Matlab Learn

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help
ramin.samad@yahoo.com
: MATLAB
MATLAB :

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( MATLAB . New,Open,Cut,Copy,Past
.
Help
MATLAB .
current directory Directory
( Launch Pad . ,,
Web .
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( MATLAB , MATLAB
>> . help . doc
help .
( MATLAB command history

%-- PM // : --% :
.

. .
workspace
MATLAB workspace .
MATLAB
.
Edit .
www.irche.com
Iranian Chemical Engineers Website

Mostafa Saghari
: MATLAB
MATLAB :
>> +-
= ans
>> +/
= ans

:
>> a=
=a
>> b=
=b
>> c=
=c
>> a+b-c
= ans
:
MATLAB ( .
( .
( ) . (
( MATLAB) . (for
MATLAB iskeyword .
.
)'>> iskeyword('for
= ans
)'>> iskeyword('keyword
= ans
)'>> iskeyword('ans
= ans
)'>> iskeyword('if
= ans
( MATLAB .
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MATLAB a+b-c ans .

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>> D=a+b-c
=D
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.
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=a
)/ - +\ )( * )( ^ )((
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up ) Down (
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MATLAB :
ans .
pi )(
eps .
inf
NaN nan ) NaN NaN(
MATLAB
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) ( . . . .
Ctrl + c .
MATLAB . Format
short .
Format bank ) (
.
MATLAB:
fix
floor
ceil
round
:
Date
>> date
= ans
-Jul-
Clear .
>> clear a
>> a
??? Undefined function or variable 'a'.
>> b
=b
>> clear
>> b
??? Undefined function or variable 'b'.
delete MATLAB
. p-file .
>> delete *.p
disp .

. Diary .
MATLAB diary on
prompt MATLAB diary off .
format compact Enter MATLAB
. format loose ,
.
format compact Command window .
Help Doc
.
. .

. MATLAB M-file
.
M-file
.
M-file New M-file .
help-file
.
_______________________________________________________________________________
>>help format
>>doc help
>>doc doc
>>help clear
>>help diary
>>help save
>>help load
>>help date
>>help ops
>>help fix
www.irche.com

Mostafa Saghari
MATLAB .
][ :
]>> a=[1,2,3,4
=a
1
2
3
MATLAB.
:
)linspace(a,b,c
c ] [a,b .
)logspace(a,b,c
c 10a,10b .
a:b:c
a b b c.
b .
.
0.1411 -0.3508 -0.7568 -0.9775
0.5985
0.9093
0.9975
0.9951
0.9866
0.9640
0.9051
0.9998
0.9993
0.9982
;>> x=0:.5:2*pi
)>> y=sin(x
=y
Columns 1 through 10
0 0.4794 0.8415
-0.9589 -0.7055 -0.2794
)>> z=tanh(x
=z
0 0.4621 0.7616
0.9999 1.0000 1.0000
MATLAB
. MATLAB )(

]>> b=[1;3;5;7
=b
1
3
5
7
')>> b=linspace(1,7,4
=b
1
3
5
7
) ' (
.
. ) b(3 ) b
(5 .

. end
0.9051
0.9951
)>> z(end:-3:4
= ans
1.0000 0.9998
;]>> c=[1,5,3,5,1
)>> z(c
= ans
0 0.9640 0.7616
0.9640
c .
.
MATLAB .
)>> b(3.4
??? Subscript indices must either be real positive integers or logicals.
)>> b(-4
??? Subscript indices must either be real positive integers or logicals.
a b ]) [a,b ( ]) [a;b (

