PRESENTATION ON

DESIGN AND COMPARISON OF FLAT SLAB USING

IS 456 2000 AND ACI 318 08

PRESENTED BY
TUSHAR MANOJ MADAMWAR
(11001063)
GUIDED BY
DR. K. N. KADAM
CONTENTS
1. INTRODUCTION
2. ADVANTAGES OF FLAT SLAB
3. LITERATURE REVIEW
4. DESIGNOF FLAT SLAB USING IS 456-2000
5. DESIGN OF FLAT SLAB USING ACI 318-08
6. RESULT AND COMPARISION
7. REFERENCES

INTRODUCTION
DEFINATION-Slab and column without beams
COMPONENTS
- Drops-increase shear strength against punching.
- Column Head-resists negative moment


Advantages of Flat Slab
1. Flexibility in room layout
2. Saving in building height
3. Shorter construction time
4. Ease of installation
5. Pre-fabricated welded mesh
6. Buildable score
PROBLEM STATEMENT
Design a flat slab of size 6.6m5.6m using direct design method by IS
456-2000 and ACI 318-08 .It is subjected to live load of 7.75 kN/m
2
.The
grade of steel used is Fe 415. The exposure condition is mild. Height of
floor is 4m.size of column is 400mm 400mm.
DESIGN OF FLAT SLAB USING IS 456-2000
Column Strip
A design strip having a width of 0.25l
2
not greater than 0.25l
1
on each side of column center-
line.
For longer span=1.4m (not greater than 1.65)
For shorter span=1.65m(not greater than 1.4)

Middle strip
A design strip bounded on each of its opposite sides by the column strip.
For longer span=2.8m
For shorter span=3.8m

Panel
The part of a slab bounded on-each of its four sides by the center-line of a Column or center-
lines of adjacent-spans.


Drop
The drops when provided shall be rectangular in plan and have a length in each direction not less than
one- third of the panel length in that direction
For longer span =2.2m
For shorter span=1.866m
Provide drop of 2.2m2.2m

Column Head
For longer span=1.65m
For shorter span=1.4
Adopting 1.3m

Depth of Flat Slab
The thickness of the flat slab up to spans of 10 m shall be generally controlled by considerations of span ( L ) to
effective depth ( d ) ratios given as below:
Cantilever 7; simply supported 20; Continuous 26
For longer span=260mm
For shorter span= 220mm
Taking effective depth of 25mm; overall depth=285mm > 125mm

Loads acting on slab

Dead load(
1
)=0.285 25=6.25kN/m
2

Floor finish(
2
)=1.45kN/m
2

Live load(

)=7.75kN/m
2
Total design load=15.45kN/m
2


Total design moment on slab
M
o
=

M
o
=total moment
W = design load on an area l
1
l
2

l
n
= clear span extending from face to face of columns, capitals, brackets or walls, but
not less than 0.65 l
1

l
1
= length of span in the direction of M
o
.
l
2
= length of span transverse to l
1
.

A=

4
1.3
2
= 1.152
Clear span along long span =l
n
=6.6-
1
2
(1.152)-
1
2
(1.152)=5.448 >4.29
(Should not be less than 0.65 l
1
)
Clear span along long span =l
n =
5.6-
1
2
(1.152)-
1
2
(1.152)=4.44 >3.64
(Should not be less than 0.65 l
1
)

Total Design Load
For longer span(l
n
=5.448 m , l
2
=5.6 m)= W = w l
2
l
n
=471.36kN
For shorter span(l
n
=4.44 m , l
2
=6.6 m)=W = w l
2
l
n
= 452.74k N


Absolute Sum of Negative and Positive Moments
For longer span=M
o
=

8
=
471.365.448
8
= 320.99
For shorter span=M
o
=

8
=
452.744.44
8
= 251.2
Stiffness Calculations
stiffness coefficient=a
c
=

=1.39
For longer span=

=0.7<1.39

Distribution of Bending Moment Across
The Panel Width
Longer Span
1.Column strip
Negative B.M at exterior support=121.34
positive span B.M =90
Negative span BM at interior support =-166.5 kNm
2.Middle strip
Negative BM at exterior support =0
Positive span BM =59.96
Negative BM at interior support =55.50


