Number Systems

Learning Outcomes
1. To classify and graph real numbers.

1. To identify and use properties of real numbers.



All positive whole
numbers greater than 0.
N is the letter used to
represent natural
numbers.
N = {1, 2, 3}




All positive and negative
whole numbers including
0.
Z is the letter used to
represent Integers.
Z = {-2, -1, 0, 1, 2}

If we were to draw a Venn Diagram of Natural numbers and
Integers what would it look it?
N
1
5
3
8
Z
0
-4
-10






Numbers that can be
written in the form p/q,
where p and q are
integers and q 0.
Q is the letter used to
represent rational
numbers.
An example of a rational
number would be or -
or .

Numbers that cannot be
written as a fraction.
R\Q is used to represent
irrational numbers.
All rational number + all
irrational numbers = set of
real numbers.
Looking back at our Venn Diagram from before, can we now
draw in all the Rational Numbers?
N
1
5
3
8
Z
0
-4
-10
Q


-
R\Q
3


Complete the table below by ticking the relevant box for
each number. Remember more than one box can be ticked.


Number / Set N Z Q R\Q
8
-4
3
4
8





Commutative Properties of
Addition and Multiplication
Changing the order of the numbers does not change the
sum.


Changing the order of the factors does not change the
product.

Addition
Example : 3 + 4 = 4 + 3

Algebra : a + b = b + a
where a and b are real numbers

Multiplication
Example : 2 ( 4 ) = 4 ( 2 )

Algebra : a x b = b x a
where a and b are real numbers

Associative Properties of
Addition and Multiplication

Changing the grouping of the numbers does not change
the sum.

Changing the grouping of the factors does not change
the product.
Addition
Example : (5 + 6) + 3 = 5 + (6 + 3)
Algebra : (a + b) + c = a + (b + c)
where a and b are real numbers

Multiplication
Example : (2 x 3) x 5 = 2 x (3 x 5)
Algebra : (a x b) x c = a x (b x c)
where a and b are real numbers

Identity Properties of Addition
and Multiplication

The sum of any number and 0 is the original number.


The product of any number and 1 is the original number.
Addition
Example : 10 + 0 = 10
Algebra : a + 0 = a
where a is a real number

Multiplication
Example : 45 x 1 = 45
Algebra : a x 1 = a
where a is a real number

Zero Property of Multiplication
The product of any number and 0 is 0.
Example : 2 x 0 = 0
Algebra : a x 0 = 0
where a is a real number
Multiplication Property of 1
The product of and number and 1 is minus the original
number.
Example : 4 x 1 = 4
Algebra : a x 1 = a
where a is a real number