Structural engineering and design construction

2012-2013
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1. From the given truss, it is made up of guijo
100mm x 150mm. It is subjected to a vertical
load of 20 KN acting at C
Allowable stress of wooden section
Shear parallel to the grain=1.0MPa
Shear longitudinal for joints=1.45MPa
Compression parallel to grain=1.1MPa
Compression perpendicular to grain=5MPa










1. Compute the minimum length of x
a. 120 mm
b. 140
c. 150
d. 160
e. 130
2. Compute the minimum length of y
a. 12.15
b. 14.55
c. 10.75
d. 16.96
e. 20.85
3. Compute the axial stress of member AC
a. 1.78
b. 2.36
c. 1.26
d. 2.85
e. 3.33
2. A simply supported beam 10 m long has an
overhang of 2m at the left support. If a highway
uniform load of 9.35 kN/m and a concentrated
load of 116 kN, passes thru the beam compute
the fillowing based on the influence line
diagram for maximum shear at midspan.
1. Determine the length of the beam
where the uniform load could produce
maximum positive shear at the mid
span
a. 6
b. 5
c. 8
d. 7
e. 9
2. Determine the length of the beam
where the uniform load could produce
maximum negative shear at midspan
a. 4
b. 5
c. 6
d. 7
e. 8
3. If the concentrated load will be placed
at the end of the overhang, compute
the maximum shear at the midspan
3. A timber joist 40mmx190mm spaced at .3 m on
centers, carries a floor load of 2.4 kPa including
the floor finish. The joist is supported by the
girder at 3m. Two lengths of joists are used.
L=3m and L=3.5m. EI is constant throughout the
span
1. Compute the maximum flexural stress
when L=3
a. 4.15MPa
b. 5.85
c. 6.35
d. 7.78
e. 3.37
2. What is the maximum flexural stress
when L=3.5m
a. 1.15
b. 2.87
c. 4.15
d. 5.86
e. 3.18
3. What is the maximum shear stress
when L=3m
a. .21
b. .12
c. .56
d. .85
e. .98
4. A 12 mm thick steel tire has a width of 110 mm
and has an internal diameter of 800mm. The
tire is heated and shrunk to a steel wheel 800.5
mm diameter. Modulus of elasticity E=200GPa
1. Determine the tensile stress in the tire
a. 125MPa
b. 115
c. 108
d. 110
e. 111
2. Determine thbe compressive pressure
between the tire and the wheel
a. 2.15MPa
b. 4.78
c. 3.75
d. 6.33
e. 5.18
3. Determine the thickness of the tire to
resist pressure of 1.5 MPa if it has an
allowable stress of 124 MPa
a. 3.25MPa
Structural engineering and design construction
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b. 5.15
c. 2.87
d. 8.08
e. 4.84
5. A water tank 3m in diameter and 6 m high is
made from a steel having a thickness of 12mm
1. When the tank is filled with water,
determine the circumferential stress
a. 8.14MPa
b. 6.15
c. 9.87
d. 7.36
e. 5.22
2. Determine the longitudinal stress at the
bottom of the tank when it is filled with
water
a. 2.15MPa
b. 1.45MPA
c. 3.68
d. 4.78
e. 5.36
3. If the circumferential stress is limited to
5MPa, what is the maximum height of
water to which the tank maybe filled.
a. 5.85
b. 4.08m
c. 6.45
d. 7.48
e. 9.23
6. From the figure shown, a uniform load of 112
kN/m is acting downward and supported by an
upward uniform pressure of q=48kN/m


1. Determine the maximum shear
a. 45
b. 48kN
c. 53
d. 64
e. 60
2. Determine the maximum moment
a. 40 kN.m
b. 48
c. 42
d. 36
e. 33
3. Determine the distance from the left
where the flexural stress is zero
a. 2.2 m
b. 1.4
c. 4.7
d. 3.1
e. 3.5
7. A hollow steel strut with a wall thickness of
h=10mm is pin conenected to two gusset plates
having a thickness of 12 mm which are welded
to the base plate having a thickness of 12mm
and fastened to a concrete base by 4-16mm
anchor bolts. Diameter of pin is 16mm.
Compressive load P=48Kn, =30





