Professional Documents
Culture Documents
105
I
HA )l,PMHM liYllPMJA - TYPCKA "CJIATKA TMillMHA"
M PAl.(MOHAJIHOCT HOBOr BPEMEHA
Ca 3aBHnHOM KaH)I(eBHOM npetuunomhy Aunpnh y CBOM pOM3Hy 06rmxyje CBa anasen,a xyrrrypnor HneHTHTeTa CTaHOBHHKa xacafie H3 .llPHHH. Y
6HJlO KaKBOM 'IHTal-bY onor povana, OnMax ce aanaaca H3UHOHaJlHa H sepcxa
H3MellIaHOCT JIHKOBa lJeTHpH sexa )l(HBOTa ca nnurerpancxoa hynpnjon nOBe.T1a
cy 1I ormerra MHOIiiTBO rrpnnaanaxa esponcsnx rrapona, TaKO na yMeTHH'IKI1 TeKCT
HBe Annpnha nnje Morao na MHMoH1')e rnrran.a cycperan.a H npennnrau,a
pa3JlH'IHTHX xyrrrypa,
Kalla ce 3aTBopHnocnemsa crpamuta posrana Ha)l,pHHH hynpnja, -nrrarrau
ca nar-nauremnr KyJITypOJIOIIIKHM lIHTepeCOBaaHMa Mopa ce yrnrraru 0
aTpH6yTHMa xyrrrypnor HneHTHTeTa xacafie, rpyrnroxi HneHTHTeTy Cp6a H
MyCJlHMaHa, 0 nojemrmnr KyJlTypHHM uprasra KaH)I(eBHHX jynaxa. K3KBOM
HHTeprrpeTaTHBHoM crparerujon MO)l(eMO na nocpencraoxr yMeTHH'IKOr TeKCTa
pexoncrpymucxro ocofienocr xyrrrype Bnurerpana y Aanpnheaost posrany? KOjH
ce HneHTHcPHKaTopH xynrypaor HlleHTHTeTa Mory H3nBojHTH xao caauajno
yrrorpefin.uaa?
KYJITypHH HpeHTHTeT Cp6a H MYCJIHM3H3 CJIHfJHOCTH H p33JIHKe
na KOjOj rana nnje 611JIO hyupnje" (CT. 14). 3a rypcxy neuy TO je 6HO 'Bepacrrea
AJIl1ja, jynax KOjl1 je na "CBOjOj KpHJIaToj 6elleBHjl1, KOjH je KaO llITO je rr03HaTO
npeanpao CKeJIe 11 CKeJIeUHjeH npecxaxao peke xao nOTOtIHne" (CT. 14).
107
108
na nna
Ha'IHHa
orrrepehyjyhu
csoja ocehan.a
nOIllTO je
ne-rar. Huje
6Hno
109
aaxnnnrsao.
110
111
1. He nocroja "tfI1CTI1 KyJITypHI1 l1.ll:eHTI1TeT. Hcrnrrnaan.e (MyJITI1)KyJIrypaor l1.ll:eHTI1TeTa Bmnerpana noxaayje na je remxo rrosyhn npeunany JII1Hl1jy
113Me1']y xyrrrypa napona 11 nepa Annpnheae Boone, a zra npn TOM CBI1 uneaTI1<pI1KaTOpl1 fiyzty I1CupneHI1 ynyrap jenne xyrrrype. Bl1.ll:eJII1 CMO na ce OHI1
MelIIajy 06H"tfajHI1M Ha"tfHHOM I1JII1 MaHl1nYJIaTI1BHI1M rrorpefiaxra,
2. Je311K nuje ysex OCHOBHI1 l1.ll:eHTI1<pI1KaTOp xysrrypncr l1ueHTI1TeTa.
Hallie TyMa"tfeae xyJITypHI1X aaaseu,a Annpnhesor posraaa noxaayje na OCHOBHI1
CI1M60JII1"tfKI1 l1.ll:eHTI1<pI1KaTOp y poxraay Ha ,L(PI1HI1 hyrrpuja nnje jeanx. CBI1
JII1KOBI1 JIaKO KOMyHI1Ul1pajy. OCHOBHI1 CI1M60JII1"tfKI1 CI1CTeM KOjl1 paansaja KyJIType y BOCHI1611JIa je BEPA, 11 TOHe TOJIHKO y cnorsaunsan 06eJIe)Kjl1Ma KOJII1KO
y ynyrpannsms ceMaHTeMaMa 11 UYllIl1 nepyjyhax.
