Anten-Truyn sng

Cc thng s c bn ca anten
(phn 2)

Ni dung
th bc x.
Mt cng sut bc x.
Cng bc x.
H s nh hng.
li.
Hiu sut anten.

Mt cng sut bc x (Radiation

Power Density)
Vec-t Poynting tc thi c xc nh nh sau:
Th nguyn l mt
cng sut

Cng sut i qua ton b mt b mt kn S:

Tng cng sut tc
thi
Vec-t n v trn
b mt S
Din tch vi phn

Mt cng sut bc x (2)

Biu din trong min thi gian:

Mt cong sut trung bnh:

Cng sut bc x ca anten c th c tnh nh sau:

Wrad Wav vng xa v

c gi l mt bc x
(radiation density)

Nhn xt: Cng sut bc x ca anten c th c tnh t mt bc x (ngha

l t E v H).

Ni dung
th bc x.
Mt cng sut bc x.
Cng bc x.
H s nh hng.
Cc k thut s hc.
li.
Hiu sut anten.

Cng bc x (radiation intensity)

nh ngha: cng bc x mt hng cho trc c xc nh l cng
sut c bc x t anten trn mt n v gc khi

vng xa:

Cng bc x (2)
Cng sut bc x ca anten c th c tnh nh sau:

Nhn xt:
- Cng sut bc x ca anten c th c tnh t cng bc x (ngha l t
E v H).
- Cng bc x ph thuc hng kho st (,).
- Cng bc x ko ph thuc c ly r t im kho st ti anten.

Ni dung
th bc x.
Mt cng sut bc x.
Cng bc x.
H s nh hng.
li.
Hiu sut anten.

H s nh hng (Directivity): nh ngha

nh ngha: H s nh hng ca anten c nh ngha nh l t s ca ca
cng bc x mt hng cho trc trn cng bc x trung bnh
mi hng.
Cng bc x
mt hng cho trc

Cng bc x trung
bnh mi hng

Cng bc ca
anten v hng cng
cong sut

H s nh hng (2): h s nh hng

cc i
Nu hng ko c xc nh, h s nh hng m ch hng cc i:

Dimensionless = khng th nguyn

H s nh hng (3): h s nh hng

tng phn
Vi anten c cc thnh phn phn cc trc giao, h s nh hng tng
phn (partial directivity) ca anten c xc nh nh sau:

H s nh hng (4): H s nh hng

ca anten dipole /2 v anten v hng

th 2 chiu

th 3 chiu

H s nh hng (5): th nh hng

(Directional patterns), gc khi bc x (1)
nh ngha:

Xp x Kraus:

Gc khi bc x vi
th ko i xng

Gc khi bc x vi
th i xng

Gi s cc bp ph rt b so vi bp chnh.
Gc khi bc x (beam solid angle), k hiu: A

Hoc xp x Tai & Pereira:

H s nh hng (5): th nh hng

(Directional patterns), gc khi bc x (2)

H s nh hng (6): th ng hng

(1)
th c xp x theo biu thc

Tnh theo McDonald:

th ng hng c bp ph
Tnh theo Pozar:

th ng hng khng c bp ph

H s nh hng (6): th ng hng

(2)

H s nh hng (7): Tnh bng phng

php s
Dng cho nhng anten c th bc x
phc tp
Bi tp ln, lp trnh trn my tnh!!!

Ni dung
th bc x.
Mt cng sut bc x.
Cng bc x.
H s nh hng.
li.
Hiu sut anten.

 li (Gain) (1): nh ngha

li tuyt i ca anten ( mt hng cho trc) c nh ngha nh l t
s ca ca cng bc x trn cng bc x o c nu cng sut
nhn bi anten c bc x v hng.

li tng i ca anten ( mt hng cho trc) c nh ngha l t s

li cng sut ca hng cho trc trn li cng sut ca anten tham
kho hng .
Trong hu ht trng hp anten tham kho l anten v hng ko tn hao:

 li (2): li vs. h s nh hng

Hiu sut bc
x ca anten

 li (3): li tng phn

Tng t h s nh hng tng phn cho cc thnh phn trc giao, li
tng phn:

Tnh theo dB:

Ni dung
th bc x.
Mt cng sut bc x.
Cng bc x.
H s nh hng.
li.
Hiu sut anten.

Hiu sut anten (antenna efficiency)

Hiu sut tng th: