WAR AND EXPANSION IN THE UNITED STATES

p. 325-327

Objectives
Trace U.S. expansion to the Pacific
Describe effects of the Civil War
Analyze postwar economic expansion

AMERICANS MOVE WEST

Manifest Destiny
Manifest Destiny
The idea that the Unites States had the right and duty
to rule North America from the Atlantic Ocean to the
Pacific Ocean

Indian Removal Act of 1830

Trail of Tears
800 mile journey on foot
of the Cherokee died on the way

AMERICANS MOVE WEST

Texas Joins the United States
After Mexican independence from Spain
Americans begin to settle in Mexico

Once there, settlers became up happy

with Mexicos rule
1836 Texas right and win their
independence

1845 Texas is annexed by the United States

Mexico still claiming Texas Sees this as an act of
war

AMERICANS MOVE WEST

War with Mexico
Mexican-American War
May 1846 Feb 1848

Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo

California
Large part of the Southwest

Gadsden Purchase
Settled boarder with the US Mexico
29,640-square-mile
$10,000,000

CIVIL WAR TESTS DEMOCRACY

North and South
Northern Economy
More diverse
Factories
Farms

Southern Economy
Less diverse
Mostly farms
Cash crops
Slave based

Northern population
Wanted slavery outlawed in the west
Morally wrong

Southern population
Saw slavery as economically necessary
Fertile soil in the west for cash crops

CIVIL WAR TESTS DEMOCRACY

Civil War Breaks Outs
Abraham Lincoln
Promised to stop the spread of slavery

Secede
With draw from the union

Confederate States of America

American Civil War
Fort Sumter, South Carolina
1861-1865

CIVIL WAR TESTS DEMOCRACY

Abolition of Slavery

Reconstruction

Emancipation Proclamation

1865-1876

Declared all slaves in Confederate states to be free

Did nothing as first, but was symbolic
The war was against slavery
Kept Europeans out of the war
As the Northern army advanced they freed slaves in the surrounding areas

Union troops occupied the south to enforce

constitutional amendments

Jim Crow Laws

Abolished slavery in the United States

Laws making it nearly impossible for AfricanAmericans to vote

14th Amendment

Segregation Laws

Citizenship to all former slaves

Laws separating African-Americans from whites

13th Amendment

THE POSTWAR ECONOMY

Immigration

The Railroads

1870s

Transcontinental Railroad 1869

2,000 immigrants a day

1914
20,000,000 people had moved to the
United States from Europe and Asia

1900 200,000 miles of track

Would help the United States become the
world leader in many production industries

Why was the Cherokee journey called the Trail of

Tears?
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How was the effect of the Mexican-American War greater than its
cause? What did we set out to do? What did we gain?
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Why did Southerners feel threatened by Lincoln?

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How might the Irish Potato Famine have effected U.S.

industrialization?
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