.
.
;]>> a=[1 2 3
;]>> b=[4 5 6
;]>> c=[7 8 9
]>> d=[a b],f=[a;b;c
=d
1
2
3
4
5
=f
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
MATLAB .
.
) ( )(
. Enter
.
]>> A=[1 2 3;6 5 4
3
4
2
5
=A
1
6
>> B= [10 11 12
]13 14 15
=B
10 11 12
13 14 15
:
.
MATLAB . MATLAB
.
:
MATLAB .
:
3
4
1
2
18
23
15
19
>> A
=A
1
2
6
5
>> A-2
= ans
-1
0
4
3
>> A*2 + B
= ans
12 15
25 24
>> A + B
= ans
11 13
19 19
A-2.
A . A+B
.
:
>> A
=A
1
2
3
6
5
4
;]>> C=[1 2;3 4
>> C*A
= ans
13 12 11
27 26 25
>> C^2
= ans
7 10
15 22
n
. :
36
60
>> A.*B
= ans
10 22
78 70
>> B.^A
= ans
10
4826809
121
1728
537824
50625
>> C.^2
= ans
1
4
9 16
:
)>> ones(2,3
= ans
1
1
1
1
1
1
) ones(n,m nxm .
0
0
) zeros(n,m nxm .
)>> zeros(2,4
= ans
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
nxm .
) eye(n .
0.8913
0.7621
.
)>> eye(3,4
= ans
1
0
0
1
0
0

)>> rand(2,3
= ans
0.9501 0.6068
0.2311 0.4860
)>> randperm(8
= ans
2
4
1
5
5
9
6
4
3
1 n .
)>> randperm(10
= ans
10
7
1
8
)>> magic(3
= ans
8
1
6
3
5
7
4
9
2
.
.

. n x n
.
:
MATLAB
.
>> a= [1 2 3
]1 2 3
=a
1
2
3
1
2
3
)>> size(a
= ans
2
3
) ( .
2
:
)>> [s t]= size (a
=s
2
=t
3
)>> length(a
= ans
3
)>> numel(a
= ans
6
) (number of elements .
2.
.
)>> diag(a
= ans
1
2
)>> trace(a
= ans
3
diag . ) diag(a,n n
a n. .
) diag(a a
a .
;]>> c= [1 2 3
0
0
3
)>> diag (c
= ans
1
0
0
2
0
0
)>> minfo(ans
3 rows 3 cols: regular MATLAB matrix
.
:
MATLAB
.
>> c = ans
=c
1
0
0
0
2
0
0
0
3
>> c(3,3) =8
=c
1
0
0
0
2
0
0
0
8
>> c(9)=4
=c
1
0
0
0
2
0
0
0
4
2 . 2
.
) (s :
7
8
9
4
5
6
1
2
3
=s
>> c(4)=5
=c
1
5
0
0
2
0
0
0
4
7 .
>> c(:,1)=7
=c
7
5
0
7
2
0
7
0
4
>> c([1 end],[1 end])=8

=c
8
5
8
7
2
0
8
0
8
8
.
][ =)>> c(1,:
=c
7
2
0
8
0
8

.
;]>> a=[1 2 3; 4 5 6;7 8 9
)>> flipud(a
= ans
7
8
9
4
5
6
1
2
3
.
.
)>> b=fliplr(a
=b
3
2
1
6
5
4
)>> rot90(b
= ans
1
4
7
2
5
8
3
6
9
90 .
) rot90(a,n n .
1
4
7
7
8
9
)>> triu(ans
= ans
1
4
0
5
0
0
0
0
9
)>> tril(ans
= ans
1
0
0
5
0
0
)>> c=horzcat(ans,b
=c
1
0
0
3
2
0
5
0
6
5
0
0
9
9
8
)>> c=vertcat(ans,b
=c
1
0
0
0
5
0
0
0
9
3
2
1
6
5
4
9
8
7
.
)>> reshape(c,2,9
= ans
1
0
6
0
0
5
0
9
4
0
3
9
5
2
8
0
1
7
.
.
)>> repmat(ans(:,1),2,4
= ans
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
.
) MATLAB repmat(a,m,n a mxn .
MATLAB) cat(n,a,b. a b n
. .
3 . .
)>> d=cat(1,a,b
=d
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
3
2
1
6
5
4
9
8
7
1
4
7
2
5
8
)>> d=cat(2,a,b
=d
1
2
3
3
4
5
6
6
7
8
9
9
)>> d=cat(3,a,b
=
2
5
8
=
2
5
8
3
6
9
1
4
7
)d(:,:,1
1
4
7
)d(:,:,2
3
6
9
.
;]>> a=[1 2;3 4
;]>> b=[2 3
)>> kron(a,b
= ans
2
3
4
6
6
9
8 12
6
12
)>> kron(b,a
= ans
2
4
3
6
8
9
] >> [ b(1)*a , b(2)*a

