Physical Science Unit 3 Test Review Name

Block Date

Objectives 2.2.2 and 2.2.3 Ionic, Covalent, and Metallic Bonds
1. Why do atoms bond?
Atoms bond to become stable/have a full outer shell. They lose, gain or share electrons to create full outer
shells.

2. What is a chemical bond?
A chemical bond is when two or more atoms are joined together. The bond is created by the atoms
losing/gaining or sharing electrons. Chemical bonding creates compounds.

3. What are the three types of chemical bonds?
Ionic Bonds Electrons are transferred
Covalent Bonds Electrons are shared
Metallic Bonds Electrons pool together in an electron sea

4. An ionic bond occurs between what two types of elements? What happens to the electrons in an ionic
bond?
Ionic bonds occur between metals and non-metals. Metals lose electrons (become positively charged
cations) which are transferred to non-metals that gain the electrons (become negatively charged anions).

5. A covalent bond occurs between what two types of elements? What happens to the electrons in a covalent
bond?
Covalent bonds occur between two non-metals. The electrons are shared between the two non-metals.

6. A metallic bond occurs between what two types of elements? What happens to the electrons in a metallic
bond?
Metallic bonds occur between two metals. The electrons from the metals pool together and create an
electron sea.

7. What is the chemical formula and chemical name that results from the ionic bond between calcium and
oxygen?
This is an IONIC bond; therefore, we will use the swap, drop & chop method to find the chemical formula.
The oxidation number for calcium is +2 and the oxidation number for oxygen is -2.
The chemical formula is Ca2O2. The chemical name is calcium oxide.

8. What is the chemical formula and chemical name that results from the ionic bond between beryllium and
sulfur?
This is an IONIC bond; therefore, we will use the swap, drop & chop method to find the chemical formula.
The oxidation number for beryllium is +2 and the oxidation number for sulfur is -2.
The chemical formula is Be2S2. The chemical name is beryllium sulfide.

9. What are polyatomic ions?
Polyatomic ions are positively or negatively charged groups of atoms bonded together to form a compound.
We put parentheses on them so that we know they are a polyatomic ion.


10. What is the chemical formula for carbonate?
We look this up on our polyatomic ion chart in the Physical Science reference table.
The chemical formula for carbonate is (CaO3)
2-
. Dont forget to write the charge!!

11. What is the chemical formula for magnesium phosphate?
This is an ionic compound. We will use swap, drop & chop!
The oxidation number for Mg is +2 and Phosphate is a polyatomic ion with an oxidation number of -3 (PO4)
-3

The chemical formula is Mg3(PO4)2

12. What is the chemical name of KClO3?
This is an ionic compound with a polyatomic ion.
The chemical name is Potassium Chlorate

13. Write the prefixes:

1 mono

2 di

3 tri

4 tetra

5 penta

6 hexa

7 hepta

8 octa

9 nona

10 deca

14. Name the following covalent compound P4S5.
This is a covalent compound so we need to use prefixes.
Tetraphosphorus pentasulfide

15. Find the chemical formula for trinitrogen heptoxide.
This is a covalent compound. We can tell because it has prefixes.
The chemical formula is N3O5.

16. Count the atoms of each element in the following compounds:

a. 12H2O H = 12*2 =24 O = 12*1=12

b. 5N2O4 N = 5*2=10 O = 5*4=20

c. 2KrCl6 Kr = 2*1=2 Cl = 2*6=12

d. 5Al(C2H3O2)2 Al = 5*1=5 C = 5*2*2=20 H = 5*3*2=30 O = 5*2*2=20

e. 3Sr(MnO4)2 Sr = 3*1=3 Mn = 3*1*2=6 O = 3*4*2=24