 3
0,4% 4 4 4 5 3 4 4 3 4 3
0,6% 4 4 4 5 3 4 4 4 4 3
Tng hp t cc bng 1 & bng 2 ta c bng 3.
Bng 3. Tng hp cp dnh bm gia nha PLC khi c & khng c ph gia Wetfix
%
Wetfix
H
Bn

Sn
Khnh
Sn
Phc
Tng
1
Phc
Tng
2
Ha
Pht
H
Bc
Hc
Kh
H
Tru
1
H
Tru
2
0% 2 2 3 4 2 2 3 2 4 2
0,2% 4 4 4 5 3 4 4 2 4 3
0,4% 4 4 4 5 3 4 4 3 4 3
0,6% 4 4 4 5 3 4 4 4 4 3
T bng 3 ta c mt s nhn xt:
Khoa Xy Dng Cu ng - Trng i Hc Bch Khoa
TP SAN KHOA HC CNG NGH 4
Cho mng 20 nm thnh lp ngnh Xy dng Cu ng
WetfixBE c tc dng vi 90% cc loi trong phm vi nghin cu khi hm
lng l 0,2%.
WetfixBE c tc dng vi 100% cc loi trong phm vi nghin cu khi hm
lng l 0,4%.
C 90% cc loi trong phm vi nghin cu tng cp dnh bm ti a vi hm
lng WetfixBE l 0,4%. Trn hm lng ny, cp dnh bm hu nh khng tng
(ch c 10% tip tc tng - Hc Kh).
Cc loi khi dng WetfixBE vi hm lng 0,4% u t cp dnh bm yu
cu dng cho BTN (cp 3 tr ln).
Nh vy, c th s b nhn nh:
WetfixBE c tc dng ci thin tnh dnh bm vi hu ht cc loi khu vc
Nng.
Hm lng WetfixBE c tc dng 100% vi cc loi l 0,4%.
Hm lng WetfixBE ti a nn l 0,6%.
S dng hm lng WetfixBE l bao nhiu ty thuc vo loi c dng
lm ct liu.
3.2. Nghin cu ci thin cht lng BTN bng WetfixBE trong PTN
T cc kt qu nghin cu mc 3.1, tin hnh nghin cu 04 loi BTN:
- Btng nha cht, kch c ht ln nht danh nh Dmax19 & Dmax25;
- BTN khng dng ph gia tng dnh & dng WetfixBE vi hm lng 0,4%.
Cc loi vt liu s dng :
- dm : Phc Tng 1;
- Ct xay: Phc Tng 1;
- Bt khong: Phc Tng;
- Nha PLC 60/70.
- Ph gia tng dnh WetfixBE.
Cp phi ct liu c ly gii hn trung
bnh ca gii hn cn trn & cn di ca cp phi yu cu (
22TCN 249:1998).
Cc t mu c ch b, bo dng & th nghim theo
phng php Marshall (75chy/1mt) vi 05 hm lng
nha: 4,5 5,0 5,5 6,0 6,5 % (theo khi lng ct liu
kh).
Cc kt qu nghin cu c tng hp nh sau:
Bng 4. Tng hp cc ch tiu c l BTNC Dmax25 khng dng ph gia Wetfix
T mu theo hm lng nha, % 4,5 5,0 5,5 6,0 6,5
Dung trng , g/cm
3
2,397 2,416 2,428 2,433 2,430
rng cn d (Va), %
5,874 5,587 4,528 3,524 3,405
rng khung C.liu (VMA), %
16,655 17,113 17,210 17,325 17,835
1 gi
5,100 7,718 9,316 9,897 9,460 n inh Marshall
(Stability), KN
24 gi
3,256 5,683 7,866 8,476 7,513
BTN khng dng BTN dng Wetfix
Khoa Xy Dng Cu ng - Trng i Hc Bch Khoa
TP SAN KHOA HC CNG NGH 5
Cho mng 20 nm thnh lp ngnh Xy dng Cu ng
Ch s do (Flow), mm 1 gi
1,506 2,006 2,452 2,845 3,183
Thng s Marshall, KN/mm 1 gi
3,387 3,847 3,799 3,479 2,972
n nh cn li sau 24 gi, %
63,838 73,631 84,426 85,636 79,417
Bng 5. Tng hp cc ch tiu c l BTNC Dmax25 dng 0,4% ph gia Wetfix
T mu theo hm lng nha, % 4,5 5,0 5,5 6,0 6,5
Dung trng , g/cm
3
2,435 2,469 2,487 2,496 2,491
rng cn d (Va), % 5,633 3,592 2,177 1,109 0,612
rng khung C.liu (VMA), % 16,139 15,359 15,167 15,227 15,815
1 gi
14,750 17,900 18,670 16,240 15,370 n inh Marshall
(Stability), KN
24 gi
10,530 14,250 16,290 13,630 12,440
Ch s do (Flow), mm 1 gi
2,440 2,860 3,950 3,910 4,370
Thng s Marshall, KN/mm 1 gi
6,045 6,259 4,727 4,153 3,517
n nh cn li sau 24 gi, %
71,390 79,609 87,252 83,929 80,937
Bng 6. Tng hp cc ch tiu c l BTNC Dmax19 khng dng ph gia Wetfix
T mu theo hm lng nha, % 4,5 5,0 5,5 6,0 6,5
Dung trng , g/cm
3
2,399 2,415 2,425 2,430 2,427
rng cn d (Va), %
5,411 5,700 4,763 3,997 3,543
rng khung C.liu (VMA), %
17,225 17,202 17,332 17,561 17,842
1 gi
5,816 7,495 8,433 8,736 8,391 n inh Marshall
