Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Aromaticity
Theoretical Organic Chemistry, 2013
Anastazija Ristovska
Total Charge
Spin Multiplicity
Total Energy (kcal/mol)
Electronic Energy (kcal/mol)
Heat of Formation (kcal/mol)
LUMO Energy (eV)
HOMO Energy (eV)
[LUMO]-[HOMO] Energy
(eV)
0
1
-24611
-103279
166.47
0.584
-8.340
+1
1
-21728
-73548
795.37
-10.147
-16.213
-1
1
-22043
-73864
479.52
-1.424
-4.182
0
2
-21977
-73797
545.65
-3.766
-7.345
8.924
6.066
5.606
3.579
The table of comparison shows that the neutral molecule is most stable: it has the lowest total
energy, significantly lowest electronic energy and heat of formation, as well as the greatest difference
between the energies of its LUMO and HOMO orbitals. The next in stability would be the 2ethenylpyrrole radical. Even though the difference between the energies of the LUMO and HOMO
orbitals of the cation is greater than that of the anion, the anion of 2-ethenylpyrrole has the lowest total
energy, lowest electronic energy, and lowest heat of formation among the excited states of this
compound, and therefore it is the next most stable form of the molecule after its neutral form.
All calculations were conducted using the HyperChem v.8.02 Software Package.
Appendix
HOMO/LUMO Charge 0
HOMO/LUMO Charge +1
HOMO/LUMO Charge -1
HOMO/LUMO Radical