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OBJECTIVES:
1.
2.
To analyze an unknown sample containing vitamin C through titration
method.
DISCUSSION:
Ascorbic acid which is generally known as Vitamin C, is a water-soluble
vitamin found in fruits and leafy vegetables or made synthetically and used as an
antioxidant. Since humans are incapable of producing or synthesizing vitamin C,
they need to have regular digestion to maintain healthy body and prevent scurvy.
Scurvy is a disease caused by insufficient vitamin C, the symptoms of which include
spongy gums, loosening of the teeth, and bleeding into the skin and mucous
membranes. On the other hand, an onset of 60mg intake of vitamin C per day is the
Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) for adults.
Through oxidizing ascorbic acid, (C6H6O6), vitamin C content of fruits can
easily be determined.
C6H8O6
Since this reaction can process immediately when in contact with moistness,
an aqueous solution particularly I 2- a substance that is not very soluble in water and
is good for oxidation, will be used. I 2 will be dissolved in potassium iodide (KI)
solution in which I2 will exist as I3-, a complex ion. The reaction with ascorbic acid
involves I2, which is reduced to I- ion.
2e- + I2
2I-
I2 + starch
yellow
Starch I2 complex
blue
RESULTS:
TRIAL 1
TRIAL 2
0.10 g
0.10 g
5.68 104
mol
5.68 104
29.2 ml
34.4 ml
34.4 ml
39.8 ml
5.2 ml
5.4 ml
0.1092 M
0.1052 M
Volume of I2 delivered, ml
Molarity of I2, M
mol
TRIAL 1
10 ml
TRIAL 2
10 ml
TRIAL 3
10 ml
26 ml
26.5 ml
0.5 ml
9.3264 mg/100
ml
26.5 ml
26.9 ml
0.4 ml
7.4646 mg/100
ml
26.9 ml
27. 3 ml
0.4 ml
7.4646 mg/100
ml
74.21 ml
CALCULATIONS:
10.6 mL I2 2 = 5.3 mL I2
Trial 1:
5.3 mL I 2
0.10 g AA
=
0.5 mL Vitamin C
X
X =9.43 103 g AA
9.43 103 g AA
1 mol
=5.36 10
( 176
g)
g
=9.3264 10
( 174
1 mol )
9.3264 103 g AA
Trial 2:
5.3 mL I 2
0.10 g AA
=
0.4 mL Vitamin C
X
g AA
X =7.55 103 g AA
7.55 103 g AA
( 1176molg )=4.29 10
4.29 105 g AA
g
=7.4646 10
( 174
1 mol )
7.4646 103 g AA
g AA
Trial 3:
5.3 mL I 2
0.10 g AA
=
0.4 mL Vitamin C
X
X =7.55 103 g AA
7.55 103 g AA
( 1176molg )=4.29 10
4.29 105 g AA
g
=7.4646 10
( 174
1 mol )
7.4646 103 g AA
g AA
Average mg Vitamin C :
9.3264 mg
+ 7.4646 mg
24. 2556 mg 3 =
8.0852 mg Vitamin C
7.4646 mg
24. 2556 mg
60 mg X =8.0852 mg 10 mL
X ( 8.0852 )=( 10 mL )( 60 mg )
ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS:
1. Write a balanced equation for the reaction between I2 and ascorbic acid.
Identify the oxidizing agent and the reducing agent.
C6H8O6
+ I2
(ascorbic acid)
C6H8O6
2I-
C6H6O6
+
(dehydroascorbic acid)
I2
C6H6O6
+
2I-
2H+
+
2H+
1 mol C 6 H 8O 6
=5.65 x 10
( 176.9
C 6 H 8O 6 )
mol
1 mg AA
176.1 mg AA
= 0.005679 mmole AA
0.005679mmole AA
mmol
0.02243
mL
= 0.25 mL
Titer =
1 mg ascorbic acid
0.25 ml I 2 sol ' n
3. A sample of fresh grapefruit juice was filtered and titrated with the above I 2
solution. A 100-mL sample of the juice took 9.85 mL of the iodine solution to
reach the starch end point.
a) What is the concentration of vitamin C in the juice in mg vitamin C/100
mL of juice?
25.32 ml 9.85 ml
=
0.10 g
x
0.0389 g
174 C 6 H 6 O6 1000 g
=38.457 mg Vitamin C per 100 mL of juice
( 1176molg CC 66 HH 88 O6
O 6 )( 1 mol C 6 H 6 O6 )( 1 g )
60 mg
=156.02mL of this fruit juice is needed
38.457