Translated texts from English into Arabic

The United Nations

An international organization, based in New York, which aims to preserve peace around the world
and solve international problems. It was formed in 1945, and replaced the League of Nations. Most of
the worlds independent states are members, and each has one vote in the General Assembly. The
United Nations Security Council has the power to take military or economic action to settle
international disputes. Other branches of the United Nations include the World Bank, the International
Court of Justice in The Netherlands, and the United Nations Childrens Fund (UNICEF). The
Secretary General of the United Nations is Kofi Annan.

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9/11 attacks
September 11, 2001, the day on which a series of major terrorist attacks took place in New York and
other places in the US. The terrorists carried out the attacks using four passenger planes that they
hijacked on flights from the east coast of the US. At 8.46 a.m. the first plane crashed into the north tower
of the World Trade Center in New York. At 9.03 a.m. the second plane crashed into the south tower.
Less than 90 minutes later both towers fell down. The third plane crashed into the Pentagon and the
fourth into a field in Pennsylvania. Nearly 3 000 people died in the attacks, a greater number than were
killed in the attack on Pearl Harbor in the Second World War. The place where the World Trade Center
once stood is now known as Ground Zero.

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World War II
A war (193945) between the Axis powers (Germany, Italy and Japan) and the Allies (Britain and
the countries in the British Empire, France, and later the USSR and the US). Many other countries
were also involved both directly and indirectly.
The war started when Germany, under Adolf Hitler and the Nazis, invaded and took control of other
countries and the Allies wanted to prevent German power growing in this way. Britain declared war
on Germany in September 1939 when German troops entered Poland, and soon afterwards Winston
Churchill, who in Britain is closely associated with the Allies victory in the war, became the British
prime minister.
In 1940 Germany attacked Britain but was not successful, mainly because of the British victory in
the Battle of Britain. In 1941 Germany invaded Russia and Japan attacked Pearl Harbor, an action
which brought the US into the war. In 1942 Japan increased its control over several countries in Asia
but was checked by US forces in the Pacific. In the same year, at the Battle of El Alamein, Allied
forces began to defeat Germany and Italy in northern Africa. In 1943 the Allies took Italy and
Russian forces began to advance on Germany from the east. In 1944 the Allies invaded northern
Europe with the Normandy landings and began to defeat Germany in Europe. The war ended in 1945
when the Allies took control of Germany, Hitler killed himself, and Japan was defeated as a result of
the atom bombs being dropped on the cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki. Germany and Japan
surrendered separately in 1945.
Over 50 million people were killed in the war, more than 20 million of them Russians. World War II
is also remembered for the very large number of Jewish and other people killed in German
concentration camps and the harsh treatment of prisoners of war captured by the Japanese.

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The Cold War

The political conflict between the capitalist countries of the West (the US and western Europe) and
the Communist countries of the East (the Soviet Union and eastern Europe) that began after World
War II. Both sides had large military forces which were kept ready for war, and threatened each
other with nuclear weapons. They also tried to find out each others secrets using spies. There was
no actual fighting, except where the US and the Soviet Union supported different sides in conflicts
such as the Korean War. The Cold War ended in the early 1990s after the Soviet Union had begun to
break up.

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The Library of Congress

The national library of the US. It was established by the US Congress in 1800 and is on Independence
Avenue in Washington, DC. It now has more than 115 million books. it is the second largest library in
the world by shelf space and number of books, the largest being The British Library. The library receives
two copies of every US work published with a copyright.

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Dozens Suffer from Gas Inhalation at Nialin

Weekly Wall Protest
Bethlehem - PNN Dozens were injured in the weekly march against the wall in the central West Bank
village of Nilin.
After Friday prayers, Nilin villagers listened to a speech from Sheikh Murad Amira, who commended
them for campaigning for freedom and spreading their message to the world. Then they went directly and
peacefully to the wall, shouting slogans against the wall and the occupation and demanding the release of
prisoners.
As soon as the protestors reached the wall, soldiers began firing sound bombs and tear gas canisters to
disperse the crowd. When the demonstrators began to flee, the soldiers pursued them back to the village,
firing rubber and rubber-tipped bullets and causing a number of minor injuries.

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New England
Hampshire, Vermont, area of the north-eastern US which includes the states of Maine, New An
known for its beautiful small towns which are popular Massachusetts, Rhode Island and Connecticut. It is
Irish ancestors, are especially in the autumn. New Englanders, a large number of whom have ,with visitors
consider them to be very independent, clever, practical and often called the real Yankees. Other Americans
named the area in 1614, of people they do not know. The English explorer Captain John Smith suspicious
.and the American Revolution began there

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