‫ﻧﺸﺎط وﺛﺎﺋﻘﻲ ‪:‬‬

‫‪r‬‬
‫ﻳﺸﻴﺮ اﻟﺠﺪول أﺳﻔﻠﻪ إﻟﻰ ﻛﺘﻠﺔ اﻟﻜﺮة ‪ m‬اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﺔ‪ ،‬و إﻟﻰ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ اﻟﻘﻮة ‪ F‬اﻟﻤﻄﺒﻘﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻜﺮة‪ ،‬و إﻟﻰ اﻟﻤﺴﺎﻓﺔ ‪ d‬اﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺨﻀﻊ ﺧﻼﻟﻬﺎ اﻟﻜﺮة‬
‫‪r‬‬
‫ﻟﻠﻘﻮة ‪ ، F‬ﺣﻴﺚ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﻫﺬه اﻟﻜﺮة ﻣﺘﻮﻗﻔﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺒﺪاﻳﺔ و اﻛﺘﺴﺒﺖ اﻟﺴﺮﻋﺔ ‪ v‬ﻓﻲ ﻧﻬﺎﻳﺔ اﻟﺘﻤﺎس‪.‬‬
‫)‪v(km / h‬‬ ‫)‪d ( m‬‬ ‫) ‪F (N‬‬ ‫) ‪m(kg‬‬ ‫اﻟﺮﻳﺎﺿﺔ‬
‫‪225‬‬ ‫‪0,03‬‬ ‫‪3000‬‬ ‫‪0,046‬‬ ‫اﻟﻐﻮﻟﻒ‬
‫‪171‬‬ ‫‪0,08‬‬ ‫‪800‬‬ ‫‪0,057‬‬ ‫ﻛﺮة اﻟﻤﻀﺮب‬
‫‪105‬‬ ‫‪0,12‬‬ ‫‪1500‬‬ ‫‪0,425‬‬ ‫ﻛﺮة اﻟﻘﺪم‬
‫‪r‬‬
‫‪-1‬ﻓﻲ ﻛﻞ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ‪ ،‬اﺣﺴﺐ ﺷﻐﻞ اﻟﻘﻮة اﻟﻤﻄﺒﻘﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻜﺮة‪ ،‬ﻧﻘﺒﻞ أن اﺗﺠﺎه اﻟﻘﻮة ‪ F‬ﻫﻮ ﻧﻔﺲ ﻣﻨﺤﻰ اﻧﺘﻘﺎل ﻧﻘﻄﺔ ﺗﺄﺛﻴﺮﻫﺎ‪.‬‬
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‫اﻟﻘﺪم‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻀﺮب‬ ‫اﻟﻐﻮﻟﻒ‬ ‫اﻟﺮﻳﺎﺿﺔ‬

‫‪..........‬‬ ‫‪........‬‬ ‫‪........‬‬ ‫) ‪W (J‬‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫‪-2‬ﻟﻜﻞ ﻧﻮع ﻣﻦ اﻟﻜﺮة‪ ،‬اﺣﺴﺐ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ اﻟﻜﻤﻴﺔ ‪ mv‬اﻟﻤﻜﺘﺴﺒﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻃﺮف اﻟﻜﺮة ﺧﻼل ﺗﺠﺎذﺑﻬﺎ ﻣﻊ اﻟﻘﺪم أو اﻟﻤﻀﺮب أو ﻗﻀﻴﺐ اﻟﻐﻮﻟﻒ‪.‬‬
‫اﻟﻘﺪم‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻀﺮب‬ ‫اﻟﻐﻮﻟﻒ‬ ‫اﻟﺮﻳﺎﺿﺔ‬
‫‪..............‬‬ ‫‪..............‬‬ ‫‪.............‬‬ ‫‪mv 2‬‬
‫‪-3‬ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل ﻣﻘﺎرﻧﺔ ﻗﻴﻢ ‪ mv 2‬ﻣﻊ ﻗﻴﻢ اﻟﺸﻐﻞ ﻣﺎذا ﺗﺴﺘﻨﺘﺞ؟‬
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‫ﻧﺸﺎط ﺗﺠﺮﻳﺒﻲ ‪:2‬‬

