You are on page 1of 12

&ckid t

f rsK;d om;owif;pm Zefe0g&v


D 2010 ckEpS f twGJ (4) trSwf (1) pmrsufESm 1

Zefe0g&v
D 2010 ckEpS f twGJ (4) trSwf ( 1 )
a[wDivSsifwGif odef;csDaoqHk;+yD; jrefrmtygt0if rav;&Sm;&Sd w&m;r0if
tvkyform;rsm;udk rav;tpdk;&u jyif;xefpGm
oef;ESifhcsDI tdk;rJhtdrfrJhjzpf=u& ESdrfeif;awmhrnf
bapmwif 15 Zefe0g&D tqdkyg ivSsifa=umifh 'kuQ qif a jc ay;wmrsKd ; uk d onf ; cH r S m bapmwif 15 Zefe0g&D
,ck v (12)&uf a e@u a&mufae=uaom a[wD vlxkudk r[kwfygbl;” [k atyD owif;Xme rav;&Sm; owif;pm}uD; ul n D = urnf j zpf o nf ? ,ck t cg
a[wD E d k i f i H yd k @ atmf y &if h p f wG i f ul n D = u&ef tar&d u ef orw wGif azmfjyonf? a[wD 0ef}uD;csKyf wapmifjzpfaom The Star u rav;&Sm; wGif EdkifiHjcm; tvkyform;
v_yfcwfcJhaom tvGef jyif;xefaom tdkbm;rm;u ,ckuJhodk hajym=um; *sif;wfpf bDvm&pfu “ivSsifa=umifh rav;&S m ;&S d w&m;r0if Ed k i f i H j cm; 1oef; 8odef;cef h&Sdonf” [kazmfjy
ivS s if a =umif h vl O D ; a& od e f ; eS i f h c sD onf[k “tultnD vdkaewJh tcsdef vlwodef;cef haoqHk;cJha=umif;/ &kyf tvk y f o rm;rsm;ud k jyif ; xef p G m xm;onfukd awG &h onf?
aoqHk; oGm;+yD; oHk;oef;cef@ 'kuQ rS m usaemf w d k @ ta&muf oG m ;zk d @ tavmif; 70000 udk jr_yfESHo+*d FK[f ta&;,l awmh r nf [ k xk w f j yef rav;&Sm; vl0ifr_ }uD;=uyf
a&muf a e=ua=umif ; owif ; &&S d vdkygw,f/ 'Dvdk a=uuGJp&m jzpfae +yD;jzpfa=umif;/ 'ghtjyif vlESpfodef;cef@ a=unmaoma=umif h rav;&S m ;&S d a&;XerS OD;aqmifnGef=um;a&;rSL;l
onf? csd e f r S m tm;wuf o a&m rvk y f b J aysmufq;kH aeum vlo;kH oef;cef h td;k rJh w&m;r0if jrefrmtvkyform;rsm; Datuk Abdul Rahman
tdrfrJh jzpfcJh=u@&onf”[k pDtJeftJef =um;wG i f pd k ; &d r f x d w f v ef @ r_ r sm; Othman u ” Zef e 0g&D v 5
owif;Xmodk hajymcJhonf? a[wD ay:ayguf aea=umif; rav;&Sm;a&muf &ufae hrS pwif+yD; rav;&Sm; tvkyf
orRwuvnf;”ygvDref taqmuf jrefrmrsm;xHrS od&Sd&onf? orrm;rsm; or*~EiS hf rav;&Sm; puf&kH
tOD; +ydKusoGm;+yD/ aq;&Hk ausmif;awG ,refae hu xkwfa0aom tvkyf&Hkrsm; or*~wdk hESifh aqG;aEG;+yD;
vnf; ysufpD;ukefyg+yD? ausmif;0if; tqdkyg owif;pm}uD;wGif “rav; jzpfa=umif;/ ,if;odk@ aqG;aEG;&mwGif
xJrSmvnf; aoqHk;oGm;wJhol trsm; &S m ; vl 0 if r _ } uD ; =uyf a &;u vmrJ h tvkyform; iSg;&rf;onfh ay:vpDESifh
tjym; &S d a eygw,f ? aq;&H k a wG azz0g&v D 15 &ufrS pwifum w&m; vl 0 if r _ }uD ; =uyf a &; Oya'rsm;
rS m vnf ; '%f & m&wJ h vl a wG e J @ r0if tvkyfvkyfaeaom axmifaygif; ta=umif;udk tvkyf&Sifrs;udk ac:,l
jynfhae ygw,f” [kqdkonf? rsm;pGmaom EdkifiHjcm; tvkyform; aqG ; aEG ; tod a y; &S i f ; jyxm;+yD ;
vuf&Sd}uHKawG hae&aom rsm;udk Edik if t
H 0Sr;f wGif t}uD;tus,f jzpfa=umif;” ajym=um;cJhonf? olu
jy\emrSm aomufa&oef h&&Sda&; zrf;qD;ESdrfeif; awmhrnf/ ,if;odk@ qufvuf ajymqd&k mwGif “tvky&f iS f
jzpf+yD; aq;&Hkodk hemzsm;I a&muf zrf;qD;&mwGif v0u rsm;ESifhtwl awG taeeJ ADZmoufwrf; ukefqHk;
tvG e f jyif ; xef a om a[wD i vS s if a =umif h a oqk H ; aeol r sm; vmaom vltrsm;pkrSm roef h&Sif; &Jrsm;? &vm (Rala) rsm;u yl;aygi;f pmrsuf E S m 6 od k @
pmrsuf E S m 9 od k h
tvkyform;rsm;. vufrSwf &cdkifbk&ifhEdkifiHawmf usqHk;onfh
oufwrf; (2) ESpfxyfwkd;
bapmwif 20 Zefe0g&D
tcrf;tem;rsm; EdkifiHwumwGif usif;y=u
a&$@ajymif; tvkyform;
rsm;. aexdkifcGifh tvkyfvkyfcGifh ouf
wrf;udk aemufxyf (2) ESpf wkd;jrSifh
ay;vdkufa=umif; xdkif;tpdk;&tzGJ@u
,refae hu xkwfjyef a=unmonf?
xd k i f ; -jref r m ES p f E d k i f i H
oabmwl n D c suf t & a&$ @ ajymif ;
tvkyform;rsm;udk ,m,DEdkifiHul;
vuf r S w f jyKvk y f & ef 2010 ck E S p f
azazmf0g&Dv (28) &ufae@udk aemuf
qHk;xm; owfrSwfcJhonf? tpdk;& tzGJ hrS tvkyform; a&;&m
xdktcsdefrSpI jrefrma&$@ wm0efcH OD;oufcikd u f “rae u
h xdik ;f
ajymif; tvkyform;rsm; =um;wGif tpdk;&u xkwfjyefwm uawmAsm?
pdk;&drf xdwfvef@r_rsm;rsm;pGm jzpfyGg; vuf&Sd tvkyform; vufrSwf vkyf
cJo
h nf? tzrf;qD;cH&rnfukd pd;k &drjf cif;/ xm;wJh olawGtm;vHk;udk ywfpfyd@k
rdbrsm;xHwGif aiGa=u;nSpfrnfudk hvkyfzdk h oufwrf; 2 ESpfwdk;ay; vdkuf
pdk;&drfjcif;ESifh ywfpfydk@vkyf&ef vwfw w,f/ jrefrm&,f vmtdk&,f uarBm
avm aiG a =u; rwwf E d k i f j cif ; rsm; 'D;,m;&,f tm;vHk;aygif; woef;
&SdcJh=uonf? xdk ha=umifh 2009 ckESpf oHk;odef; ausmf&Sdw,f? jrefrm ouf &cd k i f b k & if h E d k i f i H a wmf usqH k ; onf h tcrf ; tem;bef a umuf w G i f u sif ; yaeyk H
ZlvdkifvrS pwifum xdkif;jrefrm- ouf woef ; ausmf & S d w ,f / tJ ' D
bom (*syef) 4 Zefe0g&D (31)ae haemufydkif;wGif Armbk&if nrsm;” [l a omacgif ; pOf j zif h
e,fpyf +rdK h3 +rdK hwGif ,m,DEdkifiHul; tvkyform; tm;vHk;[m vufrSwf
&cdik b
f &k ifh Edik if aH wmf tcsKyf bd;k awmfO;D 0dik ;f u odr;f ydu k cf +hJ yD;aemuf a[majymoG m ;cJ h o nf / “ 'D a e h
vufrSwf&Hk;rsm; zGifhvSpfum jyKvkyf awGudk oufwrf;wdk;&r,f/ ywfpfydk h
tcsm tm%musqH k ; onf h 225 &cdik w f @kd . tcsKyftjcm tm%musq;kH 'D t csd e f [ mqd k & if wurB m vH k ; u
chJaomfvnf; ,ckxufwdkif vlOD;a& vk y f + yD ; ol a wG u awmh ouf w rf ;
ESpfajrmuf tcrf;tem;rsm;udk jynfy cJ&h avonf? xdk ah emuf rdrw H kd vlawG [yfyD;e,l;,D;,m;vdk hatmf
d kd Eh ikd if u
10000 ausmfom jyKvkyf+yD;pD;ao; wdk;p&m rvdkawmhbl;/ ouf wrf;wdk;
EdkifiHtoD;oD;wGif a&mufae=uaom jyefvnf rxlaxmif EdkifcJhawmhbJ aecsdefrSm OD;Zif;wkd h&cdkifawGrSmawmh
onf [k od&onf? rJhvlawGu ywfpydk@vkyfzdk h&nf&G,f
&cd k i f r sm;u usif ; ycJ h = ua=umif ; ,ae@xufwdkif ESpfaygif; 200 ausmf 'D 0 rf ; enf ; zG , f & m tcrf ; tem;ud k
xd k i f ; tpd k ; &tzG J @ u a&$ @ csuf&Sd&r,f/ qdkvdkwmu ywfpdydk hvkyf
owif; &&Sdonf? twGif; rsufESmi,fi,fjzifh aecJh& usi;f yae=u&w,f/ vGecf w hJ hJ ESpaf ygi;f
ajymif; tvkyo f rm;rsm;ESihf ywfouf zd k @ azmif w if x m;&r,f a yh g Asm?
&cdkif vlrsdK;rsm;onf ,cif a=umif;udk befaumuf+rdK w h iG f jyKvkyf ESpf&mausmfu OD;Zif;wdk h bdk;ab;
I xk w f j yef c suf r sm;rS ta&;}uD ; +yD ; awmh azmif r wif & if jy\em
u ud k , f h x D ; ud k , f h e ef ; jzif h aexd k i f cJ h a om tcrf ; tem;wG i f t&S i f bDbifawG[m aoG;oH&J&JeJ@ &uf&uf
aom tcsufrsm;udk jynfaxmifpk &Sw
d ,f/ bmvJqakd wmh azmifrwifw@J
cJhaomfvnf; 1784 ckESpf 'DZifbmv 0&omrdu “tqdyfoifh 'DZifbm
jref r mEd k i f i H trsd K ;om;nG e f @ aygif ; pmrsufESm 4 okd @ pmrsuf E S m 6 od k @
&ckdiftrsKd;om;owif;pmukdvpOfxkwfa0onf?
&ckid t
f rsK;d om;owif;pm Zefe0g&v D 2010 ckEpS f twGJ (4) trSwf (1) pmrsufESm 2
qkawmif;av;rsm; jynfhr,fqdk&if jrefrmhtrsKd;orD; av,OfrSL;rsm;
aevif ; atmif (r[mcsd K if )
av,Ofarmif;awmhrnf
}udKifoef; 15 Zefe0g&D jzpfum aemufq;kH tqiho f ifwef;rsm;
acwftm;jzifh 21 &mpkokd 0h ifcahJ y+yD/ ,ck&mpkokd ah &mufcsed w f iG f tpGr;f ukew f ;kd wufaom Edik if rH sm; &So d uJo h @kd jrefrm ava=umif; ordkif; +yD;qH;k vSsif yso
H ef;a&; vdik pf ifukd 2010
tcsKd ah omEdik if rH sm;um; &mpkEpS w f ckavmuf aemufjyefvn S u hf m use&f pfaecJah om Edik if rH sm;vnf; &Sad yonf/ ,if;od@k wGif yxrqHk; trsKd;orD; av,mOf ckESpfrwfvwGif &&Sdvdrfhrnf[k od&
aemufjyefvSnfhaeaom EdkifiHxJwGif jrefrmEdkifiHyg0ifaeonfudk jrefrmEdkifiHom;rsm;eSifhwuG wurBmvHk;u odxm; rSL;rsm; tjzpf rESif;OD;a0ESihf rar onf? tJy*k H ava=umif;vdik ;f rS t&m
=uayonf? csKd0if; wdk@onf tJyk*H ava=umif; &SdwOD;u tqkdyg avol&J 2 OD;onf
xdu
k o hJ kd ah emufjyefqw k af e&jcif;. t"du w&m;cHonf tm%m&Sipf epfyif jzpfygonf? tm%m&Sirf sm;onf vdkif;wGif wGJbuf av,mOfrª;rsm; olwdk@ava=umif;vdkif;wGif wGJbuf
wdkif;oljynfom;rsm;udk tqHk;pGef &ufpufr_rsdK;jzifh tkyfcsKyfonf? wdkif;jynf o,HZmwrsm;udk udk,fusdK;twGuf tjzpf pwifum wm0ef xrf;aqmif av,mOf r ª ; rsm; tjzpf wm0ef
toHk;cs=uonf? wdkif;oljynfom;rsm;udk w&m;rSswr_ vHk;0uif;rJhpGm jyKusifhavh&Saoma=umifh jynfolvlxkonf ae=u+yD[k owif;&&Sdonf? xrf ; aqmif ae+yD j zpf + yD ; wG J z uf
tqdyk gpepfukd jyif;xefpmG uef u h u G f qef u h siaf vh &S=d uonf? tqd k y g av,Of r S L ; 2 av,mOfrª;tjzpf yHsoef;csdef em&D
usaemfwkd t h a&S ah wmiftm&S Edik if rH sm;twGi;f wGif tm%m&Sif pepfukd usio hf ;kH cHc&hJ zl;aom Edik if H tcsKd &h ydS gonf? OD;onf rav;&Sm;EdkifiH av,mOf jynh f y gu av,mOf r ª ; =uD ; tjzpf
Oyrm? zdvpfyikd ?f tif'ekd ;D &Sm;ESihf jrefrmEdik if w H @kd jzpfygonf? ,if;wdk x h rJ S jrefrmEdik if oH nf tm%m&Sipf epf oufwrf;t&Snq f ;kH armif; oifwef;ausmif; Integrated &mxl;wdk;jrêihf wm0efay;tyfoGm;rnf
Edik if jH zpfaeayonf? vuf&dS taetxm;t& tm%m&Sipf epfu &yfwef@roGm;bJ oufq;kd &SnOf ;D rnfh t&dyt f a&mifuykd if Aviation Academy (IAA) wGif 2 [kajymonf? “olwkd@[m jrefrmEdkifiH
jrifae&onfrmS Edik if o H m;wa,muftaejzifh rsm;pGm pdwq f if;&J&ayonf? ESpf=um oifwef; wufa&mufum &JΠyxrqHk; trsKd;orD; avol&JawG
usaemf Oyrmay;aom Edik if H 3 ckrS tif'ekd ;D &Sm;ESihf zdvpfyifkd Ef ikd if rH sm;rSm ,cktcg tm%m&Sif ppfzed yf atmufu c&D;onfwif av,mOfarmif; vdkifpif jzpfygw,f” [k tqkdyg av,mOfrª;
&kef;xGufEdkifcJh+yD; 'Drdkua&pDvrf;a=umif;ay:wGif avSsmufvSrf;EdkifcJh=u+yD; jzpfygonf? ,if;EdkifiHoHk;ck. xl;jcm;pGm udk 2009 ckESpf =o*kwfvtwGif;u u qufvuf ajymqdkonf? tJyk*H
wdu k q f ikd rf w
_ ckuawmh tqdyk gEikd if rH sm;rS tm%m&Sirf sm;udk OD;aqmif &ifqikd f awmfveS o f rl sm;rSm trsKd ;orD;rsm; jzpfaejcif;yif? &&dScJhonf? tjyif EdkifiHwum c&D;pOfrsm; ysHoef;
zdvpfyikd rf S ud&k mZef tuDE/fkd tif'edk ;D &Sm;Edik if rH S rD*0wD qlumEdEk iS hf jrefrmEdik if rH S a':atmifqef;pk=unf wd@k aemufxyf jrefrm trsKd; ajy;qGJaeaom ava=umif;vdkif;rSm
rSmwdik ;f jynfukd ppftm%m&Sif pepfrS vGwaf jrmufap&ef OD;aqmifc=hJ uolrsm; jzpfonf? xdo k ;kH OD;teuf vuf&t dS csed x f d orD ; oif w ef ; ol w OD ; rS m rl T tpd k ; &yd k i f jref r m Ed k i f i H w um
udk&mZeftuDEdkonf tatmifjrifqHk;[k qdk&rnfjzpfonf? olronf tm%m&Sif rm;udk hpfudk jzKwfcs+yD;aemuf av,mOf armif;oifwef; tu,f'rD ava=umif;vdkif; (MAI) wckom
jynfolvlxku wcJeufaxmufcHum orRw jzpfvm+yD; wkdif;jynfudk 'drkdua&pDvrf;a=umif;ay:odk@ a&mufatmif wG i f oif w ef ; wuf a &muf a eqJ &Sdonf?
aqmifusOf;ay;EdkifcJhygonf? 2009 ckESpf =o*kwfv(1)&ufae hwGif touf(76)ESpf t&G,f&Sd udk&mZef tuDEdkonf
uG,fvGeftedpP a&mufcJhayonf? olronf zdvpfydkifEdkifiH. 'Drdkua&pD rdcif}uD;tppfjzpfygonf? olr aoqHk;oGm;cJh
aomfvnf; olr.*k%o f wif;/ olr. pGr;f &nfowWEd iS hf ordik ;f 0if v_y&f mS ;r_rsm;um; urBmwnfoa&G w h nf&adS ernfrmS &cdkfif'Drdkua&pDtzGJ hcsKyf (jynfy-*syef)
oHo,jzpfp&mr&Sad y/ zdvpfyikd Ef iS t hf wl ud&k mZeftuDEo kd nf xm0& &Sio f efaernfom jzpfonf?
tuDE. kd b0udk tenf;i,fwifjy&aomf olronf csr;f om=u, G 0f aom rsKd ;&d;k rS qif;oufvmol jzpfonf? ygwD a&S hvkyfief;pOfrsm;udkaqG;aEG;
olronf tar&duefwiG f ynmoifco hJ nf/ xdk ah emuf epfEkd tuDEEkd iS hf tdraf xmifjyKum tdr&f iS rf wa,muftjzpfjzifh
zdvpfydkifwGif aexdkifcJhonf? epfEdk tuDEdkonf zdvpfydkif EdkifiH. tvGefausmf=u;aom twdkuftcH EdkifiHa&;
acgi;f aqmifjzpfonf? xdpk Ofu rm;udk ph o f nf zdvpfyikd Ef ikd if u H dk zdEydS cf sKyfcs,af eaom tm%m&Siw f OD;jzpfonf? olonf
wdik ;f jynfukd 23 ESp=f um atmif tm%m&Sipf epfjzifh tkycf sKyfc+hJ y;D jzpfonf? ol u h t kd mcHorl eS o f rSsonf ESp&f n S af xmif'%f
rStp toufq;kH &_;H &onfxd tjypfay;cH&wwf=u./ epfEkd tuDEo kd nfvnf; rm;udk ph u f kd qef@usio f jzifh r=umc%
axmifusccH &hJ ojzifh tar&duefjynfaxmifpo k kd ah cwW wdr;f a&SmifaecJh onf? odk ah omf Edik if aH &;orm;jzpfojzifh Edik if jH cm;wGif
=um=umraeEdik b f J oH;k ESpf t=umwGif tm%m&Sif rm;udk ph u f kd ,SO+f yKd if&ef zdvpfyikd o f k@d jyeftvm av,Ofay:rStqif;
+rKd @awmf reDvm avqdyw f iG f aoewfjzifh vky}f ucH cH &hJ avonf? tm%m&Si. f vufcsujf zifh b0qH;k cJ&h avonf?
xdtk csed rf pS I epfE. kd ZeD; ud&k mZeftuDEo kd nf jynfol t h iftm; (People Power ) udk toH;k jyKum
tm%m&Sif rm;udk hpfudk &ifqdkifcJhavonf? Tae&mwGif jrefrmEdkifiHrS vlxkacgif;aqmif a':atmifqef;pk=unfESifh
ud&k mZeftuDEw kd kd t h enf;i,f qifwo l nfukd awG &h ygonf? wOD;u Edik if H ol&aJ umif;wOD;. ZeD;jzpf+y;D tjcm;wOD;rSm
trsdK;om; ol&Jaumif; tmZmenf. &ifaoG;jzpfaeayonf? zdvpfydkifrS 'Drdkua&pDrdcifjzpfvmaom tuDedkonf
olr.cifyeG ;f udk tm%m&Siu f rw&m; owfjzwfccH &hJ ojzifh cifyeG ;f .wm0efukd ycH;k ajymif;,lcahJ om tmZmenf owW&d iS f
trsKd ;orD;}uD;jzpfcahJ vonf? a':atmifqef;pk=unf ta=umif;udu k m; tus,af &;jy&ef rvdak wmh+yD/ T acgi;f aqmif
trsKd ;orD;rsm;onf jynfov l x l . k cspcf iftm;ud;k r_ axmufcrH u _ kd t}uD;tus,f &cJo h rl sm;jzpf=uavonf?
wdkusdK 18 Zefe0g&D
odk ah omf rwlno D nfvnf;&Syd gonf? ud&k mZeftuDEo kd nf Adv k cf sKyf}uD; zD'v J f &mrdk ph . f axmufcrH u _ kd &&Sd
&cdkif'Drdkua&pDtzGJ@csKyf (jynfy-*syef) . 2010ckESpftwGuf yxr
atmif pGrf;aqmifEdkifcJhjcif;u a':atmifqef;pk=unfxuf ydkrdkomvGefaom pGrf;tm;w&yf jzpfcJhayonf? jynfoludk t}udrf tvkyftr_aqmif vywftpnf;ta0;udk wdkusdK+rdK hwGif ,refae@u
ESyd pf ufnOS ;f yef;&mwGif vufuikd w f w k t
f jzpf 23 ESpv f ;kH vH;k toH;k jyK vmcJah om aoewfajymif;0rsm;u rm;udk ph t
jyKvkyfcJh=uonf? f rde@f ukd
remcHawmhbJ jynfol b h ufrS &yfwnf avaomtcg tm%m&Sio f nf acG;ajy;0ufajy; ajy;cJ&h av./ ,cktcsed w f iG f
tpnf ; ta0;od k h t vk y f t r_ a qmif (15) OD ; &S d o nf h t euf r S
a':atmifqef;pk=unfonf jynfolvlxk axmufcHr_udk +ydKifbufr&Sd &&Sdaeaomfvnf; tm%m&Sifudk tmcH0Hhaom (13)OD;wufa&mufum 2010 ckESpftwGif; ygwDu aqmif&GufoGm;rnfh a&S@
ppfAv kd cf sKyf}uD;rsm;udrk l ol rh bufokd yh gvmatmif rpGr;f aqmifEikd af o;yg? wyfvufuikd f &Sad om xdyw f ef;Adv
k cf sKyf}uD;
vkyfief;pOfrsm;udk aqG;aEG;qHk;jzwf twnfjyKcJh=uonf[k od&onf? ygwD.
wOD;avmufuo kd m pnf;&H;k odr;f oGi;f Edik rf nfqu kd zdvpfyifkd u f o hJ kd h jrefrmEdik if . H tajctaerSmvnf; 'Dru kd a&pDvrf;ay:od@k
vk y f i ef ; pOf w csd K ES i f h ywf o uf I OuU X OD ; vS a t;armif u “'D a e@
vSsijf refpmG a&$ v h sm;oGm;vdrrfh nf[k usaemfh taejzifh xifjrifryd gonf? qHk;jzwfcsufawGxJrSm ta&;t}uD;qHk; qHk;jzwfcsuf wckuawmh 2010
xdk ah =umifh jrefrmEdik if o H l Edik if oH m;rsm;onf toufrsm; b0aygi;f rsm;udk paw;um 'Dru kd a&pDEiS hf vl@tcGihf
a&G;aumufyGJeJ h ywfoufvdk husaemfwdk hygwD&Jh acgif;aqmif}uD;jzpfwJh
ta&;twGuf wdkufyGJ0ifaecsdefwGif tm%m&Sifbufodk hajymif;vSnfhum jynfoludk umuG,fay;rnfh ppfAdkvfcsKyf}uD; OD;at;omatmif&Jh &yfwnfcsuf[m usaemfwdk@ &yfwnfcsufjzpfwma=umifh
wa,mufavmuf ay:vmygap[k qENjyKqk awmif;rdygonf? usaemfwdk h[m 2008 ckESpfu etz wbufowfa&;cJhwJh tajccHOya'eJ@
usif;yrJh 2010 a&G;aumufyGJudk vufrcHygbl;qdkwmygbJ/ +yD;awmh 'DrSm&Sd=uwJh