1. Calculate the bearing stress between
the strut and the pin in MPa
a. 140
b. 30
c. 160
d. 170
e. 150
2. Calculate the shear stress in the pin in
MPa
a. 112.3
b. 126.7
c. 119.4
d. 105.7
e. 110.3
3. Calculate the shear stress in the anchor
bolt in Mpa
a. 85.47
b. 51.69
c. 66.35
d. 72.48
e. 80.23
8. Six steel cables are supporting a circular heavy
moulding of diameter 2m from an overhead
point. If the moulding weighs 2.5kn/m and the
attachment point is 3m above it, determine the
following
1. Find the tension in each steel wire
a. 276
b. 215
c. 245
d. 176
e. 155
2. What is the diameter of the wire that
will not exceed the allowable stress of
124 Mpa
a. 6
b. 5
c. 4mm
d. 3
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e. 7
3. If the wire is 10mm, find the vertical
displacement of the molder
a. .254mm
b. .887
c. .527
d. .369
e. .415mm
9. A W420x85 steel beam is fully restrained with a
uniformly distributed superimposed load of
25kn/m. The beam has a span of 10m.
Properties of W420 x 85, A=10839 mm
2
,
bf=18mm, tf=18mm, is=310x10
4
, d=420mm,
tw=11
1. Compute the bending stress in Mpa
a. 168.58
b. 145.83
c. 155.45
d. 178.48
e. 180.23
2. Compute the maximum web shear
stress
a. 16.77
b. 14.15
c. 15.15
d. 18.36
e. 17.42
3. Compute the maximum horizontal
shear stress in Mpa
a. 17.41
b. 18.23
c. 16.23
d. 15.28
e. 19.41
10. To retain the backfill, treated timber piles
braced by the horizontal struts are anchored to
be dropped at 3m spacing. The piles are
considered hinged at the base. Unit weight of
the soil=17.3kN/m
3
, ka=1/3, unit weight of
water=9.81, h1=2.1m, h2=3.3m, h3=2.7m.
allowable bending stress fs=14.7MPa, allowable
shear stress fv=1.48MPa.
1. If the struts are hinged at anchor rod
location, determine the design
maximum moment of the strut
a. 75.15 KN.m
b. 63.83
c. 70.36
d. 87.42
e. 83.26
2. If the strut depth is 300 mm, determine
the safe width in bending
a. 300mm
b. 250
c. 270
d. 330
e. 290
3. Determine the safe width in shear
a. 323
b. 315
c. 288
d. 236
e. 296
11. A 250 mm pole is 3m high is fixed at the base. It
is subjected to a compressive force of 3 Kn
acting at its centroid and a .45 KN lateral force
applied at the top. What is the maximumshear
stress in the pole?
a. .012MPa
b. .025
c. .039
d. .078
e. .045
12. A hollow circular pole 6 mm thick with 300 mm
outside diameter and height of 3m weighs
150n/m. The pole is subjected to the following
vertical load P=3KN at an eccentricity e=100mm
from the centroid of the section, lateral force
H=.45 kn at the top of the pole
1. Determine the maximum compressive
stress at the base due to the loads
a. 1.29Mpa
b. 2.36
c. 3.42
d. 4.15
e. .78
2. Determine the maximum tensile stress
at the base due to vertical and lateral
loads
a. -2.36MPa
b. -4.15Mpa
c. -5.48Mpa
d. -8.23MPa
e. -3.58 MPa
3. If the hollow pole is replaced by a solid
wood pole of 250 mm, determine the
maximum shear stress at the base
a. .012 MPa
b. .025
c. .039
d. .078
e. .015
13. A large pipe called a penstock in hydraulic work
is 1.5 m in diameter. Here it is composed of
wooden steved bound together by flat steel
bands 50 mm wide by 6mm thick with a
maximum tensile stress permitted in the steel
bands of 300 MPa
1. Determine the maximum bursting
pressure if the tank contains water to a
Structural engineering and design construction
2012-2013
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depth of 30m, max. Density of water is
1000kg/m
3

a. 294.3 kPa
b. 326.5
c. 278.4
d. 312.6
e. 302.6
2. determine the tensile force in each
steel bands if it has a factor of safety of
2.5
a. 35000N
b. 34000N
c. 37000
d. 36000
e. 38000
3. determine the spacing of the bands
near the bottom of the penstock
a. 175mm
b. 203mm
c. 218
d. 358
e. 163
14. A 12 m long beam is simply supported at the
right end and at 3m from the left end. It is to be
designed for moving uniformly distributed load.
For max. Negative moment, what is the total
length of the beam which should be loaded?
a. 1m
b. 2
c. 4
d. 3
e. 5
15. A rectangular footing, .70 m thick, 2.5m wide
along the y-axis and 3, long along the x-axis,
supports concentrically a column .4m square
subjected to the following loads, Axial
load=1200kN, moment about y-axis, My=360
kN.m, height of backfill on top of the
footing=1.5m, concrete unir weight=24kN/m
3
,
soil unit weight=17kN/m
3

1. Calculate the max. Net soil pressure
a. 289 kPa
b. 326
c. 311
d. 256
e. 308
2. Calculate min net soil pressure
a. 53 kPa
b. 60
c. 48
d. 64
e. 32
3. Calculate the gross safe soil bearing
capacity
a. 205.2
b. 197.4
c. 211.3 kPa
d. 228.4
e. 190.4
16. A 10m long beam is simply supported at the left
end and at 2m from the right end. It is to be
analyzed for moving uniformly distributed load,
for max. Shear at the midspan. What is the total
length of the beam which should be subjected
to the moving load?
a. 7m
b. 8m
c. 5m
d. 8m
e. 9m
17. A barge shown diagrammatically supports the
load W1 and W2 for every one meter strip
along the longitudinal section.w1=145kn/m
w2=290 kn/m l1=3m, l2=6m, l3=3m



1. Find the total length L so that the
upwatrd pressure is uniform and that
the barge remains horizontal
a. 10m
b. 12m
c. 18m
d. 15m
e. 22m
2. If the upward pressure is 72 kn/m, what
is the ahear at 3m from the left end
a. -236kn
b. -285kn
c. -345
d. -328
e. -219
3. If the upward pressure is 87 kn/m, at
what distance from the left end will the
shear in the barge be equal to zero?
a. 5m
b. 4m
c. 6m
d. 7m
e. 8m
18. The horizontal distance from A at one end of
the river to frame C at the other end is 20m.
The cable carries a load W=50kN.

