f g (x ) g ' ( x)dx ntegralinde u=g(x) ve

Dnm yaplarak integral

u ' g ' ( x)dx

f ( x)duhaline getirilir.

rnek-1-

4
2
3
integralini hesaplaynz
(
x

2
x

3
).(
x

x
).
dx

zm:

u x 2x 3

du (4 x 4 x).dx

du 4( x x).dx

du
( x 3 x ).dx
4

4
du
1
1
u
I u 3 u 3 .du
c
4 4
4 4

1 4
I ( x 2 x 2 3) 4 c
16

rnek-2zm:

sin x

. cos x.dx

integralini hesaplaynz.

u sinx

du cosx.dx

I e .du e c
u

rnek-3zm:

x
1 x 2 dx integralini hesaplaynz.
du
2
du

2xdx
x.dx

u 1 x

du
2 1 ln u c 1 ln(1 x 2 ) c
u
2
2

ln x

rnek-4hesaplaynz.x
zm:

dx

u ln x

integralini
du

1
dx
x

1
2

3
2

u
u du u du
c
3
2
3
2

2
(ln x ) c
3

dx
rnek-5 e x 1 dx
hesaplaynz.

integralini

zm:
dx

ex 1 ex
ex 1
ex
ex
I x dx x
dx x dx x dx dx x dx
e 1
e 1
e 1
e 1
e 1

ex
I2 x
dx
e 1

u e 1 du e .dx
x

du
I2
ln u c
u

I x ln e 1 c
x

rnek-6zm:

dx

integralini hesaplaynz.

u x

du

1
2 x

I e u .2du 2 e u du 2e u c
rnek-7- sin x. cos x.dx
hesaplaynz.
zm:

u sin x
2

u
I u.du
c
2

1
2du
dx
x

dx

I 2e c
x

integralini

du cos x.dx
2

sin x
I
c
2

rnek-8x 2 4 x ( x 2).dx
hesaplaynz.
zm:

u x2 4x

integralini

du (2 x 4 x).dx 2( x 2).dx

du
( x 2).dx
2
3
2

du 1
1u
1 7
I u
u .du
c u c
2
2
2 3
3
2
3
1 2
I ( x 4 x) 2 c
3

arctan x
rnek-9- 1 x 2 dx

integralini hesaplaynz.

1
u

arctan
x
du
dx
zm:
2
1 x
2
2
u
arctan
x
I u.du c I
c
2
2
x
x
e

e
rnek-10 e x ex dx

u e x e x
I

du
ln u c
u

integralini hesaplaynz.
x

du (e e )dx
x

I ln e e c
x

rnek-11zm:

(cot x tan x)dx

integralini hesaplaynz.

cot xdx tan xdx

I1

I2

t cos x
du cos x dt sin x.dx
u sin x

I ln u ln t c
I ln sin x ln cos x c

rnek-12-

sin 2 x
3 cos2 x dx

zm: u 3 cos 2 x

du 2 cos x sin x sin x

du
I
ln u c
u

I ln 3 cos 2 x c

4
2
(tan
x

tan
x)dx integralini hesaplaynz.

rnek-13zm:

integralini hesaplaynz.

I tan x(tan x 1)dx

2

u tan x

du (1 tan 2 x)dx

u
I u du c
3
2

tan 3 x
I
c
3

rnek-14-

dx
9 25 x

integralini hesaplaynz.

zm:
a, b R 0

1
bx
arcsin
c
2
2 2
b
a
a b x
dx

1
5x
arcsin
c
2
5
3
9 25 x
dx

rnek-1zm:

x.e .dx
x

integralini hesaplaynz.

ux

dv e .dx

du dx

ve

x
.
e
.
dx

x
.
e

e
.
dx

x.e e c
x

rnek-2zm:

ln x.dx
u ln x
1
du dx
x

integralini hesaplaynz.

dv dx
vx

1
lnx.dx x.lnx - x. x dx
x.lnx - x c

rnek-3-

x
e
. sin x.dx

zm:

u sin x

integralini hesaplaynz.

dv e x dx

du cos x.dx

v ex

sin x.e x e x . cos x.dx

u cos x

dv e x .dx

du sin x.dx

ve

I e x . sin x e x . cos x (e x cos x e x . sin x.dx

I e x . sin x e x . cos x e x . sin x.dx

x
I
e
x
2 I e . sin x cos x . sin x cos x c
2

rnek-4- ln x

x 2 1 .dx

integralini hesaplaynz.

zm:

u ln x x 1
1
du
.dx
2
x 1
2

I x.lnx x

I x. ln x

dv dx
vx

x.dx

x 1
2

x 1
2

x2 1

x 1 c
2

rnek-5zm:

cos ln x .dx

integralini hesaplaynz.

u cos ln x
1
du -sinlnx. dx
x

dv dx
vx

lnx
I cos(lnx).x - - sin
xdx
x
u sin(lnx)
dv dx
1
du cos(ln x ).dx v x
x
I x.cos(lnx) x.sin(lnx) - cos(lnx)
x
I cos(ln x) sin(ln x )
2

rnek-1-

x3 2 x 2 x 2
x 1 dx

zm:

x3 2 x2 x 2
x x
3

x2 x 2
-

x x
2

integralini hesaplaynz.