r[mrdwf tzGJ@tpnf;awGeJ hvufwGJum ppftkyfpk jyKwfusonfxd usaemfwdk@
vlxkudk tedkifusifhonfh &Jwyf=uyf}uD; "g;xdk;cH& ud,k pf rG ;f n%fprG ;f &So d a&G w
h u
kd yf 0JG ifomG ;r,f” [k &cdifk t f rsKd ;om; owif;pmod@k
armifat;(ed&OP&m) 12 Zefe0g&D ywfouf+yD; e*g;armuf aus;&Gmom; &Jpcef;udkoGm;+yD; aiGay;xm;&w,f ? ajymonf ?
&cdkifjynfe,f &aohawmif wOD;u ,ckuJhodkΠajymonf? 'gudk tcGifhaumif;,l+yD; wifoef;u ,ck E S p f j yKvk y f r nf h (64) }ud r f a jrmuf jynf a xmif p k a e@
+rdKŒe,fwGif vlxkudk tedkifusifhonfh “tJ'D &Jom; wifoef;u armifudkEdkifudk yGJrSm&dkuf+yD; aiGxyf tcrf ; tem;wG if &cdkfif&dk;&m ,Ofaus;r_ tursm;jzifh yg0if qifE$Jrnf jzpf+yD;
&Jwyf=uyf=uD; wOD;udk vli,f wOD;rS yGJtpaeŒrSm armifudkEdkifudk zrf;+yD; awmif;w,f? armifudkEdkifuvnf; &cdkif'Drdkua&pDtzGJ hcsKyf (jynfy-A[dk) em,u OD;atmif0if; jyKpkonfh
"g;jzif h xd k ; vd k u f o jzif h &J w yf = uyf &dkufw,f? 0ifwm;wJh vlawGudk racs aiG a y;xm;+yD ; om; zrf ; &d k u f & vm; ppf t m%m&S i f r sm; vuf atmuf u wd k i f ; &if ; om; jynf o l r sm;.
}uD ; ud k aq;&H k o d k Πwif y d k Πvd k u f & riH rav;rcef Πajymw,f ? 'gud k qd k + yD ; rauseyf v d k Πtck v d k "g;eJ Πb0tajctae pmwrf ; wapmif u d k v nf ; zwf = um;rnf [ k od & onf ?
onf[k owif; &&Sdonf? rauseyf w J h twG u f yG J a emuf q H k ; xdk;wmjzpfygw,f?” trsd;orD;a&;&mrSL; a':vSvSa0uvnf; ”usrwdk h&Jh &JabmfawGjzpfwJh
tqd k y g "g;xd k ; cH & onf h aeŒrSm armifudkEdkifu wyf=uyf=uD; ,ck t cg &J w yf = uyf } uD ; urB m t&yf & yf u usrwd k h y gwD 0 if a wG e J h XmecG J a wG e J @ yd k r d k + yD ;
&J w yf = uyf } uD ; rS m &aoh a wmif + rd K Πwif o ef ; ud k "g;eJ ΠoH k ; csuf w d w d wif o ef ; rS m "g;'%f & mjzif h &aoh vufwGJaqmif&GufEdkifrJh enf;vrf;awGudkvnf; aqG;aEG;jzpfygw,f? wcg
&Jpcef;rS wifoef; jzpf+yD; &aohawmif xdk;vdkufwm jzpfygw,f?” awmif + rd K Œaq;&H k w G i f aq;uk o r_ *syefrSm ae=uwJh usr wdk hEdkifiHom;awG awG h}uHK=u&wJh *syeftpkd;&&Jh
+rdKŒe,f rlpJuGsef; ajcawmf&m bk&m;yGJ armifudkEdkifrSm tr_@wck cH,lae&+yD; armifudkEdkifrSm wdrf;a&Smif 'kuo Q nfqikd &f m Oaya'/ v0u Oya'awGuv kd nf; 0dik ;f 0ef; aqG;aEG;=uygw,f”
wG i f vH k + cH K a&; wm0ef u saepOf a=umifh &Jwyf=uyf}uD; wifoef;udk aea=umif; od&onf? [k ajymonf?
,ckuJhodkΠ"g;xdk;cH&jcif;jzpfonf? aiGr=umc% ay;ae&+yD; bk&m;yGJwGif "g;xdk;cH&onfh &Jwyfom; &cd k i f ' D r k d u a&pD tzG J @ csKyf (jynf y -*syef ) onf Ed k i f i H a &;
ol Πtm; "g;ES i f h x d k ; vd k u f aiGray;edkifI &dkuf&mrS armifudkedkif wifoef;rSm vnf*kwfwGif wcsuf/ v_yf&Sm;r_rsm;wGif a&S hwef;u wuf=uGpGm yg0ifouJhodk hvlr_a&; ynma&;
onfh vli,frSm &aohawmif+rdKŒe,f rauseyfI "g;ESifh xdk;jcif; jzpfa=umif; vufarmif;wGif wcsufESifh nmbuf tcef;u¾rsm;wGif wwftm;oa&G h yg0ifavh&Sdonf? tpnf;ta0;twGif;Y
e*g;armufaus;&GmrS OD;armifjzLvHk; olu qufajymonf? aygifwGif wcsuf oHk;csufwdwd txdk; trsd;orD;a&;&mrSL; a':vSvSa0rS xdkif;jrefrme,fpyf rJaqmuf+rdK h&Sd q&m}uD;
om; armifudkEdkifjzpfonf? “armifudkEdkifrSm tr_wck cH&a=umif; &aohawmif aq;&HkESifheD; OD;cdkifOD;armif. “rdbrJhESifh cdkudk;&mrJhuav;rsm; txuf wef;ausmif;” odk h
"g;xdk;r_ jzpfyGm;&jcif;ESifh &S d w ,f ? tJ ' D t r_ t wG u f vpOf pyf o l wOD ; uvnf ; twnf j yK ,ef;aiG 30000 ESifh &cdkfif'Drdkua&pDtzGJ hcsKyf (jynfy-*syef)rS ,efaiG 20000
ajym=um;onf? vSL'gef;cJ ha=umif; owif;&&Sdonf?
&ckdiftrsKd;om;owif;pmukdvpOfxkwfa0onf?
&ckid tf rsK;d om;owif;pm Zefe0g&v D 2010 ckEpS f twGJ (4) trSwf (1) pmrsufESm 3
eufusm;um; tysKdjzef; =uD;rsm; twGif; ypPnf;wif vSnf;ay: a&GŒajymif; tvkyform;rsm; t=um;
av; jzpfvm+yD? eufusm;rSm usaemfh cif e uf u sm;&J Πcspf y k H j yif wGif xdkif;rsufESmjzL ujym; uav; a&yef;pm;vSaom w,fvDzkef; cspfol
tdrfu a=umifruav; jzpfonfukd aygufpav;rsm;ukd xnfhum wGef; xm;jcif ; tavh r S jrpf z sm; cH a v
rSwfrd =urnfxifygonf? oltysKd vm =uavaom xkdif;rESifh rsufeSm onf?vlcsif; w&HwqpfrSs rjrifbl;
jzpfvma=umif; ol. arG;pm&if; t& jzLyk&d\ twGJwdkŒonfvnf; &kd;tD =uyJvsuf w,fvDzkef;jzifh cspfwif;
aomfvnf;aumif; /Zmwm &ufcskKyf aeaom jrif u G i f ; yif ? +rd K ŒtES H Œ aESmjcif; tavhum; xdkif;EkdifiHa&muf
t& aomfvnf;aumif; /a=umifrysKd ae&mtESHŒ awGŒ&aom xkdif;rESifh jrefrm tvkyform;wkdŒ arGŒavsmfjrJ
wkŒd . "rRwm oabmukd ppfa=umrdI rsufESmjzLzdk pkHwGJwkdŒum; zl;cuf+rdKŒ. tusifh [k qkdygonf?
aomfvnf;aumif; / od&onfawmh oauF w aywnf ; ? vif r sm;aom tES D touf w q,f h
r[kwfyg? ta=umif;um; olŒarG;aeŒ r,m;/ r,m;rsm;aomvif [lonf ukd;ESpf t&G,f jrefrmrdef;rysKdonf
arG;vESifh aeŒeHudk usaemf trSwf um; TvlrsKd;wkdŒ twGuf tqef; zl ; cuf a&muf o nf r S m &uf a ygif ;
tom; rjyKcJhrdonfhtjyif eufusm; w=u,f r[kwf+yD? ajcmufq,fyif rjynfhao;aomfjim;
. rD ; ,yf " rR w mud p P r S m usaemf h zl ; cuf & S d armf a wmf u m; twkjrif twwfoifvsuf olrjrif
ta&;t&m r[k w f a oma=umif h tcsKŒd ESihf aetdrt f csKŒd wGif uARn;f wif bl;aom jrefrmyk&d\ wa,mufukd
jzpfygonf? xkd@twl a=umiftysKd a&;xkd; csdwfqGJxm; wwf=uonfh w,fvDzkef;jzifh avvSKdif;rS cspfwif;
abmf0ifonfh ESpftykdif;tjcm;ESifh xl;qef;vSaom pmwrf;um; We aESmchJonf[k qkdygonf?
touft&G,fudkvnf; rEk\aA' Love Flaung !!! We Love xkrd o
S nf wqifh wufum
ynm&Sif r[kwfojzifh usaemf rajym Money !!!(rsuf E S m jzLuk d w k d Œ olaexkdif&m tdrfcef;odkŒ/olŒtdrfrS
Ek d i f j yef y g? rnf o d k Œ yif qk d a pumrl cspfonf /tojymukd wdkŒcspfonf) twlaeolrsm; tvkyfqif;csdef jzpf
eufusm;. ukd,fvHk; udk,fzefESifh [lownf;? onf h tcsd e f r awmf noef ; acgif
ol . &S K yf a xG ; vS a om tcspf a &; a*ga%e a*ga%m oHk;em&DwGif vlcsif; awGŒqHk=u&ef
a=umifh oltysKd}uD;zm;zm; jzpf+yD ora%e ora%a%m [lIyif qk&d tcsdef;tcsuf jyK=uonf qkdyg.?
qko d nfurdk l usaemf wxpfcs aocsm avrnfavm? &mZ0if ajymif;jyef TokdŒvSsif awGŒ=uonfY csdef;qkd&m
ayguf ajymEdkifygonf? jzpfum jynfwGif;wGif pm;a&;aea&; ok d Πa&muf v maom jref r m
eufusm; a=umifaygufp tvdkŒiSm yljyif; ajcmufaoGŒavaom a,musmf ; onf tqd k y g rd e f ; rysKd
t&G,f i,fpOfuaomf eufusm;. a=umifh zl;cufokdΠw0rf;wcg; tvdkΠarS s mf r S e f ; xm;ouJ h o k d Πvl & G , f /
b0onf txD;usef jzpfI usaemfh iS m a&muf & S d v m=uonf h jref r m vlyHkacsm r[kwfyJ toufav;q,f
tdrfrS vGJI ckdukd;&m r&SdcJhygay? teD; trsKd;aumif;om; trsKd;aumif; orD; 0ef;usif/ ykHqkd;yef;qkd; jzpfaeav&m
em; tdrftoD;oD;rS a=umifacG;wkdŒ. wkdŒonfvnf; wv$JqHyif aumif; rvdkvm; tyfaom aemufqufwGJ
ab;&efa=umifh eufusm;onf +cx H uJ um eufusm;. p&kduf/ xkdif;ysKdjzL jy\emrsm; qifyh mG ; jzpfay:cJo h nf[k
+cHjyifvnf; rxGuf&JcJhacs? eufusm;
td r f w G i f ; yk e f ; aeonf h w k d i f &H c g
wckaom aeŒvnfwGif eufusm;ESifh
a=umif0g}uD;wkdŒ yvl;aecsdefY a=umif rif;'if wdkŒ. tusifhpm*ESifh r&dl;&if;pGJjzpf
ukef=uav+yD? eufusm;onf xkdif;
wqifhpum; =um;&jyefygonf? xkd
tcsdef;tcsuf Zmwfvrf;um; vl
e,f a usmf +cH a usmf a&muf v m euf}uD; &kwfjcnf; 0ifvmum tcspf ysKd j zL wk d Π. tusif h p m* twd k i f ; owf rk'ed ;f rSKjzifh tusn;f wefpmG ed*;kH
wwfaom a=umift}uD;pm;rsm; &ef twG u f pd e f a c: tm;prf ; cJ h = uav udpP jzpfedkifayao;.? vmonfh enf;wl jrefrmtvkyo f rm; csKyfcJh&avonf?
a=umifh eufusm;crsm a&Smif&wdrf;& onf? a=umif0g}uD;um; tcspu f kd usm;r tcsKdŒwdkŒonfnf; olwkdŒ. xk d o wif ; onf awmrD ;
ajy;&v$m;&onfht}udrfaygif;vnf; a=umif0g}uD;um; cifeuf vufv$wf qHk;&SKH;&olwkdŒ. "rRwm xk d i f ; t&S i f o cif r sm; p&k d u f u k d uJhokdŒ ysHŒESHŒcJhav&m zl;cufa&muf
renf;cJh? usm;twG u f touf y if aoao twkdif; }uD;pGmaom cspf'kuQudk cHpm; tv$Jul;cs ae=uavukefjyD? jrefrmwkdŒum; trsKd;*k%f awZm
wcgw&H 'g%f & myif [laom cspfaZm[kefjzifh a=umifeuf &avawmhonf? a=umif0g}uD;um; jref r mEd k i f i H weH w vsm; nSKd;&onfh txJ El&m0JpGJum vl=um;
&wwfI usaemfwwfor# qEGif; }uD;udk &ifqkdif.? a=umifeuf=uD; usaemf xrif ; pm;yG J e m; txd y if rnfonfh wkdif;&if;om;rqkd t&Suf xJ w G i f y if rsuf E S m rjy0h H o nf h b0
odyf ukoay;&onfvnf; &SdcJhyg.? um; areufusm;r&Sd&if toufr&Sif a&mufvmum cspfolaysmufukd &Sm ta=umuf}uD;vSygonf qkdaomfjim; a&mufukef =u&&Smav. ?
…S2 ESpfausmfwnf;[laomtcsdefonf csifawmh [laom cspfpdwfr$efvsuf avawmhonf? pifppf rlrSeftcsdefY zl ; cuf a &muf j ref r mwcsKd Œ twG u f urBm rdk;ajrwGif awZm
eufusm;udk b0ajymif;apcJhavjyD ? a=umif 0 g}uD ; uk d taozJ h av.? xdka=umif0g}uD;onf usaemfh tem; Living together ESifh vifuGm awmf +zdK;a0um a&$rSefuif; tqif;
a=umif tysKdjzef;uav; jzpfvmav wkdufyGJum; olao udk,fao jzpfav okdΠcsnf;uyf&ef rqkdxm;bd ta0;rS r,m;uG m ud p P w d k Πonf tqef ; uJhokdΠ0if;0if;awmufcJhaom acwf
I rsuf E S m yef ; yG i f h c J h a v+yD w nf ; ? aoma=umifh jyif;xef vSavonf? jrif v S s if y if vS p f u eJ aysmuf o G m ; r[kwfawmh+yD? umvrsm;um; uk e f v G e f c J h a v+yD ?
[k d p Of u +cH w G i f ; ok d @ euf u sm;uk d pdefac:yGJ. &vm'fum; a=umif0g}uD; wwfvifh upm; ,ckaomf usaemfh tcsKd Œ aom aumf q ef ; rnfolwkdŒonf jrefrmrsm;ukd TykH
&efrl&ef vmwwfavh&Sdaom a=umif b,fajcwGif onf;pGmaom 'g%f&m tem;txd pGefŒpGefŒpm;pm; a&muf (aqmufvkyfa&; )vkyfief;cGifwkdŒwGif Tb0 a&mufatmif wGef;ykdŒcJh=u
0g}uD;yif eufusm;ukd rsufESmay; &jcif;aywnf;?TonfrSonf euf vmjcif;rSm tcspfu aphaqmf vkduf acwWvifr,m;/ taysmf vifr,m; ? ygoenf ; ? tb,f t &mwk d Πonf
wrsKd; ajymif;um &pfoD&pfoDjzifh usm; waumif tEdkif& a=umifeuf aom owW d p G r f ; yum; a=umif h y if twlae trsK;d om; &tyfaom 0ifaiG jrefrmwkdŒ. aumif;jrwf aom vlrSK
jrLwcg acsmhwvSnfh udkaemufykd; }uD;zufokdŒ av,l&mwdrf;um ,drf;cJh jzpfayvdrfhrnf? vkyftm;c. av;q,f &mckdifESKef;jzifh tusihfp&kdufwkdŒukd zsufqD; 0g;+rdKcJh
Zmwfcif; wwfaeav+yD? awmh . ? euf u sm;. ES v k H ; om; usaemf h vuf p G J a wmf acwW ,m,D Z eD ; r,m; tjzpf =uygoenf;?
r=umygacs?euf u sm; wGif;okdΠa=umifeuf}uD; 0ifvmcsdefrS &efukefom; oef;armifum; vl&kd; aygif;oif; ae=uonf[lIyif =um; usaemf taejzifh eufusm;
onf a=umif0g}uD;eSifh a=umifwdkŒ tpjyKI eufusm;ESifh a=umif0g}uD; vlaumif; yDyD eufusm;wkdŒ. oHk;yGifh odvm&+yD? wvif wr,m; &kd;ajrus . cspf y H k j yif r S o nf zl ; cuf a &muf
obm0 arwWmrSs=u avownf;? wk@d anmifnKd yif vrf;cGpJ avownf;? qkdif tcspfa&;wGif eufusm;. cspfOD; aygif ; aom tavh u d k y if &D p &m jrefrmrsm;. oepfykH tjzpf pHktm;
eufusm;ESifha=umif0g}uD;wdkΠum; eufusm;um; opPmrJhol ol a=umif0g}uD;zufrS ajymifajymif avSmifp&m xifjrif ukef=uavjyD ZmwfpHk cif;um TyHk Tb0 a&muf
usaemfh a&SŒwGifyif &Suf&aumif;rSef; wnf;?rsufESmrsm;olwnf;/ tm;}uD; &yfwnf axmufcHvsuf a=umifeuf wnf;? =u&jcif;twGuf vufonf w&m;cH
rod a cs? euf u sm;u aea&mif ol u k d ud k ; uG , f o l w nf ; ? a=umif }uD;udk +cHxt J 0ifrcHyJ awGŒ&m cJ/ 'kwf tcsKd Œ aom xd k i f ; Ed k i f i H ukd &SmazGcsifygao;onf? okdŒaomf
atmufu tkwfcHkay:wGif aeylpm 0g}uD;ukd rodromwrsKd; ajymifajymif wkŒd jzifh ypfayguf ajcmufveS Œf ESix f w
k f a&muf jref r mjynf z G m ; rd e f ; rysKd jrefrmEdkifiHukd pkd;rdk;tkyfcsKyf rif;vkyfol
vSKHoa,mif [efa&;jycsdefY a=umif woG,f a&Smifz,fa&Smifz,f vkyf avonf? usaemfrlum; vl}uD;t&m rsm;um; xdkif;wkdŒESifh aysmfaysmf}uD; wkdŒonf trsKd;om;a&; pdwf"mwfESifh
0g}uD ; uvnf ; euf u sm;. vuf vsuf a=umifeuf}uD;ukdom pdwf jzpfI a=umifwkdŒ. cspfjcif;udk =um; vufquf=uum xkdif;. ZeD;jzpf& Zmwdrmef jrifhrm;a&;wnf; [laom
wurf;wGif &pfum 0Jum cspf&nf n$wf aeavawmh&um; ajy;olu 0ifjcif;iSm roifhawmf avonfESihf onfudkyif avmutv,f *k%fwifh OD;wnfcsufrsm;udk taumiftxnf
&$ e f ; vJ h a om rsuf v H k ; tpH k w k d Πjzif h ajy;I vk d u f o l u vd k u f jzpf u k e f rod u sKd ; usif y if cyf r qd w f ae& zG,f&mtjzpf cH,lae=u&Hkru jrefrm azmfvsuf&Sd=uyg.? jrefrmrsKd;wawG
uvlwkefŒwif cspfjcif;. teufukd ayawmhonf? r=umao;rDuaomf av.? tcsi;f csi;f =um;wGif u|erf a,musm;f acwfaumif; a&muf+yDav[kvnf;
zGifhcJh=ubl;onfrSm usaemfh rsufjrif eufusm;onf olŒtwGuf csau|; pifppf a=umifrav; euf u “ xkid ;f ” qku d m &ifaumh Zef;wif atmf[pf a=uG;a=umfae=uyg.? okdŒ
jzpfavonf? onfh olŒtpmukdyif tukefrsKdus usm;. trl t usif h o nf a&ajr pum; qk d a e=uav+yD ?xk d Œ twl jzpf&m olwkdŒ. OD;wnfcsufrS aoG
tES D a=umif 0 g}uD ; ES i f h [efrwl /cspf&vGef;ol udkudk0gtwGuf vdu k of nf[yk if qk&d rnf xifygonf? &Sm;&Sm; yg;yg; xkdif;rudk vufqufcGifh znfaom rnffonhf vkyf&yfrsKd;ukd
euf u sm;. tcspf Z mwf v rf ; um; qkdav[ef csefxm;avh&Sdyg.? ,ck usaemf a exk d i f & m zl ; cuf + rd K Œum; &aom jrefrm a,musmf;uvnf; rqkd trsufrmefapmif }uD;}uD;jzifh
usaemfh rsufapmif;xkd;tdrfrS a=umif aomf a=umif 0 g}uD ; tem;uyf c&D;oGm;+rdKŒ jzpfonhf tm;avSsmfpGm “usaemfh rdef;ru xkdif;”[k *k%f,l rsufESmpdrf; rsufESm usufra&G; t+idK;
euf}uD; 0ifrvmpOfuaomf om,m onfudkyif rESpf+rdKŒ[ef ygwum;? rsufESmjzLwkdŒ t0iftxGuf ysm;yef; 0ifh0g ae=ujyDwum;? xD;ESifheef;ESifh xm; ta&;,l w wf a om Oyrm
ajzmifhjzL;[ef &SdchJyg.? jynfyef;ndK r=uif b,fhtwGuf pdrf;avonf cwfrsm;jym;av&m zl;cuf+rdKΠa&muf pH j ref ; vm&H k r S s ru rsKd ; ES i f h & k d ; ES i f h Oyar,s rsm;pGm&Sdavaoma=umifh
csKdygvsuf [lIyif qkd&avrnfavm rod? a=umif0g}uD;ukd tawGŒrcHawmh rsufESmjzL tawmfrsm;rsm;rSm xkdif; wefcdk;&SdcJhonf qdkaom jrefrmwkdŒ jref f r mjynf E S i f h vH k ; vH k ; vsm;vsm;
rod? tqdkyg a=umifeuf}uD;onf acs? xkdrSsomr[kwfao;/ wcgwcg ysKdjzLwkdŒESifh 'Gd,H 'Gd,H jzpfavh&Sd=u onf tb,fwGifenf;? tquf rjzwfEdkifao;onfh usaemfh
euf u sm;ES i f h a=umif 0 g}uD ; wk d Œ . eufusm;waumif tdrfteD;0ef;usif uk e f . ? xd k i f ; rav; armif ; aom xkid ;f ysKjd zLwkŒd uJo
h Œdk vrf;r tzdkŒ rif;jypfrif;'%f &mZ0wf ab;
tcspfa&;ukd rif;'\enf;xHk; ESvkH; cyfvSrf;vSrf;okdŒyg vSpfueJ vSpfueJ qkdifu,f aemufu cg;zuf vdkufae tv,fwGif vrf;rovm; Edkifav oifh Edkifav&m cifeufusm;. cspf
rlvsuf =um;0ifzsuf avawmhonf? xGufoGm; wwfjyefay&m oljyefvm aom rsufESmjzLwkdŒ &Sdovdk rsufESm aom zl ; cuf a &muf td r f w G i f ; yk e f ; ykHjyifukd a&SŒrqufEdkfifjcif; twGuf
csKyf I qk d & aomf a=umif 0 g=uD ; ES i f h onfh t+rD;weefŒweefŒ cyfa=umh jzLarmif;aom qkdifu,faemufu jrefrmrav;wa,muf. &ifemp&m c$ifhv$wfbdkŒ&ef txl;arwWm &yfcH
a=umifeuf}uD;wkd@ tcspfppfyGJ jyif; a=umh rl[efonfvnf; tjcm;wyg; cg;zuf vk d u f a eaom xk d i f ; rav; tjzpfwckyif r=umrwifu jzpfyGm; tyfygonf?
xefpGm pwif jzpfyGm;avawmh.? aom a=umifysKdwkdŒESifh tcsdef;tcsuf wkdŒvnf; terw*~yif? pwkd;qkdif cJ h y gao;.? Ttjzpf u m; jref r m
&ckdiftrsKd;om;owif;pmukdvpOfxkwfa0onf?
hvdk@
jyif;