Structural engineering and design construction
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1. at what distance from A is the load W
such that the tension in the segment AD
of the cable is equal to segment CD
a. 12m
b. 10m
c. 15m
d. 20m
e. 18m
2. when the load W is at distance x1=5m
from A, the sag in the cable is 1m.
Calculate the tension in the segment DC
of the cable
a. 156.38
b. 187.90
c. 164.42
d. 175.28
e. 190.36
3. If the sag in the cable is 1m at a
distance x1=5m, what is the total length
of the cable/
a. 12.14m
b. 16.28
c. 20.13
d. 22.48
e. 18.12
19. A 10 m long beam is simply supported at the
right end and 2m from the left end. What is the
ordinate of the influence line for maximum
shear at midspan?
a. .5
b. .2
c. 1.3
d. .8
e. .3
20. An 8mm thick steel tank has an outside
diameter of 600 mm and a length of 3m. It is
subjected to an internal pressure of 2Mpa.
1. Determine the circumferential stress in
the tank
a. 56
b. 73
c. 60
d. 78
e. 95
2. Find the longitudinal stress in tha tank
a. 36.5
b. 48.5
c. 42.3
d. 56.8
e. 63.4
3. To what value could the internal
pressure be increased if the allowable
design stress is 120 Mpa
a. 2.15
b. 1.78
c. 4.45
d. 3.28
e. 5.85
21. Figure shows a circular steel plate supported on
3 posts, A, B, and C which are equally spaced
along its circumference. A load W=1350 N is at a
distance x=.5m from the post at A along the x-
axis. Diameter of the steel plate is 1.8m






1. Find the reaction at post A, neglecting
the weight of the steel plate
a. 780N
b. 850
c. 720
d. 750
e. 880
2. Find the reaction at post B, neglect
weight of the steel plate
a. 230N
b. 200N
c. 250N
d. 210N
e. 300N
3. Compute the reaction at C, considering
the weight of plate if it has a thickness
of 16mm and has a unit weight of
77kN/m
3
.
a. 1125N
b. 1230
c. 1345
d. 1520
e. 1295
22. The suspended girder shown is supported by
series of hangers uniformly spaced along a
parabolic cable






Structural engineering and design construction
2012-2013
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1. What is the tension in the cable at
midspan, point B whose slope is zero
a. 350N
b. 330
c. 360
d. 340
e. 300
2. What is the vertical reaction at support
A
a. 160Kn
b. 150kN
c. 170
d. 200
e. 180
3. What is the resulting sag y if the
maximum tension in the cable is 300 kn
a. 5.56m
b. 6.78m
c. 7.18
d. 3.42
e. 4.15
23. A cantilever hollow circular bar 5mm thick with
outside diameter of 75mm is subjected to a
torque of 3Kn.m at its free end. Find the max
shear stress in hte bar
a. 83.10Mpa
b. 75.15
c. 63.38
d. 90.48
e. 66.88
24. A weight W is suspended from a fine wire AB
and a very flexible wire BCD which passes over a
frictionless pulley at C. The end of the wire BCD
is attached to a 10KN weight and the wires
makes an angle shown with the vertical,





1. Which of the following gives the tension
in wire AB
a. 10.3
b. 12.2
c. 15.8
d. 18.6
e. 20.7
2. Which of the following gives the weight
a. 10.3Kn
b. 11.5
c. 15.6
d. 13.5
e. 14.8
3. Which of the following gives the vertical
reaction at C
a. 11kN
b. 10
c. 15
d. 12
e. 13
25. The pin jointed assembly supportsa a billboard
3 m high 4m wide on each end. The total weight
of the billboard is 30kN.H=1.5m, =60, wind
pressure q=1.7kPa, wind pressure coefficient,
C=1.0





1. Determine the horizontal reaction at A
a. 13.2kN
b. 22.8
c. 10.7
d. 15,8
e. 20.6
2. How much is the normal stress in strut
BC, with cross sectional dimensions of
6mmx76mm
a. 75.68Mpa
b. 87.25
c. 96.68
d. 80.36
e. 91.67
3. If the strut AB were placed by a 16mm
steel cable, determine the normal stress
in the cable
a. 90.7 mPa
b. 93.6
c. 95.7
d. 80.3
e. 85.4
26. An 8mm diameter steel rod, 20 m long supports
a 10Kn weigjt. Find the max tensile stress in the
rod. Unit weight of steel is 77kn/m
3

a. 156.87MPa
b. 179.48
c. 180.38
d. 190.70
e. 215.42

Structural engineering and design construction
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27. Three cables are used to support the load W as
shown in the figure




1. Determine the tension in cable AB
a. 533.64
b. 589.47
c. 635.68
d. 618.42
e. 685.28
2. Determine the tension in cable AC
a. 90.58
b. 95.68
c. 88.15
d. 84.39
e. 92.4
3. Determine the tension in cable AD
a. 479.34
b. 526.38
c. 518.72
d. 453.26
e. 411.18
28. the hook is subjected to three forces A, B, and C
as shown , A=35kn B=45kn





