Unit 1_Density

Warm up: Metric Conversion

.001km=.01hm=.1dam=1m=10dm=100cm=1000mm
.001kg=.01hg=.1dag=1g=10dg=100cg=1000mg
.001kL=.01hL=.1daL=1L=10dL=100cL=1000mL

4 km= ____ mm
2 cm
3
= ____ L
200 kg = ___ g
Density = Mass/Volume
The ratio of the mass of a substance to the
volume of the substance.
Abbreviation - D
D= mass (g)/volume (cm
3
)

The density of a material is the same no matter
how much is present.
Volume
Volume is the amount of space an object takes
up. Abbreviation - V.


3 ways to measure volume.
Measurement of Volume
a) measurement of liquids (mL, L)
b) measurement of a regular shape: v= l (cm) x
w (cm) x h (cm)
c) measurement of an irregular shape:
displacement. 1 mL=1cm
3

A) Measurement of a Liquid
Graduated Cylinder and Meniscus
Measure liquid in a
graduated cylinder at
the liquids lowest
point (adhesion causes
water to cling to the
sides of the glass)

B). Measurement of a regular shape
volume= length (cm) x width (cm) x height (cm)
C)Measurement of an irregular shape
Density and water displacement. When you put something
in the water the object displaces an amount of water equal
to the volume of the object in the water


Displacement. 1 mL=1cm
3







Gummy Bear Density Lab
Place a gummy bear in a cup of water
overnight.
Predictions
1. What do you think will happen to the gummy
bears when left overnight in the water?

1. What will change? why?

Measure the Gummy Bear
1. Measure the LENGTH of your Gummy Bear from: the
top of its head to the bottom of its feet to the nearest
tenth of a centimeter.
2. Measure the WIDTH at the widest point across the back
of the bear to the nearest tenth of a centimeter.
3. Measure the HEIGHT (THICKNESS} from the front to
the back at the thickest point to the nearest tenth of a
centimeter.

Mass and Volume of the Gummy Bears
4. Mass the Gummy Bears.
5. Determine the volume by displacement.
6. Put your name and hour on the cup.
7. Place the Gummy Bears in the cup with
water.
8. Calculate the density.
Density: More Mass, Same Volume
Example: Packing for a vacation and suitcase
is too full to close. What do you do?

Did the size of the suitcase change?
Did the mass change?
Is it more dense or less dense?
The blocks below have same volume, which
is more dense? Why?



x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
x x x x x x
x x x x x x x
x x x x x x x
x x x x x x x
x x x x x x x
x x
from: http://ouitschem.weebly.com/liquids--solids.html
Density:Same Mass, Smaller Volume
Bread

Has the mass changed?
Has the volume changed?
Is it more or less dense?
Density: Size
Styrofoam v. paper clips

Which one feels heavier?
Which is more dense?
Density Principles
Same volume, more mass - increases density
Same mass, less volume - increase density
More weight does not equal more density

Density = Mass/Volume
Warm up:
A proposed solution to a problem is a ______.

The ____ is the system of measurement used
by scientists.

The mass of an object divided by its volume is
the objects _____.
Objects Compared and Density
Block is 36 grams and the volume is 18
cm
3
.

What is the density?
36g/18cm
3
2 g/cm
3


Cut the block in 1/2.
Mass = 18 grams
Volume is 9 cm
3
What is the density?
18g/9cm
3
= 2 g/cm
3
Gummy Bears Patterns
Compare your results with others.

What patterns do you see?


Explanation
How can we explain what happened?
Metal weight v. wooden block
Block is larger and heavier yet it floats in the
water while the metal sinks. Why do you think
that wood floats in water but steel sinks?
Archimedes
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ijj58xD5fDI
Archimedes
Imagine yourself back in time, and that you are
Archimedes. Not only are you an amazing scientist, but
you are a chief advisor to King Hieros I of Syracuse. You
need to determine if a goldsmith you dont entirely trust had
embezzled gold during the manufacture of the royal crown
for the King. Was the crown solid gold or a cheaper alloy
and only covered in gold? How would you determine this?