(Stability), KN
24 gi
4,292 5,573 7,223 7,584 6,607
Ch s do (Flow), mm 1 gi
1,360 2,023 2,536 2,917 3,125
Thng s Marshall, KN/mm 1 gi
4,276 3,705 3,325 2,995 2,685
n nh cn li sau 24 gi, %
73,799 74,356 85,654 86,817 78,739
Bng 7. Tng hp cc ch tiu c l BTNC Dmax19 dng 0,4% ph gia Wetfix
T mu theo hm lng nha, % 4,5 5,0 5,5 6,0 6,5
Dung trng , g/cm
3
2,409 2,427 2,454 2,476 2,464
rng cn d (Va), %
6,641 5,219 3,449 1,915 1,676
rng khung C.liu (VMA), %
17,027 16,787 16,259 15,923 16,727
1 gi
15,040 15,510 15,680 15,160 14,750 n inh Marshall (Stability),
KN
24 gi
11,300 12,110 12,890 14,770 13,520
Ch s do (Flow), mm 1 gi
2,730 2,880 2,740 3,210 3,720
Thng s Marshall, KN/mm 1 gi
5,509 5,385 5,723 4,723 3,965
n nh cn li sau 24 gi, %
75,133 78,079 82,207 97,427 91,661
T cc bng 4, 5, 6, 7 ta c mt s nhn xt:
Khoa Xy Dng Cu ng - Trng i Hc Bch Khoa
TP SAN KHOA HC CNG NGH 6
Cho mng 20 nm thnh lp ngnh Xy dng Cu ng
Khi dng ph gia WetfixBE cc ch tiu c l ca BTN u c ci thin
ng k theo chiu hng c li nh: dung trng, rng cn d, rng khung ct
liu khong, n nh Marshall 1 gi, n nh Marshall 24 gi, ch s do Flow.
n nh Marshall 24 gi ca BTN dng WetfixBE cao hn rt nhiu so
vi n nh yu cu (8KN) cho thy loi BTN ny rt n nh nhit & n nh
nc.
Dung trng BTN khi dng WetfixBE cao hn khi khng dng ph gia cho
thy tnh nng lm tng linh ng ca nha loi ph gia ny.
Thng s Marshall ca BTN khi dng WetfixBE u tng i cao,
BTN c cng quy c ln. Cc s liu cho thy, thng s Marshall nh hn 5,
hm lng nha phi nm trong khong t 5,5 6,0%.
3.3. Cc kt qu s dng BTN dng ph gia WetfixBE d n ci to
quc l 1 v d n FL2
Theo cc nh gi bc u, vic s dng ph gia WetfixBE d n ci to
quc l 1A & d n FL2 cho thy: cht lng BTN c ci thin ng k, c bit
BTN s dng loi ph gia ny t pht sinh cc hin tng h hng nh: tri trt,
ln sng, ni nha b mt; hn ch c bin dng ln vt bnh xe.
Tuy nhin, mt s quan st cng cho thy, cc on ng c hm lng nha
thp, BTN d xut hin hin tng nt, gy do cng quy c (thng s Marshal)
qu ln.
4. KT LUN
Vic s dng ph gia tng dnh WetfixBE (hay mt loi ph gia tng dnh
no khc tng ng) l rt cn thit khi BTN s dng cc loi ct liu c tnh dnh
bm km vi nha, m bo cng v c bit l n nh cng ca loi
mt ng ny.
Chi ph cho vic s dng ph gia l khng ln (8.400/1tn BTN), cng ngh
sn xut v thi cng BTN khng c g thay i so vi BTN thng thng (32.000.000
cho 1 thit b cung cp v cn ong ph gia ti trm trn) m hiu qu t kinh t - k
thut c l ng k.
Cc quan st cc on ng p dng WetfixBE cn c tip tc trin
khai, nghin cu c th nh gi c tc dng lu di ca ph gia.
Vic s dng ph gia tng dnh WetfixBE mc d ci thin c cht lng
BTN song cng cn c nhng kim sot cht ch cng thc ch to hn hp, c bit
l hm lng nha trong qu trnh thi cng m bo cng quy c ca loi BTN
ny.
TI LIU THAM KHO
[1]. Quy trnh thi cng v nghim thu mt ng BTN ri nng 22TCN 249:98, B GTVT.
[2]. Tiu chun nha ng c dng cho ng b 22TCN 279:2001, B GTVT.
[3]. Bo co ti nghin cu khoa hc, Hong Anh Huy, Nng 2005.
[4]. Bo co ti nghin cu khoa hc, H Vn Lnh, Nng 2005.
[5]. Adhesion Promoters for Bitumen, Akzo Nobel.
[6]. Technical Information, WetfixBE, Akzo Nobel.
[7]. Adhesion Agents for Use in Hot mixes and Cutback Bitumens, A.D. James, R. Senior and
D. Stewart, Proceedings of the 3rd IRF M.E. Regional Meeting, 1988, Volume 5, 57-68.
[8]. Mt s bo co thc hin D n ADB1, ADB3, FL2.