ycJ+h yD;
&ckid t
f rsK;d om;owif;pm Zefe0g&v
D 2010 ckEpS f twGJ (4) trSwf (1) pmrsufESm 4
trsd K ;om;wyf a ygif ; pk a &;&m ud p P r sm;ES i f h ywf o uf I &cd k i f j ynf v H k ; qd k i f & m ausmif ; om;ES i h f
t,f'Dwmhtmabmf vli,frsm;tpnf;t&Hk; (AASYC) . tjrifESihf &yfwnfcsuf
&cdkifjynftrsKd;om;aumifpD ANC onf &cdkiftrsKd;om;EdkifiHa&; toif;tzGJ@rsm;ESifh EdkifiHwuma&muf
&cdik t f rsK;d om; acgi;f aqmifrsm;rS OD;aqmif OD;&Gujf yK xlaxmifco hJ nfh trsK;d om;Edik if aH &; wyfaygi;f pk wck jzpfonf?
wyfaygif;pk. atmifjrifr_/ usqHk;r_/ usufoa&wdk;r_/ usufoa&,kwfr_ rSefor#twGuf wyfaygif;pktm;
ao'%fjzifh E_wfcGef;qufo uruxjyK wnfaxmifc=hJ uonfh toif;tzG@J EiS hf woD;yk*v
,ae@tcsdefwGif (ANC) ESifh vHk;0roufqdkifaom (odk@) rdrdwkd@ygwD tzGJ@tpnf;toD;oD;. w&m;0if
~ ud, k pf m;vS,rf sm;tm;vH;k wGif wm0ef&o dS nf?

cHvdkuf&onfh 2010 ud, k pf m;vS,f r[kwaf om (od@k ) rdcifygwD tzG@J tpnf;rsm;rS xkwyf ,fjcif;cHxm;&aom (od@k ) rormaom vky&f yfrsm;
a=umifh (ANC) rS xkwyf ,fjcif;cHxm;&aomolrsm; pkpnf;I (ANC) emrnfukd toH;k csum jynfov l x l /k Edik if w H umESihf
urBmh jynfol jynfom; etzrsm;udk trSefwu,f awmf r[mrdwftiftm;pkrsm;t=um; xifa,mifxifrSm;jzpfatmif vkyfaqmifae=uonfudk rdrdwdk@ &cdkifjynfvHk;qkdif&m
taygif;u ESpfopfwGif usufoa& vS e f z d k @ twG u f twG i f ; pnf ; wG i f ausmif;om;ESihf vli,frsm; tpnf;t&H;k (AASYC) taejzifh vH;k 0ESihf t=uiG ;f rJh qef@usio f nf? T}uKd ;yrf;r_ukd OD;aqmif
r*Fvmtaygif;ESifh jynfh0um aysmf&$if t&if;tESD; }uD;}uD;ay;I wdkuf&J ae=uolrsm;tm;vnf; trsKd;om; pnf;vHk;nGwfa&;udk ysufjym;&ef}uHpnfol/ trsKd;om;EkdifiHa&;vrf;a=umif;udk
ygapa=umif; qkawmif; aecsdefrSm olrsm;onf trSefwu,f vkdtyf wdr;f apmif;atmif jyKvkyo f rl sm;tjzpf jyif;xefpmG &_wcf svu kd o f nf?
etz uawmh ESpfopfudk ao'%fjzifh aeonfom? xdvk yk &f yfrsm;tm; qef@usiu f ef@uu G &f ef ysuu f u G af om/ rodusK;d u|jH yKae=uaom wyfaygi;f pktm; xlaxmifchJ
v_ud v f ud_ vf v JS }JS uD; }udKqdv k u
kd of nf xdk@jyif etzonf 2010 =uonfh woD;yk*v ~ ESihf toif;tzG@J u, kd pf m;vS,rf sm;. vkyef nf; vky[ f efukd tnHch aH &; vkyef nf; vky[ f ef/ tacsmiform;
udk awG &h ayonf? wG i f a&G ; aumuf y G J usif ; yrnf [ k qefonfh vkyef nf; vky[ f ef/ wud, k af umif;qefonfh vkyef nf; vky[ f ef[k owfrw S o f nf?
etzonf rdrdwdk hbmom wG i f w G i f a tmf & if ; 'D r d k u &uf w pf wyfaygif;pkwGif; jzpfysufcJhonfh tcsif;csif; txiftjrifvGJrSm;r+rsm;/ yÉdyuQrsm;tm; w&m;0ifaqG;aEG;
vHkvS+yD[k xifum Orifv_d%facgif; rqef a om vk y f & yf r sm; jzpf o nf h tajz&Smvsuf rdrw d @kd . tm;enf;csu/f tm;omcsurf sm;udk qENpu JG if;uif;jzifh a0zefo;kH oyfum ed*;kH csKyf oH;k oyfcsuu f kd
rsm;wl;I urBmudk tefw&k ef &nf&, G f owif ; axmuf r sm;ud k eS p f & S n f xkwjf yef&ef ysuu f u G jf cif;onf rdrw d @kd u, kd w f ikd f a&G;cs,x f rf;aqmifonfh wm0efukd rdrw d @kd uk, d wf ikd u f rausyeG jf cif;
csuf}uD;jzifh jrefrmjynftv,fydkif; axmif '%f csrw S jf cif;rsm;udk vkyaf e jzpfonf? Tvky&f yfonf ordik ;f rSeu f kd azmfxw k u f m a0zefa&;ESiu hf , kd u hf , kd uf kd a0zefa&;jzifh wyfaygi;f pkukd oef@pif apvsuf
ysOf;rem;+rdK@rS &Srf;ukefjrihfxd ayguf ayonf ? rd r d w d k h u r[k w f r rS e f wyfaygi;f pk tzG@J 0ifrsm;=um; xyfqifh nDnw G jf cif;udk vdv k m;aom tjcm;ud, k pf m;vS,rf sm;tm; tav;rxm;jcif;/ jynfol
aom Orif v_% d af cgi;f udk wdww f qdwf ojzifh trSefudk azmfxkwfolrsm;udk vlxt k m; rxDrjhJ rifjyKjcif;vnf; jzpfonf?
wl;aecJhonf? tvm;wl nluvD; trkef;yGg;um tqifjcifrJh jypf'%f wyfaygi;f pka[mif;udk zsuo f rd ;f jy;D emrnfopfjzifh tjcm;wyfaygi;f pkopf axmif&rnf[al om t,ltqonf
,m; tdrfrufjzihf vufeuf EdkifiH csrSwf aejcif;u ,if;wdk@. r,Of jynfov l x l t k m; trsK;d om;awmfveS af &;/ trsK;d om;Edik if aH &;udk t,Ht k =unf uif;rJah tmif jyKvky&f musonf? om;pOf/
xlaxmif&ef nluvD;,m; ydkifqdkif aus; r&ifhusufjcif; rsm;udk azmfjy ajr;quf wyfaygi;f pkwiG f t,Ht k =unf uif;rJah pvsuf trsK;d om;pnf;vH;k nDnw G af &;udk vrf;pydwaf ponf? rwlnrD _
aom Edik if rH sm;ESihf vSsKd 0h u S f qufo, G f aejcif;om jzpfayonf? trSew f &m; xJrmS wln&D mudk yl;aygi;f vkyaf qmif&rnfh wyfaygi;f pk. oaE<pw d u f kd ysu, f iG ;f aponf?
a&;vrf;zGifhcJhonf? odk@aomf tqdkyg ud k jrwf E k d ; ol r sm;/ trS e f w &m; ta=umif;trsK;d rsK;d a=umifh ysu, f iG ;f cJ=h u&aom wyfaygi;f pkukd jyefvnfwnfaqmuf&mwGif yl;aygi;f yg0ifz@kd
vS s d K @0S u f c suf r sm;um; pD r H u d e f ; bufu &yfwnf wdkufyGJ0ifolrsm;udk jiif;qefjcif; (od@k ) tqdyk g qENreG jf zifh yg0ifvpkd w d &f o dS rl sm;tm; ryg0ifEikd af p&ef enf;vrf;rsK;d pHjk zifh uef@owfjcif;/ z,fcsef
taumiftxnf ray:rDyif tifwm um; ,ck e nf ; jzif h acszsuf I xm;jcif;ponfh vky&f yfrsm;rSmvnf; trsK;d om;pnf;vH;k nDnw G af &;udk vufawG@tm;jzifh taumiftxnfazmf aqmif&u G f
euf pmrsufESmrsm;rS wqifh EdkifiH &&dk;r&Sday? vdpk w d f r&Sjd cif;[k owfrw S o f nf?
wumodk@ bl;ay:ovdk ay:xGufvmcJh etzonf wkdif;jynfudk rdrwd @kd taejzifh atmufygtajccHrrl sm;udk pGu J ikd vf suf rwlujJG ym;r_rsm;ukd nSEd +di;f tajz&Smum jyefvnfwnf
onf? jynfy&Sd jrefrm rD'D,mtm;vHk; vuf e uf tm;ud k ; jzif h "g;rd k ; I aqmufrnfh (ANC) wGif twwfEikd q f ;kH yl;aygi;f aqmif&u G o f mG ;rnf?
uvnf ; etz. vS s d K @0S u f t}uH qufvuf tkyfcsKyf&efwGuf ESpfopf 1? &cdik jf ynftrsK;d om;aumifpo D nf trsK;d om;Edik if aH &;wyfaygi;f pkw&yf jzpfojzifh ‚if;tm; trsK;d om;Edik if aH &;
tpnfrsm;udk tm;&yg;& xkwfv$ifh ud k ao'%f j zif h E_ w f c G e f ; quf c J h toif;tzG@J rsm;/ woD;yk*v ~ rsK;d csp/f jynfcsprf sm;udk t"dutajccHI zG@J pnf;&rnf?
a&;om; azmfjycJah oma=umifh wdik ;f ol av+yD? tu,fIrsm; T aoG;pGef; 2? Twyfaygi;f pkwiG f yg0ifrnfh toif;tzG@J rsm;onf jynfov l x l /k Edik if w H umESihf r[mrdwrf S vufcaH vmuf
jynf o m; tm;vH k ; od & S d c G i f h &cJ h aom vufrsm;u ay:xGuf vmrnf onfh rl0g'/ vrf;pOf/ vkyif ef;pOf/ zG@J pnf;yH/k acgi;f aqmifr/_ vlx/k vlwef;pm; tajccH/ oufwrf;ponfh tcsut f vufrsm;ESihf
ayonf? [k qdkavaom a&G;aumufyGJum; jynfhpHk&rnf?
etzonf tqdkyg udpP tb,f o d k @ aom a&G ; aumuf y G J 3?xdw k yfaygi;f pk tzG@J 0ifrsm;rS apv$wv f u kd af om toif;tzG@J u, kd pf m;vS,rf sm;onf rdrw d @kd rcd iftzG@J tpnf;
twGuf ,rf;yHkrD;usjzpfum AdkvfrSL; jzpfav rnfenf;/ ,rf;cdk; wa0a0 . aemufqHk; qHk;jzwfydkifcGifh&Sdonfh OD;pD;tzGJ@ (odk@) acgif;aqmif. w&m;0ifwm0efay;jcif;cH&oljzpf&rnf? ‚if;onf
0if;Edik af usmw f kd t
h yk pf uk kd Oya' yk'xf ;D jzifh nSDeH@oif;aom a&G;aumufyGJ wyfaygi;f pkEiS hf rdciftzG@J tpnf;t=um;wGif Edik if aH &;ESihf pnf;&H;k a&;t& tjyeftvSef wm0efcH Edik o f jl zpf&rnf? ouf&x dS if&mS ;
yk'frrsm;wyfI ao'%fcsrSwf cJhav om jzpfayrnf? xdk hjyif EdkifiHol EdkifiH &Sad epOfumvwGif &kyyf ikd ;f / pdwyf ikd ;f qdik &f m azmufjyefr+r&Syd gu nDvmcH oufwrf;wck tenf;qH;k wm0efxrf;aqmifrnf[k
onf? tqdkyg yk*~dKvfwdk@onf trSef om;rsm;/ trSew f &m;twGuf wdu k yf JG yÉdOmOfjyKEdik o f l jzpf&rnf?
wu,f etz pGyfpGJouJhodk hetz. 0ifae=uaom ol&Jaumif;rsm;u 4? ‚if;wyfaygi;f pkwiG f yg0ifvakd om woD;yk*v ~ ud, k pf m;vS,rf sm;onf ud, k u f siphf m&dwaW umif;rGeo f /l vl&akd o/
vSsdK h0Sufcsufrsm;udk urBmodatmif vnf ; ol w d k @ vk y f w d k i f ; ik w f w k w f &Si&f akd o avmufonfh *k%o f u d mQ ESihf jynfph o kH /l wyfaygi;f pk ckid rf mus,jf yef@a&;twGuf tcsed af y; aqmif&u G v f o kd /l vky&f nf/
azmuf c sol rS e f y gu ol w d k @ onf xdkifum jzpfvmorSs uHw&m;[k udik &f nf&o dS l jzpf&rnf? toif;tzG@J ud, k pf m;vS,rf sm;uJo h @kd yif yÉdOmOfjyKEdik &f rnf? tenf;qH;k tzG@J tpnf; (2)ckrS tqdjk yK
pnf ; 0d k i f ; twG i f ; rS }uD ; rm;aom +idrfcHae=urnf r[kwfaoma=umifh axmufco H l jzpf&rnf?
awmfvSefa&; orm;rsm;om jzpfay ,ck ESpfonfvnf; jrefrmhEdkifiHa&; 5? woD;yk*~v udk,fpm;vS,frsm;onf toif;tzGJ@ udk,fpm;vS,frsm;avmuf pnf;aESmifr_tm; (0g)
onf? ppfAdkvfcsKyfrsm;. tqifjcifrJh wG i f t&S d e f t [k e f jyif ; xef a om pnf;urf;csK;d azmufr_ wpHw k &m usL;vGeyf gu wm0efc&H rnfh rdciftzG@J tpnf;r&So d jzifh woD;yk*v ~ ud, k pf m;vS,f ta&
a'gow&m;onf rnf r S s jyif ; xef wkdufyGJrsm; qufvufjzpfay: aeOD; twGuu f kd toif;tzG@J ud, k pf m;vS,f ta&twGu. f (4)yH/k (1)yHx k uf rausmf vGeaf p&?
onf qdkonfudk tqdkyg ppfAdkvfrSL; rnf [ k wif } ud K ed r wf zwf v d k u f 6? ygwt D zG@J tpnf;rsm;. vufatmufcH vli,f/ trsK;d orD;ponfh tzG@J tpnf;rsm;rS ud, k pf m;vS,rf sm;udk
onfvnf; rod&SdbJ aetHhrxifyg/ &ayonf? oD;jcm;a&G;cs,jf cif; rjyKbJ ygwu D ,kd pf m;vS,t f jzpfjzifo h m tcsK;d usyg0ifapvsuf xdyk gwt D zG@J tpnf; rsm;rS ay;yd@k oifo h nf?
7? wyfaygi;f pk. vrf;pOf/ vkyif ef;pOfrsm;udk csrw S &f mwGijf zpfap/ taumiftxnfazmf&mwGijf zpfap tzG@J 0if
tzG@J tpnf;tm;vH;k vdu k yf gEikd rf nfh tedrq hf ;kH bHv k yk if ef;pOfukd tajccH&rnf?
&ckdiftrsKd;om;owif;pm yl;aygi;f aqmif&u
8? wyfaygif;pkonf wyfaygif;pk tzGJ@0ifrsm;. qENoabmxm;ESifh tnDom tjcm;tzGJ@tpnf;rsm;ESifh
G o f nfh vGwv f yfaom tzG@J tpnf;jzpf&rnf? rnfonfh tzG@J tpnf;. vufatmufcH tjzpfjzifrh S &yfwnf
jcif; r&Sad p&?
t}uH a y;yk * ~ d K vf r sm; xk w f a 0onf h a e&m
vuf&w dS yfaygi;f pkwiG f yg0ifrnfh tzG@J 0iftzG@J tpnf;rsm; taejzifh rdrw d @kd . rl&o dS nfh trsK;d om;pnf;vH;k nDnw G f
ygarmuQa'gufwmat;ausmf xkdif;EkdifiH befaumuf+rdK@ a&; ar#mv f ifch suu f kd wdu k &f u kd af omfvnf;aumif;/ oG,0f u kd I f aomfvnf;aumif; zsuv f /kd zsuq f ;D jyKonf[k xifjrif,q l ygu
OD;cifarmif=unf &ck d i f t rsKd ; om;owif ; pm xdt k csed rf pS I ,ckvuf&dS ygwt D zG@J tpnf;a[mif;rsm;ESihf wyfaygi;f pktoGijf zifh yl;aygi;f aqmif&u G jf cif;udk rdrw d @kd u, kd w f ikd u
f
vSapm (James) uk d (6)vpm (ok d @ r[k w f ) uruxjyKEdkifonfhtcsdef (odk@) ‚if;wdk@udk,fwdkifu ,Hk=unfavmufonfh vkyf&yfrsm;jzifh tcdkiftrm oufaojyEdkif
t,f ' D w mcsKyf wpf E S p f p m twG u f (10) avmufonfh tcsed x f d &yfqikd ;f xm;rnf?
aX;0if; apmif E S i f h txuf 0,f , l vuf&dS tcsed x f d (ANC) ESihf ywfoufc=hJ uaom/ ywfoufae=uaom toif;tzG@J EiS hf woD;yk*v ~ rsm;.
tk y f c sKyf a &;rS L ; zwf & _ vk d o l r sm; pmwk d u f rS azmufv/JG azmufjyef vky&f yfrsm;udv k nf; jyif;xefpmG &_wcf s+yD; rsK;d qufopfrsm;od@k vufqifu h rf; ynmay;oGm;rnf?
aiG } ud K wif ay;yk d @ rS m +um; (ANC) ESihf ywfoufIvnf;aumif;/ ,cif wyfaygi;f pkqikd &f m udprP sm;ESihf ywfoufIvnf;aumif; tcsi;f csi;f
ckdifrsKd;cspfxGef;
Ek d i f y gonf ? ra=uvnfrr_ sm;&Syd gu tcsi;f csi;f aemufu, G rf mS oGm;ykyaf vvGirhf ajymqd=k ubJ odoifo h x d u kd of nfh Edik if aH &;/ awmfveS af &;
owif ; pk a qmif ; ol r sm; tiftm;pkrsm;t=um; ckid rf monfh tud;k tum;/ wdusonfh wm0efcrH j_ zifh pmxuftuQ&mwifI aqG;aEG; ajz&Si;f =u&ef
atmifjrifhodef; quf o G , f & ef t}uHjyKonf? A[k d t vk y f t r_ a qmif t zG J @
}udKifoef; ANN P.O Box (16) &ckdifjynfvkH;qkdif&mausmif;om;ESifhvli,frsm;tpnf;t&kH; (AASYC)
bom
Bang Bon pmrsuf E S m 1 tvk y f o rm;,m,D E k d i f i H u l ; vuf r S w f r S tquf
bapmwif
vludk w&m;r0if tvkyform;vdk h vwf w avm }uH K awG @ ae&aom wifjycJhjcif;wkd@uvnf; ,ckuJhodk@
tm;upm;ES i f h t jyif t qif P-O Bangkok,Thailand owf r S w f + yD ; zrf ; qD ; jyef y k d @ r,f / tcuftcJrsm;udk xdkif;EdkifiH twGif;&Sd xdkif;tpdk;&tzGJ@u jyefvnf pOf;pm;
zk d ; aZmf f 10151 arakannews@ vd&k if;uAsm azmifrwifxm;&if ouf tvkyform; tzGJ@tpnf;rsm; vkyf um ,m,DEdkifiHul;vufrSwf jyKvkyf
jzef @ csD a &; wrf; wdk;ray;bl;aygh” [kqkdonf? ief;&Sifrsm; NGO rsm; yl;aygif;um &ef azmifwif&rnfh aemufqHk;ae hudk
gmail.com ,m,D EdkifiHul; vufrSwf xdkif; tvkyform; 0ef}uD;Xmeodk@ a&$ @ ajymif ; ay;jcif ; jzpf o nf / rl v
vSat;armif(*syef)
Phone 0869368721 vk y f & ef trd e f @ xk w f j yef + yD ; onf h pmwif c J h = uonf ? ,if ; od k h z d t m; 2010 ckeSpf azz0g&Dv 28 &ufae@
atmifvGif(rav;&Sm;)
aemufydkif;wGif jrefrmtvkyform; ay;jcif;/ tpD&ifcHpmwifjcif;/ pmwrf; onf tvkyo f rm; vufrf w S f tm;vH;k
rsm;. pd k ; &d r f x d w f v ef @ r_ r sm;ES i f h wifjcif;/ ppfwrf;rsm; aumuf,lum oufwrf; ukefqHk;rnfhae hjzpfonf?
&ckdiftrsKd;om;owif;pmukdvpOfxkwfa0onf?
&ckid t
f rsK;d om;owif;pm Zefe0g&v
D 2010 ckEpS f twGJ (4) trSwf (1) pmrsufESm 5