1. if the resultant of forces is 80 kn and is
acting along the positive x-axis, find the
angle
a. 20.58
b. 18.75
c. 25.69
d. 22.85
e. 31.47
2. If =60, what is the value of force C
such that the resultant of forces A, B,
and C acts along the x-axis?
a. 56kn
b. 67
c. 50
d. 53
e. 45
3. For the forces A,Band C to be in
equilibrium. What is the magnitude f
the resulting force C
a. 32.5
b. 40.9
c. 44.7
d. 56.3
e. 88.7
29. A load W =30kn is lifted by a boom BCD making
an angle =60 from the vertical axis. Neglect
the weight of the boom




1. Determine the angle between cables
AC and AD
a. 25
b. 32
c. 28
d. 30
e. 35
2. Determine the horizontal reaction at B
a. 63.58
b. 51.95
c. 56.48
d. 43.15
e. 40.44
3. Determine hte tension in cable AC
a. 22.15
b. 20.36
c. 18.45
d. 10.36
e. 23.25
30. A flat circular pole lies in the horizontal (xz)
plane and is supported at the three
circumferential points as shown. The weight of
the plate is W





1. Which of the following gives the
reaction at A
a. .38W
b. .34W
c. .28W
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2012-2013
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d. .30W
e. .42W
2. Which of the following gives the
reaction at b
a. .38W
b. .28W
c. .34W
d. .30W
e. .42W
3. Which of the following gives the
reaction at c
a. .38W
b. .34W
c. .30W
d. .42W
e. .28W
31. A tripod supports the load W as shown in the
figure.






1. Determine the maximum load W that
can be supported by the tripod if the
capacity of each leg is limited to 10KN
a. 23kn
b. 10
c. 15
d. 18
e. 32
2. If the load W=50 kn, calculate the force
in the leg AD
a. 25.66
b. 23.17
c. 20.84
d. 38.7
e. 34.16
3. If the oad w=50 kn, calculate the force
in leg AB
a. 23.36
b. 28.75
c. 33.23
d. 30.53
e. 21.74
32. A vertical load P=800 KN applied to the tripod
shown causes a compressive force of 256 KN in
leg AB and a compressive force of 283 Kn in leg
AC





1. Determine the value of x of its lower
end d
a. 1
b. 2
c. 3
d. 4
e. 5
2. Determine the value of z
a. 1
b. 2
c. 3
d. 4
e. 5
3. Determine the force in leg AD
a. 563.2
b. 425.8
c. 456.5
d. 485.3
e. 433.8
33. The three hinged arc supports the load F1=8kn
and F2=5kn, assuming h=2m.




1. Determine the total reaction at C
a. 4.25
b. 3.06
c. 5.69
d. 5.48
e. 7.12
2. Determine the total reaction at A
a. 1.25
b. 2.36
c. 5.93
d. 3.75
e. 4.48
3. Determine the raction at B
a. 6.25
b. 5.78
c. 4.23
d. 8.33
e. 7.31
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34. The parabolic cable shown carries a uniformly
distributed load of 20kn/m
1. Find the tension at B
a. 258
b. 326
c. 312
d. 287
e. 302
2. Compute the tension in cable at A
a. 415.5
b. 326.9
c. 456.6
d. 387.6
e. 357.9
3. Compute the tension in cable at C
a. 436.4
b. 562.9
c. 478.7
d. 523.6
e. 504.7
35. the super structure of a bridge consists of a
ribbed metal deck with 50 mm comlete slab on
the top. The deck is supported by wide flange
steel beams strengthened by cover plate 16mm
x 250 mm one at the top and one at the
bottom. It is simply supported on a span of
25m. Each of the cover plated steel beams is
subjected to the following data:
DL=12kn/m
LL=17.8 front wheel and 71.2 KN rear wheel
Distance between wheel loads=4.27 m
Impact on live load is 15/L+37 with a maximum
of 30%.
Properties of W830
A=22387 d=835 tw=14mm
Tf=19mm bf=290 mm
Ix=2500X10
6
Iy=78x10
6

1. what is the maximum flexural stress in
the cover plated beamdue to dead
load?
2. What is the maximum flexural stress in
the cover plated beam due to live load
plus impact
3. What is the max web shear stress in the
beam
36. Figure shows the floor framing plan of a
reinforced concrete building. All beams re
300mmX500mm
Slab thickness=100mm
Superimposed deadload=3kpa
Liveload=4.8kpa
Concrete unit wt=24kn/m3
The column at e and H are deleted thus girder
behk alone supports the beam Def at E and
beam GHI at H






1. Calculate the uniformly distributed
service dead load at beam DEF
2. Calculate the uniformly service liveload
at beam DEF
3. Calculate the total ultimate load
concentrated at E induced by beam DEF
using the tributary area method
37. When the columns E and H of the floor framing
plan shown are deleted, girder BEHK becomes
one span fixed ended beam supporting beam
DEF at E and beam GHI at H. The following loads
on girder BEHK are as follows:
Concentrated load at E=266 kN
Concentrated load at H=266kN
Uniform load throughout its length=5kN/m









1. Calculate the resulting shear at B due to
the given load
2. Calculate the maximum shear at E
induced by the concentrated loads
3. Calculate the max. Positive moment
due to the uniformly distributed load
38. Built up column 10m long consists of W350x90
with twoplates welded to form a box section
with respect to x axis, the column is fixed, y-axis
column is braced at midheight
Properties of WF section
A=11540
Ix=2.66x10^8
Iy=.44x10^8
Bf=250,,
Tf=16mm
Tw=10mm
Fy=248Mpa
1. Compute the effective slenderness ratio
with respect to x-axis
2. Compute the effective slenderness ratio
with respect to y-axis
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3. Compute the axial load capacity
39. A lapped bolted tension member is shown.
Diameter of bolts are 18mm and the plate
material is A36 steel, Fy=250Mpa, Fu=400
assume the fasteners are adequate and do not
control the tensile capacity. Diameter of hole is
2mm bigger the diameter of the bolt.




