tinyurl.

com/nbdz7r9

EnergySource

Howdoesitwork?

Pros

Cons

SolarPower

Photovoltaiccellsconvertthe
sunsenergyintoelectricity
.

Causeslittleenvironmental
Theamountofpower
impact
converteddependsonthe
Mechanical
timeofday,timeofyear,
generatorsare
locationandweather
notrequiredtocreate
conditions
energy

freetorun
Expensivetosetup

WindPower

Airmoleculesmovethrough
turbinesandtransfertheir
kineticenergytomakethe
turbinesspin.

Producesno
pollutants

Freetorun

Affectsbirdpopulation

Sincethewindisnt
alwaysblowing,itdoesnot
alwaysgenerateelectricity.

Expensivetosetup.

energyefficient
clean
renewable

Decreasesfish
populations
Disturbssurrounding
environment
wemustbuildadamto
doit

HydroPower

Waterspinsturbineswhich
makeeletricity
3mainwaystodoit:
putitinswiftrivers
putitunderwaterfalls
Buildadamandthenrealease
thewaterthroughtheturbine.


Biomass/Biofuels

Organicmaterialmadefrom
plantsandanimals
Itisbasicalyburningnatural
thingstocreateheatorfuel.The
heatisusedtoboilwaterand
thesteamthenrisesand
powersaturbine,producing
electricity.

renewable
safe
biodegradable
reduceairpollution

allreleaseCO2

GeothermalEnergy

Geothermalenergyisobtained
byusingheatfromtheearths
coretoheatgroundwater,which
isthendistributedtohomesand
businesses.Fordeeper
reservoirs,thesuperheated
water/steamispipedtothe
surfacetopowerasteam
turbineattachedtoagenerator.

Geothermalenergyisa
goodalternativeto
fossilfuel,hasan
(almost)unlimited
supply,andproduces
nobyproductI

Drillingforunderground
reservoirsisboth
expensiveandtime
consuming,involving
heavymachineryanda
largeimpactonthe
surface.Geothermal
energycannotbeused
everywhere,duetothe
absenceofplate
boundaries.

Itisveryuseful.We
usepetroleumfor
heatingoil,jetfuel,
tires,plastics,artificial
heartvalves,
eyeglassesandink.

Productionofpetroleum
releasespollutantsand
CO2harmingour
environment,affecting
peopleshealth,and
disruptingearthsnatural

Oil/Petroleum(fossil Wedrillforcrudeoil
fuel)
undergroundinreservoirs.This

crudeoilispumpedout,
transportedandrefinedinto
petroleum.Weburnthe
petroleuminsteamturbinesto

produceenergy.Theheatis
usedtoboilwaterandthe
steamthenrisesandpowersa
turbine,producingelectricity.

climate/carboncycle.
Drillingaffectsmarineand
landhabitats.Atsome
pointwewillrunoutofoil.

NaturalGas(fossil
fuel)

Naturalgasisafossilfuelthatis
burnedtogenerateelectricity.
Theheatisusedtoboilwater
andthesteamthenrisesand
powersaturbine,producing
electricity.

Naturalgasisrelied
heavilyonforindustry
andelectricity
productionbecauseit
isveryeffectiveand
inexpensive.Itisalso
usedasarawmaterial
inpaint,fertilizer,
plastics,dyes,photo
film,medicines,and
explosives.

Burningnaturalgases
releasespollutantslike
carbondioxideintothe
atmospherewhichaffects
itssurroundings.
Leakinggasesmaycause
explosionsanddisrupt
marineandlandhabitats.

Coal(fossilfuel)

Coal,mostlymadeupofcarbon,
isacquiredthrough
undergroundmining.Afteritis
acquired,itisoftentakento
powerplantstoburn,which
generateselectricity.Beforeitis
burned,coaliscleanedoff,soit
canperformtoitshighest
potential.
Theheatisusedtoboilwater
andthesteamthenrisesand
powersaturbine,producing
electricity.

Coal,unlikemany
otherenergysources,
isratherabundantand
inexpensive.
Additionally,coalis
alsoversatile,having
theabilitytobeinsolid,
liquid,andgasform.
Theliquidandgas
formofcoalburns
cleaner,soitisbetter
fortheenvironment.
Becauseofsuch
characteristics,coalis
alsoinexpensivetothe
consumer.

Theburningofcoal
releasescarbondioxide,
sulfur(whichcanleadto
sulfurdioxidewhen
exposedtooxygenwhich
canleadtoacidrain),and
otherpollutants.The
extractionprocessisalso
harmfultothe
environment.Itisalsoa
fossilfuelwhichisa
nonrenewableresource.

