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First Law of

Thermodynamics
Ariola, Citadel C.
Dumaguing, Helaisha Nissi R.
Ferrera, Al Owen Roy A.
Pinile, Gladys Anne B.

Sample problem 1
1 mole of an ideal monoatomic gas
at 27C expands adiabatically
against a constant external pressure
of 151.99 kPa from a volume of 0.4
m3 to 1.6 m3. Determine the (a) q, (b)
w, and (c) U.

Sample problem 1
Since the process is adiabatic, the
value of q is equal to 0.
To compute for w:
W= PV
= 151.99kPa (1.6 m3 - 0.4 m3)
= 182.39 kJ

Sample problem 1
To compute for U:
U = q w
= 0 182.39 kJ
= -182.39 kJ

Sample problem 2
A swimmer does 67 kJ of work and gives
off 41 kJ of heat during a workout.
determine U, W and Q for the swimmer.
W is work done by the swimmer, therefore
W = 67 kJ
Q is the heat subtracted from the system,
therefore Q = -41 kJ

Sample problem 2
Computing for U
U = Q W
= -41 kJ 67 kJ
= -108 kJ

Sample problem 3
Water is being heated in a closed pan
on top of a range while being stirred
by a paddle wheel. During the
process, 20 kJ of heat is transferred
to the water, and 5 kJ of heat is lost
to the surrounding air. The paddlewheel work amounts to 200 N m.
Determine the final energy of the
system if its initial energy is 10 kJ.

Sample problem 3
Solving for E
E = Q W
20 kJ 5kJ = E2 E1 0.2 kJ
E2 E1 = 15.2kJ
E2 = 15.2 kJ + E1
E2 = 15.2 kJ + 10 kJ
E2 = 25.2 kJ

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