X+1

x2 x

2
x x
x 1
2

2
x x
2dx
I x x
.dx
x 1
3 2
x 1

3
2
x x
I 2 ln x 1 c
3 2
2

rnek-2-

x 1
x.( x 1)dx

x 1
A B

x.( x 1)
x x 1

zm:

x 0 iin A -1

integralini hesaplaynz.

x - 1 A(x 1) B(x)
x -1
1 2

x.(x 1)
x x 1

x -1 iin B 2

1 2
x x 1 dx ln x 2 ln x 1 c
( x 1) 2
I ln
c
x

rnek-3-

dx
x.(x 1) 2

integralini hesaplaynz.

1
A
B
C

2
2
x.( x 1)
x x 1 ( x 1)

zm:

1 A( x 1) Bx( x 1) Cx
x 1 iin
C 1, x o iin A 1
x 2 iin
B -1
dx
1
1
1
x.(x - 1) 2 ( x x 1 ( x 1) 2 )dx
1
I ln x ln x 1
c
x 1
2

rnek-4zm:

dx
integralini hesaplaynz.
x 2 16
dx
dx
x 2 16 ( x 4).( x 4)
1
A
B

( x 4).( x 4) x 4 x 4
1 A( x 4) B ( x 4)
1
x 4 iin B
8
1
x4
iin A
8
1
1

dx
1 x4
8
8

x 2 16 x 4 x 4 dx 8 ln x 4 c

cos x sin x
dx

1.
sin x cos x belirsiz integrali iin
Aadakilerden hangisi dorudur?
A)

I sin x cos x c

B)

I 2. sin x c

C)

I 2 sin x cos x c

D)

I sin x. cos x c

E)

I 2 sin x. cos x c

2.

x4 4
dx
4
x

Belirsiz integrali aadakilerden

hangisi olamaz?
A)

3x 4 3x 3 4
3x 3

B)

3x 4 4 x 3 4
3x 3

3x 4 5 x 3 4 x
3x 3

D)

3x 4 6 x 3 4
3x 3

E)

3x 4 4
3x 3

3.

2
2
sin
x
.
cos
x.dx

ntegralinin zm aadakilerden

hangisidir?
A)

x sin 4 x

c
8
32

B)

3x sin 4 x

c
8
32

C)

D)

x sin 4 x

c
8
32

x sin 4 x

c
8
32

E) I

3x sin 4 x

c
8
32

2 x3 2 x 1
dx
4
2
x 1

Belirsiz integrali iin aadakilerden

hangisi dorudur?

A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

x 2 arctan x c
x 3 arctan x c
x 2 ln( x 2 1) c
1
x ln( x 2 1) c
2
x arctan( x 1) c
2

5.

ln x
x 2 dx

belirsiz integrali iin aadakilerden

hangisi dorudur?
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

ln x
1
c
x
x

ln x
1

c
x
x

ln x
1

c
x
x

I ln

1
c
x

ln x
1
I
c
x
x

6.

8 sin x. cos x. cos 2 x.dx

belirsiz integrali iin

Aadakilerden hangisi dorudur?

A) cos 4 x c
B)

cos 4 x c

1
sin 4 x c
C) 4
cos 8 x
D) 2 c

E) cos 4 x c
2

7.

sin

x.dx

integralinin deeri aadakilerden

hangisidir?
A)

cos 3 x
I cos x
c
3

B)

cos 3 x
I cos x
c
3

C)

sin 3 x
I sin x
c
3

D)

cos 3 x
I sin x
c
3

E)

cos 3 x
I sin x
c
3

8.

dx
x2 x

belirsiz integrali iin, aadakilerden

hangisi dorudur?
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

1
ln
c
x 1
ln

1
c
2
x 1

ln x 2 x c

ln

x
c
x 1

x2
ln
c
x 1

rnek:

f(x)=2/x2 erisine x=1 apsisli noktadan izilen teeti ile eksenler

arasndaki dzlemsel blgenin oy ekseni etrafnda dndrlmesi ile
oluan eklin hacmi ka br3tr?

zm:

Meydana gelen dzlemsel blgenin alan ekildeki gibidir.

nce f(x)in x=1 noktasndaki teeti bulunur.
f(x)=-2x*2/x4

=-4/x3

m=f-1(x)=-4
x=1 iin f(1)=2
A(1,2)
-3/2

3/2
x

Teetin denklemi:
y-y1=m(x-x1)
y-2=-4(x-1)
y=-4x+6

1. Yol:

ekil konidir. Koninin hacminden;

*r2 *h
2

3
3

*6

*9*6
4*3

9
br 3
2

2.Yol:
Vy

6 2
y6
x dy
dy 0 y 12 y 36 dy
0
16
4
2

y 3 12 y 2

36 y
16 3
2

6
0

63

6 * 6 36 * 6 0 72 63 63
16 3
16

* 72 9 3

br
16
2

rnek:

zm:

ntegral yardmyla koninin hacmini bulunuz.