&cdkfifrdom;pk (*syef) ESpfopful;c&D;xGuf NLD tr_aqmifaumfrwDopf wdk;csJ@zGJ@pnf;


atmifjrifhodef; 15 Zefe0g&D ygwDudk OD;aqmifEdkifr,fvdk@ xifw,f/
(NLD) u A[dk tvkyf CEC tzG J @ 0if j zpf v mwm yd k + yD ;
tr_aqmif aumfrwDwiG f tzG@J 0ifopf wm0ef } uD ; vmw,f v d k @ cH , l y g
9 OD;udk wdk;csJ hwm0ef ay;tyfvdkuf w,f”[kajymonf?
a=umif ; (14²1²2010) &uf a e@u wjynfvkH; twdkif;twm
xk w f j yef a=unmvd k u f a =umif ; jzifh ygwDnDvmcH rac:,lEdkifonfh
owif;&&Sd onf? ta=umif ; t&if ; trsm;tjym;
+yD;cJhaom 'DZifbmvu &Sad =umif;/ nDvmcH ac:,loifo h nf[k
OuU Ï OD ; atmif a &$ / twG i f ; a&;rª ; ,lqolrsm;&Sdaomfvnf; vkyfcGifh&r&
OD;vGif/ tzGJ@0if OD;vGef;wif wdk@onf raocsma=umif;/ ,if;tajctae
a':atmif q ef ; pk = unf E S i f h awG @ qk H wG i f ,ck u J h o d k @ vk y f a qmif & jcif ;
cJh=uonf? ,if;okd@ awG@qkH&mwGif jzpf a =umif ; / jypf w if a0zef r _
A[dk aumfrwDudk jyefvnf zGJ@pnf;&ef rsm;udkvnf; arSsmfvifhxm;a=umif;
a':atmifqef;pk=unfu ajym=um; ,if;u qufajymonf??
cJhonf? ,cktcg A[dkaumfrwD0if NLD acgif ; aqmif w OD ;
pkpkaygif; (20) OD;&SdoGm;+yDjzpfonf? jzpfol OD;0if;wifu“ygwD taeeJ@
wdk;csJ@zGJ@pnf;vdkufaom yk*~dKvfrsm;rSm a&G;aumufyGJrSm 0ifrygzkd@ a&G;cs,f
bom (*syef) 10 Zefe0g&D a'gufwm oef;+idrf;/ OD;tkef;}udKif/ cJ h r ,f qd k & if a wmif a&G ; aumuf y G J
&cdkifrdom;pk (*syef) . ESpfopful; c&D;pOfudk Zefe0g&Dv (1)&ufae@u oGm;a&muf cJ@=uonf[k od&onf? OD;0if;jrifh/ OD;xGef;xGef;[def/ a'gufwm t}udKeJ@ t+yD;umvtwGuf jyifqif
ESpfopful; umva&mufwdkif; rdrdwdk htcsif;csif; aysmfaysmfyg;yg; qHkawG@ Edkif&efESifh rdwfaqGopf rsm; 0if;Edkif/ OD;^m%f0if;/ OD;[Homjrifh/ zdk@ vdkygw,f/ wdkif;jynf&JΠjy\emeJ@
&&Sdap&efvnf;aumif; rdrdwdk htoif;tzGJ@ twGuf &HyHkaiG&&Sda&;twGuf vn;faumif; &nf&G,fI *syefa&muf &cdkif OD ; od e f ; nG e f @ / a'guf w mar0if ; jrif h pdefac:r_awGudk &ifqdkifwJh ae&mrSm
rdom;pkrsm;u c&D;xGufavh&Sd=ua=umif; c&D;pOf pDpOfol wOD;jzpfaom udkcifarmifxGef;u ,ckuJhodk h ajymonf? wdk@jzpfa=umif; od&onf? tqdkyg NLD &JŒCEC tzGJ@0if topf
“usaemfuawmh eSpfpOfqkdovkdygbJ c&D;vkdufjzpfygw,f? 'Dc&D;pOfu&&SdwJh tusdK;tjrwfawGukdvnf; yk * ~ d K vf tm;vH k ; onf 1990 a&G ; awG a =umif h yd k + yD ; awmh v_ y f & S m ;
usaemfw@dk u, dk uf sKd ;twGuf tok;H jyKwmr[kwyf gb;l uk, d ahf 'o? uk, d vhf rl sd K; zG@H +zdK; wk;d wufzt
hdk wGuf tok;H jyKwmjzpfvhdk aumuf y G J r S a&G ; cs,f c H trwf r sm; wuf=uG vmygvdrfhr,f” [k ajym
ukodkvfvnf;&? A[kokwvnf;&awmh pdwfxJrSm auseyf 0rf;ajrmufygw,f? tm;vkH;olukdvnf; 'Dxufru jzpf = u+yD ; Ed k i f i H a &; tusOf ; om; onf? 21 ESpf twGif; NLD ygwD
c&D;oGm;wkdif; vdkufygapcsifygw,f” [k qdkonf? a[mif;rsm;vnf; jzpf=uonf? taejzifh ppftpdk;&. zdESdyfr_a=umifh
ESpo f pfu;l c&DpOfwiG f vl(80) yg0if+yD; um;}uD; 2pD;jzifh TOBU WORLD SQUARE§ PEACE PAGODA A[dk aumfrwD0ifopf wOD; rsdK;quf jywfawmuf&onfh jy\
FROM GOTANTA odk o h mG ; a&mufc=hJ uonf? c&D;pOftwGi;f &cdik f xrif; [if;rsm; jzifah u|;arG;cJo h nf? ,if;c&D;pOfwiG f jzpf v mol OD ; ^m%f 0 if ; u emudk }uHKawG@cJh&onf? ,cif A[dk
yg0ifcJhol rat;at;EG,fu “orD;u *syefudka&mufwm r=umao;ygbl;/ tckvdk vltrsm;}uD;eJ hc&D;oGm;&wm “tiftm;yd+k yD;awmh &Sv d mr,f aygAh sm/ aumfrwD0if vl}uD; 11 OD;xJrS 6 OD;rSm
aysmf p &maumif ; ygw,f ? aemuf + yD ; qD ; ES i f ; azG ; azG ; awG e J h " gwf y H k & d k u f & wm t&rf ; =unf E l ; rd y gw,f ? c&D ; nD n D n $ w f n $ w f e J @ tif t m; &S d & S d usef;rma&; c|wf,Gif;vsuf &Sdonf?
pDpOfay;olawGudkvnf; aus;Zl;wifygw,f” [kajymonf?
owif ; ayguf = um;r_ j zif h
pnf;urf;rJhtr_dufypfolrsm;udk &efukefwGifzrf;qD; AdkvfrSL;0if;Edkifausmfwdk hudk ao'%fay;