1. Determine the tensile capacity of the
lapped joint on gross area
2. Determine the tensile capacity of the
lapped joint based on net area
3. Determine the tensiole capacity of the
lapped joint based on block shear
strength
40. A fixed ended beam has a span of 10m and
supports a superimposed uniformly distributed
load 0f 25 kn/n
Properties of W420x85
A=10830
Bf=180
Tf=18
D=470
Ix=315x10^6
Iy=18x10^6
Tw=11mm
Consider bending about the major axis
1. Calculate the maximum bending stress
fbx
2. Compute the maximum web shear
stress
3. Calculate the maximum horizontal
shear stress
41. A W450x90 beam is to be supported by a
250mm wide concrete wall with fc=27.5 Mpa.
Beam loads induce and end reaction of 240 kN
Beam properties are as follows
D=450 tf=18 bf=190mm tw=10mm
K=35 Fy=248
Allowable bearing stress on support. Fp=.35fc
Allowable bending stress in pile, Fb=.75Fy
1. What is the width of bearing plate
required if the bearing length is 100mm
2. If the critical section for bending plates
is at a distance K from the centroidal y-
axis of the web, find the required
bearing plate thickness
3. Determine the web yielding stress
which occurs at distance (N+2.5K)
where N is the length of the bearing
plate, N=100mm
42. The typical T-section shown results from
monolithic construction of the slab and its
supporting beam
Effective flange width bf=1250mm
Slab thickness t=120
Web width bw=350
Total depth below the slab h=480mm
To reinforcement=3-25 mm
Bottom =5-25mm
Fc=20.7 fy=415
Concrete cover to the centroid of
reinforcements=70mm
Balance steel ratio=.021
1. Determine the nominal bending
strength for positive moment
2. Find the nominal bending strength for
negative moment
3. What is the resulting shear stress in
the beam if it is subjected to a factored
shear force Vu=180 KN
43. A beam with width b=250mm and depth d=450
mm is prestressed by an initial force of 600 kN.
Total loss of prestress at service load is 15%
1. Calculate the resulting final
compressive stress if the prestressing
force is applied at the centroid of the
beam section
2. Calculate the final compressive stress if
the prestressing force is applied at an
eccentricity of 100mm below the
centroid of the beam section
3. Calculate the eccentricity at which the
pre stressing force can be applied so
that the resulting tensile stress at the
top fiber of the beam is zero.
44. Beam section is b=300mm, h=450mm. Effective
depth d=380mm, compressive strength of
concrtete, fc=30mpa, fy=415 MPa. The beam is
simply supported on a span of 5m and carries
the following loads:
Superimposed deadload=16kn/m
Liveload=14kn/m
1. What is the maximum moment at
ultimate condition
2. Find the number of 16 mm bars
required if the design moment at
ultimate load is 200kn.m
3. If the beam carries an ultimate
concentrated load of 50kn at midspan,
what is the number of 16mm bars
required?
45. Two channels are welded at the tip of the
flanges to form a box column
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Properties of each channel:
A=5350 tw=10mm
D=250mm Ix=52x10^6
Iy=5x10^6 bf=100mm tf=15mm
Distance from the centroidal y-axis of the
channel to the outer surface of the web,
x=29mm column height=4m and effective
length factor K=1.0 on both axes. The major axis
of the channel is the x axis of the built up
column.
1. Calculate the axial compressive stress in
the colum due to a concentric load of
900kn
2. Determine the maximum bending stress
in the column due to a moment of 270
KN.m about the x-axis
3. What is the critical slenderness ratio of
the built up column
46. The flooring of a warehouse is made up of
double tee joists(DT) as shown. The joists are
simply supported on a span 7.5m and are
pretensions with one tendon in each stem with
an initial force of 745 kn each located 75mm
above the bottom fiber, loss of stress at service
load is 18%






Load imposed on the joists are:
Dead load=2.3kPa
Live load=6kpa
Properties of DT
A=200000mm
2

