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This study deals first and foremost with the dialectic relationship between language and
artefact and focuses its attention on its employment as a device in political ritualised practices
that challenges power relations. The aim of the project is to conceptually and empirically
artefact. The analysis includes its cultural and ‘traditional’ uses and meanings, its economic
and socio-political relationship within social groups in Bolivia, and focuses its attention on
Thus, this research focuses on two separate but complementary realms. On the one hand, it
attempts to contribute to the theoretical discussion and knowledge around the construction of
‘artefacts’ employed in political rituals, or more precisely politically ritualised practices, and
the relationship between discourse and (‘constructed’) non-verbal objects, utilised all to
communicate politically and to challenge power relations. This task is also hoped to be part
of this study’s contribution to the wider body of knowledge on the use of artefacts as political
On the other hand, it applies empirically this multidisciplinary theoretical, conceptual and
methodological construction into a case study in which the coca leaf, it is argued, operates as
located mainly in Bolivia constituting the ‘context’, whereas the ‘text’ mainly observes the
speech delivered by Bolivian president Evo Morales at 52nd Session of the United Nations