MT S HM C BN TRONG EXCEL 2010

a ch tng i: l a ch tham chiu c dng <ct><dng>. Khi sao chp n vng ch, a
ch tham chiu ca vng ch s thay i theo ngha phng, chiu v khong cch.

a ch tuyt i: l a ch c dng $<ct>$<dng>. Khi chp n vng ch, a ch tham chiu

ca vng ch s gi nguyn nh ca vng ngun.

B12, C5,

$B$12: tuyt i

a ch hn hp: l a ch kt hp gia a ch tng i v a ch tuyt i

$B12: tuyt i ct

B$12: tuyt i dng

Gii thiu v Hm:

Hm trong Excel c lp trnh sn dng tnh ton hoc thc hin mt chc nng no
.

Vic s dng thnh tho cc hm s gip chng ta tit kim c rt nhiu thi gian so
vi tnh ton th cng.

Excel rt a dng bao trm nhiu lnh vc khc nhau khi thc hin tnh ton trn bng
tnh.

Cu trc chung ca Hm:

Tn hm ([i s1, i s 2, .])

V d:

Rand()

If(A1>=5,t,Rt)

Sum(A1:A10)

Gii thiu v Cng thc:

Nu khng c cc cng thc th bng tnh cng ging nh trnh son tho vn bn.

Khi d liu thay i th cng thc s t ng cp nht cc thay i v cho kt qu mi.

Cng thc trong Excel c bt u l du = v sau l s kt hp ca cc ton t,

cc tr s , cc a ch tham chiu v cc hm.

Cu trc chung ca cng thc

S dng Hm v Cng thc:

Chn cn s dng hm v cng thc tnh ton

t du = u xc nh bt u xy dng Hm hoc cng thc

Sau l s kt hp ca cc ton t, cc tr s, cc a ch tham chiu hoc cc hm.

* Thanh Formula th hin cng thc 1 cch y

* Nn s dng tham chiu thay cho vic s dng gi tr c th.

V d:

Mt s li thng gp

Li

Gii thch

#DIV/0!

Trong cng thc c cha php chia cho 0 hoc chia rng

#NAME?

Do dnh sai tn hm hay tham chiu hoc nh thiu du nhy

#NULL!

Hm s dng d liu giao nhau ca 2 vng m 2 vng ny khng c phn chung nn phn giao rn

#NUM!

Vn i vi gi tr, v d nh dng nhm s m trong khi ng phi l s dng

#REF!

Tham chiu b li, thng l do tham chiu trong hm b xa

#VALUE!

Cng thc tnh ton c cha kiu d liu khng ng.

1. Cc hm ton hc:

Hm ABS:

C php: ABS(n)

Cng dng:Tr v gi tr tuyt i ca s n

V d: ABS(5)=ABS(-5)=5

Hm SQRT:

C php: SQRT(n)

Cng dng: Tr v gi tr l cn bc hai ca s n.

V d: SQRT(9)=3

Hm ROUND:

C php: ROUND(m,n)

Cng dng: Lm trn s thp phn m n n ch s l. Nu n dng th lm trn

phn thp phn . Nu n m th lm trn phn nguyn.

V d:

Round(1.45,1)= 1.5

Round(16.2, -1)= 20

Hm INT:

C php: INT(n)

Cng dng: Tr v l tr l phn nguyn ca s thp phn n.

V d: INT(1.43) = 1

Hm MOD:

C php: MOD(m,n)

Cng dng: Tr v gi tr l phn d ca php chia s m cho s n.

V d: MOD(10,3) = 1

2. Cc hm x l chui:

Hm LOWER:

C php: LOWER(s)

Cng dng: Chuyn tt c cc k t trong chui s sang ch thng.

V d: LOWER(ExCel) = excel

Hm UPPER:

C php: UPPER(s)

Cng dng: Chuyn tt c cc k t trong chui s sang ch hoa

V d:UPPER(ExCel) = EXCEL

Hm PROPER:

C php: PROPER(s)

Cng dng: Chuyn tt c cc k t u ca mi t trong chui s sang k t hoa,

cn li l cc k t thng.

V d: PROPER(MiCRosoFt ExCel) = Microsoft Excel

Hm LEFT:

C php: LEFT(s,n)

Cng dng: Ct ra n k t ca chui s k t bn tri.