I=1880x10
6

ytop=88mm
ybottom=267mm
a=2.4m
1. Compute the stress at the bottom fiber
of the DT at midspan due to initial pre
stressing force alone
2. Compute the resulting stress at the
bottom fibers of the DT at midspan due
to the service loads and prestress force
3. What additional superimposed load can
the DT carry such that the resulting
stress at the bottom fibers at midspan
is zero?
47. A square footing 2.4mx2.4m..45m thick
supports a rectangular column .35mx.40m at its
center
Colum loads are service conditions:
DL=680Kn LL=400Kn
Fc=20.7 fy=275MPa
Concrete cover to the centroid of steel
reinforcement=100mm
1. Calculate the maximum wide beam
shear stress
2. What is the maximum punching shear
stress
3. Determine the number 20 mm bars
required for critical moment
48. To comply with architectural requirements, a
column in a nonsway frame is f T-section
Given data:
Longitudinal bars:
As1=6-20mm bars in compression
As2=4-28mm bars in tension
Fy=415MPa fc=27.5
Lateral ties
10mm bars with fy=275
Clear concrete cover to the ties=40mm
Dimensions:
H1=250mm b1=150mm
H2=350mm b2=300mm
Consider bending about line 2. Neglect
concrete area displaced by the compression
steel
1. Which of the following gives the
location of the geometric centroid of
the section from line1 along the x-axis
2. Which of the following gives the
location of the plasyic centroid of the
section from line1 along the x-axis. For
all bars fs=fy
3. If theT section is reinforced such that
the plastic centroid of the section falls
at 280mm from the line 1 along the x-
axis. Determine the bending moment
Mu induced by the factored load
Pu=3200 kN acting along x-axis at 400
mm from line 1
49. Two plates each with thickness t=16mm are
bolted together with 6-22mm bolts forming a
lap connection. Bolt spacing are as
follows:s1=40mm, S2=80mm, S3=100mm bolt
hole diameter=25mm
Allowable stress:
Tensile stress on gross area of the plate=.60fy
Tensile stress on net area of the plate=.50Fu
Shear stress of the bolt=Fv=120MPa
Bearing stress of the bolt:Fp=1.2Fu
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Calculate the permissible tensile load P under
the following conditions.
1. Based on shear capacity of bolts
2. Based on bearing capacity of bolts
3. Based on block shear strength
50. The wind pressure coefficients on the gable
frame shown subjected to wind pressure,
p=1.44kPa and as follows. Wind force is a
pressure if the coefficient is positive and a
suction if the coefficient is negative. Design
wind force is computed as a product of the
wind pressure and the coefficient. Consider
design tributary width of the gable frame as 6m.
If the roller support at B were changed to a
hinged support and a hinged is added at D













1. Compute the vertical reaction at A
2. Determine the horizontal reaction at B
3. Determine the horizontal reaction at A
51. A simply supported beam is reinforced with 4-
28mm at the bottom and 2-28mm at the top.
Steel covering to the centroid of reinforcement
is 70mm at the top and bottom of the beam.
The beam has a total depth of 400 mm and a
width of 300mm. Fc=30MPa, fy=415MPa.
Balanced steel ratio=.031
1. Determine teh depth of the
compression block
2. Determine the design strength using .90
as reduction factor
3. Determine the live load at midspan in
addition to DL=20kN/m including the
weight of the beam if it has a span og
6m
52. A concrete block of weight W holds a ring
anchor bolt to which are fastened two guy wires
as shown





1. Calculate the resultant force oon the
bolt
2. Determine the angle which the
resultant pull makes with the horizontal
3. To prevent uplift, what is the minimum
weight of the concrete block W if the
required factor of safety is 1.3
53. A simply supported beam spans 8m abd
supports a sumperimposed uniformly
distributed load of 20kN./m
1. What is the maximum bending stress
2. How much is the maximum web shear
stress?
3. Calculate the maximum horizontal
shear stress
54. From the figure shown











1. Calculate the tensile stress ii\n the body
of the bolt
2. Find the tensile stress at the root of the
threads
3. Find the compressive stress at the head
aas the bolt bears on the surface to
resist the tensile oad
55. A tension member made up of a pair of angles is
connected as shown with 4-25 mm bolts in
standard holes. All structural steel is A-36.
Assuming that the connection between the
angle and the structural tee is satisfactory
Allowable bolt shear=117MPa
Allowable tensile stress=150MPa
Allowable bearing stress=480MPa










1. Find the value of P by shear anf tension
2. Find the value of P by bearing
3. What is the diameter of bolt if P=360kN
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56. A Wshape girder is to be used as a bridge crane
runway girder. The girder is on a simple span of
6m. Assume that the crane wheel imparts a
vertical load of 80kN and a lateral load 8 kN at
the midspan applied at the top flange of the
girder. A standard rail weighing 67kg/m will be
used. Assume the top flange is not laterally
braced between end supports
Properties of W section
Sx=1280x10^3 Fbx=207MPa
Sy=361x10^3 Fby=238Mpa
1. Determine the bending stress along the
x-axis
2. Determine the bending stress along the
y-axis
3. Determine the ration of the actual
bending stresses to the allowable
bending stress
57. Figure shows a picture frame of weight
W=150kN held by a cor AB and AC. Find the
tension in the cord AB







58. A rectangular footing 2.5m wide along the y-
axis, 3 m long along the x-axis supports a
circular pedestal, .45m in diameter. The
horizontal force acting at the top of the
pedestal along the footing is 144kN. The total
axial load from the pedestal is 1200 kN.
Thickness of the footing is .70 m height of
backfill on top of the footing is 1.5m depth from
the top of the pedestal to the base of footing is
2.5m. concrete unit weight =24kN/m^3. Unit
weight of soil=17kN/m3
1. Calculate the max. Net soil pressure
2. Calculate the min net soil pressure
3. Calculate the required soil bearing
capacity
59. The tensile member shown 50mmx75mm in
cross section is subjected to a load PAA makes
an angle 15 with the x-axis