‫ﻧﻄﻠﻖ اﻟﺤﺎﻣﻞ اﻟﺬاﺗﻲ ذا اﻟﻜﺘﻠﺔ ‪ ، m = 472 g‬ﺑﺪون ﺳﺮﻋﺔ ﺑﺪﺋﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻣﻦ أﻋﻠـﻰ ﻧﻘﻄـﺔ ﻣـﻦ ﻣﻨـﻀﺪة ﻣﺎﺋﻠـﺔ ﺑﺰاوﻳـﺔ ‪ α = 6°‬ﺑﺎﻟﻨـﺴﺒﺔ‬
‫ﻟﻠﻤﺴﺘﻮى اﻷﻓﻘﻲ وﻧﺴﺠﻞ ﻣﻮاﺿﻊ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﻗﺼﻮره ‪ G‬ﺧﻼل ﻣﺪد زﻣﻨﻴﺔ ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ و ﻣﺘﺴﺎوﻳﺔ ‪ . τ = 60ms‬ﻓﻨﺤﺼﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺘﺴﺠﻴﻞ اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ‪:‬‬

‫‪-1‬اﺟﺮد اﻟﻘﻮى اﻟﻤﻄﺒﻘﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺤﺎﻣﻞ اﻟﺬاﺗﻲ أﺛﻨﺎء اﻧﺰﻻﻗﻪ‪.‬‬

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‫‪-2‬اﺣﺴﺐ اﻟﺴﺮﻋﺔ اﻟﻠﺤﻈﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﻨﻘﻄﺔ ‪ G‬ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﻮﺿﻌﻴﻦ ) ‪ G2 (t 2‬و ) ‪. G8 (t8‬‬

