This outcome resulted from the characteristic of ethanol that

easily evaporate, bringing higher extract concentration on

skin (increase of thermodynamic activity carried drug to pass
stratum corneum), and/or because of ethanol changed
physical integration of stratum corneum barrier, hence
enhancing drug penetration. By the great chance of its
absorp ethanol showed relatively low concentration of alcohol
and acetaldehyde metabolite in blood, lower from toxic
concentration. However, ethanol can present side effects
such as skin irritation or dermatitis allergy although rarely
reported. Other potential side effect is regarding high
compotition of ethanol, despite higher compotition of ethanol
increase penetration on skin, this would also feasible for
transdermal absorption of potential xenobiotic from
carsinogenic contaminant from cosmetic formulation.