BLB_APP_C_1059-1061hr.

qxp

11/8/10

2:26 PM

Page 1059

A P P E N D I X

THERMODYNAMIC QUANTITIES
FOR SELECTED SUBSTANCES
AT

298.15 K (25 C)
Hf
(kJ/mol)

Gf
(kJ/mol)

S
(J/mol-K )

Aluminum
Al(s)
AlCl3(s)
Al2O3(s)

0
-705.6
-1669.8

0
-630.0
-1576.5

28.32
109.3
51.00

Barium
Ba(s)
BaCO3(s)
BaO(s)

0
-1216.3
-553.5

0
-1137.6
-525.1

63.2
112.1
70.42

Beryllium
Be(s)
BeO(s)
Be(OH)2(s)

0
-608.4
-905.8

0
-579.1
-817.9

9.44
13.77
50.21

Bromine
Br(g)
Br -(aq)
Br2(g)
Br2(l)
HBr(g)

111.8
-120.9
30.71
0
-36.23

82.38
-102.8
3.14
0
-53.22

174.9
80.71
245.3
152.3
198.49

145.5
0
-1128.76
-748.1
-1167.3
-604.17
-898.5
-1321.8

154.8
41.4
92.88
104.6
68.87
39.75
83.4
106.7

Substance

Calcium
Ca(g)
Ca(s)
CaCO3(s, calcite)
CaCl2(s)
CaF2(s)
CaO(s)
Ca(OH)2(s)
CaSO4(s)
Carbon
C(g)
C(s, diamond)
C(s, graphite)
CCl4(g)
CCl4(l)
CF4(g)
CH4(g)
C2H2(g)

179.3
0
-1207.1
-795.8
-1219.6
-635.5
-986.2
-1434.0

718.4
1.88
0
-106.7
-139.3
-679.9
-74.8
226.77

672.9
2.84
0
-64.0
-68.6
-635.1
-50.8
209.2

158.0
2.43
5.69
309.4
214.4
262.3
186.3
200.8

Substance
C2H4(g)
C2H6(g)
C3H8(g)
C4H10(g)
C4H10(l)
C6H6(g)
C6H6(l)
CH3OH(g)
CH3OH(l)
C2H5OH(g)
C2H5OH(l)
C6H12O6(s)
CO(g)
CO2(g)
CH3COOH(l)

Hf
(kJ/mol)

Gf
(kJ/mol)

S
(J/mol-K )

52.30
-84.68
-103.85
-124.73
-147.6
82.9
49.0
-201.2
-238.6
-235.1
-277.7
-1273.02
-110.5
-393.5
-487.0

68.11
-32.89
-23.47
-15.71
-15.0
129.7
124.5
-161.9
-166.23
-168.5
-174.76
-910.4
-137.2
-394.4
-392.4

219.4
229.5
269.9
310.0
231.0
269.2
172.8
237.6
126.8
282.7
160.7
212.1
197.9
213.6
159.8

Cesium
Cs(g)
Cs(l)
Cs(s)
CsCl(s)

76.50
2.09
0
-442.8

49.53
0.03
0
-414.4

175.6
92.07
85.15
101.2

Chlorine
Cl(g)
Cl1aq2
Cl2(g)
HCl(aq)
HCl(g)

121.7
-167.2
0
-167.2
-92.30

105.7
-131.2
0
-131.2
-95.27

165.2
56.5
222.96
56.5
186.69

Chromium
Cr(g)
Cr(s)
Cr2O3(s)

397.5
0
-1139.7

352.6
0
-1058.1

174.2
23.6
81.2

Cobalt
Co(g)
Co(s)

439
0

393
0

179
28.4

Copper
Cu(g)
Cu(s)

338.4
0

298.6
0

166.3
33.30

1059

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Page 1060

APPENDIX C Thermodynamic Quantities for Selected Substances at 298.15 K (25 C)

Substance

Hf
(kJ/mol)

Gf
(kJ/mol)

CuCl2(s)
CuO(s)
Cu2O(s)

-205.9
-156.1
-170.7

-161.7
-128.3
-147.9

108.1
42.59
92.36

80.0
-332.6
0
-268.61

61.9
-278.8
0
-270.70

158.7
- 13.8
202.7
173.51

Fluorine
F(g)
F1aq2
F2(g)
HF(g)
Hydrogen
H(g)
H + 1aq2
H + 1g2
H2(g)

