AREAL EDITORES

GRAMMAR

4 Present Perfect

Have/Has + particpio passado:
Taylor Swift has been on tour.
She has visited a lot of cities
in Europe and the USA.
Affirmative

I
You

have
('ve)

He
She
It
We
You
They

Negative

played

I
You

have not
(haven't)

played

has
('s)

had

He
She
It

has not
(hasn't)

had

have
('ve)

been

We
You
They

have not
(haven't)

been

Short answers
Interrogative

Have I/you

Affirmative

I/you

seen? Yes, he/she/it

we/you/
Have we/you/they
they
Has he/she/it

Negative

have.

I/you

has. No, he/she/it

have.

we/you/
they

haven't.
hasn't.
haven't.

A: Have you seen this film?

B: No, I havent, but I want to.

Past Participle

O particpio passado dos verbos regulares igual ao past simple

(infinitivo + -ed/-d):
walk walked walked.
(Consulta as regras de ortografia na pgina 19.)

O particpio passado dos verbos irregulares pode ser igual forma

do past simple ou diferente:
have had had; take took taken.

(Consulta a lista na pgina 36.)

34 thirty-four