ao'%f a y;cH & onf h A k d v f r ª ; 0if ; Ek d i f a usmf


}udKifoef; 7 Zefe0g&D
ppftpkd;&. vSsKdŒ0Suf owif;rsm; ayguf=um;r_a=umifh xdef;
odrf;xm;onfh ppfwyft&m&Sda[mif; Akdvfrª;0if;Ekdifausmfudk tif;pdef axmif
pnf ; urf ; rh J trd _ u f p G e f @ ypf o l r sm;a=umif h &ef u k e f + rd K @wG i f tr_ d u f r sm;tm;awG @ jrif & yk H
wGif (7²1²2010) &ufae@u ao'%f tjyif axmif'%f tESpf20 yg csrSwf
pdkif;aA'g 13 Zefe0g&D rvG,fbl;” [k ykZGefawmif +rdK he,f tawmfrsm;ygw,f 'gayr,hf jynfol vkdufa=umif; od&onf?
=o*k w f v 5 &uf a e@rS om;wOD ; u ajymonf ? trd _ u f awGuvnf; pnf;urf; r&dS=ubl;As? ,ck j ypf ' %f ay;cH & ol rsm;onf ppf t pk d ; &. vS s Kd Π0S u f
pwifum pnf;urf;rhJ trd_ufpGef@ypf jy\em ukd ajz&Sif;&ef wGef;vSnf;jzihf aocsmwmuawmh trdSKufodrf;pepf pDrHudef;rsm;jzpfonfh EsLuvD;,m; "mwfaygif;zkd pDrHudef;/ ajratmuf
r_rsm;ukd zrf;qD;ta&;,lvSsuf &dS&m trd_uf vkdufvH aumuf,lolrsm;ukd qdkwmudk pnfyifom,m udk,fwdkif vdk%facgif;rsm; azmufvkyfa&; pDrH udef;/ vSsKdŒ0SufoGm;a&muf+yD; vuf euf
4 vtwG i f ; tjypf a y; ta&;,l tm;ukd;ae&onf” [k oluqkdonf/ ud k u oabmrayguf jzpf a ewm? 0,f,lcJhonfh ajrmufukd&D;,m; c&D;pOf/ &k&Sm;/ tdENd, acgif;aqmif rsm;ESifh
cH&olaygi;f waxmifausmf &dcS o Jh nf[k “trd_ufypfcsif&if awmh +rd K @awmf 0 ef q d k v nf ; tvum;yJ ? vSsKdŒ0Suf aqG;aEG;cJhonfh rSwfwrf;rsm;ESifh ywfouf+yD; rD'D,m rsm;xH
ay: jyLvm *sme,fwGif azmfjyxm; wGef;vSnf;awGeJ@ trd_ufvmodrf;wJh ppf w yf u vmawmh bmrS o d r ,f r ayguf=um;cJhonfhtwGuf +yD;cJh onfhESpfu tzrf;cHcJh&jcif; jzpfonf? Akdvfrª;
onfukd awG &h onf? vl a wG & S d w ,f ? wcgvmod r f ; &if [kwfbl;? pepfudk aocsmavhvmyg/ 0if;Ekdifausmfonf &[wf,mOf ysufus+yD; uG,fvGefcJhol ppftpkd;& tzGJŒ
ay: jyLvm *sme,f. azmf ESpf&mavmuf ay;& w,f? 'ga=umifh usihfoHk;yg +yD;rS Oya' xkwfjyefyg? twGif;a&;rª;( 2 ) 'kwd, Akdvf csKyf}uD; wifOD;. ukd,fa&; t&m&SdESifh
jycsuf t& av;vtwGif; '%f&dkuf wGef;vSnf; orm;awGudkyJ odrf;cdkif; tck[m ajymif;jyef}uD;udk vkyfae=u axmufvSrf;a&; t&m&Sdtjzpf wm0ef ,lcJhol jzpfonf?
cH & ol 1199 a,muf & S d c J h + yD ; / jypf vdkufw,f” [k 4if;u qufvuf wm? trdSKufyHk;/ trdSKufum; aocsm ,cifu olESifhtwl ppf tpkd;&&kH; nGef=um;a&;rª;csKyf Akdvfrª; }uD;
'%fcH&olwOD;vSsif usyfaiG 10000 ajymqdkonf? tdrfwGifpkykHaeaom vHkavmufatmif rxm;yJeJ@ Oya' ausmaf usm0f if;yg tzrf;cHc&hJ +yD; Ekid if jH cm;a&; 0ef}uD;XmerS 0efxrf; wcsKd Œvnf;
ay;aqmif &rnf [ k od & onf ? trd_ufrsm;ukd aemufaz;vrf;=um; xkwf '%f&dkufae=uwmuvm;²²²? ta&;,lcH&r_rsm; &Sd a=umif; od&onf?
+rdKŒawmf tqifhjrifhwifa&; aumfrwD twGif; pnf;urf;rhJ pGef@ypfyguvnf; jrefrmjynf&Jh tpdk;& OD;aESmuf r&dSwm Akdvfrª;0if;Ekdifausmftm; ta&;ay: pDrHcsuftufOya' yk'fr 3 t&
u ta&;,lru _ dk OD;pm;ay; vkyaf qmif ta&;,l cH&zG,f&dSonf[k wmarG+rdK@ ydkxif&Sm;wmaygh” [kqdk onf? ao'%f/ tDvuf x¶Gefepf yk'fr 33§c t& axmif'%f 15 ESpf/ tpkd;&ESifh
aeaomfvnf; trd_ufykH;ESihf trd_uf cHwOD;u ajymonf? vl O D ; a& 6 oef ; ausmf oufqkdifaom pm&Guf pmwrf;rsm; ayguf=um;r_ yk'fr 6§3 t& axmif'%f
um;rsm; vk H a vmuf a &;/ trd _ u f okd@aomfvnf; +rdKŒawmf aexkdifaom &efukef+rdKŒwGif jzpfay: 2 ESp/f w&m;r0if Ekid if jH cm; aiGa=u;ukid af qmifr_ yk'rf 24§1 t& tvky=f urf;ESihf
tcsdefrSef odrf;qnf;a&;wkd@rSm tvGef pnfyif. trd_ufodrf;qnf;a&;pepf aeonhf trdu _ t
f cuftcJrmS wjznf; axmif '%f 3 ESpf pkpkaygif; ao'%fESifh axmif'%f tESpf20 udk &efukef
tm;enf;vsuf &do S nf[k &efuek +f rdKŒcH tvG e f tm;enf ; aeqJ jzpf a om jznf ; }uD ; rm;vmonf ? wk d ; wuf ajrmufykdif; c&kdifw&m;&kH;rS trdef@ csrSwfvkdufjcif;jzpfonf? tqkdyg tr_ESifh
rsm;uaxmufjy=uonf? a=umih f aemuf a z;vrf ; =um;&d S onh f Ek d i f i H r sm;wG i f vG e f c h J a om ywfoufI EkdifiHjcm;a&; 0ef}uD;XmerS Oa&mya&;&m Xme t}uD;wef;
“nbufrSmawmh trd_uf vlrjrifEkdifonhf ae&mrsm;/ aps;rsm;&dS ESpfaygif;rsm;pGmu usifhokH;chJonhf pma&;rsm; jzpfonfh ukdol&ausmf (c) atmifatmif udkvnf; ta&;ay:
od r f ; wJ h um;}uD ; wpD ; awmh um; acsmifusaom ae&mrsm;wGif trd_uf xkdokd@aom trd_ufypf enf;pepfukd pDrHcsuf tuf Oya' yk'fr 3 t& ao'%fESifh tDvufx¶Gefepf yk'fr 33§c
rSwfwdkif tem;rSm vm&yfxm;w,f? pG e f @ ypf r _ rsm;jym;vsuf & d S o nf [ k &efukefwGif usifhokH;Ekdif&ef twGuf t& axmif'%f 15 ESpf pkpak ygi;f ao'%f ESihf axmif'%f 15 ESp/f ukyd sepf ed (f c)
rSwfwdkifem;rSm um;awGvnf; &_yf qkdonf? A[ef;+rdK@e,frS udkrdk;Edkifu pwif ynmay;aejcif; jzpfonf[k ukdtpD;tm; tDvufx¶Gefepfyk'fr 33§c t&axmif'%f 15 ESpf toD;oD;
awmh trd_uftdwf}uD; o,foGm;zkd@ “tpd k ; & wm0ef r J h w m &mcd k i f E S K ef ; od&onf? csrSwfjcif; cHcJh&a=umif; od&onf?
&ckdiftrsKd;om;owif;pmukdvpOfxkwfa0onf?
&ckid t
f rsK;d om;owif;pm Zefe0g&v
D 2010 ckEpS f twGJ (4) trSwf (1) pmrsufESm 6
pmrsufESm 1 rStquf a*smf ' ef r S jref r mtvk y f o rrsm;
pd k ; &d r f x d w f v ef @ a=umuf & H G @ pG m aeae=u&
bapmwif 9 Zefe0g&D vl r sd K ; tcsif ; csif ; wvd k i f ; wnf ;
a*smf ' ef E d k i f i H +rd K h a wmf vkyf=uw,f? [kdwavmu tvkyf
trRef+rdK hteD;&Sd Century Miracle ta&;}uD;w,f qdk+yD; vlawGudk a&m
Co-Ltd txnfcsKyfpuf&HkrS jrefrm ypfw,f/usrwd@k u b*Fvm;a'h&fS oD&d
tvkyo f r (600) ausm. f aemufq;kH vuFmawGeJ htwlwlusw,f? olwdk@
taetxm;rSm tvGefw&m pdk;&drf u a,mufsm;av;awG qdkawmh usr
xdwfvef h pGmjzifh aexdkifae&a=umif; wd@k u rvkycf sib f ;l 'D 'DZikd ;f +yD;&if ud,
k @f
,ae ah e v h nfyikd ;f wGif tqdyk gpuf&rkH S vlrsdK; tcsif;csif; jyefwGJvkyfr,fvd@k
jrefrm tvkyforrsm;. ajymjycsuf h a jymae=uwmud k 'D u k v m;awG u
t& od&onf? em;nD;w,f bmnmeJ@ ajym&mu
Zefe0g&Dv (5) &ufae hu pjzpfwm/ at;jrwfpENmudk ukvm;u
jrefrm tvkyforav; rat;jrwf yg;oHk;csuf qifh&dkufypfwm tckxuf
pENmudk b*Fvm;a'h&Sf tvkyform; xd ylxl+yD; cHae&wkef;bJ? 'ga=umifh
rsm;u yg;&dkufojzifh jrefrmtvkyf usrwd@k ArmawGukd 'Duv k m; b*Fvm;
orav;rsm;u rauseyfI qENjy a'h & S f a wG u rw&m; csw,f q d k + yD ;
cJ h = uonf ? od k @ aomf tvk y f & S i f r S rauseyfvdk@ puf&Hku vl}uD;awGudk
yg;&dkufol b*Fvm;a'h&Sfrsm;udk rnfodk oGm;ajymw,f/ tJ'gudk ukvm;awG
hrSta&;r,lbJ jrefrmtvkyfor rsm; ucg;ywfawGeJ@&dkufw,f?uyfa=u;eJ@
udo k m tvkyq f if;&ef zdtm;ay;vSsuf ypfw,f? csnfvHk;awG pHkaewmbJ/
rav;&S m ;wG i f v0urS zrf ; qD ; xm;onf h jref r mtvk y f o rm;rsm; &S d o nf ? xd k p uf & H k r S b*F v m;a'h & S f pef;oDwm qdk&if cg;ywfeJ@ t&dkuf
rsm;uvnf; jrefrmrav;rsm;udk awG cH&vkd@ acgif;rSm ESpfcsuf csKyfvdkuf
oGm;wJh tvkyform;udk qufvuf tajccs aexdkifvSsuf&Sdonf? tvm;wl Arm'kuQonf honhfae&mY &efrlaeojzifh tvGef &w,f tjcm; vufawG ajcaxmuf
cef@xm;jzif;rSm wm;jrpfwJh vl0ifr_ rav;&S m ; tpd k ; &onf u,f q ,f a &;tzG J @ (BRO) &H k ; w&m pd;k &draf e&a=umif; jrefrmtvkyf awG emwJh vlawGvnf; trsm;}uD;
}uD;=uyfa&; Oya'udk ydkrdkem;vnf ,ck a =unmxm;onf h t wd k i f ; om wm0ef c H ud k a emif a emif u vnf ; or rtdtdcifu ajymonf? bJ ” [k q d k o nf ? yg;&d k u f c H & ol
oabmaygufzkd@ ,if;Oya'udk vdkuf trSefwu,f aqmif&Gufrnfqdkygu “tckawmif ylcsKef;bufrSm pzrf; “tck nDrwdk@udk vl}uD; at;jrwf p EN r S m &ef u k e f o l jzpf + yD ;
emzdk@ vdktyfa=umif;/ tcsdK htvkyf&Sif rav;&Sm;a&muf jrefrmrsm; taejzifh ae+yDAsm/ 'DrSm jrefrmawGuvnf; awGu tvkyfqif;zdk hac:cdkif;aew,f/ pef;oDwmrSm v_difom,m+rdK he,frS
awG u w&m;r0if tvk y f o rm; tvGefw&m qdk;&Gm;aom 'kuQrsm; tdkAmpaw;awG rsm;w,fav/ zrf;+yD t"duuswJh vl}uD;av;a,mufudk vma&muf tvk y f v k y f o l [ k od &
awG u d k ac:+yD ; 'D E d k i f i H r S m tvk y f tcuftcJrsm;ESifh &ifqdkif&rnfrSm a[h qdk&ifawmh awmfawmfrsm;rsm; ajymcdkif;xm;w,f/ tckolwdk@ av; onf?
ay;csifwJh apwemawG &Sdaea=umif; aocsma=umif; uGmvmvrfyl tajc tzrf ; cH = u&rJ h taetxm;rS m &S d a,muf r&Sdbl;? a&Smifae=uw,f/ xdk@a=umifh jrefrm tvkyf
,if;odk@ w&m;r0if tvkyform;awG pdu
k f jynfaxmifpk owif;pm xkwaf 0 w,f” [kqo kd nf? vl}uD;awG bmajymrvJ qdkwmudk orav;rsm;onf Zefe0g&Dv (6)
ud k tvk y f a y;xm;wJ h tvk y f & S i f ol udak tmifxeG ;f OD;u &cdik t f rsKd ;om; xdk hjyif rav;&Sm;&Sd &cdkfif nDrwdk@ apmifhaew,f? nDrwdk h buf Ak'<[l;ae@rS pwifum tvkyfrqif;
awG u d k v nf ; tjypf a y;&rS m jzpf owif ; pmod k @ ajymonf ? “tck 'k u Q o nf r[mrd w f r sm;tzG J h c sKyf uawmh ajymp&m bmrSr&Sdawmhbl;/ bJ rat;pEN m ES i f h tjcm;jref r m
a=umif;” xJo h iG ;f ajym=um;cJo h nf[k a=unmxm;wJt h wdik ;f om wu,fyJ (AAR) rS OuUX udkat;v_difu jyefr,fbJ ajymxm;w,f/ tvkyf&Sif rav;rsm;udk rw&m; tEdkifusifhol
azmfjyxm;onfudk awG h&onf? vlzrf;yGJ}uD; vkyfr,fqdk&if jrefrmEdkifiH ajymonf r S m “ 'D o wif ; a=umif h uawmh twif ; pn;f & H k ; aew,f ? b*F v m;a'h & S f r sm;ud k ta&;,l & ef
2004 ck E S p f t wG i f ; u om;awG[m tifrwef qdk;&Gm;wJh w&m;r0if jrefrm tvkyform;awG &efukefu at;*sifhuvnf; bmrS awmif;qdk aomfvnf; puf&Hktm%m
w&m;r0if Ed k i f i H j cm;om;rsm;ud k tcuftcJ 'kuQawGeJ h&ifqdkif&rSm tvGefw&m pdk;&drfae=uygw,f? 'Dvdk rqufoG,fvmbl;/ &efukefu rdb ykdifrsm;u ta&;r,lonfhjyif jrefrm
rav;&Jrsm;/ &vm (Rala) rsm; rvG J y gbl ;/ bmvd k @ vJ q d k a wmh tck zrf;r,fqdkawmh rav;&Sm;rSm tvkyf awG zkef;quf vmwmuawmh pnf; rav;rsm;ud k o m rD ; jzwf a&jzwf
tultnDjzifh v0urS zrf;qD;pOf awmif Camp ( w&m;r0if aexdkif vk y f a e=uwJ h jref r m'k u Q o nf a wG pd r f o pf u OD ; at;jrif h a*smf ' ef u d k *uf p f j zwf + yD ; tpm;taomuf
tzrf;rcH&atmif cufcufcJcJ ykef; olrsm;udk xdef;odrf;xm;wJhae&m) twGuf uawmh rvG,fawmhbl;aygh vmaew,fvdk@ ajymw,f/ cktcsdefxd jywf v yf a tmif vk y f y pf c J h o nf [ k
a&Smif aecJ&h yHu k kd bcifu “tJ't D csed f awG axmifawGrSm jrefrmEdkifiHom; tzrf;cH&vdk@ axmifawG/ uef hawGudk awmh b,forl S a&mufrvmao; bl;/ rtdtdcifu ajymonf?
u usaemfwdk h oli,fcsif; 5-a,muf awG[m qdk;qdk;&Gm;&Gm; cHpm;ae=u a&mufoGm;&ifvnf; jyefvGwfajrmuf jzpfEkdif&if tjrefqHk; vmay;=uyg? ,ck t usyf t wnf ; wG i f
pk + yD ; awmh w&m;r0if Ed k i f i H j cm; &w,f? jrefrmjynfudkvnf; jyefrydk@ zdk htcuftcJ trsm;}uD; &Sdaeygw,f? 'DrSm rdk;vif;&if a&rD;tukef ydwfypf pdk;&drfxdwfvef@pGm aexdkifae&aom
om;awG taeenf ; wJ h uG m vm hEdkif/ xGufvmvdk hvnf;r&eJ htJ'DrSm axmif / urf h a wG r S m e*d k u wnf ; w,f? tjyifvnf; rxGuf&Jbl; &Ju rES i f ; ES i f ; a0. rd c if a':wif w if
vrfyl+rKdŒ cs&yf{&d,m &yfuGufxJu a&m*ga=umifh '%frcHEdkifvdk haowm tzrf; cHxm;&wJh jrefrmEdkifiHom; vnf; a=umuf&w,f? b*Fvm; awG tkef;uvnf; “usrt&rf;udk pdk;&drf
10 xyfwdkuf txufqHk; txyfrSm awGvnf; c%c%bJ/ e*dk zrf;xm; awGawmif jyefrvGwaf jrmuf ao;bl; uvnf; ArmawGudkawG@&if vkyfr,f rdw,f/ usrorD;av;wdk@[m t&rf;
EdkifiHom; w&kwf wa,mufudk tul +yD;om; vlawGudkawmif r&Sif;xkwf av? tck x yf + yD ; zrf ; r,f q d k a wmh qdkwmcsnf;bJ/ a*smf'efrSm jrefrm 'kuQa&mufaewmudk zkef;qufajymjy
tnD awmif;+yD; tcef;wcef; iSg;cdkif; Ed k i f b J aemuf x yf zrf ; r,f q d k & if yd k q d k ; +yD a ygh A sm? ,l t ef u vnf ; tvkyform;&SdwJh puf&HkESpf&Hk&Sdw,f/ vdk@ usrtdyfvdk@vnf; r&bl;/ tJ'D
cJhw,f? ,if;tcef;xJrSmyif 2-vpm ydqk ;kd r,f? rav; tpd;k &bufuvnf; Armvl r sKd ; eJ @ &cd k i f vl r sKd ; awG u d k nD r wd k h p uf & H k u tmrcH a y;rJ h v l rSmu rde;f uav;awGcsn;f bJ qdak wmh
pm;euf&duQm odkavSmif+yD;au tjyif usef ; rma&; jyKpK apmif h a &S m uf r _ axmifawG urfah wGu xkwrf ay;bl;? r&Sdbl;” [kqdkonf? Edkifpm;wJh vlawGuvn;f tEdkifusifh
ud k vH k ; 0 rxG u f y J yk e f ; aecJ h = u& uvnf; Camp awG axmifawGrSm aemufwck ydkqdk;wmu axmifawG/ tqdkygpuf&HkwGif jrefrm csif = uwmaygh a v/ rd e f ; uav;
ygw,f” [kqdkonf? &vm (Rala) tifrwefnHhzsif;w,f” [kqdkonf/ urfhawGrSm usef;rma&; raumif;wJh tvk y f o rm; (600)xJ r S tvk y f wa,mufudk a,mufsm;}uD;awGu
qdo k nfrmS &yfuu G rf sm;wGi;f rS tvkyf rav;&Sm; EdkifiH&Sd uGefysL &cd k i f a wG / ArmawG u d k ,l t ef u orm; }uD;=uyfa&;rSL; (qlyg) tqif&h dS yg;&dkufwm? tm;udk&mrJh uav;r
vufrJhrsm;? rl;,pfaq;0g; orm;rsm; wm *dr;f qdik w f ckwiG f tvkyv f yk af eol 'kuQonf tjzpf todtrSwf rjyK ol av;a,muf&Sdonf? ,if;qlyg awGudk qufvuftEdkifusifh aewm
ponfwdk hjzifh zGJ@pnf;xm;aom tzGJ@ ud k x G e f ; uvnf ; “taetxd k i f wmu ydq k ;kd aew,f? tJ'aD eraumif; av;a,mufukd tvkyo f rm;rsm;tm; uawmh wpufrS rw&m;ygbl; usr
tpnf ; jzpf o nf / ,if ; tzG J @ onf toGm; tvm tawmhudk qifjcifrS jzpf a ewJ h x nf r S m HIV§AIDS tvk y f j yef q if ; &ef twif ; t"rR wd k @ orD ; av;awG u d k u,f a wmrl
jrefrmEdkifiHrS pGrf;tm;&Sif tzGJ@ESifh awmf & H k usrS m As/ 'D a umif a wG u vlemawG? ajcaxmuf azmha&mif zd t m;ay; apcd k i f ; aeaomf v nf ; l=uygvdk hbJ ajymyg&ap” [kqdkonf?
qif q if w l o nf ? &vmrsm;onf wu,f zrf;rSm/ olwdk hu zrf;&if aewJh vlemawGudk +yD;awmh wjcm; tvkyf orrsm;u rqif;[k wif;cHae a': wifwiftkef;onf rJaqmuf+rdK@
EdkifiHjcom; tvkyform;rsm; aexdkif nbuf u d k 0if 0 if z rf ; wwf w ,f ? a&m*gawG e J @ &if q d k i f a ewJ h ol a wG ojzifh qlygav;a,mufrmS a&Smifwrd ;f txnfcsKyf puf&HkwGif tvkyfvkyf
onf [ k ,l q aom &yf u G u f r sm;? usaemf wdk hvnf; tck tdk (Over trsm;}uD;&Sdw,f”[k ukdat;v_difu aeonf[k od&onf? vSsuf &Sdonf?
wdkufrsm;? tdrfrsm;xJodk@ 0ifvmum stay) jzpf a e+yD / ,l t J e f ajymonf? Zefe0g&Dv (4) &ufae hu tqdkyg puf&HkwGif jrefrm
Ed k i f i H o m; pd p pf a &; u'f u d k t&if (UNHCR) u'f udkifxm; ayrJh rav;&Sm; EdkifiHwGif jrefrm jzpfysufyHkESifh ywfoufI rESif;ESif;a0 jynfom; trsdK;om; tvkyform;
awmif;onf/ EdkifiHjcm;om;qdkvSsif vnf; pdwfrcs&bl;As/ tck Camp rsm;uJo h kd w
h &kw?f b*Fvm;a'h&/fS eDayg/ u ajymjy&mwGif “tpu usrwdk@ r&SdbJ rdef;uav;rsm;om &Sdonf[k
EdkifiHul; vufrSwfudk awmif;onf? awGxJrSm ,ltJeform;awG trsm; oD&dvuFm? tif'dkeD;&Sm; ponfh EdkifiH jref r m tvk y f o rawG [ m ud k , f @ od&onf?
ywfpydk@ jyEdkifoludk v$wfay;onf? }uD;bJ” [kajymonf? rav;&Jrsm; rsm;rS tvkyform;rsm;onf w&m;
tcsd K @ &vmrsm;u ywf p f y d k @ jyEd k i f onf ,ltJeform;rsm;udkyg zrf;qD; r0if vma&muf tvk y f v k y f u d k i f
oludkyif pcef;usrS &Sif;[k qdkum ojzifh ,ckuJhodk@ vlzrf;yGJ wu,f vS s uf & S d = uonf ? rav;&S m ;wG i f
ac:oGm;onfvnf;&Sdonf? 4if;wdk@ vkyv f sS if UNHCR wGif 'kuQonf EdkifiHjcm;om; tvkyform; 1 oef; 8
2009-2010
xJrS tcsdK haomolrsm;onf ypPnf; avSsmufxm; olrsm;rSmvnf; pdwfcs odef;&Sdonf[k the star wGifazmfjy wG i f
rsm;udk ,liifoGm;onfvnf; &Sdonf? vufcs aeI&rnf r[kwf[k olu xm;onf u d k awG @ &onf ? ,if ;
tzrf;cH&rnfudk pdk;&drfI xGufajy; qdkonf? 2004 ckeSpfwGif olonf txJwGif jrefrmtvkyform; 3odef;
tu,f'rDq&k &S&d ef
oludk olwdk@wGif ygvmaom wkwfjzifh w&m;0if ywfpydk Eh iS hf aexdik cf o hJ jl zpfI ausmf&Sd+yD; w&m;r0if jrefrm tvkyf emrnf}uD;aeonfh
t&dkufcH&olvnf; r&Sm;[k 4if;u bmrS rjzpf c J h a omf v nf ; ,ck orm; 1 odef; ESpfaomif; ausmf
qufajymonf? ,cktcg udkbcif t}udrfwGifrl rnfodk@ vGwfatmif &Sda=umifh tJef*sDtdkrsm;. cef hrSef;csuf
}uKd ;wef;&Sy&f iS u
f m;
onf tar&duefjynfaxmifpkwGif a&S m if w d r f ; &rvJ [ k pOf ; pm; t& od&onf?
aea=umif; ajymqdkonf?
&ckdiftrsKd;om;owif;pmukdvpOfxkwfa0onf?
&ckid t
f rsK;d om;owif;pm Zefe0g&v
D 2010 ckEpS f twGJ (4) trSwf (1) pmrsufESm 7
jrefrm tvkyform;rsm; twGuf tqifhjrifh acgif;jzwf owif;a=umifh
ynmoifausmif; csif;rdkifwGif zGifh+yD vlrsm;xdwfvef h
ynmoifausmif; csif;rdkifwGif zGifh+yD
0g;&SD;azm 30 'DZifbm
xdkif;EdkifiH csif;rdkif+rKdŒY jrefrm tvkyform;rsm; twGuf tqifhjrifh ynm oif=um;Edkif&efESifh udk,fydkif touf
arG;0rf;a=umif; jyKEdkif&ef twGuf Bridging Educational Access to Migrants (BEAM) trnf&Sd oifwef;ausmif;ukd
,ckZef0g&v D qef;ydik ;f wGif pwifziG v hf pS f ae+yDjzpfonf? ,if; oifwef; ausmif;wGif aygi;f ul;ynma&; (Bridging course)
ESifh toufarG;r_ ynm&yfrsm;udk oif=um;oGm;rnf[k od&onf? Bridging course wGif t*Fvdyf pm/ ocsFm/ pmayESifh
tEkynm/ vlr_a&; bmom/ ody`HbmomESifh (GED) ynma&;rsm; yg0ifrnf jzpf+yD; oufarG;r_ bmom &yfrsm;wGif 0bf'DZdkif;
wnfaqmufjcif;rsm;/ yHkESdyfvkyfief ESifh ywfoufaom ynm&yfESifh tyfcsKyf oifwef;rsm; yg0ifrnf[k OD;odef;0if;u
ajymonf?
Bridging course twGuf oifwef;csdef 2 ESpf=umrnfh jzpfonf? yxrESpfwGif t*Fvdyfpm/ ocsFm/ pmayESifh
tEkynm/ vlr_a&; bmomESifh ody`H bmom&yfrsm;udk oif=um; ydk@csrnfjzpf+yD; 'kwd,ESpfwGif (GED) twGuf
owfrSwfxm;onfh oif&dk;pmtkyfrsm;udk wdkuf&dkuf oif=um;ydk@csrnf jzpfonf? bmom&yf tm;vHk;udk t*Fvdyf
bmomjzifh oif=um;rnf jzpfonf?
“wcsdKŒvlawGu txufwef; ausmif;wuf+yD; xdkif;EdkifiHudk a&mufvmw,f? wcsdKŒuvnf; wuUodkvf
yxrESpf/ 'kwd,ESpfwuf+yD; 'Dbuf udk a&mufvmw,f? a&mufvmwJh tcgusawmh olwkd@ txufwef;ynmeJ@ zef i ES i f h zl ; uuf u d k jzwf u l ; &ef wnf a qmuf a eaom wH w m;
wuUokdvfynm qufwufEdkifzdk@uvkd aew,f? tckvdk vkdtyfvdk@ q&mwdk@awG wdkifyif+yD; 'Dausmif;udkzGifhzkd@
ajAmuftdk; (qlemrd wrefawmf) 15 Zefe0g&D
pOf;pm;vkdufwm” [k 'g&dkufwm OD;odef;0if;u {&m0wDodk@ ajymonf?
xkdif;EdkifiH awmifykdif; zefiESifh zl;uufudk jzwful;&ef wnfaqmuf
oifwef;csdefukd eHeuf 8em&DrS ae@v,f 11em&Dtxd wcsdef/ nae 5em&DrS n 8em&Dtxd wcsdef [lI 2
aeaom wHwm; wcktwGuf vlO;D acgi;f 100 ukd jzwfI ,Zfyal Zmfrnf[al om
csdef owfrSwfxm;+yD; Bridging course twGuf pkpkaygif; oifwef;om; 40 wufa&mufcGifh &Sdonf[k od&onf?
aumvm[va=umifh vkyfief;cGifokd@ oGm;a&muf&ef pkd;&GHŒae=uonf[k
xdik Ef ikd if H csi;f rdik f +rdKŒ&Sd jrefrm tvkyo f rm;rsm; twGuf tajccHynm tqifh oif=um;ay;onfh oifwef; ausmif;om&S+d yD;
xkda'o&dS jrefrm tvkyform;rsm;u ajymonf?
txufwef; ynmESifh wuUodkvfynm qufvufoif=um;&ef qEN&Sdaom ausmif;om;rsm;twGuf tqdkygausmif;
xkdokd@ ,kH=unfae=ujcif;rSm rSm;,Gif;aea=umif;/ tvkyfqif;&ef
zGifhay;&ef vkdtyfa=umif; OD;odef;0if;uajymonf?
xdwfvef@pdk;&drf ae=uaom tvkyform;rsm;twGuf vkH+cKHa&; ,lay;rnf
“jrefrmjynfrSmqdk&if ydkufqH trsm;}uD;ay;rS wufcGifh&w,fav? tck 'DvkdrsdK; tcGifhta&; awG &wJhtwGuf
jzpfa=umif; zefic&dik f &Jwyfz@GJ rS &Jr;ª }uD;wOD;u xkid ;f Ekid if H trSwf 7 &kyjf rifo=H um;
t&rf;0rf;omygw,f? tckvkd@ jrefrm tvkyform;awGudk tjrif us,fvm atmif ulnDay;wJh q&m/ q&mrawG&SdwJh
Xmeokd@ ajymonf?
twGufvnf; t&rf;yDwd jzpfw,f” [k Bridging course wuf&ef pdwf0ifpm;aeaom csif;rdkifnaps;&Sd
“'D owif;awGeJ@ ywfouf+yD; usaemfwkd@ pkHprf;aeygw,f/ 'gayr,fh
pm;aomufqdkifwqdkifwGif tvkyfvkyf aeonfh vDql; wdkif;&ifom; udktav;u ajymonf?
acgif;jzwfcH&whJ vlawGukdrawG@ygbl;/ tvkyform;awGukd tvkyfyHkrSef jyefvkyf
=uygvkd@ wkdufwGef;xm;w,f” [k tqkdyg &Jrª;}uD;u &Sif;jyonf?
tqdkygwHwm;rSm zl;uufESifhzefi=um;udk jzwfaqmufxm;aom
wHwm;}uD;ESpcf =k um;wGif topfwnfaqmufxm;aom wHwm;jzpfonf? ,if;
aumv[vrsm;onf zl;uuf/ zefi/ pl&XmeD/ &aemif;/ csKHazmf tp&Sdaom
+rdK@rsm; wGif jyef@EahHS ea=umif; tqkyd g teD;&Sd xefE&kH mG wGif aexdik o f l udn k o D ed ;f u
ajymonf/ “ zl;uufeJ zh efiudk jzwf+yD; qufo, G x
f m;wJh wHwm;ESpcf =k um;xJrmS
tck wHwm;topfwck xyfazmufaew,f? tJ'DwHwm;+yD;ajrmufzdk hqdk&if
jrefrmvlrsKd ;acgi;f w&m ,Zfyal Zmf&r,fqw kd hJ aumv[v xGuv f mvdk t h vkyf
orm;awG tvkyfrqif;&J=ubl;/ txl;ojzifh nbufawG rSm tvkyfqif;&wJh
&mbm+cHuvlawGu ydka=umuf=uw,f/ pdwfcsvufcs rtdyf&J=ubl;/ 'D
owif;q;d}k uD; xGu+f yD;wJah emuf ao=uwmawGawmh=um;w,f/ 'gayrJh vlawG
ajymaeovdkrsdK; wHwm;twGuf ,ZfylaZmfzdk@ jzwfwmawmh r[kwfygbl;/ zefi
c&kdifu &mbm+cHwckxJrSm 18 ESpft&G,f aumifrav;wa,muf towf
cH&wm&Sdw,f? aemuf xvrk&GmrSm a&csL;wa,muf towfcH&w,f? wuGrf
yg+rdK he,f +cdcwfrSm towfcH&vdk haowm&Sdw,f? tJ'Dvlowfr_awG[mvnf;
'Dww H m;eJ rh qdik bf J jrefrm tcsi;f csi;f owfjzwfwmomjzpfw,f” [k qdo k nf?
tcsdK hu rnfonhfae&mwGif acgif;jzwfxm;cJhonf/ acgif;udkjzwf+yD;
bwf 15000 xm;cJhonf ponfjzifh aumv[vrsm;pGm jzpfyGg;aeonf?
xdak umv[vrsm; a=umifh jrefrmtvkyo f rm;rsm; pd;k &drx f w
d v f ef &h =dS uonf?
xdkodk hra&r&maom aumvm[vrsm;udk pdwf0ifwpm;ajymqdkaeyHkudk
zluuf+rdK yh gawmifwiG af exdik o f l rrGeaf v;uvnf; “usrwdk yh gawmifrmS vnf;
ajymae=uwm trsKd ;rsKd ;bJ/ rESi;f qD yef;&Hq'kd rf mS jzwfomG ;wm 3 acgi;f awmifw/hJ
tJ'q D 'kd u
f vlawGukd ar;=unhaf wmhvnf; b,forl rS od=ubl;/ wjcm;&yfuu G f
rSm aewJhvlawGu ygawmifrSm acgif;jzwfcH&w,fwJh ygawmifuvlawGu
wjcm;&yfuGufu vlawG acgif;jzwfcH&w,fwJh b,fbkef;}uD;ausmif;rSm
b,fESpfavmif; &_d@vdkuf+yDwJhaygh &SyfaewmyJ r[kwfwmawG b,folu
Bridging Educational Access to Migrants ausmif;wGif uGefjyKwmESifh t*Fvdyfpm oif=um;aeykH owif;pvGwfaewmvJrodbl;”[k rrGefav;u ajym=um;cJhonf?

&ckdifvli,f 11 OD; trludk ,ae@wGif jyefvnf


ppfaq;rnf DVB owif;axmufrvSvS0if;
rif;qufckdif(ed&OP&m) 13 Zefe0g&D
pGyfpGJcsuf trsdK;rsdK;jzifh zrf;qD;cHae&aom &cdkifvli,f 11OD; trludk ,aeŒ Ak'<[l;aeŒwGif jyefvnf &Hk;wif axmif'%ftESpf 20 csrSwfcH&
ppfaq;rnf[k od&onf? pdkif;aA'g 9 Zefe0g&D zrf;qD;jcif;ukd cHcJh&onf?
trludk wevFmaeŒu ppfaq;&mwGif vli,f 11 OD;udk w&m;pGJqdkol 'k-&Jtkyf oef;pdk;udk tif;pdefaxmifxJ&Sd 'Drdku&ufwpf jrefrmhtoH jrefrmEdkifiHonf owif;
taemufydkif; c&dkif w&m;&Hk;u pwif ppfaq;cJhonf[k owif;&&Sdonf? tqdkyg trlwGif oufao 24 OD;udk DVB owif;XmerS owif;axmuf orm;rsm;ukd zrf;qD;axmifcsonfh
wevFmaeŒESifh Ak'<[l; aeŒrsm;wGif wywf (2) }udrfeKef;jzifh ppfaq;oGm;rnf jzpfonf? rvSvS0if;ukd 'DZifbm 31 &ufae@u ae&mY zdESdyfcsKyfcs,fr_ tqdk;qHk; 5
,aeŒaeŒvnf 1 em&DwGif w&m;pGJqdkol 'k&Jtkyf oef;pdk;udk qufvuf ppfaq;rnf jzpfonf? tqkdyg ppf t pd k ; &u axmif ' %f E S p f 20 EdkifiH pm&if;xJwGif yg0ifaea=umif;
&ckdifvli,f 11 OD;udk jynfy tajcpdkuf ausmif;om; tzGJΠtpnf; wckjzpfaom &ckdifjynfvHk; qdkif&m ausmif;om;ESifh csrSwfvdkufa=umif; od&onf? tar &duefEdkifiH tajcpdkuf pme,f
vli,frsm; tpnf;t&Hk; (AASYC) ESihf qufoG,fonfh toif;tzGJΠyk'fr-7 ESifh w&m; pGJxm;ouJhodkΠxdk txJrS rvSvS0if;onf touf Zif; orm;rsm; tum tuG,af y;a&;
wcsdKŒukdvnf; wjcm; yk'fr rsm;jzifh w&m;pGJqdkxm;onf? 25 ES p f t &G , f & S d vl i ,f o wif ; tzGJŒ(CPJ)u vGefcJhonfh 'DZifbm
tqdkyg vli,frsm;xJrS udkatmifpHodef;/ udkcdkifausmfrdk; tygt0if vli,f 6OD;udk yk'fr 13§1 jzifh axmuf wOD;jzpfonf? vGefcJhonfh vqef ; yk d i f ; Y xk w f a zmf a jym=um;
e,fpyfjzwfausmfrl/ AASYC tzGJŒtpnf;ESifh qufoG,frl ponfh trl (2) ckjzifh w&m;pGJqdkxm;onf? xdktxJrS ESpf pufwifbm vqef;ykdif;wGif olr cJhonf?
udkedkifpdk;(c) rJvHk;udk azgufcGJ rlESifhvnf; w&m;pGJqdkxm;onf? onf rauG ; wd k i f ; yck u U L +rd K Œ&S d owif ; axmuf r sm;uk d
zrf;qD;cH &ckdifvli,f 11 OD; xJwGif yk¾m;u|ef;u udkatmifrdk; aZmf/ udkausmfpHodef;/ bl;oD;awmif +rdKŒrS omoemh 0dykv&mr ygVd wuUodkvf zrf ; qD ; axmif c sonf h tqd k ; qk H ;
armifEdkifpdk;/ armifawm+rdKŒrS udkckdifausmfrdk;/ udkausmf0if;/ ppfawG +rdKŒrS udkxGef;vif;ausmf/udkedkifpkd;/ ukdatmifpHodef;wdkŒ ausmif;wdkufodk@ owif;,l+yD; tjyef Edik if rH sm;rSm w&kw/f tD&ef/ usL;bm;ESihf
yg0ifonf? tqdkyg 11 OD;pvHk;udk 'k&Jtkyf oef;pdk;rS w&m;vdk tjzpfjzifh w&m;pGJqdkjcif; jzpfjyD; a&SŒae OD;at; odef;/ vrf ; Y a'ocH tm%myd k i f r sm;. jrefrmEdkifiHwdk@jzpfonf?
a&SŒae OD;armifarmifvwfESihf a':oDwmrrwdkŒu a&SŒaetjzpf vdkufyg aqmif&Guf ay;rnfjzpfonf [k od&onf?
&ckdiftrsKd;om;owif;pmukdvpOfxkwfa0onf?
&ckid t
f rsK;d om;owif;pm Zefe0g&v
D 2010 ckEpS f twGJ (4) trSwf (1) pmrsufESm 8