S
(J/mol-K )

217.94
0
1536.2
0

203.26
0
1517.0
0

114.60
0
108.9
130.58

106.60
-55.19
62.25
0
25.94

70.16
-51.57
19.37
0
1.30

180.66
111.3
260.57
116.73
206.3

415.5
0
-87.86
-47.69
-341.8
-400
-271.9
-822.16
-1117.1
-171.5

369.8
0
-84.93
-10.54
-302.3
-334
-255.2
-740.98
-1014.2
-160.1

180.5
27.15
113.4
293.3
117.9
142.3
60.75
89.96
146.4
52.92

Lead
Pb(s)
PbBr2(s)
PbCO3(s)
Pb(NO3)2(aq)
Pb(NO3)2(s)
PbO(s)

0
-277.4
-699.1
-421.3
-451.9
-217.3

0
-260.7
-625.5
-246.9

-187.9

68.85
161
131.0
303.3

68.70

Lithium
Li(g)
Li(s)
Li + 1aq2
Li + 1g2
LiCl(s)

159.3
0
-278.5
685.7
-408.3

126.6
0
-273.4
648.5
-384.0

138.8
29.09
12.2
133.0
59.30

Magnesium
Mg(g)
Mg(s)
MgCl2(s)

147.1
0
-641.6

112.5
0
-592.1

148.6
32.51
89.6

Iodine
I(g)
I -1aq2
I2(g)
I2(s)
HI(g)
Iron
Fe(g)
Fe(s)
Fe 2 + 1aq2
Fe 3 + 1aq2
FeCl2(s)
FeCl3(s)
FeO(s)
Fe2O3(s)
Fe3O4(s)
FeS2(s)

Hf
(kJ/mol)

Gf
(kJ/mol)

MgO(s)
Mg(OH)2(s)

-601.8
-924.7

-569.6
-833.7

26.8
63.24

Manganese
Mn(g)
Mn(s)
MnO(s)
MnO2(s)
MnO4-1aq2

280.7
0
-385.2
-519.6
-541.4

238.5
0
-362.9
-464.8
-447.2

173.6
32.0
59.7
53.14
191.2

Mercury
Hg(g)
Hg(l)
HgCl2(s)
Hg2Cl2(s)

60.83
0
-230.1
-264.9

31.76
0
-184.0
-210.5

174.89
77.40
144.5
192.5

Nickel
Ni(g)
Ni(s)
NiCl2(s)
NiO(s)

429.7
0
-305.3
-239.7

384.5
0
-259.0
-211.7

182.1
29.9
97.65
37.99

Nitrogen
N(g)
N2(g)
NH3(aq)
NH3(g)
NH4 + 1aq2
N2H4(g)
NH4CN(s)
NH4Cl(s)
NH4NO3(s)
NO(g)
NO2(g)
N2O(g)
N2O4(g)
NOCl(g)
HNO3(aq)
HNO3(g)

472.7
0
-80.29
-46.19
-132.5
95.40
0.0
-314.4
-365.6
90.37
33.84
81.6
9.66
52.6
-206.6
-134.3

455.5
0
-26.50
-16.66
-79.31
159.4

-203.0
-184.0
86.71
51.84
103.59
98.28
66.3
-110.5
-73.94

153.3
191.50
111.3
192.5
113.4
238.5

94.6
151
210.62
240.45
220.0
304.3
264
146
266.4

Oxygen
O(g)
O2(g)
O3(g)
OH-1aq2
H2O(g)
H2O(l)
H2O2(g)
H2O2(l)

247.5
0
142.3
-230.0
-241.82
-285.83
-136.10
-187.8

230.1
0
163.4
-157.3
-228.57
-237.13
-105.48
-120.4

161.0
205.0
237.6
- 10.7
188.83
69.91
232.9
109.6

Phosphorus
P(g)
P2(g)

316.4
144.3

280.0
103.7

163.2
218.1

Substance

S
(J/mol-K )

BLB_APP_C_1059-1061hr.qxp

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2:26 PM

Page 1061

APPENDIX C Thermodynamic Quantities for Selected Substances at 298.15 K 25 C

Substance
P4(g)
P4(s, red)
P4(s, white)
PCl3(g)
PCl3(l)
PF5(g)
PH3(g)
P4O6(s)
P4O10(s)
POCl3(g)
POCl3(l)
H3PO4(aq)