jenne aaienaaue,
4. Crpanau ce y oOCHW nojaarsyje xao lj,laKTop nposreue rpamuraonanaor
xy rrrypnor If)l,eHTlfTeT3. To He 3HaqH na noncrnnaja npojaenaaa He )l,OJIa3e H:3
jenne xyrrrype. Y AHLIplfheBOM pOMaHY je ca perpepeuuajanne raxxe rJIeLIHIIITa
OCBeTJbeH npouec rrposrene KOMe je 1f3330B jenna npyra xyrrrypa, npyraxnja no
CBOjOj TP:IIJ:lfUlfjH: H: no CBOMe JJYxy. 4HH nposreae Hac cyoxaaa ca rmrarsesc UITa je nojsroeno jearpo nneararera? OHO IIITO je HanyUITeHO If MOLIW<plfKOBaHO
y KYJIrypHOM If)l,eHTHTeTy HJIH OHO IIITO je CTeqeHO nOLI yTHII3jeM HOBor H
crpanor? Hasecao je casto jenno: (MYJITIf)KYJITYPHI1I1LIeHTI1TeT je nposrenrsuaa
Ilpebyrenn,
J eaas je OCHOBHIf xareropajarrna If)l,eHTI1lj,lI1KaTOp xyrrrypnor arteaTHTeTa. Ilopen KOMYHI1KaTI1BHe <pyHKIUfje, je3I1K If rosop cy cpencrsa TyMaqefba
H paayaesarsa CBeTa U )KHBOTa, H ynpaao y TOM acnexry jeanxa Annpahean jynaua
rpane CBOj KyJITypHU If)l,eHTHTeT. Mel)yruM, rropen Bep6aJIHOr nonauraa.a
n.eronax jynaxa, HaHJI33HMO H na jenau THn CKpHBeHor I1JIH npehyranor
xyrrrypaor H,lJ.eHTUTeT3. Tlonexan ce yqmrn: na je Bocna MeTalj,lopa sa hyran,e, aa
MHcao soja ce He CaOIIIIITaBa, sa If)l,eHTHTeT KOjH ce npl1KpI1B3. Y postaay Ha
J(PlfHlf hyttpuj uojaan.yje ce jenna ocofiena BpCTa CKpHBeHor If)l,eHTI1TeTa
KfbH)KeBHHX JIHKOB3. l1.rIeHTulj,lHKaUHja "yHyrpaililher MI1IIIJbefba" nOCTmKe ce
Kfbll)KeBHOM TeXHUKOM a HHTyHUHja HaM IIOMa)Ke y CBaKOnHeBHOM )KHBOTy na na
OCHOBy reCTOBa, MUMHKa, nospera 3aKlbyql1MO aenrro on ana-ren,a yqeCHI1Ka
KOMyHI1KaTHBHe cnryanaje.
Y posraay HaJI33HMO MeCTa na KojRMa rrpnnoaenas nouohy CnOJb3IlIlhI1X
3HaKOBa nonamana Cp6a U BHIlIerp:IIJ:CKHX Typaxa cynn 0 lhl1XOBOM crasy npeva
nacrajyhesr MOCTy. CIIOpOCT U nOBpeMeHHnpexann y parry na MOCTy rrpahenn cy
cnerarseu pasrena H 0nMaXHBalheM PYKY BHII1erpa.nCKHX Typaxa san rosope 0
MOCTy, nOKcy xpHIIIhaHH hyrxe nOCMaTpaJIH rparnsy "ca 3JIypa.nI1M H nOTajHHM
MHCJII1Ma y cefia If )KeJIeJIH joj neycnex xao CBaKOM rypCKOM npenysehy". (61)
Tlpunoaena-r HaM OTKpHBa yuyrpaunsy MHcao rrse eTHHqKe aajennaue.
.ll:pyrH npnesep npehyranor, CKpHBeHor IfneHTHTeTa HaJIa3lfMO na
crpaannaaa posraaa na KojRMa ce 06JIHKYje HaqlfH na xoju MyCJIlfMaHH H Cp61f
Y Bnurerpany pearyjy na jenan npOCTopHO ynarsen norahaj - Kapahophes
yCTaHaK y Cpfiaja. Hsaxoaa ocehaa,a If MlfCJIH cy ynarseaa H HeCaOnllITJbHBH.