Nuclear/Uranium

Extractspowerfromatoms
nucleusbymeansofnuclear
fusionandnuclearfission.
Nuclearfusionextractsenergy
fromatomsbycombiningthem

Comparedtofossil
fuels,nuclearpoweris
veryclean
nopollutantsorCO
producesmoreenergy

Disposingofthe
radioactivewasteposes
manydangerstohumans,
wildlife,andplants
radioactivewasteisnot

togethertoformalargeratom.
Nuclearfissionextractsenergy
fromatomsbysplittingapart
oneatomtoformmanysmaller
ones,thisformofextractionis
alsousedinnuclearpower
plants.Electricityisproduced
whentheheatfromthechain
reactionsheatwaterwhich
producessteamtoturnturbines
andgenerateelectricity.

biodegradable
nuclearplantsuse
screenstopreventfish
fromenteringtheircooling
systemsbutendsupkilling
othermarineanimals.

Whybuildahousewithoutelectricity?

Cost/EconomicsTheUScostofenergyareincreasingrapidlysincetheindustrialage.Asofrightnowour
costofelectricityis$1,200perhouseholdperyear.Theamountofkilowatthoursperyearweuse11,460
andtheamountofkilowatthoursweusepermonthare955hours.Locallyasacity,notincludingcostsfor
privateuselikehouses,Novatouses$373,000peryearfromPG&E.Asastateweuse250,348kilowatt
hoursperyear.Asacountryweuse3,749,985kilowatthours.Asaneconomicstandpointtheamountof
energyweuseaffectsgreatlytheamountofmoneywespendasacountry,state,andcities.Theothermajor
issuethatwehaveveryslightlyaddressedasacountry,isthatourfossilfuelsarerunningout.Weonlyhave
150yearsleftdependingweusethefossilfuelsatthesamerateweareusingitnow,andasaresult
renewableenergyisthebestwaytosolvethisissueasofnow.

Climatechangehowdoesithappen?(greenhouseeffect,carboncycle,useofsunsenergy):
Greenhousegasesincludecarbondioxide,watervapor,methane,nitrousoxideandseveralnonnatural
gases.Thesegasescanbeincreasedmainlybyhumanaction.Carbondioxideisproducednitrousoxidecan
alsobeincreasedbyburningfossilfuelsorwasteproductsduringagriculturalorindustrialprocesses.
Methanegasisproducedinlandfillsorfarmingduetodecompositionoforganicwaste.Greenhousegases

havetheabilitytoabsorbandtrapheatintheEarth'satmosphere.Theprocesswherethermalradiationis
absorbedintotheatmospherebecauseofthegasesiscalledthegreenhouseeffect.Iftherearemore
greenhousegasesintheair,thetemperaturetypicallyincreasesandtheclimatechanges.Theheatandrays
providedbythesunreflectofftheEarth'ssurfaceandistrappedbythelayerofgasespresentinthe
atmosphere.Someoftheheatisstillabletoescape,buttheplanetisdefinitelywarmerwiththisnecessary
processthathelpssustainlifeonEarth.

Carbonisnaturallyinouratmosphereandisnaturallyreleasedandtakenininequalamounts.Itisreleased
byrespirationanddecompositionandistakeninbyphotosynthesis.Butwhenpeopleburnfossilfuels,it
releasesmorecarbonintotheatmosphereandmakesthecycleunbalanced.Becauseofthis,anextra4
gigatonsofcarbonisaddedtotheatmosphereeveryyear.

ClimateChangeConsequenceswhatcouldhappenasaresultofthechangingclimate?
Themorethegreenhouseeffectincreasesthewarmerthetemperaturesclosetotheearthare.Wecansee
thatthetemperatureshavebeenrisingabout1*Coverthetimeof120years.


Themorethetemperatureincreasesthefastertheicecapsmeltinthepoles.Thisthenmixeswiththeocean
water.Thisrisestheoceanandwatersdestroyingcoastalcitiesandenvironments.everyyeartheoceans
rises0.2ofaninch,ifthisratecontinuesitwillfloodcoastalcitiesanddestroyourenvironment.Aswellas
creatingfloodingthewarmerwatersandalsoruinenvironmentsinthewater.Theothereffectisthatthe
warmerwatersfeedstormssuchashurricanes.Thiscanruinwholecitiesortowns.Lastlythemostknown
factisthatthewarmertemperaturescausedroughtincertainareas,andanabundantamountofrainfallin
otherplaces.