Effective Depth of The Slab
Maximum positive BM occurs in the column strip (long span) = 90.91 kNm
factored moment = 1.50 x 90.91 = 136.36 kNm
M
o
=

0.138f
ck

2
= (

=
2800

d=
136.3610
6
0.138202800
20
d=132.83 mm 140 mm
Using 12 mm (diameter) main bars.
Overall thickness of slab =140+15+
12
2
=161 mm 170 mm
Depth (along longitudinal direction) =170-15-
12
2
= 150
Depth (along longitudinal direction) = 150-12=138mm


Shear In Flat Slab
The critical section for shear shall be at a distance d/2 from the periphery of the
column/capital/ drop panel, perpendicular to the plane of the slab
Check for shear stress developed in slab
The critical section for shear for the slab will be at a distance d/2 from the face of drop.
Perimeter of critical section =4 2340=9340mm
V
o
=1.515.45
1

2
2.34 (2.34) =729.78kN
Nominal shear stress =T
v
=

=
729.7810
3
9340140
= 0.55/
2

shear strength of concrete =T
c
=0.25

=0.25 20 =1.1N/
2

Permissible shear stress =

<

K
s
=(0.5+

) ,
c
=0.848
K
s
=1.348 > 1

<

safe design OK

Reinforcement
Longer span
Negative exterior reinforcement:

=0.87

A
st
0.42

1.5 121.34 10
6
= 0.87 415

0.42 0.48 150

=4290mm
2

DESIGN OF FLAT SLAB USING ACI 318-08
Drop of flat slabs
Drop panel shall extend in each direction from centerline of support a distance not
less than one-sixth the span length measured from center -to center of supports in that
direction.
Span of panel in longer direction = 16.76 ft
length of drop panel=
1
6
16.76 2=5.58ft
With half width on either side of the center line of support = 0.85 m
Thickness of drop =
1
4
6 = 1.5 = 38.1
Thickness of the slab
the minimum thickness shall be in accordance with
(a) Slabs without drop panels as ......................... 5 in.
(b) Slabs with drop panels as defined.................. 4 in.

Depth of the slab from deflection criteria =

36
(the yield stress

=60,000psi, 415/
2

Minimum depth of slab=max of (
16.7612
36
,
14.2212
36
)=max of (5.58in,4.74in)=5.58in
Providing a slab of thickness 6 in or 152.4 mm.

Design strips
Column strip is a design strip with a width on each side of a column centerline equal to 0.25 l
2
or 0.25 l
1,

whichever is less.
Middle strip is a design strip bounded by two column strips.
A panel is bounded by column, beam, or wall centerlines on all sides.

Designed Load on Slab
Dead load on the slab =
6
12
150 = 75 = 3.6/
3

Live load on the slab = 161.80 psf = 7.75 KN /m
2

Design load on the slab = (1.2 x 7.5 + 1.6 x 161.80)
= 348.88 350 psf= 16. 765 KN /m
2

Total factored static moment for a span
M
o
=

W
u
=load per unit area acting on the slab panel
l
n
=Clear span l
n
shall extend from face to face of columns, capitals ,brackets, or walls. Value of l
n
shall not be
less than 0.65 l
1
.
l
2
=When the span adjacent and parallel to an edge is being considered, the distance from edge to panel
centerline shall be substituted for l
2
.
In an interior span, total static moment M
o
shall be distributed as follows:
Negative factored moment .................................0.65
Positive factored moment ...................................0.35
M
o
=
350
81000
17076
2
14.22 = 174.75 = 237
Negative design moment = 237 x 0. 65 = 154 ft-kips = 208.89 kNm
Positive design moment = 237 x 0.35 = 83.00 ft -kips = 113.22 kNm