udkvdkeDvufa[mif;ESifh qufvuf raygif;azmf =uapvdkyg


ESpo f pfrmS 'Dru
awmfom; taygif;wdk@tm; r*Fvm
kd a&pD buf
ta0;a&muf oHwrefwOD; AdkvfcsKKyfrSL;}uD; oef;a&$. udkvdkeD
e,fcsJ hvkyf&yfrsm;u ydkIydkI qdk;0g;
taygif; canmif;+yD; om,m0 ajym vmaejyef y gonf ? +id r f ; csrf ; a&;
ap&ef qkawmif;arwWm ydk@o vdkufyg ,lxm;aom udk;uef he,fudkyif ppf
onf? tm%m&S i f r sm;. ud k v d k e D e ,f y ,f
ESpfa[mif;jzpfonfh 2009 tjzpf vufeuf tm;udk;jzifh wdkuf,l
ckESpf wESpfvHk;udk jyefvnfoHk;oyf cJyh gonf? wjcm;+idr;f csr;f a&; vkyx f m;
=unhfygu tedÏm&Hkrsm;om jrefrm aom wdik ;f &if;om; vufeufuikd f tzGJ
jynfwGif;wGif wck+yD;wck jzpfay:aeI hrsmudkvnf; +rdK hapmifh/ &Gmapmifh/
pdwfcsrf;ajrhp&m wuGufrS rawG@& jynfapmifh ppfacG;rsm;tjzpf odr;f oGi;f
rjrif & yg/ trsd K ;om; acgif ; aqmif aejyefygonf?
a':atmifqef; pk=unftm; aetdrf Arm vlrsdK;rsm;om oD;oD;
tus,fcsKyfjzifh csK@yfaESmif xm;&mrS oef h o ef h ppf A d k v f c sKyf } uD ; rsm;
rw&m;ojzifh tr_qifum axmif jzpf a eaom wyf r awmf }uD ; onf
'%ftjypf csrSwfvdkufaom rdkuf&dkif; vnf; wdkif;&if;om; jynfe,frsm;wGif
r_ u d p P / u&if E S p f o pf u l ; yG J a wmf tqrwef wyfr}uD; wyf&if;}uD;rsm;
wGifyif AHk;cGJum u&if u&if tcsif; csxm;vSsuf &Sdygonf? Armppfom;
csif; owfjzwfoa,mif pGyfpGJ ajymqdk rsm;onfvnf; vufeufudkif wkdufyGJ
jcif;onfvnf; tvGef htvGef tpdk;& 0if&ef wm0efomru vufeufryg
w&yftaejzifh rkdufwGif;eufovdk Avm udk,fxD;jzifh vlrsdK;}uD;u vlrsdK;
jzpfaeygonf? i,fudk 0g;rsdKaeonfh udkvdkeDe,fcsJ
wdkif;jynf zGH@+zdK;wdk;wuf hvkyf&yfrsm;udk jyKvkyfa&; wm0efudkyg
rat;oE Wma0 / udk0if;armifodef; / OD;cifarmif=unf (ta0;a&muf oHwrefwOD;) / udkausmfaev xrf;aqmif ae=u&ygonf? tckdifrm
a&;eJ@ trsdK;om;jyefvnf oifhjrwf
a&; twGuf urBmh ukvor*~ tzGJ h &Sdaumif; &SdEdkifygonf? &cdkifordkif;ESifh ,l x / jynf t if ; 0od k h / yg&vD j im;/ xuf ydkuJ+yD; udkvdkeDvufa[mif; qH k ; Oyrmwck o m wif j yygrnf ?
csKyf } uD ; tygt0if Ed k i f i H w umu rGefordkif;rsm;u &ifemp&myif jzpfyg vla,musm;f ESi/hf rjym;rSex f / vlrrd u R /kd AdkvfcsKyfrSL;}uD; oef;a&$onf u&if? &cdkifjynfe,f &aohawmif+rdK he,f
a':atmifqef;pk=unfESifh wuG EdkifiH onf? bdk;awmfarmif0dkif; odrf;ydkuf &G D = unf h c D a omf / ES p f o d e f ; ausmf . / ucsif/ u&ifeD/ &Srf;/ csif;/ rGef/ ArmESifh aus;&Gm (8) &GmrS Armppfom; pGef@ypf
a&; tusOf;om;rsm;udk v$wfay;&ef cH&pOfu ynm&Sirf sm;u a&;zGJ ch ahJ om =um;aomf j rif c g/ a=umuf z G , f o m &cdkifvlrsdK;rsm; tay: &ufpufrif;rl cH&ol ppfom;r,m;a[mif; (210) OD;
awmif;qdkcsufvnf; udkvdkeD vuf “r[m0d[DuH armfuGef;vuFm” udk wnf ; / 'G g &moH w G J / +rd K h & rf ; +AJ E S i f h / aeI wurBmvHk;uyif jypfwif&_wfcs &S d a eygonf ? 14²06²2009 ae
a[mif;}uD; Adv k cf sKyfrLS ;}uD; oef;a&$u atmuf w G i f rl & if ; twk d i f ; azmf j y jrpfxJ0ef;ajrmif/ u|ef;rmefatmifY/ cHae&ygonf? h e d & OP & m owif ; / bcif r &S d a om
vHk;0 tav;xm;onfudk rawG h&yg/ ygrnf? “r[d&efol/ zufrjyLom;/ zrf ; aES m if c sd K if v S s if ; / ,l v D j cif ; ud k / ud k v d k e D vuf o pf o nf uav;rsm; pm&if; raumuf&ao;yg/
2010 jynf h E S p f (62) ES p f a jrmuf oH k ; vl x G É f x m;/ jrwf b k & m;./ owif;pum;/ em;om=um;./ rSwf udkvdkeD vufa[mif; AdkvfcsKyfrSL;}uD; wjcm; jynfe,f rsm;wGifvnf; vl
vG w f v yf a &;ae@tcrf ; tem;od k @ udk,fpm;&kyf0g/ ajcmufa&mifjzmI/ om;wxpf/ &GDwGufppfI/ wpf ESpf oHk; avmuf qdk;oGrf;ydkifcGifh r&Sdawmhyg/ tcsif ; csif ; arwW m oabmjzif h
EdkifiHt}uD;tuJ wOD;taejzifh ay;ydk r[mrk e d / bk & m;}uD ; ud k / n$ w f + yD ; av;/ pmES i f h a&;+yD ; / yD ; ol r [d ? AdkvfcsKyfrSL;}uD;u udkvdkeDvufopf r[kwfbJ 0g;rsdKr_ rsm;pGm &Sdaeygonf?
haom o0%fv$mwGif “wdkif;&if;om; aumfa&mf/ &SdylaZmfI/ yifhac:+yD;rS/ jzpfvDbdjcif;/ ZD0docF g/ ,HkrSm;umjzifh/ [kqdkonfh EdkifiHrsm;onf vlxkudk vlrsdKrS vlrsdK;aysmufonfh pepfudk
jynfol w&yfvHk;onf udkvdkeDe,fcsJ@ &uQ y l & / eef ; ra'0D / ra[oD ES i f h / qdk&mpum;/ us,f0ef;vsm;.? oD=u tajcjyKxm;=uonf h 'D r d k u a&pD awmh jynfaxmifpk wdkif;&if;om;
vufopfwdk@. tE W&m,fudk tpOf tnD,\/ &Harmif;rudk/ ,l=upkay/ taumif/ zl;zl;a&mifrsS / ykyaf [mifepH mG / EdkifiHrsm;jzpfum Oya' pdk;rdk;r_&Sd=uI tcsi;f csi;f rusio hf ;kH oifyh g/ at;twl
t+rJ owd p G J v S s uf rS e f u ef o nf h aqmif,lav./ oifheDXme/ &yfa'o &kyfcE<mudk/ umumvif;'/ odef;pGef ppftm%m&Sifrsm;avmuf igwaum yltrSs OruGJodkufrysuf aumif;wl
trsdK;om;a&; rl0g' xufoefonfh Y/ apmifhx+yD; cdkif/ vufeufudkif&dk h/ rSonf? cGD;up vSsuf/ usm;opf0uf&dk raumEdkif=u awmhyg? ol h=oZm/ qd k ; buf vuf w G J v S s uf aexd k i f c J h
rsdK;cspf pdwf"gwfwdk@jzifh trd jrefrm tEdkifjyKvSsif;/ &Jrufcsif;./ +rdK hwGif; h/vk,ufzefzef/ pm;=u[efudk/ usefvl ol@0g'/ ol hypPnf;/ ol htwwfynm/ =uonfh jynfaxmifp}k uD;wGif Ovnf;
Ed k i f i H a wmf } uD ; xm0& t"G e f @ &S n f rSefom;/ +rdK hjyifrsm;ESifh/ wdkif;um;&yf trsm;/ jrifvDjim;rl/ bk&m; w&m;/ enf;ynmrsm;udk v$rf;rdk;atmifom uGJ odkufvnf; ysufaeyg+yD/ &cdkif
wnfwHh cdkif+rJ zGH@+zdK; wdk;wufapa&; XH/ em*&H[k/ EdkifiHtaygif;/ awmf+rdK oHCmrsm; tm;udk;+yD;cg/ jrnfwrf; vkyfydkifcGifh &Sdygawmhonf? ppfAdkvf vli,f vl&, $ rf sm;yif OuGo J u kd yf suI f
twGuf qufvuf azmfaqmif=u& ha[mif;Y/ ykef;atmif;eDjim;/ &cdkif ygI/ id k c g&G D & G w f / ezl ; owf o nf ? wrwfom; yg&Sdaom ppftm%m&Sif jynfyEdkifiHrsm;wGif vlaygif; wodef;
rnf” [k azmfjyxm;I wa=umif;/ om;ud k / a,musf m ; rd r R / rvG w f &if z wf v uf w if / cwf w D ; wnf ; ” 'D r d k u a&pD r sd K ;ud k b,f t&if ; &S i f ausmfrSs a&$ hajymif; vkyfom;b0
'DZbFmv (31) &ufae@onf &cdkif &atmif / csd K if a ES m if w ef ; vef ; / &mZ0if u ajymjyaom ud k v d k e D Ed k i f i H w G i f r S jyKvk y f I r&awmh y g? usa&mufvSsuf &Sdaeygonf? Arm
vlrsdK;rsm;. &cdkifbk&ifh EdkifiHawmf. u|JEGm;zrf; odk@ vdkif*kwfudkjzwf/ toD a[mif;rsm;. vkyf&yfrSefyif jzpfyg jref r mEd k i f i H om;rsm;onf v nf ; tygt0if wjcm; wd k i f ; &if ; om;
tcsKyftjcm tm%m pGef@v$wfcJh& owf . // acsmrG w f & l y / rd r R v S u m;/ onf? AkdvfcsKyfrSL;}uD;xuf ynm tajrmf rsm;vnf; jynfajy;b0 usa&muf
aom 225 ES p f a jrmuf a e@ tcrf ; yOPtm&Hk/ umr*k%fjzifh/ jrL;xl;pdrfhiSg/ AdkvfcsKyfae0if;. tm%m tjrif &S d = uol r sm; jzpf a eyg+yD / vSsufrSm ESpfoef;ausmfrSs &Sdaeyg+yD?
tem;rsm;ES i f h wd k u f q d k i f I u wpf ,l = uyg./ ol e mol t k d ? usd K ;uef ; &Sif rsKd ;quf Adv k cf sKyfrLS ;}uD; oef;a&$EiS hf r_dif;wdkufIr&awmhyg? Armtpd k ; & ud k v d k e D a[mif ; }uD ;
a=umif;/ udkvdkeDe,fcsJ hta=umif;udk ud k u m;/ rvd k y d w f x m;/ wd k u f v k y f uk e f ; abmif r if ; quf Armbk & if udkvdkeDpepf wdkufzsufa&; rsm;onf udk,fpD;onfhjrif; txD;rSef;
a&;om; wif j y&ef qEN a y:ayguf jim;I/ oG i f ; xm;tjynf h / ,rf ; qD bd k ; awmf armif 0 d k i f ; wd k @ . ud k v d k e D wdk hta&; +AdwdoSs e,fcsJ htpdk;&. trrS e f ; rod & S d b J ud k v d k e D b 0u
vmcJhygonf? xnfhvSsuf/ ajrhajrhnuf}uD/ rD;wdkuf vufa[mif;wdk h. yDyDoo rdkuf&dkif; ud k v d k e D u|ef b 0u vG w f a jrmuf vGwfajrmufa&; udpPwGif q&m}uD;
ud k v d k e D e,f c sJ h v uf a [mif ; pD./oDvDr=uGif;/ vlcyif;&dk h/ csif;csif; &ufpufr_ rsm;onf xyfwlxyfrSsyif cJhonfrSm ESpfaygif; (62)ESpfyif &SdcJh+yD; vkyfcJhyHk wcsdK hudk azmfjyygrnf?
bd k ; awmf a rmif 0 d k i f ; ES i f h bk & if & l ; EGD;EGD;/ ,ed rGD;om;/ om;xGD;om;i,f/ jzpfygonf? AdkvfcsKyfrSL;}uD; oef;a&$ jzpfygonf? ArmjynfwGif vufw urB m h uk v or*~ tzG J @
Ad k v f c sKyf r S L ;l } uD ; oef ; a&$ w d k @ . EkEki,f&dk h/ +yHK;&,f&$ifbd/ r,frodukd/ taejzifh bdk;awmf armif0dkif;xuf qkyfpmrSsom vlOD;a&&Sdaom EdkifiHa&; }uD ; . ud k v d k e D p epf yaysmuf a &;
vk y f & yf r sm; rG D ; rd x H r S / ,l + yD ; rS v S s if / vuf E S i f h vufoH ajymifaeonfrSm ”bk&m; orm;a,mifa,mif rsdK;cspf jynfcspf aumifpD OuUX Armudk,fpm;vS,f
&ckdifbk&ifhEdkifiHwGif 0wD ud k i f a jrS m uf / aumif ; uif a &muf r S / om;awmf bkef;}uD;tavmif;? zl;zl; ppfonfawmf a,mifa,mif a,mif jzpfcJhpOfu urBmh ukvor*~ tzGJ@
(4)&yf&Sdygonf? "n0wD arC0wD atmufuwzef/ "g;udkvSefI/ cHjyef a&mifrSs/ ykyfa[mifeHpGm/ a& ajrmif; ajcmuf q,f o rm;rsm; tk y f c sK@yf }uD;wGif rvGwfvyf ao;aom jynf
&rRm0wDESifh 'Gg&m0wDwdk hjzpfygonf? +yD;um/ jyKonfrSm a=umifh/ usum xJwGif/ awG@jrif&onfh” jzpf&yfyif vmcJhonf rSmvnf; ESpfaygif;(62) e,frsm; apmifha&Smuf umuG,fa&;
&cd k i f E d k i f i H "n0wD u d k omru rvG J / &J & J o G D ; puf / tl u xG u f . / jzpfygonf? ES p f & S d c J h + yD ; jzpf y gonf ? ygvD r ef 'D r d k aumifpD (odk@) ukdvdkeDpepf yaysmuf
uarBmZ/ uE Wm&0wD/ &mrnESifh wcsuf + rD Y / vS H u d k p d k u f I / cH v d k u f bd k ; awmf a rmif 0 d k i f ; rS m ua&pD acwf[kqdkaom zufqpfqef a&; aumifpD United Nations
O\mEd k i f i H r sm;ud k v nf ; aemuf r S wHusif/ zifu0if./ ESpfvdkaysmfyg;/ bk&m;om;awmfrsm;udk rowfcJhyg? husifa&;ESifh jynfol hvGwfajrmufa&; Trusteeship Counci aumifpq D +kd y;D
ay:onfh Armbk&ifrsm;u udkvdkeD vifr,m;udk/ aygif;=u twl/ rxm; bkef;}uD;ausmif;wdkufrsm;udk 0ifrzrf; wyfOD; (z²q²y²v) tpdk;& tkyfcsKyfol &S d a eygonf ? tqd k y g aumif p D u d k
jyKvkyfcJhjcif;onf ordkif;wGif trSef rl b J / qG J , l & d k u f o wf / em;}ud K ; cJhyg/ ouFef;rsm;udk twif;rc|wfcJhyg/ vlwef;pm;udkvnf; udkvdkeD vuf 1945 ckESpfuyif zGJ hpnf;cJhygonf?
wu,f &Scd o hJ nfh tjzpftysurf sm;yif wyfvSsuf/ yl;jyGwfcsdKifaESmif/ =uufudk r,foDv&Sif rsm;udkvnf; tusOf; a[mif;}uD;rsm; pm&if;xJhoGif; azmfjy ,ck v uf & S d OuU X onf jyif o pf
jzpfygonf? wu,fjzpfysufcJhonfh avSmifodk h/ yHkaqmifyrm/ ,l=uyg./ rcscJhyg/ Arm Arm tcsif;csif; AdkvfcsKyf &jcif;rSm &cdkifbk&ifhEdkifiHESifh rGefbk&ifh EdkifiHom; rDcs,fvf'lvdk hpf Michel
tjzpf tysufordkif; (History as rsm;pG m cG w f x pf / owf I ypf v S s uf / rSL;}uD;avmuf ESdyfpuf =urf;=uKwf+yD; EdkifiHrsm;udk u|efjyKxm;+yD; jynfe,f Duelos jzpf+yD; 'kwd, OuUXonf
event ) ESifh wu,fjzpfysufcJhonfh tcspf0goem/ r[dygjim;/ ysLatmuf owf j zwf nS O f ; qJ axmif o G i f ; tqifrh sS yif rowfrw S cf jhJ cif;a=umifyh if +Adwdef EdkifiHom; t'efoGifqGef Adom
tjzpftysufudk jyefvnfaz:xkwf om;onf? pum;rkom; 0g'Dwnf;/ tusOf; csxm;r_rsm;vnf; rjyKvkyf jzpfonf? Thomson jzpfygonf?
a&;om;jyonfh ordkif; (History yHkbdawmifES,f/ aumifykwf0,fum;/ cJhyg/ ud k v d k e D vuf a [mif ; 1956 ck E S p f 0ef ; usif u
as account) [k ordkif;udk 2 rsdK; vl i ,f w aomif ; / vl } uD ; aygif ; rl / txuf azmf j yyg r[m jzpfonf h Edik if aH wmf at;csr;f om,m udkvdkeD pepfyaysmufa&; aumifpD
cGjJ cm; ajymqdak vh&=dS uonf? ordik ;f udk &S p f a omif ; tpG e f / wod e f ; vG e f . / 0D[duH armfuGef;vuFmrSm yg&Sdonfh a&;ESifh zGH h+zdK;a&; aumifpD. OuUX pmrsuf E S m 9 ok d h
vdrfnma&;om;vdk h r&yg/ tydktvkd r,G i f ; xd k c g/ oD u k r f y g./ od r f ; um
&ckdiftrsKd;om;owif;pmukdvpOfxkwfa0onf?
&ckid t
f rsK;d om;owif;pm Zefe0g&v
D 2010 ckEpS f twGJ (4) trSwf (1) pmrsufESm 9
pmrsuf E S m 8 aqmif ; yg;rS t quf u OD;aESmufyg ajcmufomG ;Edik yf gonf?
pmrsuf E S m 1 rS tquf a[wD i v#if
onf ukvor*~ vHk+cHKa&;aumifpD Arm vlrsdK;rsm; rsufESm
onf h aomuf o H k ; a&a=umif h jzpf xuf rsuf E S m yef ; yG i f h + yD ; xif a y: yG i f h c sd e f 1961 ck E S p f r S m yif urB m h
a=umif; od&onf? TivSsifonf ausmf = um; cJ h y gonf ? aumf r wD ukvor*~ qdkif&m Armht+rJwrf;
a[wD ord k i f ; wG i f ES p f a ygif ; 200 oufwrf;udk oHk;ESpfw}udrf owfrSwf udk,fpm;zvS,f oHtrwf}uD; OD;oef@
twG i f ; tqd k ; 0g; tjyif ; xef q H k ; xm;+yD; udk,fpm;vS,frsm;udk trsm; onf twGif;a&;rSL;csKyf &mxl;udk
jzpfonf? a[wD wGif u,fq,fa&;/ qEN j zif h a&G ; aumuf wif a jrS m uf EdkifiHwum axmufcHrJrsm;jzifh &&Sd
jyefvnf xlaxmifa&; vkyfief;rsm; &ygonf? 1956-61 ckESpf umv cJhygonf? ukvor*~ tzGJ@}uD;wGif
twGuf urBmhb%fu a': vm oef; txd ud k v d k e D p epf yaysmuf a &; 1948 ckESpfrS 1961 ckESpftxd Arm
100/ =opa=w;vsu a':vm 9²3 aumif p D w G i f (6) ES p f w d w d Arm tpdk;& udk,fpm;vS,frsm; rsufESmyef;
oef;/ *syefu a':vm 5oef; tjyif udk,fpm;vS,f ta&G; cHcJh&ygonf? vSonfh twdufumv jzpfcJhygonf?
a':vm 330000 wefzdk;&Sd apmifESifh zqyv tpd k ; &. tjyK oabm 1962ck E S p f r S 2010 ck E S p f txd
,m,D w J r sm;/ awmif u d k & D ; ,m;u aqmifonfh =um;aea&; 0g'a=umifh rSmawmh udk,fhvlrsdK; udk,fESdufpuf
a':vm 1 oef;/ uae'gu a':vm jzpfygonf? jynfaxmifpkom;rsm; owfjzwfr_rsm;jzifh ta&;,l cHae&
4²8 oef;/ Oa&myor*~u a':vm taejzifh *k%f,lp&myifjzpfygonf? ygonf? Armtpdk;&. usqHk;aecsdef
4²37 oef; ulnD=urnf[k qkdonf? Armuk d , f p m;vS , f OD ; wif a rmif jzpfygonf?
urB m h = uuf a jceD tzG J @ uvnf ; (e,l ; bm;rm; t*F v d y f o wif ; pm 2008ck E S p f zG J @ pnf ; yH k
a[wD o k d h o G m ;rnf h u ,f q ,f a &;&[wf , mOf r sm; t,f ' D w ma[mif ; ) onf 1960 tajccH Oya'onf tem*wfwGif
a[wD w G i f ul n D a &; vk y f i ef ; rsm;
aqmif & G u f & ef a':vm 10 oef ; a':vm 5 oef; &&dSchJonf[k tar uydk@atmfy&ifhpf+rdKŒawmf taemuf jynfhESpfwGif udkvdkeDpepf yaysmufa&; Arm vlrsdK;tygt0if tjcm;wdkif;&if;
tvªcHxm;onf? a[wDivsif 'kuQ &duef =uufajceD tzGJ@u ajymonf? awmifbuf 10 rkdif uGma0;aom aumifpD. 'kwd,OuUX jzpf+yD; 1961 om; aygi;f pHt k m; udv k ekd D vufa[mif;
onfrsm; twGuf vufukdifzkef;rS ivsifonf tiftm; &pfcsfwmpau; ae&muk d A[k d j yK v_ y f c wf c J h j cif ; ckESpfrSm OuUX jzpfcJhygonf? Arm pepfjzifh vGwfvyfcGifh awmif;ol igh
wqih f tvª a iG r sm; xnh f = u&m 7²0 &Sd+yD; t*Fgae@nae 5 em&Dcef@ jzpfonf? uk, d pf m;vS,rf sm;[m vdik af b;&D;,m; &ef o l [ k yd k r d k n S O f ; yef ; owf j zwf
ivsifv_yf cwft+yD; 48 em&D twGif; EdkifiH ukd,fpm;vS,frsm;ESifh t}udrf E_u d pf uf Edik &f ef a&;qGjJ yXmef; xm;jcif;
aygif; (7) }udrf rJcGJcJh=u&ygonf? yif jzpfygonf? ppfom;ESifh ppfbk&if
pmrsuf E S m 1 rS &ck d i f b k & if h E k d i f i H a wmf r S t quf aemufqHk;t}udrfwGifrS Armu (48) rsm; acwfudk wnfaxmif vmaejcif;
rJESifh vdkifab;&D;,m;u (11)rJjzifh yifjzpfygonf? ppfom;u tkyfcsKyfol?
tjywf tEd k i f & &S d c J h y gonf ? (,if ; jynfolu tkyfcsKyfcH aus;u|efrsm;
tcsdefu vdkifab;&D;,m; tpdk;&u om jzpfygonf?
om &cdkfifvlrsdK; ESifh EdkifiH/ rGefvlrsdK;ESifh 2010 jynfEh pS f a&G;auufyJG
Edik if rH sm;udk e,fcsJ u h v kd ekd D vkyx f m;rSe;f 0ifrnfholrsm;onf 'Drdkua&pDESifh vl@
udkom od&Sd+yD; zGifhcsEdkifcJhygu Arm tcGifhta&; &&Sdr_udk opPmazmuf
tpd;k & ud, k pf m;vS,rf sm; t&Suw f uGJ onfh udkvkdeDvufa[mif; AdkvfcsKyf
tusdK;enf; jzpfEdkifygonf?) rSL;}uD; oef;a&$. a'gufwdkifESifh tdrf
Armtpkd;& ukd,fpm;vS,f apmihf acG;b0udk wG,w f m olrsm;om
rsm; OuU X jzpf v monf h t cgwG i f jzpfygonf? 'Drkdua&pD vkdvm;aom
vGwfvyfa&; &&SdcJhaom EdkifiHrsm;&SdcJh wk d i f ; &if ; om; vl r sd K ;rsm; (Arm
ygonf ? wef Z ef e D ; ,m; Ed k i f i H u d k tygt0if ) taejzif h urB m h u k v
udkvdkeD jyKxm;onfh t*Fvdyfbk&ifcH or*~ tzGJ h}uD; twGif;&Sdaeaom
qmtif'&l;ud[ k iftm; Arm ud, k pf m; rvGwfvyfao;aom jynfe,frsm;
vS,f tzGJ h0ifrsm;u b,fjyefnmjyef aqmif&u G af &; aumfrwD (odk rh [kw)f
ar;cGef;awGxkwf+yD; bma=umifh ,ck udkvdkeDpepf yaysmufa&; aumifpDodk@
wd k i f ud k v d k e D vk y f x m;&oenf ; ? aemufcHordkif; tjynfhtpHk/ vuf&Sd
vGwfvyfa&;udk b,fvdkay;rnfen;f/ tajctaeESifh aemuf aemif ppfu|ef
b,fawmhay;rnfudk ppfaq;ar;jref; b0usa&mufrnfh tajctaersm;udk
=u&ygonf? pma&;olwdk haemifawmf wnD w nG w f w nf ; wif j yta&;
&cd k i f b k & if h E d k i f i H a wmf usqH k ; onf h tcrf ; tem;*syef w G i f u sif ; yaeyk H oHwrefrsm;u wdk@ArmawG t*Fvdyf qdk=uyg&ef arwWm &yfcHvdkygonf?
u|ef jzpfcJhpOfu armfIyif r=unhf vHk+cHKa&; aumifpDxuf 0ifa&muf
&Jaom t*Fvdyfbk&ifcHvdk vlrsdK;udk wif j y&ef vG , f u l y gonf ? wif j y
ppfaq; ar;jref;cJh&onfrSm awmf ta&;qdk=uyg/
awmf a v; &if c k e f c J h & onf [ k qk d y g vHk+cHKa&; aumifpDudkvnf;
onf? (tu,fIom t*Fvyd b f &k ifcH wif j y=uyg/ tjynf j ynf q k d i f & m
qmtif ' &l ; ud k [ if o nf Armrsm; w&m;cHk &Hk;wGifvnf; w&m;pGJ=uyg/
taejzifh &cdik Ef ikd if EH iS hf rGeEf idk if rH sm;tm; Arm udv k ekd D e,fcs@J ppftpd;k & uk,
d pf m;
ud k v d k e D v k y f x m;rS e f ; od o l j zpf y gu vS,rf sm; w&m;r0if a=umif;udv k nf;
rif;wdk h ArmawG &cdkifeJ hrGefvlrsdK; awG ta&;qdk=uyg/ enf;vrf;aygif;pHkjzifh
udk b,fawmh vGwv f yfa&;ay;rvJ[k ppfu|efb0u vGwfajrmufatmif
jyefar; ygvdrhfrnf? pma&;ol. aemif }udK;pm;=uygpdk h/ udkvdkeDvufa[mif;
awmf oHwref}uD;rsm; &ifckef&Hk omr ESifh qufvuf raygif;az:=uapvdkyg/