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‫‪-3‬اﺣﺴﺐ اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﺤﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺤﺎﻣﻞ اﻟﺬاﺗﻲ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﻮﺿﻌﻴﻦ ‪ G2‬و ‪ . G8‬ﺛﻢ اﺳﺘﻨﺘﺞ ﺗﻐﻴﺮ اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﺤﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﺑﻴﻦ اﻟﻠﺤﻈﺘﻴﻦ ‪ t 2‬و ‪t8‬‬
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‫‪r‬‬
‫‪-4‬اﺣﺴﺐ ﻣﺠﻤﻮع أﺷﻐﺎل اﻟﻘﻮى اﻟﻤﻄﺒﻘﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺤﺎﻣﻞ اﻟﺬاﺗﻲ ) ‪ . ΣWG2 →G8 ( F‬ﻣﺎذا ﺗﺴﺘﻨﺘﺞ؟‬
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 ‫ﻧﺸﺎط ﺗﺠﺮﻳﺒﻲ ‪ :1‬اﻟﺪراﺳﺔ اﻟﺘﺠﺮﻳﺒﻴﺔ ﻟﺤﺮﻛﺔ اﻟﺴﻘﻮط اﻟﺤﺮ‬
‫‪-‬اﻟﻌﺪة اﻟﺘﺠﺮﻳﺒﻴﺔ‪:‬‬
‫ﻣﺴﻄﺮة ﻣﺪرﺟﺔ‪ ،‬ﻛﻬﺮ ﻣﻐﻨﻄﻴﺲ و دارﺗﻪ اﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎﺋﻴﺔ ﻣﺰودة ﺑﻘﺎﻃﻊ اﻟﺘﻴﺎر‪ ،‬ﻛﺮﻳﺔ ﻓﻮﻻذﻳﺔ‪ ،‬ﻻﻗﻂ‪ ،‬ﻣﻴﻘﺖ رﻗﻤﻲ‬
‫‪-‬ﻃﺮﻳﻘﺔ اﻟﻌﻤﻞ‪:‬‬
‫ﻧﻐﻠﻖ ﻗﺎﻃﻊ اﻟﺘﻴﺎر و ﻧﺜﺒﺖ اﻟﻜﺮﻳﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻜﻬﺮﻣﻐﻨﻄﻴﺲ‪.‬‬
‫ﻧﺜﺒﺖ اﻟﻼﻗﻂ ﻋﻠﻰ ارﺗﻔﺎع ‪ h‬ﻣﻦ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ اﻟﻜﺮﻳﺔ و ﻧﻔﺘﺢ ﻗﺎﻃﻊ اﻟﺘﻴﺎر ﻓﺘﺴﻘﻂ اﻟﻜﺮﻳﺔ أﻣﺎم اﻟﻤﺴﻄﺮة اﻟﻤﺪرﺟﺔ ﻣﺎرة ﺑـﺎﻟﻼﻗﻂ ﺣﻴـﺚ‬
‫ﺗﻘﺎس ﺳﺮﻋﺘﻬﺎ ‪. v‬‬
‫ﻳﺒﺪأ اﺷﺘﻐﺎل اﻟﻤﻴﻘﺖ ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﻳﺠﺘﺎز اﻟﻄﺮف اﻷﺳﻔﻞ ﻟﻠﻜﺮﻳﺔ اﻟﺸﻌﺎع اﻟﻀﻮﺋﻲ اﻟﻤﻨﺒﻌﺚ ﻣـﻦ اﻟﺨﻠﻴـﺔ اﻟﻜﻬﺮﺿـﻮﺋﻴﺔ ‪ 1‬و ﻳﺘﻮﻗـﻒ ﻋﻨـﺪ‬
‫اﺟﺘﻴﺎز اﻟﻄﺮف اﻷﺳﻔﻞ ﻟﻠﻜﺮﻳﺔ اﻟﺸﻌﺎع اﻟﻀﻮﺋﻲ اﻟﻤﻨﺒﻌﺚ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺨﻠﻴﺔ اﻟﻜﻬﺮﺿﻮﺋﻴﺔ ‪.2‬‬
‫ﻧﻌﻴﺪ اﻟﺘﺠﺮﺑﺔ ﻣﺮات ﻋﺪﻳﺪة‪ ،‬ﺑﺤﻴﺚ ﻧﻐﻴﺮ ﻓﻲ ﻛﻞ ﻣﺮة ﻣﻮﺿﻊ اﻟﻼﻗﻂ )ﺗﻐﻴﻴـﺮ ‪ ،( h‬و ﻧﻘـﻴﺲ اﻟـﺴﺮﻋﺔ ‪ v‬اﻟﻤﻮاﻓﻘـﺔ‪ .‬ﻓﻨﺤـﺼﻞ ﻋﻠـﻰ‬
‫اﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‪:‬‬
‫‪1,1‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪0,8‬‬ ‫‪0,6‬‬ ‫‪0,4‬‬ ‫‪0,2‬‬ ‫‪0,1‬‬ ‫ارع )‪h(m‬‬
‫‪473,47 451,02 404,08 350,00 285,71 202,04‬‬ ‫‪142,85‬‬ ‫) ‪t (ms‬‬
‫‪4,46‬‬ ‫‪4,42‬‬ ‫‪3,86‬‬ ‫‪3,43‬‬ ‫‪2,80‬‬ ‫‪1,98‬‬ ‫‪1,40‬‬ ‫) ‪v(m.s −1‬‬
‫‪0,223‬‬ ‫‪0,203‬‬ ‫‪0,163‬‬ ‫‪0,1225‬‬ ‫‪0,081‬‬ ‫‪0,0408‬‬ ‫‪0,0204‬‬ ‫) ‪t 2 (s2‬‬
‫‪19,9‬‬ ‫‪19,5‬‬ ‫‪14,9‬‬ ‫‪11,76‬‬ ‫‪7,84‬‬ ‫‪3,92‬‬ ‫‪1,96‬‬ ‫) ‪v 2 (m 2 .s −2‬‬
‫ﻧﺄﺧﺬ‪ g = 9,8 N .kg −1 :‬ﺷﺪة ﻣﺠﺎل اﻟﺜﻘﺎﻟﺔ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻣﻠﺤﻮﻇﺔ‪:‬‬
‫ﻧﻬﻤﻞ ﺗﺄﺛﻴﺮ اﻟﻬﻮاء ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻜﺮﻳﺔ أﻣﺎم ﺗﺄﺛﻴﺮ اﻷرض‬