Bending moment for column strip
Negative moment for column strip = 75 % of total negative moment in the pannel
= 0.75 x 154.00 = 115.50 ft -kips = 157.66 KNm
Positive moment for column strip = 60 % of total positive moment in the panel.
= 0.60 x 83.00 = 49.8 ft -kips = 67.977 KNm
Max moment (+ve or ve ) along shorter span = 72.18 ft -kips
Max moment (+ve or ve) along longer span = 115.50 ft kips
Shear Provision
For flat slabs V
c
=Nominal shear strength of concrete, V
c
Shall be smallest of the
following: [Where
c
is the ratio of long side to short side of the column,
concentrated load or reaction area and where a
s
is 40 for interior columns, 30 for
edge columns,20 for corner columns]
V
c
== 2 +
4

V
c
== 2 +

V
c
=4

V
u
= factored shear, acting at distance d/2 from face of the support.
(assuming column of size 400 mm by 400 mm)
V
u
=350 16.76 14.22 1.31 +0.5 1.31 +0.5
=350 238.32 1. . 81
2
=82265.365 lb=365.91kN

= 4000 4 21.72 6 = 32968.64 (

= 1.17)
The nominal stress of concrete will be smallest of the following
V
c
== 2 +
4
1.17
32968.64 = 178650.57
V
c
== 2 +
406
421.72
32968.64 = 157010.87
V
c
=

=4 32968.64 = 131874.56
V
c
> V
u
section safe in punching shear \safe.

Reinforcement
For negative moment in column strip
R=

(324)
=
115.510
3
16.2232.4
=219.77
Reinforcement ratio = 0.00375
Area of reinforcement = 0.00375 x 16.22 x 6 x 12 = 4.38 in
2
/ft

Results and Comparisons
CODE IS 456 -2000 ACI 318-08
Shape of test specimen for concrete
strength (mm)
Cube
150x150x150
Cylinder
152.4x304.8
Grade of concrete(N/mm) 20 20
Grade of steel (N/mm) 415 413.7
Negative moment
(KN-m)
188.5 208.89
Positive moments
(KN-m)
90 113.22
Area of reinforcement(mm) 4290 2829
Thickness of slab for
Serviceability criteria(mm)
170 150
Punching shear Safe Safe
Conclusions
By comparing with different codes we concluded that ACI 318 code is more
effective in designing of flat slabs.
As per Indian code we are using cube strength but in international standards
cylinder strength is used which gives higher strength than cube.
Drops are important in increasing the shear strength of the slab.
Flat slabs enhance resistance to punching failure at the junction of concrete slab &
column.
By incorporating heads in slab, we are increasing rigidity of slab.
In the interior span, the total design moments (Mo) are same for IS, ACI.

Conclusions
The negative moments section shall be designed to resist the larger of the two interior
negative design moments for the span framing into common supports.
According to Indian standard (IS 456) for RCC code has recommended characteristic
strength of concrete as 20, 25, and 30 and above 30 for high strength concrete. For design
purpose strength of concrete is taken as 2/3 of actual strength this is to compensate the
difference between cube strength and actual strength of concrete in structure. After that
we apply factor of safety of 1.5. So in practice Indian standard actually uses 46% of total
concrete characteristic strength. While in International practice is to take 85% of total
strength achieved by test and then apply factor of safety which is same as Indian standard
so in actual they use 57% of total strength.
Pre fabricated sections to be integrated into the design for ease of construction.

References
Bureau of Indian Standards, New Delhi, IS 456:2000, Plain and Reinforced
Concrete - Code of Practice, Fourth Revision, July (2000).
American Concrete Institute, ACI 318-08, Building Code Requirements for
Structural Concrete and Commentary, January (2008).
Dr. V. L. Shaha & Dr. S. R. Karve Limit State Theory and Design of Reinforced
Concrete Sixth edition
Amit A. Sathwane , R. S. Deoalate (IJERA)Analysis and Design of Flat Slab and
Grid Slab and Their cost omparision