RTP/RTCP Real Time

Transport Protocol/ Real Time

Control Protocol
Presented by
Manoj Sivakumar

Overview

Motivation
RTP/RTCP description

Motivation

TCP/IP

Not suitable for real-time

Retransmissions can lead to high delay and cause delay

jitter

Does not support multicast

Congestion control mechanism (slow start) not suitable for
AV media

UDP/IP

No defined technique for synchronizing

Streams from different servers may collide
A feedback channel must be defined for quality control

RTP/RTCP

A session consists of an RTP/RTCP

pair of channels
Usually works over UDP/IP
End-to-end protocol

RTP/RTCP

RTP Features

Multicasting
Payload type identification
Time shaping
Sequencing
Delivery monitoring

RTP/RTCP

RTP Issues

No QoS guarantees
No guarantee of packet delivery

RTP Timestamp (TS) and Sequence

Number (SN)

TS used to order packets in correct timing order

SN to detect packet loss
For a video frame that spans multiple packets
TS is same but SN is different

RTP/RTCP

RTCP

Synchronize across different media

streams
Provide feedback on the quality of data
using lost packet counts
Identify and keep track of participants
Retransmission requests

RTP/RTCP
Media Application
RTCP
RTP
UDP
IP

RTP/RTCP
RTP HEADER

Reference

www.cs.columbia.edu/~hgs/rtp/papers.
html