Koninin yksekliine h ve taban yarapna r diyelim ve

[AB]dorusunun denklemini bulalm.

A(0,r)
B(h,0)
x

A (0 , r) = (x1 , y1)
y2)

B = (h , 0) = (x2 ,

(x-x1) * (y2-y1) = (x2-x1) * (y-y1)

(x-0) * (0-r) = (h-0) * (y-r)
-x*r = h*(y-r)

ise

y=r-(x*r)/h

Buna gre;
2

x*r

Vx r
dx
0
h

2
2
2
h

2
*
x
*
r
x
*
r
2
dx
r

2
0
h
h

2
2r 2
x2
r2
x3
h
r *x
*
2 *

0
h
2
h
3

r2
r2
h3
2
0
r h
*h 2 *
h
h
3

r
h
2
2

r h r h
3

Vx

*r2 *h
3

br 3

rnek:
y=x2-2x erisi x=3 dorusu ve x ekseni arasnda kalan alan
ka br2dir?

ZM:

A=A1+A2

A x 2 x dx x 2 2 x dx
2

y
y=x2-2x

x
2

x3
x2

2
2
3

3
2

x
x
2

2
0
2
3

3
2

8
27

4 0
9 4

3
3
4
4 8 2
0 br
3
3 3

rnek:

y=x3 erisi y=3 dorusu ve y-ekseni arasnda kalan alan ka

br2dir?

ZM:

A xdy

y 1dy

t 3 y 1 3t 2 * dt dy
y=x3-1
y=3

-1

A t * 3t dt 3 t dt
2

3
t4 3 3
4
y 1 1
3
4 4
3 3
4

3 1 3 (1 1) 4

4
3 3 4
* 4 33 4br 2
4

rnek:
y=lnx erisi ox ekseni ve x=e dorusu arasnda kalan dzlemsel
blgenin alan ka br2dir?

ZM:
y
y=lnx

A ln xdx

u ln x

dx
du
x

A ln xdx ln x * x
1

x * ln x x

dv dx

dx
x*
x

e
1

e * ln e e 1* ln 1 1
(e e) 0 1 1br 2

CEVAP B

vx

rnek:

y=2-x2 ile y=x2 erileri tarafndan snrlanan alan ka br2dir?

ZM:
y=x2

1
y=2-x2

y=x2
y=2-x2
x2=2-x2
x2=1
x=1, x=-1

x
2 2 x dx 2 x 2
1
3 1
3
3

1
2 * 1

2 *1 2 * 2 * 1

3
3

2
2
2 2
3
3
1

-1

ise

A ( y1 y2 )dx 2 x 2 x 2 dx

2x2=2

4 4 4 4 8 2
br
3 3 3 3 3

rnek:
f(x)=lnx erisinin x=e noktasndan izilen teeti ile x ekseni ve
f(x) = lnx erisi arasndaki alan ka br2dir?

ZM: nce teetin denklemi bulunur.

f(x) = lnx

A(e,1)

f(x)=1/x

ise

m=1/e dir
0

y-y1=m(x-x1)
y-1=1/e(x-e)
y=x/e-1+1

y=x/e

1
e
* e *1
2
2

Agen
S

ln xdx x * ln x x

e
e2
A 1
2
2

e
1

1 e
y=lnx

rnek:
f(x)=x2 parabol ve g(x)=x dorusu arasnda kalan dzlemsel
blgenin ox ekseni etrafnda 360 dndrlmesi ile oluan
cismin hacmi nedir?

ZM:

f(x) =g(x) x2=x x=0

veya

x=1

g(x) = x
f(x) =x

V * g x f
1

x x dx
1

1 3 1 5
x x
5
3

1
0

1 1 2 3

br
3 5 15

x dx

rnek:
y=x2 parabol, x=0 ve y=2 dorular arasnda kalan
blgenin Oy eksen etrafnda 360 dndrlmesi ile elde
edilen dnnel cismin hacmini bulunuz.

ZM:

y = x2

x = y

(x >=0) dr. Oluan cismin hacmi:

y=2

y= x

V *

2
0

y * dy * y * dy
0

4 3

br
2

rnek:
x2+(y-3)2 =4 emberinin snrlad blgenin, Oy ekseni
etrafnda dnmesinden oluan cismin hacmi nedir?

ZM:

M(0,3)

r=2

Oluacak ekil kre

olduundan
Krenin hacmi ile de
zlebilir.

y=(4-x2)+3

Vy=4/3 br3 =4/3*8

1
-2

32/3 br3

rnek:
y= x2 erisi ile y=4 dorusu x ekseni etrafnda dndrlyor. Elde
edilen cismin hacmi ka br3tr?

ZM:

x2=y

x2=4

x=2

x=-2

y2=x2
y1=4

-2

Vx *

2
1

y22 dx

256 3
* 16 x dx
br
2
5
2