Chapter 32 Section 1

Guided Reading Questions

Hitlers Lightning War

What did each leader gain from the secret

Hitler and Stalin sign a non- 1.
agreement?
aggression pact.
Hitler: removal of threat of attack from the east, division of
Poland
Stalin: division of Poland, takeover Finland and Baltic
countries, safety from German attack

Hitler invades Poland.

2.

What strategy did Hitler use to conquer

Poland?

Blitzkrieg, or lightning war, using fast moving

mechanized weapons and overwhelming force

What was Hitlers plan for conquering France?

Hitler invades Denmark and 3.
Poland.
Pave a way to France and distract Allies by invading
Holland, Belgium, and Luxemburg, then send massive
force through the Ardennes

France surrenders.

4.

What happened at Dunkirk?

Britain rescued Allied soldiers stranded at Dunkirk and

ferried them to safety across the English channel.

German Luftwaffe begins

bombing British cities.
Italy moves to seize Egypt
and Suez Canal.

5.

What was the outcome of the Battle of Britain?

RAF fighters and British resistance forced Germany to call

off the attack.

What was the outcome of the fighting at

Hitler sends Rommel to help 6.
Tobruk?
Italian troops seize Egypt
and the Suez Canal.
By the beginning of 1942, the British had forced Rommel
to retreat. By the middle of the year; however, Rommel
pushed the British back and seized Tobruk.
Hitler invades the Soviet
Union.

7.

How did Hitlers invasion compare with

Napoleons invasion of Russia?

In both invasions, Russias terrible winter and its strategy

of destroying everything in the enemys path created
severe hardships for the invaders.

Winston Churchill: British prime minister who rallied British people to fight on against
Nazi aggression.

Charles de Gaulle: French general and resistance leader.

Atlantic Charter: Declaration issued by Churchill and Roosevelt that formed bassis for
Allies peace plan.

Chapter 32
Section 2
Guided Reading Questions
Japans Pacific Campaign

a.

What happened?

b.

What is the significance of the battle or attack?

1.

Bombing of Pearl
Harbor

a.

Japanese launched surprise attack, sinking or

damaging almost the entire U.S. Pacific fleet.

b. U.S. declared war on Japan.

2.

Fall of Southeast
Asian colonies

a.

b.
3.

Doolittles raid on
Japan

a.

Through a planned series of attacks in the the

Pacific, Japan seized control of rich European
colonies.
Helped Japan replenish depleted resources.
As revenge for Pearl Harbor, U.S. sent 16 B-25
bombers to bomb Japanese cities.

b. Showed that Japan could be attacked and raised

American morale.
4.

Battle of the Coral

a.

Following interception of Japanese attack on Port

Moresby, Japanese and American naval fleets fought
to a draw.

b.

Introduced a new kind of naval warfare using

only airplanes; stopped Japans expansion southward.

a.

American carrier planes defeated Japanese fleet

poised to attack Midway Island, a key American
airfield.

Sea

5.

Battle of Midway

b.
6.

Battle of Guadalcanal a.

b.

Reversed the tide of war in the Pacific.

U.S. marines, with Australian support, seized
Japanese airfield and fought on land and sea for
control of island of Guadalcanal.
Forced Japan to abandon island of Guadalcanal;
began MacArthurs island-hopping counterattack.

Isoroku Yamamoto: Japanese naval strategist who pushed who pushed for
destruction of U.S. naval fleet in Hawaii.

Douglas MacArthur: U.S. commander of Allied forces in the Pacific who supported an
island hopping strategy against the Japanese.

Chapter 32
Section 3
Guided Reading Questions
The Holocaust

1.

Who?

Who were the victims of the *

Holocaust?
Who were members of the
master race?
2.

Non-Aryan peoples, primarily Jews

* Aryans

What?

What were the Nuremberg

Laws?

German laws depriving Jews of rights to

citizenship and jobs.

What happened on the night *

On Kristallnacht, the Nazis launched a violent
of November 9, 1938?
attack on Jewish communities all over Germany.
What was Hitlers final
solution?
3.