6
12
3
9
4
8
= ans
2
6
:
MATLAB .
0 20 ) sort(a,n n
.
))>> a=fix(20*rand(3,4
=a
8
8
7
2
18 17 16
4
18
1
0
3
)>> sort(a,1
= ans
8
1
0
2
18
8
7
3
18 17 16
4
)>> [sor,pos]=sort(a,2
= sor
2
7
8
8
4 16 17 18
0
1
3 18
= pos
4
3
1
2
4
3
2
1
3
2
4
1
MATLAB

. .
n 2 .
(1 2 .
(2 .
:
MATLAB ... .
.
;]>> a=[0 1 0;2 0 3;1 3 4
)>> nnz(a
= ans
6
)>> find(a
= ans
2
3
4
6
8
9
)>> nonzeros(a
= ans
2
1
1
3
3
4
3 . .
.
)>> all(a
= ans
0
0
)>> all(a,2
= ans
0
0
1
) all(a,n ) n(
.
n .
)>> any(a,2
= ans
1
1
1

.
1 .
)>> isempty(a
= ans
0
;]>> b=[9 3 0 8
)>> ismember(b,a
= ans
0
1
1
0
) b ( a
.
)>> unique(a
= ans
0
1
2
3
4
a .
:
MATLAB .
.
))>> a=fix(20*rand(3,4
=a
19
9
9
8
4 17
0 12
12 15 16 15
2
. .
)>> min(a
= ans
4
9
0
8
15
3
)>> [s,t]=max(a
=s
19 17 16
=t
1
2
3
sort
.
)) max(a,b (min _ b a
_ a .b
))>> b=fix(45*rand(3,4
=b
41 18 18 15
33 42 40 36
7 41
2
0
15
36
15
)>> max(a,b
= ans
41 18 18
33 42 40
12 41 16
.
)>> mean(b,2
= ans
23.0000
37.7500
12.5000
)>> median(b,2
= ans
18.0000
38.0000
4.5000
)>> median(b,1
= ans
33 41 18
15
median .
2 .
51
15
51
51
.
1440
60
)>> sum(b
= ans
81 101
)>> cumsum(b
= ans
41 18 18
74 60 58
81 101 60
.
30996
)>> prod(b
= ans
9471
)>> cumprod(b
= ans
41
18
18
15
1353
756
720
540
9471
30996
1440
0
.
.
) ( .
.
:
)>> isequal(a,b
= ans
0
.
:
.
;]>> x=[2 3 6 10
;]>> y=[1 2 3 4

MATALAB . ) polyfit(x,y,n . x,y n
. .
)>> p=polyfit(x,y,3
=p
0.0193 -0.3795
2.5298 -2.6964
4.0000
3.0000
)>> polyval(p,x
= ans
1.0000 2.0000

. polyval .
)>> r=roots(p
=r
9.1557 + 4.8026i
9.1557 - 4.8026i
1.3040
.
p .
)>> p2=poly(r
= p2
1.0000 -19.6154 130.7692 -139.3846
roots .
.
2 2.
.
;]>> p1=[2 0 3 -1
;]>> p2=[2 4
-4
5.5000
10
)>> conv(p1,p2
= ans
4
8
6
)>> deconv(p1,p2
= ans
1.0000 -2.0000
.
.
;]>> p3=[3 2 0 1
>> p1 + p3
= ans
5
2
3
0
:
.
)>> a=randperm(8
=a
4
3
2
6
>> b=2:2:8
=b
2
4
6
)>> union(a,b
= ans
1
2
3
)>> intersect(b,a
= ans
2
4
6
8
)>> setxor(a,b
= ans
1
3
5
a .b ). (
)>> setdiff(a,b
= ans
1
3
5
7
a b.
)>> setdiff(b,a
= ans
Empty matrix: 1-by-0
b a.
:
a .
]>> a=[2 3 -4;0 -4 2;1 -1 5