Specific gravity
substances Density g/cm3
Air .0013
Gasoline .7
Wood (oak) .85
Water (ice) .92
Water (liquid) 1.0
Aluminum 2.7
Steel 7.8
Silver 10.5
Lead 11.3
Gold 19.3
Aluminum Foil Activity
Density of Different Liquids
Density of different liquids
1. Slowly pour one liquid at a time into the
beaker.
2. Record your observations.
3. Clean up area and place all supplies back on
the towels.
4. Explanation of why you think the liquids
appear in different layers.

Density of different liquids
What did you observe?

Why do you think the liquids stacked the way they did?

How did you arrive at that conclusion?

Does anyone disagree? Why?
A teaspoon measures mass volume density
A balance measures mass volume density
Floating and sinking measures mass volume density
Grams measure mass volume density
Liters measure mass volume density
Cups measure mass volume density
Grams per milliliter measure mass volume density
Tons measure mass volume density
Multiplying length x width x height measures mass volume density
Decide whether each of the units and instruments below measures mass, volume or
density:
The Golden Idol
http://www.schooltube.com/video/a438bfdad56
bc5c74f4b/
What does Indy need?
What does Indiana Jones need to know to
determine if he can replace his sand with the
idol?

Density of Gold and Sand!
Which takes up more volume a ton
of feathers or a ton of bricks?
Explain your answer.


Which takes up more volume?
ton of feathers Or a ton of bricks


7-UP and Grapes
Activity: 7-UP and Grapes
1. Prediction. Based on what you learned with the different liquids
what do you think will happen if I drop a peeled grape into some 7-
Up? Why? How about an unpeeled grape? Why?
2. Peel one grape. Mass both grapes.
3. Pour 250 mL of 7-UP in the beaker.
4. Drop the peeled grape into the beaker. Observe and record
results.
5. Drop the unpeeled grape into the beaker. Observe and record
results.
6. Compare with 250 mL of water.
7. Clean up.
8. Record explanations and conclusions.

Activity: 7-UP and Grapes
What did you see?

Why do you think that happened?

Does it always work that way?

Can anyone add anything to explain what happens?

Warm up
Explain why mass is a constant, but weight
can change.
Why must an experiment contain only one
variable?
What is the basic metric unit for temperature?
What did we learn
1. Gummy Bear Density Lab
2. Different Liquids
3. 7UP& Grape
What do you predict now about the properties
of density?

What properties of density can we explain
based on our observations?
Density problems
D= M/V M=DxV V=M/D Density= g/cm
3
or g/mL


1. An object has a mass of 24 g and displaces 4 mL of
water. What is its density?

1. An object on a scale is 55 g and has volume of 11 cm
3
.
What is the density?

Density problems
D= M/V M=DxV V=M/D Density= g/cm
3
or g/mL


1. A stone has a mass of 15 g and a volume of 3 cm
3
.
Please give the density with the correct unit.

1. An object with a mass of 48 g occupies 12 mL of liquid.
What is its density?
Practice Density
1. D= M/V 2. M=VxD 3. V= M/D

1. An object displaces 4 cm
3
of water and has a density
of 9 g/cm
3
. What is the measurement on the scale?
(which formula do you use)?

2. A substance has a density of 6 g/cm
3
and on a scale it
measures 36 grams. How much water does it displace?

Practice Density
1. D= M/V 2. M=VxD 3. V= M/D

3. A rock has a density of 9 g/cm
3
and displaces 3 cm
3
.
How will it measure on a scale?


4. An object measures 49 grams for its mass and has a
volume of 7 cm
3
. What is its density?
Problems continued
1. D= M/V 2. M=VxD 3. V= M/D
An object has a mass of 35 grams and a volume of 7
cm
3
. Will this object sink in water or float? Why or
why not?
Suppose a certain compound has a density of 3
g/cm
3
. How many cubic centimeters of space
would you need to store 6 grams of the compound?
Advanced Density problems
D= M/V 2. M=DxV 3. V=M/D

1. A rock weighing 12 grams has a volume of 4 cm
3
.
What is its density? (which formula do you use?)

1. A compound that weighs 8 grams is placed in
water and 4 mL of water is displaced. What is its
volume? Its density? (which formula do you use?)

Advanced Density problems
D= M/V 2. M=DxV 3. V=M/D

1. A piece of moon rock has density of 3 g/cm
3
and a
volume of 2 cm
3
. What is its mass?

1. A piece of cement has a density of 2 g/cm
3
and
weighs 2 grams. What is its volume?