You are on page 1of 1

CHINA CIVILIZATION (1500 B.C. 1200 A.D.

The Chinese have long been known for their wisdom, but little if any real research
has been undertaken to understand their feelings toward management. The ancient
records of Mencius and Chow (1100- 500 B.C) do, however, indicate that the
Chinese were aware of certain principles bearing on organizing, planning, directing
and controlling. China used extensive organizational structure or organizational
agencies.
Chow, the constitution of chow, probably written about 1100 B.C is a directory of all
civil servants to the emperor, from the prime minister down to the household
servants, with their jobs and duties carefully listed. Thus, over three thousand
years ago china concepts have a temporary managerial ring: organization,
functions, cooperation, procedures to bring efficiency, and various control
techniques.
Use of Staff: because of the success of the Emperor Yao and later Tang, founder of
the Shang dynasty and other early monarchs, the use of staff principles became a
traditional part of chinas government. This tradition was so strong that when the
young Emperor Tai Chai of the Shang dynasty repeatedly ignored the counsel of
his advisers, his prime minister who have served for many years under the Shang
dynasty caused the young emperor to be deposed for a period of three years,
reinstating him only after he had repented and had agreed to respect the future
counsel of his stuff. With the passage of time, The staff principle began to be used
by rulers of lower rank. King Wu, founder of the Chow dynasty, promoted the use of
the advisory staff among his vassal kings and even in his appointment of prince
Ching for advice before making any decision.
Mencius: he believed that law along were insufficient for business- that every going
concern should adhere to a standard of operation which was ordained by the law of
god and used a model for government. He clearly indicated the need for system,
methodology, and models in effective management.
Specialization was also emphasized by the ancient Chinese in that each of the crafts
was hereditary and an artisan was committed to his industry for a life time. The
artisans lived together in special districts, separate from the remainder of the
citizens such that thay could easily learn their trade in the absence of the
distraction.
The scientific selection of workmen by means of examinations was started by the
Chinese government about 120 B.C.

You might also like