"Cp61f cy MOJIlfJIIf 60ra na raj cnaCOHOCHIf nJIaMeH, KOjlf je I1CTOBeTaH ca OHlfMa
xojn OHUonynes noce If 6pH)l(JbHBO cxpaaajy y JlYIIIlf, npOIlIHpH H OBaMO na nama
6pna, a TYPUH cy MOJIlfJIH 60ra na ra 3aYCTaBH, cysfiaje, noracn, KaKO 6u ce
ocyjernne npenparmerxe HaMepe HeBepHHKaIf 3aBJI:IIJ:aO oner crapn pen If n06plf
MHp npane nepe." (84) A K:IIJ:a je npesre 6yHe MHHyJIO, oceharsa cy If narse OCTaJIa
113
cxpnnetra. IIITaBHlIIe OHa ce He Mory ca3HaTH. "A reunco 6H 6HJIO H Ka3aTH KaKBa
cy 611na rtpasa ocehan,a KOU jemrnx H npyrnx." (85).
YMeTHWIKH H ceMaHTlflIKH H3Y3eTHo ycneo npnxrep cxpnaenor HHnnannyanuor xyrrrypnor HueHTHTeTa Hana3HMO y nnjauory TOMe Farryca H
cDeXHMa Baxrnjapeenha 0 nHTaal1Ma counjanne nonHTWIKe cPHn030qmje H
HaUHOHanHHX nneana MnaUI1 I'anyc 3aHOCHO npanoaena 0 aaunonannoj up)l{aBl1
jyacnnx Cnoseua na Banxaay, yaepen na je ocrnapen,e raxsor nrrana na npary.
Hserony npnxy 0 xapxromrsrroj fiyrtyhoj npacann ca oCTBapeHHM nneanmra
naunje, cnofione, nepe, pana, xyrrrype, npnnosena-r npexnna HeKonHKO nyra
HarrOMeHOM na je cDexHM Eaxrujapcsnh hyrao, AnH TO hyran,e, nernr npanonenan
"caMOM Te)J(lfHOM 360r nocrojan.a nopnnano je OUnyqHO CBe IllTO je onaj npyrn
rOBOpI10". (268) Baxrujapeauh naje ronopao 0 CBOM paayxreaan.y qOBeKOBe
ucropnje. OH je y ce611 MHcnHO cPHn030cPHjy ucropnje. Hacynpo r jennoj BH3HjH
BonyHTapHCTHqKOr CHay KOjOj ce rroseayje )J(eJba H axunja, cDeXHM Eaxrnjapeauh
BHUH CBeT xao jenny rryrosexay crpyxrypy onnoca H ycranosa xoja ce crropo 11
rtaraao Meaa "TeMeJbH CBeTa H OCHOBH )l{HBOTa H JbYUCKHX onncca y aeMy
yrsphenn cy sa nexoae." (269) CTBapHOCT je rspha OU CBaKe cen,e aa HarnHM
nposreuasta H rrpyzca ornop HaCHnHHM cpencrauva. Hoaexona )l{eJba, MHcnH y
ceria onaj Annpnhen jynax, xao nerap npeveurra npauurny C jennor MeCTa na
rtpyro. Cnaf je -roaex, cna6a je n.eroaa )l{eJba. Tpajna nerra ce ocrsapyjy caxro
BOJbOM caenoryher fiora, "A 3aHCTa BenHKH JbYUH, xao 11 aennxe rpahesune, Hl1qy
H nnnahe TaMO rue HM je 60)l{Hjl1M rrpOMHCJlOM onpeheno MeCTo, He3aBl1CHO OLI
npa3HHX, npo.naamrx )l{eJba 11 rsyrrcxe cyjere." (269)
TOMa I'anyc rJlaCHO ronopn 0 ~oBeKY H aerOBOM rtnany xao rroxpera-ry
ncropaje, a cDexHM Baxrnjapeanh rosopn y cetia na je TO nposnheu,e xoje
yrrpaarsa HCTOpHjCKHM xperan.exr H JbyucKHM cyu6HHaMa. Pa3J1l1Ka unje cavo y
cyxofiy nne qH1n030cPHje ncropnje. Pa3JlHKaje H y jerraosr LIeJlY HHnl1BHLIyaJIHHX
xyrrryp n nx HueHTI1TeTa UBa JlI1Ka 113 Aunp ahenor po vana. )],OK jerran
excnrnmnpa CBOjy MHcao 0 csery H HCTOpHjH, npyrn je QyB3 y ce611 11 He
caonurrana je.