Hf
(kJ/mol)

Gf
(kJ/mol)

S
(J/mol-K )

58.9
-17.46
0
-288.07
-319.6
-1594.4
5.4
-1640.1
-2940.1
-542.2
-597.0
-1288.3

24.4
-12.03
0
-269.6
-272.4
-1520.7
13.4

-2675.2
-502.5
-520.9
-1142.6

280
22.85
41.08
311.7
217
300.8
210.2

228.9
325
222
158.2

Potassium
K(g)
K(s)
KCl(s)
KClO3(s)
KClO3(aq)
K2CO3(s)
KNO3(s)
K2O(s)
KO2(s)
K2O2(s)
KOH(s)
KOH(aq)

89.99
0
-435.9
-391.2
-349.5
-1150.18
-492.70
-363.2
-284.5
-495.8
-424.7
-482.4

61.17
0
-408.3
-289.9
-284.9
-1064.58
-393.13
-322.1
-240.6
-429.8
-378.9
-440.5

160.2
64.67
82.7
143.0
265.7
155.44
132.9
94.14
122.5
113.0
78.91
91.6

Rubidium
Rb(g)
Rb(s)
RbCl(s)
RbClO3(s)

85.8
0
-430.5
-392.4

55.8
0
-412.0
-292.0

170.0
76.78
92
152

377.8
0

336.1
0

Scandium
Sc(g)
Sc(s)
Selenium
H2Se(g)

29.7

15.9

174.7
34.6
219.0

Gf
(kJ/mol)

1061

Substance

Hf
(kJ/mol)

AgNO3(s)

-124.4

Sodium
Na(g)
Na(s)
Na + 1aq2
Na + 1g2
NaBr(aq)
NaBr(s)
Na2CO3(s)
NaCl(aq)
NaCl(g)
NaCl(s)
NaHCO3(s)
NaNO3(aq)
NaNO3(s)
NaOH(aq)
NaOH(s)
Na2SO4(s)

107.7
0
-240.1
609.3
-360.6
-361.4
-1130.9
-407.1
-181.4
-410.9
-947.7
-446.2
-467.9
-469.6
-425.6
-1387.1

77.3
0
-261.9
574.3
-364.7
-349.3
-1047.7
-393.0
-201.3
-384.0
-851.8
-372.4
-367.0
-419.2
-379.5
-1270.2

153.7
51.45
59.0
148.0
141.00
86.82
136.0
115.5
229.8
72.33
102.1
207
116.5
49.8
64.46
149.6

Strontium
SrO(s)
Sr(g)

-592.0
164.4

-561.9
110.0

54.9
164.6

Sulfur
S(s, rhombic)
S8(g)
SO2(g)
SO3(g)
SO42-1aq2
SOCl2(l)
H2S(g)
H2SO4(aq)
H2SO4(l)

0
102.3
-296.9
-395.2
-909.3
-245.6
-20.17
-909.3
-814.0

0
49.7
-300.4
-370.4
-744.5

-33.01
-744.5
-689.9

31.88
430.9
248.5
256.2
20.1

205.6
20.1
156.1

Titanium
Ti(g)
Ti(s)
TiCl4(g)
TiCl4(l)
TiO2(s)

468
0
-763.2
-804.2
-944.7

422
0
-726.8
-728.1
-889.4

180.3
30.76
354.9
221.9
50.29

-33.41

Silicon
Si(g)
Si(s)
SiC(s)
SiCl4(l)
SiO2(s, quartz)

368.2
0
-73.22
-640.1
-910.9

323.9
0
-70.85
-572.8
-856.5

167.8
18.7
16.61
239.3
41.84

Vanadium
V(g)
V(s)

514.2
0

453.1
0

Silver
Ag(s)
Ag + 1aq2
AgCl(s)
Ag2O(s)

0
105.90
-127.0
-31.05

0
77.11
-109.70
-11.20

42.55
73.93
96.11
121.3

Zinc
Zn(g)
Zn(s)
ZnCl2(s)
ZnO(s)

130.7
0
-415.1
-348.0

95.2
0
-369.4
-318.2

S
(J/mol-K )
140.9

182.2
28.9

160.9
41.63
111.5
43.9