V d:

LEFT(ExCel,2) = Ex

LEFT(ExCel) = E

Hm RIGHT:

C php: RIGHT(s,n)

Cng dng: Ct ra n k t ca chui s k t bn phi.

V d:

RIGHT(ExCeL,2) = eL

RIGHT(ExCel) = l

Hm MID:

C php: MID(s, m, n)

Cng dng: Ct ra n k t ca chui s k t v tr th m.

V d: MID(ExCel, 3, 2) = Ce

Hm LEN:

C php: LEN(s)

Cng dng: Tr v gi tr l chiu di ca chui s.

V d: LEN(ExCel) = 5

Hm TRIM:

C php: TRIM(s)

Cng dng: Ct b cc khong trng tha hai u chui.

V d: TRIM( ExCel ) = ExCel.

Hm VALUE:

C php: VALUE(chui s)

Cng dng: Chuyn k t s thnh s.

V d: VALUE(1234)=1234.

Hm FIND:

C php: FIND(Chui cn tm, chui cha gi tr tm, v tr bt u)

Cng dng: Tr v v tr ca Chui cn tm trong chui cha gi tr tm t v tr

bt u.

Hm FIND phn bit ch hoa, ch thng

V d: FIND(Ti, Ti i hc,1) 1.
FIND(ti, Ti i hc,1) #Value

3. Cc hm x l Ngy Gi:

Hm TODAY:

C php: TODAY()

Cng dng: Tr v gi tr l ngy thng nm ca h thng.

Hm NOW:

C php: NOW()

Cng dng: Tr v gi tr l ngy thng nm v gi ca h thng.

Hm DAY:

C php: DAY(biu thc NTN)

Cng dng: Tr v phn ngy ca biu thc ngy thng - nm.

V d: DAY(TODAY()); DAY("19/10/1985") = 19

Hm MONTH:

C php: MONTH(biu thc NTN)

Cng dng: Tr v phn thng ca biu thc ngy thng nm

Hm YEAR:

C php: YEAR(biu thc NTN)

Cng dng: Tr v phn nm ca biu thc ngy thng nm.

V d: YEAR(Today());
YEAR ("19/10/1985") = 1985

Hm SECOND:

C php: SECOND(biu thc GPG)

Cng dng: Tr v phn giy ca biu thc gi - pht giy.

V d: SECOND(now());
SECOND("18:16:27") = 27

Hm MINUTE

C php: MINUTE(biu thc GPG)

Cng dng: Tr v phn pht ca biu thc gi - pht giy.

Hm HOUR:

C php: HOUR (biu thc gi - pht giy)

Cng dng: Tr v phn gi ca biu thc gi - pht giy.

V d: HOUR(now())
HOUR ("18:16:27") = 18

Hm WEAKDAY:

C php: WEAKDAY (ngy thng nm, n)

Cng dng: Tr v v tr ca ngy thng nm trong tun .

n = 1: Ngy bt u ca tun l ngy Ch nht, n=2 Ngy bt u ca tun l

ngy Th hai.

V d: WEAKDAY (07/10/2014,1) 3

4. Cc hm thng k:

Hm MAX:

C php: MAX(Danh sch i s)

Cng dng: Tr v s ln nht trong cc gi tr a vo.

V d: MAX(B1:B10)

Hm MIN:

C php: MIN(Danh sch i s)

Cng dng: Tr v gi tr nh nht trong trong cc gi tr a vo.

V d: MIN(B1:B10)

Hm AVERAGE:

C php: AVERAGE(Danh sch i s)

Cng dng: Tr v gi tr trung bnh cng ca cc trong trong cc gi tr a

vo.

V d: AVERAGE(B1:B10)

Hm COUNT:

C php: COUNT(Danh sch i s).

Cng dng: m s c cha d liu s trong trong cc gi tr a vo.

V d:COUNT(A1:A10)

Hm COUNTA:

C php: COUNT(phm vi).

Cng dng: m s c cha d liu trong phm vi.

V d:COUNT(A1:A10)

Hm COUNTIF:

C php: COUNTIF(phm vi,iu kin).