=a
2
3 -4
0 -4
2
1 -1
5
0.2174
0.0870
0.1739
)>> inv(a
= ans
0.3913 0.2391
-0.0435 -0.3043
-0.0870 -0.1087
)>> det(a
ans =
-46
>> a'
ans =
2
3
-4
0
-4
2
1
-1
5
:
MATLAB
.
>> what
M-files in the current directory F:\MATLAB6_5\work
bub_dew
calculate
cumprod2
exm
cumsum2
moadel
mostafa
name
prod2
seri
size2
star
sum2
. M-file
. cd dos
>> who
Your variables are:
a ans b p p2 pos r
sor x
>> whos
Name
Size
a
ans
b
p
p2
pos
r
sor
x
y
3x3
1x5
1x4
1x4
1x4
3x4
3x1
3x4
1x4
1x4
Bytes Class
72 double array
40 double array
32 double array
32 double array
32 double array
96 double array
48 double array (complex)
96 double array
32 double array
32 double array
Grand total is 61 elements using 512 bytes

. why MATLAB
.
>> why
Some hamster insisted on it.
www.irche.com

Mostafa Saghari
MATLAB .
.
.
2 .
.
: plot
2 .
.
;>> x = 0:0.2:2*pi
;)>> y = sin(x
)>> plot(x,y
x y ).
(. plot figure
.
. figure .
plot . x y
.
.
solid
dotted
dashdot
dashed
point
circle
:
x-mark
-.
plus
-star
square
diamond
)triangle (down
)triangle (up
)triangle (left
)triangle (right
hexagram
pentagram
.
o
x
+
*
s
d
v
^
<
>
h
p
blue
green
red
cyan
magenta
yellow
black
b
g
r
c
m
y
k
:
)'>> plot(x,y,'pg
. ) (
. .

. 3 .
)'>> plot(x,y,':-
??? Error using ==> plot

Error in color/linetype argument.
.
90 . y
x x y .
: ...
xlabel ylabel . title
.
. legend
. .
grid on grid off .
text .
clf figure clc. command window .
.
clf
)'plot (x,y,'-.
)' xlabel (' variable
)' ylabel (' y variable
)' title (' MATLAB
)' legend (' sin
grid
)' text (3,.5,' Mim Shimi 82
>>
>>
>>
>>
>>
>>
>>
>>
grid
.
text .
gtext .
.
TEXT :
) gtext ( TEXT

MATLAB . )
( .
.
.
Symbol
Symbol Character
Sequence
Symbol Character
Sequence
Character
Sequence
\sim
\upsilon
\alpha
\leq
\phi
\beta
\infty
\chi
\gamma
\clubsuit
\psi
\delta
\diamondsuit
\omega
\epsilon
\heartsuit
\Gamma
\zeta
\spadesuit
\Delta
\eta
\leftrightarrow
\Theta
\theta
\leftarrow
\Lambda
\vartheta
\uparrow
\Xi
\iota
\rightarrow
\Pi
\kappa
\downarrow
\Sigma
\lambda
\circ
\Upsilon
\pm
\Phi
\nu
\geq
\Psi
\xi
\propto
\Omega
\pi
\partial
\forall
\rho
\bullet
\exists
\sigma
\div
\ni
\varsigma
\mu
\neq
\cong
\tau
\aleph
\approx
\equiv
\wp
\Re
\Im
\oslash
\oplus
\otimes
\supseteq
\cup
\cap
\subset
\subseteq
\supset
\o
\in
\int
\nabla
\lceil
\rfloor
...
\ldots
\cdot
\lfloor
\prime
\neg
\perp
\0
\times
\wedge
\mid
\surd
\rceil
\copyright
\varpi
\vee
\rangle
\langle
.
) } text ( {LINE1 , LINE2
.
} { .
'_' .
\fontsize .
. axis
.
.
) ]axis ( [XMIN XMAX YMIN YMAX
.
)]axis ([2 10 3 8
)'xlabel ('LABEL_x
)'ylabel ('LABEL_y
)}'title ({'First line','Second line
)'text (6,6.5,'\fontsize{34} \heartsuit
)}'gtext ({'\fontsize{30} (a \pm b)^2','=a^2 \pm 2ab + b^2
)'}text (4,4,'\fontsize{14}sin(\alpha)^{2\pi
>>
>>
>>
>>
>>
>>
>>
command ensert
figure .
.