zk e f ; ac:crsm; ES p f q wuf
pdkif;aA'g 4 Zefe0g&D
&cd k i f b k & if h E d k i f i H a wmf usqH k ; onf h tcrf ; tem;bef a umuf w G i f u sif ; yaeyk H ES p f o pf u l ; ae@rS p wif + yD ; rk d b k d i f ; vf z k e f ; ac:crsm; 2
qwufoGm;aoma=umifh vkyfief;&Sifrsm;ESifh &efukef+rdKŒcHrsm; rausreyf
pufpuf cHcJh&w,fqdkwm wu,fh usif;ycJhjcif; jzpfonf? &nf&G,fcsufeJ@ jyKvkyf&wm jzpfyg jzpfae=uonf?
ordkif;yg/ ordkif;qdkwm vlrsdK;wrsdK;eJ h &cdkif'Drdkua&pD tzGJ@csKyf w,f? +yD;&if tcsif;csif; pnf;vHk;r_ rkdbkdif;vfzkef;wvkH;twGuf tpkd;&xH usyfaiG 15 odef;cJG ay;oGif;
wrsdK;udk &efwdkufay;wJh r_dif;wdkuf vli,f (*syef) u jyKvkyfaom tcrf; +yd K uG J w J h t wG u f ol w yg;u|ef j zpf xm;&ojzihf tukeftus tvGef rsm;jym;+yD;jzpfonf[k ukefonfwOD;u
ay;wJh t&mr[kwfygbl;/ twdwfu tem;wGif wGb J uf twGi;f a&;rSL; (1) cJh&wJh ordkif;ocFef;pmudk,l+yD; vuf&Sd ajymonf? jynfolvlxkwGif 0ifaiGwkd;vmjcif; r&dSaomfvnf; tpdk;& tcGeftc
jzpf&yfawGay:rSm tajccH+yD; rdrdwdk h&Jh jzpfol udkausmfoef;v_difu “'Dtcrf; &cdkiftrsdK;om;awG pnf;vHk;nDnGwfzdk rsm;om wkd;vsuf&dSaoma=umifh “tpkd;&uawmhjynfoludk vnfyif; nSpfzdk@bJ
tem*wfudk aumif;atmif b,fvdk tem;ud k *syef r S m usif ; ywm[m vk d w ,f q d k w mud k od & S d v d k a pwJ h wwf w ,f / vl a wG u d k b,f v d k tqif a jyatmif vk y f a y;r,f q d k w mud k
qufvkyf=urvJ qdkwmudk ocFef;pm yxrqHk;t}udrf jzpfygw,f? usif;y twGuf ckvdk tcrf;tem;udk usif;y wcgrSxnfh rpOf;pm;bl;” [k ajymonf?
,lzdk h/ +yD;awmh udk,fhordkif; ukd,fodzd@k &wJh &nf&G,fcsufuawmh &cdkifhbk&ifh &wmjzpfw,f”[k ajymqdk oGm;onf? GSM/ WCDMA ESifh urf;&kd;wef;zkef;rsm;uJhokd@aom vlokH;rsm;onhf
r&Sdrjzpf vdktyfvdk htckvdk usif;y Edik if aH wmf[m bDpD 3325 uae at'D tvm;wl b*Fvm;a'h&Sf? rkdbdkif;vfzkef; tm;vkH;. ac:qdkcrsm;rSm Zefe0g&Dv 1 &ufae@rS pwif+yD; wrdepf
&wm jzpf w ,f ” [k rd e f h = um;oG m ; 1784 ckESpfxd ESpfaygif; 5000 ausmf aemfa0? 'def;rwf tp&Sdaom EdkifiH 50 usyf jzpfoGm;onf? ,cifE_ef; xm;rSm +rdKŒwGif; wrdepf 25 usyf/ e,fa0;
onf? befaumuf+rdK@wGif usif;y wnfwHhcJhygw,f? tJovdk udk,hfrif; rsm;wGifvnf; tqdkyg EdkifiHrsm;wGif +rdKŒjyif wrdepf 35 usyfjzpfonf?
aom tcrf;tem;udk &cdkfif'Drdk ua&pD udk,fhcsif;eJ@ vGwfvyfwJh wdkif;jynf a&muf&Sdae=uaom &cdkif trsdK;om; CDMA zkef;/ tdrfESihf&kH;rsm;wGif wyfqifxm;=uonhf }uKd;zkef;wkd@.
tzGJ hcsKyf (xdkif;)ESifh &cdkiftvkyform; wjynf jzpfcJhwJh &cdkifjynfordkif;udk rsm;u 'DZifbm (31) &ufae hu ac:qdkcrsm; wkd;jrSifhjcif; r&dSay? ,ck tcg jrefrmEkdifiHwGif }uKd;zkef; ta&twGuf
tpnf;t&Hk; (befaumuf) u OD;pD; *syef a &muf &cd k i f r sm; od & S d a p&ef usif;ycJh=uonf? ukd;odef;ausmf/ rkdbkdif;vfzkef; ta&twGuf woef;ausmf &Sdonf[k qkdonf?
&ckdiftrsKd;om;owif;pmukdvpOfxkwfa0onf?
&ckid t
f rsK;d om;owif;pm Zefe0g&v
D 2010 ckEpS f twGJ (4) trSwf (1) pmrsufESm 10

&cdkiftrsdK;om;
owif;pmtwGuf*syefjynfrS tvSL&Sifrsm;
&cdik t
f rsKd ;om; owif;pm twG(J 4) trSwf (1) Zefe0g&v
D (2010)
xkwfa0Edkif&eftwGuf *syefjynfwGif aexdkif=uaom atmufazmfjyyg
rdwfaqGrsm;rS yg0ifulnD vSL'gef;=uygonf?
,cktwGuf *syefEdkifiHrS tvSL&Sifrsm;

1? udkcifarmifxGef; 2 000 ,ef;

2? udkqef;0if; 2 000 ,ef;

3? udkatmifrsdK;oef; 2 000 ,ef;

4? udkoef;v_dif 2 000 ,ef;

5/ armifausmfpGmxGef; 1 000 ,ef;

6? cdkif=unf0if; 2 000 ,ef;

today;tyfygonf 7?ukdjrat; 2 000 ,ef;

8? A. L. D (E-xile) Japan 10 000 ,ef;


&cdkifjynfe,f rmefatmif+rdK he,f Z&yfukef;cif&Gmae tz OD;jzLomat;ESifh trd a':cifEkwdk@.om;/ pkpkaygif; 23 000 ,ef;
rrdk;jzLat;. cifyGef;jzpfol udkausmfouf (26) ESpfonf xdkif;EdkifiH pl&Ïm&D aumhawmifu|ef;Y (10²1²2010) &cd k i f t rsd K ;om;owif ; pm vpOf y H k r S e f x k w f a 0Ed k i f a &;twG u f
&ufae hu uG,fvGefcJhygojzifh (13²1²2010) ae@wGif o+*d KF[f+yD;pD;+yD;jzpfygonf? &ufvnf qGrf;oGwfyGJudkvnf; yH h y d k ; ul n D o l r sm;ES i f h pnf ; &H k ; aumuf c H a y;ol r sm;ud k y g txl ; aus;Zl ;
(16²1²2010)&ufae@wGif jyKvkyf+yD;yga=umif; &yfa0;&yfeD; aqGrsdK;om;csif; rdwfao*F[rsm;odk@ today; wif&Sdygonf? a&&Snfxkwfa0Edkifa&;ESifh t&nftaoG;rD owif;pmwapmif
t=umif;=um;tyfygonf? xkwfa0 Edkif&eftwGuf tultnDay;vdkolrsm;udk vd_ufvSJ pGm}udKqdkygonf?
t,f ' D w m
usef&pfol rdom;pk &cd k f i f t rsd K ;om;owif ; pm

xkdif;jrefrm zGHŒ+zdK;wdk;wufa&; yl;aygif;aqmif&GufrSK ukr`%D


jrefrma&G@ajymif;tvkyform;rsm;twGuf

(2) ESpfADZm oufwrf;&Sd ²²²²


EdkifiHul;vufrSwf jyKvkyfvkdygovm;
vm;?
45 &uf twGif; EdkifiHul;vufrSwfvuf0,fudkifaqmifEdkifonf//
pdk;&drfylyefjcif;rS uif;a0;ap&ef tmrcHygonf//
aps;ESKef;oufompGmESifh vsifjrefacsmarGŒvG,fulpGm wm0ef,laqmif&Gufay;aeyg+yD ?
qufoG,f&ef? ? xkdif;jrefrm zGHŒ+zdK;wdk;wufa&; yl;aygif;aqmif&GufrSK ukr`%D ?
qifxef; veftifxm teD; befaumuf+rdKŒ
cGef zmc0rf eufrdkifx0D
ref;ae*sif; 'g&dkufwm
086 327 0413
&ckdiftrsKd;om;owif;pmukdvpOfxkwfa0onf?
&ckid t
f rsK;d om;owif;pm Zefe0g&v
D 2010 ckEpS f twGJ (4) trSwf (1) pmrsufESm 11

q&mvGifarmifoef;. (7)&ufom;orD;wdk@twGuf uH=urRm


aA'ifa[mpmwrf; ( 2010 Zefe0g&Dv )
we*FaEG? pdwfwxifhxifheJ@ ylyifp&mawG &Sdaer,f? txl;ojzifh rdom;pktwGif;vlwOD;eJ@ pyfvsOf;vdk@ udk,fpdwfESpfyg; vGefpGmpdwfqif;&J&wwfw,f? vkyforSstvkyfawGrSmvJ oJxJa&oGef ovdk
tv[oawGjzpfaewwfw,f? pm;0wfaea&;twGuf rylyif&bl;qdkayrhJ usef;rma&; aq;bdk;0g;ctwGuf vufxJrSm aiGt+rJvdkaewwfw,f? olrsm;awGxuf 0ifaiGaumif;aew,f vdk@qdkayrhJ
tukeftusu t&rf;rsm;aevdk@ 0ifaiGxGufaiG rrSsavmufatmifyJ jzpfaewwfw,f? vl}uD;olrwdk@&JŒ ulnDr˜pr_udk &&SdayrhJ vufatmufi,fom;wdk@eJ@ tqifrajyyJ tvkyfuxGuf oGm;wwfw,f?
rdom;pktwGuef @J tjcm;olawGe@J vJ cece&efjzpfae&wwfw,f? aoG;xGuo f H ,dt
k xd jzpf&wwfw,f? tdraf xmifa&;rSmtqifrajyvd@k tdrrf uyfjyefawmhvJ tjcm;a,musmF ; rde;f rwd@k e@J txiftjrifvJG
tpGyftpGJcH&wwfw,f? oGm;ykwfavvGifh ajymwmcH&wwfw,f? udk,fhjyoemtqifrajyjzpfaewhJ=um;u olrsm; jyoem vdkufajz&Sif;ay;ae&vdk@ pdwfnpf&r,f? +ydKifzufrsm;u tvpfacsmif;+yD;
'kuQay; wmcH&r,f? udk,fwdkifaomfvnf;aumif; aiGvdrfcH& r,f? odkf@r[kwf olrsm;vdrfwmudk tmrcHay; rdvdk@ jyoemjzpfr,f? aetdrfae&majymif;&if (odk@ ) tvkyftudkifae&majymif;&if
tqifajyatmifjrifr,f? a&ajrjcm; EdkifiH&yfjcm;/ EdkifiHjcm;om;rsm; ESifhwGJI vkyfudkifae&aom vkyfief;rsm; txl;atmifjrifr,f? rxifrSwfyJ rawmfwqOD;acgif;udk xdcdkuf rdvdk@ aq;&Hk/ aq;cef;rSm
wuf+yD;ukocH&wwfw,f?
,=wm? arG;ae@rSm tkef;oD;pdyfjzifhqGrf;awmfuyfvª+yD; tbdk;/tbGm;ouf}uD;&G,ftdkrsm;twGuf t0wftpm;topf uefawmhjcif;tm;jzifh aumif;usKd;csrf;om atmifjrifr_&&Sdygvdrfhr,f?

wevFm? pdwfqif;p&m owif;pum;=um;&r,f? t}uHtpnfawG vufawG@rSm rjzpfajrmufyJ jzpffaevdrfhr,f? &nf&G,fcsufrhJaer,f? aiGukefrsm;r,f? olrsm;u udk,fhudkraumif;}uHvdrfhr,f?
rvdkrkef;xm;vdk@ pum;rsm; &efjzpfwwfygw,f? 'ga=umifh pdwfnpf&vdrfhr,f? t}uHtpnftvkyf tudkifawGrSm taESmufr,SufawG@r,f? &ef&SmcH&r,f? vufatmufvlawG xGufoGm;&wwfyg
w,f? wynfhuawmfvSefvdrfhr,f?aiGtpktyHkvdkuf 0ifwwfygw,f? 'gayrhJ aiGr+rJwwfyg? 'DumvrSm c&D;roGm;oifhyg? ab;Oy'fjzpfwwfygw,f? c&D;a0;t}uHtpnf&Sd&ifvJ ysufwwfyg w,f?
om;r,m;/ taqGcifyGef;wdk@eJ@ &efjzpfwwfygw,f? 'gayrhJ rdom;pkeJ@ udk,fh&JŒqufqHa&; [mwcgwav t&rf;aumif;+yD; wcgw&HrSmawmh t&rf;qdk;&Gm;wwfygw,f? &efol/ cdk;om;/ "g;jy wdk@u
ESdyfpufnSif;yef;wwfygw,f? }uD;}uD;rm;rm;a&m*g rjzpfwwfygbl;? omrefjzpfavhjzpfx&Sd whJ a&m*gawGyJjzpfwwfygw,f? vHk;0tE W&m,fr&Sdyg? ynma&;yHkrSefyJ aumif;ygr,f? udk,f}udK; pm;
csifpdwf&SdayrhJ vufawG@rSm pdwful;,Of+yD; tcsdefawGukefvGefapvdrfhr,f? rdom;pkta&; pnf;vHk;nDnGwfr_ tm;enf;aer,f? rdrdudk raumif;}uHpnfaewhJolawG&Sdaeygr,f? tysKdjzpfvSsif wyg;olwdk@.
aESmuf,Sufjcif;cH&r,f? ywf0ef;usifu r[kwfu [kwfu owif;v$ifhwmudk cH& r,f? =unfhae/ =unfhpm;owdxm;yg? omrmefa&m*g tao;tzGJudk ayghqrdvdk@ a&m*g}uD;us,f emwm&Snf
a&m*grsKd;jzpfoGm;wwfonfudk *&kjyKowdxm;yg?
,=wm? arG;ae@eHeufapmapmxI bk&m;pifudkoef@&Sif;a&;vkyf+yD; bk&m;yef;vJ(pyg,f/ pdefyef;/ t*F geHyef;rsm;) aomufawmf a&(3)cGufuyfvª+yD; eD;pyf&muav;wdk@udk o=um;vHk;ausG;/
aus;iSufESifh acG;a=umif wd&pm?efi,f rsm;udk tpmausG;arG;ay;jcif;jzifh aumif;usKd;csrf;omrsm; &&SdcHpm;&ygr,f?

t*F g? ab;Oy'fr&Sdwwfyg? rxifrSwfbJ rjrif&whJ&efol&JŒtwdkuftcdkufcH&wwfw,f?&efol&Sd&if udk,fuEdkifr,f? &efolawGudk ukd,fuatmifEkid fr,f? ,cifa&m*grsm; aq;ukp&m&Sd&ifquf ukyg?
aeaumif;vmr,f? tema&m*g uif;pifr,f? a&m*gtE W&m,ftm;vHk;udk ukoaysmufuif; r,f? rdom;pkwGif;&Sd uav;i,f usef;rma&;csKdŒwhJ r,f? tpmra=ua&m*gjzpfwwfw,f? xDayguf r,f?
wvHk;wcJwnf; aiGrsm;rsm;0ifr,f? t}uD;tus,f tvªtwef; tvª'gejyKjzpf r,f? olrsm;&JŒ a,musFm;/ rdef;r eJ@ywfoufvdk@ taetxdkifowdxm;yg? udk,fh&JŒatmifjrifr_udk remvdkolrsm;u
oduQmcs+yD; ajymwmcH&vdrfhr,f? *k%foduQmusqif;atmif olrsm;om;r,m;eJ@ pGyfpGJajymqdkjcif;cH&wwfw,f? ypPnf;txm;rSm;&muae vHk;0jyefr&bJ aysmufwwfw,f? teD; rSm &SdaewhJ rdwfaqGu
ay;xm;whJ uwdysufI pdwfysufpdwfnpf&+yD; oltwGufeJ@ om;r,m;/ cifyGef; eJ@ pum;rsm;&efjzpf &wwfw,f? udk,ftmrcHxm;aom aiGtacs;tiSm; t&_yft&Sif;rsm;/ pdefvufpGyfta&mif;t0,f
tiSm;t&rf;udprP sm;eJ@ ywfoufv@kd &H;k a&muf/ *gwaf &muf pum;ajym tr_ajz&Si;f &wwfw,f? pD;yGm;a&;rSm vufnKdS ;n$e&f ma&jzpfaeovdyk J bmvkyv
f yk f tjrwftpGe;f &&S+d yD; tvkyt
f udik v
f yk if ef;rsm;wGif
atmifjrifr_&aeayrhJ pdwfwdkif;rus pdwfwxifhxifheJ@&Sdae wwfw,f? &mxl;}uD;}uD;ae&maumif;aumif;/ tdrf}uD;tdrfaumif;rSm ae&/ pm;&ayrhJ pdwfusOf;=uyf/ rGef;=uyf ovdkcHpm;ae&r,f? 'l;qpf/
vufqpfa&mifa&m*g/ ajcaxmuf atmufydkif; xdcdkufusKd;yhJwwfI owdxm;qifjcifyg?
,=wm? oli,fcsif;twGuf abmif;bDwdk§&Snf vufaqmifay;+yD; ol@xHrS ta=uGaphjyefawmif;vdk@ bk&m;yef;tdk;wGif xnfh+yD;aqmifusOf;xm;jcif;jzifh tqdk;rsm;umuG,fovdk aumif;usKd;rsm;udk
zdwfac: }udKqkdovdk jzpfygvdrfhr,f?