1. What is the tensile stress at section A-A
2. Determine the shear stress on plane A-
A
3. At what angle of plane A-A is the shear
stress maximum?
60. A steel pipe column steel base plate and a
concrete pedestal. Column ends are hinged and
sidesway is prevented.
Given:
Axial load=800kN
Colum outside diameter=260mm
Column unsupported length=3m
Allowable compressive stress=55MPa
Allowable bearing stress on the
pedestal=10MPa
1. What is the minimum required
thickness of the column based on the
allowable compressive stre4ss
2. Find the minimum required diameter of
the base plate
3. If the thickness of the column is 10mm,
calculate the slenderness ratio
61. The weight if a cylindrical tank is negligible in
comparison to the weight of water it contains
(water weighs 9.81 kN/m^3). The tank and the
horizontal surface is s.
1. Assuming a full tank, find the smallest
force P required to tip the tank
2. Find the smallest coefficient of static
friction s that would allow tipping to
take place
3. If the force P=6.5kN initiates tipping,
determine the depth of water in the
tank
62. A cantilever truss is pin connected at joint D
and is supported by a roller at G. Spacing of
trusses is 3m. If the wind load is 1.44kPa







1. Determine the horizontal reaction at
the hinged support
2. Determine the stress of member AB
3. Determine the stress of member BE







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63. A building for office use is designed using the
prestressed hollow core slab shown







Properties of slab are as follows
A=1.2x10
5
mm
2

St=Sb=4.16x10
6
mm
3

The slab is prestressed with 500kN force at an
eccentricity , e=38mm below the centroid of the
section. The weight of the slab is 2.35 kPa,
superimposed ddeadload is 2.0kPA, live
load=2.4kPa. the slab is simply supported on
bearings at L=7.5m. allowable stresses at
service loads are 3.2 MPa in tension and 18.5
Mpa in compression. Consider 20% loss of
prestress at service loads.
1. Determine the resulting stress at the
bottom fibers of the slab at L/4 from
the center of bearings
2. Determine teh resulting stress at the
bottom fibers of the slab at midspan
3. Determine the maximum total load
kN/m that the slab can carry if the
allowable stresses at service loads are
not to be exceeded.
64. ratio of the equivalent diameter of a bulky
particle to the length of particle is called
1. porosity
2. angularity
3. celerity
4. sphericity
5. none of these
65. a slump test is done in order primarily to
determine
1. workability
2. water content
3. air content
4. water to cement ratio
5. none of the above
66. it is the measure of the energy release
1. epicentre of an earthquake
2. magnitude of an earthquake
3. focus of an earthquake
4. intensity of an earthquake
5. none of the above
67. a beam made up of one or more steel plates
sandwiched between wood beams and held in
place by bolts through the assembly is known
as:
1. flitoh beam
2. composite beam
3. reinforced beam
4. lap joint
5. none of the above
68. in concrete materials, the law for a mixture of
workable consistency states that the strength of
concrete is determined by the ratio of water to
cement is called
1. pascals law
2. abrams law
3. newtons la
4. Simpsons law
5. none of the above
69. the linear portion of the stress-strain diagram of
steel is known as the
1. modulus of elongation
2. plastic range
3. elastic range
4. locus of yield points
5. none of the above
70. the gradual deformation of concrete under
continuously applied load or stress
1. fatigue
2. relaxation
3. shrinkage
4. creep
5. none of these
71. in the [placement of concrete, the accumulation
of small inert particle of cement and aggregate
on the surface caused by an excess of water
which when it evaporates leaves a thin layer,
causing a weakened plane for subsequent pour
is calle d
1. laitance
2. stucco
3. sudd
4. honeycomb
5. none of the above
72. it is the measure of the damage level
1. epicentre of an earthquake
2. magnitude of an earthquake
3. focus of an earthquake
4. intensity of an earthquake
5. none of the above
73. it refers to the tendency of a body to return to
its original size and shape after having been
stretched, compressed and deformed
1. plasticity
2. elasticity
3. malleability
4. ductility
5. none of the above
74. a test to determine the consistency of freshly
mixed concrete by measuring the depth of
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penetration of a cylindrical metal weight with a
hemispherical bottom is called as:
1. pig ball test
2. cylindrical test
3. ball test
4. drip test
5. none of the above
75. which term refers to the force generated by a
body at rest?
1. impact
2. impulse
3. dynamic
4. static
76. what do you call the force which determines
whether the body will be in equilibrium or will
have a varying state of motion?
1. equilibrium
2. resultant
3. momentum
4. impulse
77. identify the principle used in equations related
to the deformation of axially loaded material
1. that the stress is proportional to the
strain within the elastic region
a. hookes law
b. youngs modulud
c. poisons ratio
d. st. venants principle
2. that the deformation of axially loaded
members, the ratio of the lateral to the
longitudinal strain is constant
a. poisons ratio
b. st. venants principle
c. hookes law
d. youngs modulus
3. that within elastic rrange, it is the
constant proportionality that defines
the linear relationship between stress
and strain
a. poisons ratio
b. st. venants principle
c. hookes law
d. youngs modulus
78. which structural member has the ratio of its
unsupported height to its least lateral
dimension of not less than 3 and is used
primarily to support axial load
1. pedestal
2. column
3. deep beam
corbel
79. what do you call the retaining force acting
opposite a body in motion?
1. inertia
2. dynamic
3. static friction
4. kinetic friction
80. what property of a material enables it to under
large permanent strains before failure
1. proportional limit
2. strain hardening
3. ductility
4. creep
81. The frame shown in the figure supports a load
W at H. for this problem, x=2m, y1=1.5m,
y2=3.2m y3=.5m and a=.8m. member BD passes
through a pin at which is rigidly attached to
member AC. neglect the weight of the beam