.
.
semilogx x
semilogy y . loglog
. plot.
:
.
figure
.
.
:
hold . figure
.
.
;)x=linspace(0,10
;y=sin(x);z=tan(x);s=cos(x);t=x.^2
hold on
)plot(x,y
)plot(x,s
)'title('Hold on
hold off
>>
>>
>>
>>
>>
>>
>>
:
plot .
.
MATLAB. .
... .
)'>> plot (x,y,x,s,x,cos(2*x),'sk
)')>> legend('sin(x)','cos(x)','cos(2x
:
x y
. plotyy .
. :
)'plotyy(x1,y1,x2,y2,' fun1' ,' fun2

.
semilogx, semilogy, plot, loglog, stem
plot ... .
. .
:
.
) figure(n n
. figure .
.
)figure(1
;)x=linspace(0,10
;)y=sin(x);s=cos(x
)plot(x,y
)figure(2
)plot(x,s
>>
>>
>>
>>
>>
>>
:
.
subplot . :
)subplot(mnp
or
)subplot (m,n,p
figure mxn p .
.
)subplot (2,1,1
)plotyy (x,y,x,s
)subplot (2,1,2
))plot (x,atan(x
>>
>>
>>
>>
:
.
axes . :
)]axes (' position' , [left, bottom, width, height

.
.
) (00 ) (11
.
M-file
.
.
x=1:.1:10;
y=-10*sinh(x);
z=-cos(x/2);
[AX,H1,H2]=plotyy (x,y,x,z,'loglog','semilogx')
set(get(AX(1),'Ylabel'),'String','\theta_1 Log plot');
set(get(AX(2),'Ylabel'),'String','\theta_2 Linear plot');
set(get(AX(2),'Xlabel'),'String','logarithmic plot');
set(H1,'LineWidth',4);
set(H2,'LineStyle','--','LineWidth',2);
axes('Position',[.34 .2 .35 .35]);
x1=linspace(1,10,24);
y1=sin(x1);
f=plot(x1,y1,'p');
axis([1 10 -1.5 1.5]);
set(f,'MarkerSize',12,'LineWidth',2);
ylabel('\lambda^0');
title('graphic example');
set(gca,'XTick',[1 2 4 5 8 10],'YTick',[-1.5 -.75 0 .5 1.5]);
grid on;
.
.
:function file
MATLAB
.
) (function file M-file :
)function [outputs]= name(inputs
M-file .
. )][(
name . .
.
. .
>>help name .
M-file prod .
)function p=prod (x
)% function p=PROD (x
% shabih sazi farman PROD
% a:radif b:sotoon
;)[a,b]=size(x
;)p(,:)=x(,:
for i=:a,
% satr aval p dar satr haye x zarb shode
% va dar satr aval p zakhir mishavad
;)p(,:)=p(,:).*x(i,:
end
% if x is rowvector
;while a==
;p=
for i=:b,
;)p=p*x(i
end
;a=
end
c .
For

. :
for variable = a
statement
statement
end
a . a variable .
a .
.
.
for i=:
for j=:
;s(i,j)=i*j
end
end
While
.
. :
while expression
statements
end
expression ) .
(
:
:

)(

<
=<
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=>
==
=~
:

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Mostafa Saghari

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( MATLAB command history

Iranian Chemical Engineers Website

MATLAB a+b-c ans .

Iranian Chemical Engineers Website

0.1411 -0.3508 -0.7568 -0.9775

>> c([1 end],[1 end])=8

] >> [ b(1)a , b(2)a

]>> a=[2 3 -4;0 -4 2;1 -1 5

Grand total is 61 elements using 512 bytes

Iranian Chemical Engineers Website

??? Error using ==> plot

Iranian Chemical Engineers Website

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