Ak'<[l;? olrsm;u raumif;}uH/ acsmufwGef;cH&vdkf@ r,HkouFmjzpfvdk@ tpHkprf;/ tppfaq;cH& wwfw,f? vl}uD;olreJ@ aqGrsKd;rdwfaqG taygif;toif;wdk@&JΠulnDapmifha&Smufr_eJ@ &efoludk tompD;eJ@
tjywftowftEdkif& atmifjrifr_&+yD; ywf0ef;usifu vl}uD;vlaumif;ynm&Sdtjzpf a&G;cs,fwifajrmufjcif;cH&r,f? tcspfa&;/ aiGa=u;w+ydKifeuf0ifr,f? vlysKd tysKdwdk@ tdrfaxmif usudef;&Sdw,f?
tvªr*FvmeJ@ xdrf;jrm;r*Fvmwdk@ OD;pD;vkyfudkifaqmif&Gufay;&r,f? tvkyfudpP twGufyJjzpfjzpf ynmawmfoifudpPyJjzpfjzpf c&D;oGm;&wwfw,f? udk,fhudk udk,fh&JŒrdwfaumif; aqGaumif;
taygif;toif;awGu udk,fhudk tultnDawG trsm;}uD;ay;vdk@ txl;yJpdwf&$ifae wwfygw,f? udk,f}uHpnforSsvJ atmifjrifaeygr,f? udk,fvkyfwhJ tvkyfwdkif; atmifjrifae r,f?
t&rf;tqifajyaer,f? vcpm;0efxrf;rsm;jzpfygu &mxl;wuf/ vpmwdk;r,f? t&ifu r&bl;whJ vmbfvmbawG &vmygr,f? ukefonfvkyfief;eJ@ twwfynmeJ@ atmifjrifr_&Sdygr,f?
ypPnf;OpPmaiGa=u;0ifr,f? ta&mif;t0,faumif;r,f? wjznf;jznf;}uD;yGm;wdk;wufvmygr,f? tdrfaxmifjyKr,fqdk&if &G,fwlwef;wlawGeJ@&ygr,f? aysmfp&maumif;whJ om,mwhJ tdrfaxmif
a&;jzpfr,f? om;orD;&wemxGef;um;r,f? om;orD;tusKd;cHpm;&r,f? avxdk;avatmifhowd xm;yg? a&csKd;rSm;r,f? rsm;aomtm;jzifhusef;rma&;aumif;ygw,f? omrefjzpfavhjzpfx&SdwhJ
a&m*gav;rsm;udkyJ }uHK&r,f? ynma&;rSm udk,f}udK;pm;&if}udK;pm;oavmuf tusKd;&Sdr,f? ynm a&;uHaumif;r,f? 0efxrf;rsm;&mxl;twGuf pmar;yGJajz&if &mxl;wufr,f? atmifjrifr,f?
udk,fhrdom;pktwGif;rSm tqifajyaer,f? ywf0ef;usifya,m*a=umifh wcgw&HrSm tqifrajy jzpfwwfayrhJ udk,fhtm%mwnfr,f? rdbaqGrsKd;nDtudkarmifESrrsm;xJrS Ak'<[l;om;orD;eJ@ ywf
oufvdk@ ema&;(odk@r[kwf) raumif;owif;=um;&wwfw,f?
,=wm? ,yfawmif/ avyefumwdk@udk bk&m;/ ausmif;rsm;odk@ vª'gef;jcif;ESifh r&Sdqif;&Jom; rsm;tm; aq;0g;axmufyhHvª'gef;jcif;ESifh aq;0g;ukoay;jcif;jzifh usef;rm/ csrf;omrsm;&&Sdygr,f?

=umoyaw;? aumif;aomc&D;oGm;jcif; c&D;,m,DoGm;&wwfw,fqdkayrhJ a&vrf;c&D;roGm; oifhyg? tE W&m,f&SdEdkifygw,f? c&D;oGm;jcif;a=umifh rsm;pGmaom aumif;usKd;csrf;omrsm; &&SdcHpm;
pHpm;&rSmjzpfygw,f? a&$aiG&wem txm;rSm;wwfw,f? vufaqmif&xm;whJ tzdk;wef ypPnf; rsm;a ysmufwwfw,f? olrsm;u aiGacs+yD; jyefray;wmvJjzpfwwfw,f? tdrfaxmifjyK&if
Zwf&_yf+yD;jyK&wwfw,f? udk,fhxuftouf}uD;whJol/ &G,fwltqifhtwef;jrifhrm;uGmjcm;oleJ@ jzpfEdkifw,f? udk,fhbufu atmifjrifr_rsm;&&SdrSmjzpfw,f? =umoyaw;eHrsm;jzpfwhJ ajr/ jrif;/
rdef;reJ@ywfouf+yD; pum;rsm;&wwfw,f? &efjzpfwhJtxd pum;rsm; tnif;tcHkjzpf&r,f? wESpf twGif;&Sd omrmefvlaer_tqifhtwef;rS rxifrSwfbJ }uD;yGm;csrf;omwdk;wufaom pnf;pdrf/ OpPm
wdk@ESifh jynfhpHk=uG,f0pGm aexkdif&rnfh udef;&Sdw,f? rdrdtvdk&SdorSs tvkyftudkif/ pnf;pdrfOpPm [lorSswdk@ESifh jynfh0pHkvifI *k%fxl;&mxl;wdk;wuf+yD;vSsif bHkAdrRmefausmif;ESifhwuG &wemrsm;pGm
wkd@udk &&Sdwwfonfh udef;}uHKae+yD? qif/jrif;/ usGJ/ EGm;tp&Sdaom ouf&SdoufrhJ [lorSswdk@ESifh wuG aus;usGefrsm;pGm wdk;wuf&&Sdvmwwfonhf udef;rsKd;jzpfw,f? ajrta&mif;t0,fvkyfief;/
ynma&;0efaqmifr_vkyfief; wdk@wGifxl;jcm;pGmatmifjrifI =umoyaw;eHESifhywfoufI tvGef tusL;aus;Zl;rsm;pGm&&Sdwwfw,f?
,=wm? arG;ae@rSm bk&m;udk rHknif;qDeJ@ qDrD;(3)cGuf rD;xGef;ylaZmfyg? pmoifausmif;rsm;odk@ pmtkyf pmwrf;/ pma&;u&d,mrsm; vª'gef;ay;jcif;jzifh pdwfcsrf;om/ udk,fusef;rmjzifh pnf;pdrfOpPm
wdk;yGm;&&Sdygr,f?

aom=uFm? aysmf&$ifpdwfcsrf;omp&m owif;aumif;=um;&r,f? tysKd/ vlysKdwdk@ tdrfaxmifus udef;&Sdw,f? +idrf;csrf;om,mwhJ tdrfaxmifa&;udkydkifr,f? nDi,f/ nDri,f udk,fhvufatmuf
i,fom;wdk@&JΠr*Fvmudk OD;pD;OD;aqmifvkyf&r,f? cspfolcifol aygrsm;aer,f? txufvl}uD; q&morm;wdk@&JΠtwdkiftyifcHjzpfr,f? ab;tE W&m,ftrsKd;rsKd;/ &efawGtm;vHk;[m wjznf;jznf;
+yD;qHk;ukefvdk@ udk,fjzpfcsifwmjzpf&+yD; pdwfcsrf;omr,f? tdrfwGif;oHk; ypPnf;aumif;awG0ifr,f? rdwfaqGwdk@xHrS vufaqmifypPnf;rsm; r=umce&r,f? tdrfae&majymif;/ tvkyftudkifae&m
ajymif;uvkyfcsifwm vkyf atmifjrifygr,f?c&D;oGm;vdk&if tqifajyajye@JoGm;&r,f? c&D;,m,D oGm;&if; pef;yGifhr,f? t0wftpm;topf0,fjzpfr,f? &kyf&Sif/ tEkynm/ aw;*Dw/ tpm;t aomuf/
t0wftxnfeJ@ ZdrfcHypPnf;rsm; tusKd;ay;r,f? tJ'Dvkyfief;awGvkyf&if rkcsatmifjrif r,f? ynma&;xl;csGef+yD; t&rf;aumif;ygw,f? qef@usifzufvdifwdk@eJ@ twlwlpmwGJusuf&if ydk+yD;tqifajyr,f?
pm&vG,f *k%fxl;xGufr,f? &yfa&;&Gma&; vlr_a&;vkyfief;rsm;rSm udk,fhudk ta&;t&mxm;+yD; wdkifyif aqG;aEG; ESD;aESmr,f? udk,fuvJ pdwf0ifpm;oabmuswhJtwGuf trsm;u txl;tm;ay;vdk@
tav;xm;=ur,f? zcif(odk@r[kwf) OD;}uD;/ b}uD;wdk@eJ@ pum; rsm;&efjzpf&wwfw,f? rawmfwq xdcdkufrdvdk@ aoG;xGufoH,dkjzpfr,f? cGJpdwfukocH&r,f?
,=wm? bk&m;udk a&oy`g,fyg? a&xJudk ig;v$wfay;yg? oli,fcsif;wOD;udk vufaqmif ay;yg? atmifjrifr_ aumif;usKd;csrf;omrsm;rkcs&ygr,f?

pae? 'DumvtwGif;rSm at;at;csrf;csrf;ygyJ? vkyfcsifwhJtvkyf vkyfyg? tqifajyygr,f? bmrSawmh odyfxl;xl;jcm;jcm;r&Sdyg? udk,hfudkulnDcsifwhJolawG toifh&Sdaeygw,f? vkyfief; topf/
t}uHtpnftopfawG odyfpvdk@raumif;ao;yg/ &Sd&if;pGJyHkrSeftvkyfuyJ aumif;ygw,f? ab;Oy'ftE W&m,frsm; r&Sdyg? tcsKdŒvkyfief;rsm; wydkif;wpeJ@ vufprowfEdkifyJjzpfaevdk@ pdwfnpf &r,f?
r=umce aiGaysmuf/ ypPnf;aysmufwwfw,f? olrsm;udkapwemeJ@ vkyf ay;rdwhJ udpPwck twGuf txiftjrifvGJwwfvdk@ pdwfqif;&J&vdrfhr,f? tdrfol/ tdrfom;usef;rma&;raumif;vdk@
aq;&Hkwuf&wwfw,f? aqGrsKd;xJu vl}uD;wa,muf usef;rma&;csKdŒwhJvdk@ udk,fuaiGtukef tuscH&+yD; rdom;pkeJ@ pdwf0rf;uGJr,f? ynma&;rSm pmroifcsif/ rusufcsif pdwfavaer,f? pmar;yGJ
tusKd;ray;/ uswwfw,f? &yfa0;u aqGrsKd;OmwdawG/ rdwfaumif; aqGaumif;awG a&mufvmwwfygw,f? tdrfu c&D;a0;oGm;whJol&Sd&ifvJ jyefvmwwfygw,f? vufatmufi,f om;/ nDi,f/
nDri,frsm;udk cdkif;xm;whJtvkyfawG atmifjrifvdk@ tusKd;aus;Zl;&&SdcHpm;&ygr,f? vifr,m;/ cspfolpHkwGJ/ oli,fcsif;zdk§r pHkwGJ tvkyfwGJvkyfjcif;/ xDpyfwlxdk;jcif; vkyfoifhw,f? txl;uHaumif;
tusKd;ay;ygr,f? tvkyftudkifae&m tajymif;tvJ/ tdrfae&mtajymif;tvJ &Sdu raumif;yg/ jyoemt&_yft&Sif; tr_tcif;t&_yft&Sif;jzpfwwfygw,f?
,=wm? trdtb tbdk;tbGm;wdk@tm;&nfpl;I bkef;}uD;(3)yg;udk qGrf;ausG;I bk&m;udk ar+rdKŒyef;uyf+yD; vkd&mqkawmif;jcif;jzifh jynfh0apygr,f?

&ckdiftrsKd;om;owif;pmukdvpOfxkwfa0onf?
&ckid t
f rsK;d om;owif;pm Zefe0g&v
D 2010 ckEpS f twGJ (4) trSwf (1) pmrsufESm 12

refpD;wD;toif;tdrfuGif;wGif tmqife,ftoif; abmfweftm; 2-0 jzifh tEkdif,l+yD;


trS w f a y;Z,m;tm;OD ; aqmif
ref,ltm; 2-1 jzifhtEkdif&&Sd
ref p D ; wD ; toif ; rS m vmrnfh oDwif;ywfwGif upm;&rnfh
um;vif; zvm; qDrD;zdkife,f yxr yGJwGif xyfrH tcsif;rsm;r_rsm; jzpfay:
tausmh tdrfuGif; yGJpOftjzpf +rdK@cH vmEk d i f o jzif h t*F v ef abmvH k ;
+ydKifbuf ref,t l oif;ESihf upm; cJ&h m tzGJŒcsLyf tufzfatuyif =um;0if
2;1 jzifh tEdkif&cJhonf? ajz&Sif; ay;ae&+yD jzpfonf?
,if ; yG J p Of r S ref p D ; wD ; u|ef a wmf ref , l t oif ;
twGuf *dk;rsm;udk yxrydkif; 42 rdepf y&dowfawGem; ajy;oGm;+yD; av;pm;
ES i f h 'k w d , yd k i f ; 65 rd e pf w d k @ wG i f r_ uif;rJhpGmeJ@ atmifyGJcHwJhyHk rvkyfjy
wDAufZu f oGi;f ,lomG ;cJo h nf? tqdk cJhygbl;? u|efawmfh&JΠatmifyGJcHyHk[m
yg tm*sifwD;em;om;rSm +yD;cJhonfh 2 *,f&DeADvf; wpfa,mufxJ twGuf
&moDwGif ref,ltoif;Y upm;cJhzl; ud k o m &nf & G , f c J h y gw,f ? *,f & D
onfh wdkufppfrSL; jzpfonf? eAD;vf&JΠyGJrwdkifrDu u|efawmf[m
um;vif ; zvm; vuf & S d ref p D ; wD ; ud k ajymif ; vmwJ h aiG e J @ tmqif e ,f t oif ; twG u f tEk d i f a ocsmaprnf h *k d ; ud k o G i f ; ,l a eol tm&S m Aif
csefyD,H ref,lwdk@rSm refpD;wD;bufudk xd k u f w ef w J h upm;orm; r[k w f y&D;rD;,m;vd*f yGu J set f jzpf tmqife,f toif;uyJ ta0;uGif; aemuf tmqife,feJΠy&D;rD;,m;
taumif;qHk; zdtm;ay; EdkifcJhaomf bl;vdk@ ajymcJhwJh pum;[m b,f tmqife,f - abmfvfwef yGJpOf wGif rS m ES p f * d k ; jywf tEk d i f & &S d c J h y gw,f ? vd*f ESpyf q JG ufwudk f qHak wGŒcJ&h wmu
vnf; t&mr0ifcJhI yxrydkif; 17 avmuf uvdefuuspfuswJh pum; tmqif e ,f toif ; u aemuf u yxrtausmh a&$Œqkdif;yGJpOf jyefvnf xl ; jcm;r_ jzpf c J h o vk d ES p f y G J p vH k ;
rdepfwGif oGif;,lcJhonfh*pf. *dk;jzifh awG jzpfygovJ? 'Dpum;awG[m vkdufoGif;+yD; 4-2 jzifh tEkdif& &SdcJh+yD; upm;wJh tcgrSmvnf; tmqife,f rS m vnf ; t&H _ ; eJ Πcsnf ; &if q k d i f
om auseyfcJh&onf? u|ef a wmf e J @ ywf o uf w J h b,f 22yG J u pm; &rS w f 48 rS w f j zif h wkdŒuyJ ajcpGrf;jyr_awGeJŒtwl 4-2 cJ h & ygw,f ? tmqif e ,f toif ;
ref,ltoif;udk tdrfuGif; avmuf a wmif wH k ; wJ h / twJ h / csJ , f v f q D ; toif ; ES i f h trS w f w l *k d ; &v'f e J Πxyf r H t Ek d i f & cJ h w myg? pwkwfpD;wD; toif;tm; 3-1 jzifh
wGif um;vif;zvm; qD;zdkife,fvf toHk;ruswJh vl@tE< wpf a,muf chJ+yDjzpfonf? 'DESpf oif;[m +yD;cJhwJh a b m f v f w e f e n f ; j y o p f t j z p f pwkwfpD;wD; tdrfuGif;wGif &_H;edrfh
yGJpOftjzpf {nfhcH upm;cJhpOfu refpD; ajymwJ h p um;awG jzpf y govJ ? y&D;rD;,m;vd*f&JŒ 'kwd,n tausmh r=umrDurS cefŒtyfcHcJh&wJh befav cJo h jzifh tufzaf tzvm;rS E_wx f u
G f
wD; wkdufppfrSL; um;vdk@pfwdAufpfu u|ef a wmf h r S m ol e J @ ywf o uf w J h n yG J p Of t jzpf qH k a wG ΠcJ h + yD ; jzpf + yD ; enf;jya[mif; tkd0ifuGdKif;vf twGuf cJh&jyDjzpfonf?
yife,fvfwD uefoGif;,lcJh t+yD;wGif jy\em vHk;0 r&SdcJhygbl;? yife,fvf awmh abmfvfwefenf;jy jzpfvm+yD;
ol@tm; yGJrwdkifrDu aygif 25 oef; wD uef+yD;awmh jrufcif;udkjzwf+yD; vD A myl ; toif ;
wef wkdufppfrSL; wpfa,muf r[kwf ol @ zuf v S n f h ud k , f h [ muk d , f pyg;toif ; tm; ref;pD;wD;toif;okd h tifwmuGif;v,f
a=umif; a0zefcJhol ol@toif;a[mif;
. toif;acgif;aqmif *,f&DeAD;vf
rif ; yg;pyf yd w f + yD ; aeygvd k @ ajymqd k
atmifyGJ cH&Hk oufoufygbJ? tvGef
td r f u G i f ; wG i f 2-0 jzif h upm;orm;ADtJ&ma&muf&Sd
tEd k i f & &S d
tm; iwH;k / it/ vl@tE<? wpfa,muf tusHvJ atmifyGJ rcHcJhygbl;? u|ef
(Idiot) jzpf+yD; taygpm; qefqef awmf *,f & D eAD ; vf wpf a ,muf
(creep) wpfa,muf jzpfa=umif; udkom &nf&G,fcJhwmyg? zg*lqef tyg
zg*lqefukd 'l;axmufjyD;/ OD;edrfhaejyD; t0if b,fref,ltoif;tm;ay;wJh
zg;aeol wpfa,mufom jzpfa=umif; y&dowfawGudkrS r&nf&G,fcJhygbl;?
xyfrH a0zefwkdufcdkuf vdkufonf[k y&dowfawGu u|efawmfhudk zg*lqef
a';vD;ar;vf owif;pmu acgif;}uD; u cspfcif ESpfoufygw,fvdk@ jrufcif;
ydkif; owif;wGif az: jyxm;onf? ay:rSm ajymaecJh=uygw,f?
rae@u *,f&DeAD;vfrSm av;pm;r_ wdAufpfESifh *,f&D eAD;vf
r&Sdol[k a0zefcJh+yD; ,cktcg 'kwd, wdk@. wkdufyGJrSm vmrnfh owif;
t}udrt f jzpf jyif;xefaom pum;vH;k ywfwGif ref,ltdrfuGif; tdk;x&uf
rsm;oH;k +yD; awmiftar&du a&'D,Ekd iS hf zdk@'fwGif upm;rnfh um;vif;zvm;
tifwmAsL; tpDtpOfwGif ajym=um; qD ; rD ; zd k i f e ,f v f 'k w d , ta=umh
cJhjcif; jzpfonf?
xdak e@ypJG Ofu ref,t l oif;
yGJpOfwGif rnfokd@ rnfyHk qufjzpf=u
rnfrSm apmifh=unfh&zG,f &Sdae onf?
vD A myl ; toif ; twG u f 2 *k d ;
oG i f ; ay;ol w k d u f p pf r S L ;'guk & f ref,l
zufodk@ 2 *dk;pvHk; *dk;oGif;,lEkdifcJhol um;vif;zvm; yxr tausmh qDrD; vDAmyl;toif;onf paeae@ 6-2-2010 ref,l-ykd harmufpf
wd A uf p f u *d k ; oG i f ; ,l t+yD ; wG i f zd k i f e ,f yG J p Of t jzpf bvuf b ef ; awmhwef[rf a[mhpyg;toif;udk Ak'P[l;ae h10-2-2010 tufpwGefADvm-ref,l
yGJ}udKtjzpf ol@tm; aygif 25 oef; toif;ESifh tufpwGefADvm toif; tdrfuGif;wGif 2 - 0 +zifh tedkif&&Sd t*F gae h16-2-2010 atpDrDvef-ref,l
wefzdk;&Sdonfh upm;orm; r[kwf wkd h,SOf+ydKifupm;&mwGif tufpwGef vm+y;D aemuf tqifh 6 odk w h uf a&muf paeae@ 20-2-2010 tJAmwef-ref,l
a=umif; a0zefcJhol *,f&DeAD;vfxHodk@ ADvm toif;u bvufbef; toif; vm+yDjzpfonf? paeae@ 27-2-2010 ref,l-0ufpf[rf;
ajy;oGm;cJhjyD; bJEkwfoD;yHk vufjzifh
vkyfjy+yD; yg;pyfydwfae&ef ajymqdk
. td r f u G i f ; wG i f 1-0 jzif h tEk d i f
&xm;+yD; tdrfuGif;wGif 6-4 *kd;jzifh xde;f xm;edik v
,cka+cpGr;f udk qufvuf
f sS if w+cm; b,ftoif;
rsdK;udkrqdk tedkif upm;edkifrnf[k
cs,
J v
f q
f ;D
atmif y G J c H c J h o nf ? *,f & D e AD ; vf tEkdif&&Sdojzifh ESpfyGJaygif; 7-4 jzifh t*F gae@ 2-2-2010 a[mpD;wD;-csJ,fvfqD;
uvnf ; wd A uf p f u d k jyef v nf I um;vif;zvm; zkdife,fodk h wuf vDAmyl; toif; refae*sm &maz;
we*FaEGae@ 7-2-2010 csJ,fvfqD;-tmqife,f
vufcvnf axmifjy+yD; qJqdkcJhojzifh a&muf EkdifcJh+yD jzpfonf? bifew D ufu xkwaf zmf a+ymqdk cJo h nf?
Ak'P[l;ae@ 10-2-2010 tJAmwef-csJ,fvfqD;
refcsufpwm +rdKŒcHESpfoif; taejzifh 'guk&f. oGif;*dk;2 *dk;onf ta&;
paeae@ 20-2-2010 0k'fb,fwef-csJ,fvfqD;
ygaom tedik f 3 rSwu f kd vDAmyl; toif;
Ak'P[l;ae@ 24-2-2010 tifwmrDvef-csJ,fvfqD;
twGuf &,leikd cf +hJ y;D pwkwˆ ae&m&Sd pyg;
paeae@ 27-2-2010 csJ,fvfqD;-ref;pD;wD;
toif;xuf wrSwaf vsmh taetxm;
odŒk a&muf&adS pcJo h nf? pwkwEW iS hf yOPr
ae&m&Sd ref;pD;wD; toif;rSm wpfyaJG vsmh
tmqife,f
trSwfwl *kd;uGm;jcm;csufjzifh ref;pD; we*FaEG 7-2-2010 csJ,fvfqD;-tmqife,f
wD;rSm yOPr ae&mwGif ae&m,lv#uf Ak'P[l;ae@ 10-2-2010 tmqife,f-vDAmyl;
&S+d y;D vDAmyl;toif;rSm tqifh 6 wGif Ak'P[l;ae@17-2-2010 ay:wkd- tmqife,f
&rSwf 37 jzifh ae&m,lEikd cf o hJ nf? paeae@ 20-2-2010 tmqife,f-qef;'g;vef;
“u|eaf wmfw²kd yGt J csKd Œ udv
k J paeae@ 27-2-2010 pwkwfpf-tmqife,f
tedik &f &Scd yhJ gw,f? +y;D awmh 'DaeŒvdo
wu,fvŒkd upm;edik cf rhJ ,fq&kd if b,f
toif;udkrqdk tedkif&edkifygw,f”[k
k m
vDAmyl;
paeae@ 6-2-2010 vDAmyl;-tJAmwef
vDAmyl;enf;jy bifew D ufu a+ym}um;
Ak'P[l;ae@ 10-2-2010 tmqife,f- vDAmyl;
cJhonf? “vDAmyl; toif; tm;ay;
=umoyaw;ae@ 18-2-2010 vDAmyl;-,l&D;,m;(,ltD;tufzfat)
olawGa}umifo h m u|eaf wmf vDAmyl;
we*FaEGae@ 21-2-2010 ref;pD;wD;- vDAmyl;
toif;rSm en;f+y qufvyk af ewmyg”
=umoyaw;ae@ 25-2-2010 ,l&D;,m;- vDAmyl;
wD A uf Z f * k d ; oG i f ; t+yD ; atmif y G J c H a eyk H t m; [k toif; y&dwo f wfrsm;tm; xyf
we*FaEG 28-2-2010 vDAmyl;-bvufbef;
*,f & D e AD v f ; vuf c v,f a xmif j yaeyk H wvJvJ xkwaf zmfa+ymqdck o hJ nf?
&ckdiftrsKd;om;owif;pmukdvpOfxkwfa0onf?

You might also like