Cng dng: m s tha mn iu kin trong phm vi

V d:

COUNTIF(A1:A10,>5)

COUNTIF(A1:A10,abc)

Hm SUM:

C php: SUM(Danh sch i s)

Cng dng: Tr v gi tr l tng ca cc trong trong cc gi tr a vo.

V d:

SUM(C1:C10)

SUM (A1, B2, C3)

Hm SUMIF:

C php: SUMIF(Vng kim tra iu kin, iu kin, vng tnh tng)

Cng dng: Hm dng tnh tng c iu kin. Ch nhng no trong vng

kim tra iu kin tha mn iu kin th s tnh tng nhng tng ng trn
vng tnh tng.

V d hm SUMIF:

Tnh tng ca cc nm 2010 m c gi tr nm 2009 l ln hn 200

Hm RANK:

C php: RANK(x, phm vi, n)

Cng dng: Xp v th cho gi tr x trong phm vi.

Nu n=0 (hoc khng c tham s ny) th kt qu sp xp theo kiu ln

b.

Nu <>0 th kt qu sp xp theo kiu b ln.

Phm vi phi c c nh tuyt i.

V d hm RANK:

Xp hng s lng sn phm bn c trong nm 2010

5. Hm iu kin

D liu logic l loi d liu m ch cha mt trong hai gi tr True (ng) hoc False (sai).

Hm IF:

C php: IF( bt iu kin, gt1, gt 2).

Cng dng: Hm tin hnh kim tra biu thc iu kin.

Nu biu thc iu kin l True (ng): tr v gi tr 1

Ngc li, nu biu thc iu kin l False (sai) th tr v gi tr 2.

V d Hm IF:
o

IF(C2>=5, u, Trt)

IF (A3<1000, B1*10%, B1)

IF(D1>= TP, Trng phng,IF(D1= GD, Gim c, Nhn vin)).

6. Cc hm Logic:

Hm AND:

C php: AND (bt iu kin 1, bt iu kin 2, )

Cng dng: Hm tr v gi tr True nu bt iu kin 1 v bt iu kin 2 u mang

gi tr True.

Hm AND kt hp vi IF trong trng hp kim tra cng lc nhiu iu kin.

V d: IF(AND(B1>10,C1>5), u, Trt)

Hm OR:

C php: OR(bt iu kin 1bt iu kin 2, )

Cng dng: Hm tr v gi tr True nu bt iu kin 1 hoc bt iu kin 2 mang

gi tr True.

Hm OR kt hp vi IF trong trng hp kim tra cng lc nhiu iu kin.

V d: IF(OR(B1>5,C1>5), u, Trt)

7. Cc hm d tm

Hm VLOOKUP:

C php: VLOOKUP(n,phm vi,m,k)

Cng dng: Tin hnh tm gi tr n trong ct u tin ca phm vi v ly gi tr

tng ng trn ct th m.

Nu k = 0 th tm chnh xc bng vi n. Nu khng tm thy th tr v

#NA

Nu k <> 0 th s tm gn ng.

V d hm VLOOKUP:

Hm HLOOKUP:

C php:HLOOKUP(n, phm vi,m,k)

Cng dng: Tin hnh tm gi tr n trong dng u tin ca phm vi v ly gi tr

tng ng trn dng th m.

Nu k = 0 th tm chnh xc bng vi n. Nu khng tm thy th tr v

#NA

Nu k <> 0 th s tm gn ng

V d hm HLOOKUP
o

Gi tun c xc nh da vo loi v bng ph

PBan c xc nh da vo k t bn tri ca MNV v bng ph 1

Hm MATCH:

C php: MATCH( m, phm vi, k)

Cng dng: tin hnh tm gi tr m trong phm vi, nu c s tr v v tr ca gi

tr m trong phm vi.

Nu k = 0: tm chnh xc

Nu k <> 0: tm gn ng

V d hm MATCH:

Xc nh v tr ca gi tr B trong bng ph 1

S dng kt hp hm HLOOKUP/ VLOOKUP vi hm MATCH

Mc ch ca vic s dng kt hp ny l gii quyt cho cc trng hp cn

tra cu theo c dng v ct

V d HLOOKUP/ VLOOKUP <-> MATCH