‫‪-1‬ﻣﺜﻞ ﻣﻨﺤﻨﻰ ﺗﻐﻴﺮات ‪ v 2‬ﺑﺪﻻﻟﺔ ‪ . h‬و اﺳﺘﻨﺘﺞ ﺗﻌﺒﻴﺮ ‪ v 2‬ﺑﺪﻻﻟﺔ ‪ g‬و ‪. h‬‬
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‫‪-2‬ﻣﺜﻞ ﻣﻨﺤﻨﻰ ﺗﻐﻴﺮات ‪ h‬ﺑﺪﻻﻟﺔ ‪ . t 2‬و اﺳﺘﻨﺘﺞ ﺗﻌﺒﻴﺮ ‪ h‬ﺑﺪﻻﻟﺔ ‪ g‬و ‪. t 2‬‬
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 ‫ﻧﺸﺎط ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻘﻲ‪:‬‬
‫ﻳﻨﺠﺰ ﻗﺮص ﻣﺘﺠﺎﻧﺲ ﻛﺘﻠﺘـﻪ ‪ ، m = 1,15kg‬وﺷـﻌﺎﻋﻪ ‪ ، r‬ﺣﺮﻛـﺔ دوران ﺣـﻮل ﻣﺤـﻮر‬
‫‪r‬‬
‫ﺛﺎﺑﺖ )∆( ‪ ،‬ﺗﺤﺖ ﺗﺄﺛﻴﺮ ﻗﻮة ‪ F‬ﻣﻤﺎﺳﻴﺔ ﻟﻤﺤﻴﻂ اﻟﻘـﺮص ﺷـﺪﺗﻬﺎ ﺛﺎﺑﺘـﺔ ‪ . F = 1,2 N‬ﻳﻤﺜـﻞ‬
‫‪1‬‬
‫اﻟﺘﺴﺠﻴﻞ ﺟﺎﻧﺒﺎ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎﻟﺴﻠﻢ ‪ ،‬ﺗﺴﺠﻴﻞ ﻣﻮاﺿﻊ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ ‪ A‬ﻣﻦ ﻣﺤﻴﻂ اﻟﻘـﺮص ﻓـﻲ ﻣـﺪد زﻣﻨﻴـﺔ‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫ﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ وﻣﺘﺴﺎوﻳﺔ ‪. τ = 60ms‬‬
‫‪1‬‬
‫ﻧﻌﻄﻲ‪ :‬ﻋﺰم ﻗﺼﻮر اﻟﻘﺮص ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﺤﻮر )∆( ﻫﻮ‪J ∆ = mr 2 :‬‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫‪-1‬ﻣﺎ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﺔ ﺣﺮﻛﺔ اﻟﻘﺮص؟‬
‫‪-2‬اﺟﺮد اﻟﻘﻮى اﻟﻤﻄﺒﻘﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻘﺮص‪ .‬ﺛﻢ اﺣﺴﺐ ﺷﻐﻞ ﻛﻞ ﻗﻮة ﺑﻴﻦ اﻟﻤﻮﺿﻌﻴﻦ ‪ A2‬و ‪A6‬‬
‫‪-3‬اﺣﺴﺐ اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﺤﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﻘﺮص ﻓﻲ ﻛﻞ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﻮﺿﻌﻴﻦ ‪ A2‬و ‪، A6‬‬
‫ﺛﻢ اﺳﺘﻨﺘﺞ ﺗﻐﻴﺮ اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﺤﺮﻛﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﻘﺮص ﺑﻴﻦ اﻟﻤﻮﺿﻌﻴﻦ ‪ A2‬و ‪. A6‬‬
‫‪r‬‬
‫‪-4‬ﻗﺎرن ‪ ∆EC‬ﻣﻊ ) ‪ ΣW (F‬اﻟﺬي ﻳﻤﺜﻞ ﻣﺠﻤﻮع اﻷﺷﻐﺎل اﻟﻘﻮى اﻟﻤﻄﺒﻘﺔ ﻋﻠـﻰ اﻟﻘـﺮص‪.‬‬
‫ﻣﺎذا ﺗﺴﺘﻨﺘﺞ؟‬

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