1. if W=100N, determine the total reaction
at C
2. if the tension in the tie rod is 1800N,
what is the load W
3. if W=100N, determine the reaction at A
82. for the truss shown, determine the following







1. reaction at the roller support
2. axial force on member DF
3. axial force on member EF
83. a transmission tower is loaded as shown.
assume roller support at A and hinge support t
B








1. determine the reaction at A
2. determine the total reaction at B
3. determine the force in member EJ
84. a 60# m long ladder weighing 600 N is shown. it
is required to determine the horizontal reaction
for P that must be exerted at point C to prevent
the ladder from sliding. the coefficient of
friction between the ladder and the surface at A
and B is .20
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1. determine the reaction at A
2. determine the reaction at B
3. determine the required force at B
85. a precast concrete slab is lifted by four cables as
shown. unit weight of concrete is 23.5kN/m







1. determine the tensile force in each
cable
2. what is the tensile stress in each cable if
its diameter is 16mm
3. if each cable deforms by 1mm, what is
the vertical deflection of concrete?
86. for the pin connection shown, the allowable
shearing stress in the pin is 140MPa and the
allowable bending stress between the pin and
the plates is 320MPa








1. determine the value of P without
exceeding the allowable shearing stress
in the pin
2. determine the value of P without
exceeding the allowable bearing stress.
#
87. a bolted splice connection is shown. the bolts
are 20mm in diameter A325 bolts with an
allowable shearing stress of 207MPa. the plates
are A36 steel with Fy=248 and Fu=400 MPa. for
this problem, b=200 mm, x1=40mm, x2=60mm
and y1=60mm.hole diameter is 22mm.








allowable stresses on plate:
tension on gross area=.6Fy
tension on net area=.5Fu
shear=blockshear=.3Fu
1. find the value of P based on gross area
yielding
2. find the value of P based on tension on
net area
3. find the value of P based on block shear
4. find the value of P based on bolt sjear
88. the rigid beam supports a load W at C. the
beam is hinged at A and supported by a steel
rod at B. W=22kN, determine the following







1. shearing stress in the pin at D
2. vertical deflection at B
3. vertical deflection at C
89. the arched beam AB is subjected to a tensile
force of T=12kN







1. calculate the moment at D
2. calculate the shear at D
3. calculate the axial force at D
90. a 10 m long beam is simply supported as shown






1. determine the maximum positive
moment when x1=2n
2. determine the value of x1 if the
moment at midspan is zero
3. what value of x1 will produce the least
critical moment in the beam
91. a truck with axle loads of 35kN and 105kN on a
wheel base of 4.3m rolls across a 25m span
1. compute the maximum support
reaction
2. calculate the maximum shearing force
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3. calculate the maximum bending
moment
92. the frame shown is subjected t the following
vertical roof loads distributed uniformly along
the roof surface.
dead load=1.8Pa
live load=800Pa
the frame is hinged at A and B and pin connected at
D. the frames are spaced 6m









1. determine the reaction at D
2. determine the maximum axial force in
member DE
3. what is the maximum shear in member
DE?
4. what is the maximum positive moment
in DE?
5. what is the maximum negative moment
in DE?
93. A W18x130 beam supports a 100mm thick slab
as shown. the width of slab effective as flange is
1.8 m. allowable working stress in steel and
concrete are 124MPa and 12MPa respectively.
Assume that steel and concrete are well bonded
together. modular ratio n=9 transform concrete
to steel
1. determine the location of the neutral
axis of the composite section measured
from the top of the slab
2. determine the maximum moment
capacity of the beam based on steel
strength
3. determine the maximum moment
capacity of the beam based on
concrete strength
94. the 800 mmx600mm reinforced concrete
column shown is reinforced with twelve 28mm
diameter bars. concrete strength fc=21 MPa
and steel yield strength fy=415MPa








1. find the location of the plastic centroid
from the y-axis
2. find the nominal axial load capacity of
the column
3. which of the following gives the
minimum clear spacing of longitudinal
bars of this column
95. a pile cap is shown. the column s 400mm x
400mm and carries a service load of 900 kN and
service live load 1300kN. centroid main
reinforcing bars are located 85mm from the
bottom of the footing. use fc=21Mpa and
fy=345MPa








1. calculate the required footing thickness
based on wide beam shear
2. calculate the required footing thickness
based on punching shear
3. what is the factored moment at the
critical section for moment
96. the cantilever retaining wall retains soli having a
unit weight of 18kn/m^3 and angle of shearing
resistance of 30. unit wt of concrete=23.5.
neglect the effects of soil at the right side of the
wall









1. calculate the factor of safety against
sliding if the coefficient of friction
between the base and the foundation is
.6
2. calculate the maximum service moment
at the stem per meter length of the wall
3. if the stem is to be reinforced with
20mm bars with centroid 85mm from
the extreme concrete, what is the
required spacing of bars? fc=24 fy=345
97.
98.


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