* Systematic killing of entire groups of people,

particularly Jews, whom the Nazis saw as inferior.

Where?

Where did German Jews try *

France, Britain, the United States, and other
to immigrate to find safety
countries.
from Nazi terror?
Where were Jews forced to *
live in German-controlled
cities?
Where were the
concentration camps?

In Ghettos - segregated Jewish areas.

* Mainly in Germany and Poland.

4.

Why?

Why did Hitler believe that *

Jews and other subhumans
had to be exterminated?

To protect the purity of the Aryan race.

Why did the Germans build

extermination camps?
* To carry out mass murders in huge gas chambers.

5.

When?

When did the final stage of

the Final Solution begin?
6.

* Early 1942

How?

How did non-Jewish people By hiding Jews in their homes or helping them escape to
try to save Jews from the
neutral countries.
horrors of Nazism?
How many Jews died in the
Holocaust?
* Approximately 6,000,000

Holocaust: Mass slaughter of civilians, primarily Jews.

Aryans: Germanic peoples

Ghettos: Segregated living areas for Jews within cities.

Genocide: Systematic murder of an entire population.

Chapter 32
Section 4
Guided Reading Questions
The Allied Victory
A.

As you read this section, note how each of the following events or campaigns
contributed to the Allies victory in World War II.

1.

Battle of El Alamein

2.

Operation Torch

Forced Rommel and his forces to retreat

westward from Egypt.

Landed American troops in North Africa;

finally crushed Rommels Afrika Korps.

3.

4.

Battle of Stalingrad

Put German forces on the defensive with

the Soviets, pushing them westward.

Invasion of Italy

Resulted in Allied conquest of Sicily and

forced eventual surrender of Italy.

5.

Propaganda campaigns on
home fronts

6.

D-Day invasion

Rallied people on the home front to do

their part to support the war effort.

Opened a second front in Europe; led to

the liberation of France, Belgium,
Luxembourg, and much of the
Netherlands from Nazi occupation.

7.

8.

Battle of the Bulge

Battle of Leyte Gulf

German offensive forced Allies to retreat;

Allied resistance stopped Germans and
resulted in heavy losses for Hitler.

Wiped out the Japanese navy.

9.

10.

Battle of Okinawa

Resulted in heavy losses for Japanese

and moved Allies closer to an invasion of
Japanese homeland.

Bombing of Hiroshima and

Nagasaki

Forced surrender of Japan and the end of

war.

Bernard Montgomery: British commander who launched Battle of El Alamein, in which

Rommels army was defeated.

Dwight Eisenhower: American general who led D-Day invasion.

Chapter 32

Section 5
Guided Reading Questions
Europe and Japan in Ruins

A.

As you read this section, fill out the chart by writing notes to describe conditions
in postwar Europe and Japan.

Postwar Europe
1. Note three ways war
affected the land and
people of Europe.

Destroyed cities, factories, farmland, and utilities,

resulting in a ruined economy, shortages, famine,
disease, unemployment, and destroyed lives.

2. Note three political

problems postwar
governments faced.

Displaced persons, discredited governments, lack of

political leadership, threat of Communist takeovers.

3.

Put Nazis on trial for crimes against humanity

Note one way the

Allies dealt with the
Holocaust.

Postwar Japan
4. Note two effects of
Allied bombing raids on
Japan.

Destroyed cities, shattered economy, caused deaths of

two million people.

5. Note three ways U.S.

occupation changed
Japan.

Government was democratized, land ownership was

expanded, standing army was disbanded, and
independent labor unions were formed.

Postwar Japan
6. Note three provisions in
Japans new constitution.

Two-house parliament (Diet) elected by the people,

prime minister chosen by majority of Diet as head of
government, a vote for all citizens over 20. Japan
forbidden to start an offensive war.

Nuremburg Trials: To punish the guilty and prevent another Holocaust from
happening.

Demilitarization of Japan: To prevent Japan from starting another war.