Pa3JlHQHT OnHOC npesra jeanxy H hyran.y OTKpHB3MO H Y Ilpototeroj
8BJIUjU. JIHK ncropnxapa naMHn-ecPeHUHje MOTHBHcaH je hyran.esr y sarnopcxoj
aannju, a xan 6H nporoaopuo, y~HHHO 6H TO pa3nH~HTHMje3HUHMa. "Cny)J(I10 ce
-rac TypCKHM, xac HTanHjaHcKHM je3HKoM, aafopaan.ajyhu y 6P3HHH na npesene
c:PpaHuycKe H lIInaHCKe UlITaTe xoje je rOBopHO nanaaer." (105)
3aTBopeHHK XaHM H3 CMHpHe )J(yCTpO H MHoro rrprrsa, UOK cPpa Tlerap
MHCJlH y cetin KaKO je n.eroaor caronopnnxa y aarnop nonerta nperepana
rOBOpJbHBOCT. 11 y Ilpototetoj 8BJIUjU xao H y npyrHM np03HHM c:PopMaMa
HaJla3HMO pa3nH~HT OUHOC JlHKOBa npeMaroBopyH JlHKOBe KOjl1neo cacr roaopa
aanpxcanajy y ceria, OBy KaH)J(eBHY QHaeHHUY MH CMO HHTeprrpeTHpanH y
KynTypOJIOlliKOM KJbYQY. Je3HK (rosop) H rtan.e ocraje OCHOBHH lIlleHTHqlHKaTop
114
II.
CBAKOMEBHM M MCfOPMJCKM KYJITYPHM M)),EHTMTET
Y "npOKJIETOJ ABJII1JM"
115
xohe na caonurru
na je
OH UeM cyrrrau,
ana-reu.ev
npeuouihaaau,a re nonene. OBaKBO suaxen,e
naMHJlOBe npase pexoucrpymue onaj KOjH crryura npasy, a TO je cPpa Ilerap. ,,11
CBe ce CBO,Il,HJlO na jeJJ:HO: nocroje JJ:Ba CBeTa, H3Mel)y KOjHX HeMa H He MO)Ke 6HTH
HI1 npaaor ,Il,O,Il,I1pa HH MorynHocTH cnopaaysra, JJ:Ba crpauma CBeTa ocyheua na
BeqHTH par y XHJbaJJ:Y 06mIKa." (103)
OH
norspny.
nocrojau.a
HJJ:eHTHcPHKaTop raxaor
OilHOCHO
na
KOMe
3AKJbYQAK
nparronena-r H
cY,Il,OBe 0 KyJlTypHI1M
2. L!.pyrH
116
npunaxaaa y
I-herOBHM
JlI1KOBI1
117
JUITEPATYPA
1. Peter Caws: Identity, Cultural, Transcultural and Multicultural, y KfbIf311 Multiculturalism, Edited by David Theo Goldberg, Blackwell, Oxford UK, Cambridge
USA, 1994.
2. A. Epstain, Etlmos and Identity, Three studies in Ethnicity, Chicago, 1978.
3. K. JII16KIfHn, Pa3Bl1TaK npynrrsenor l1.n:eHTI1TeTa TOKOM axynrypanaaaunje,
Kyrrrypa 35. Beorpan, 1976.
4. Mellvile Herskovic, Cultural Antrophology, New York, 1958.
10.
MBO
11.
MBO
MBO
CSIOBO
rsyfise,
MBO
118
Zoran A vramovic
The paper deals with the problem of meanings and forms of cultural identity in
the Andric's two novels.
The authors concept of cultural identity is based on the Herskovics and Spenglers
theory of culture. National communitys way of life is representing its knoweledge,
thinking, faith, as well as, mind, soul and its attitude towards praxis.
By literaring means Andric suggests to a reader a vision of Serbian, Croatian and
muslim cultural identity in Bosnia. Also, he underlines elements of their similarities and
differences.
Andric uses his charachers to create an idea of the cultural identity changes and
its important role individual life as well.
The interpretation of cultural identity in Andric s novels proves that writer
understands this phenomenon as permament tension between I and HE, OURS and
THEIRS, WE and THEY.
Key words: cultural identitity, literary text, theory of culture, meaning, multiculturalism, Bosnia.
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