OHSAS 18001:2007

) (
:
. . - .

OHSAS 18001 :
.
: OHSAS 18002:2000
.
: OHSAS 18001 :2007
-1
-2
-3
-4

.
.
.
:
-4-1 .
-4-2
-4-3 :
-4-4 :
-4-5
-4-6

: OHSAS 18001 :1999 OHSAS 18001 :2007


:
OHSAS 18001 :2007
.
:
.

. OHSAS 18001 :2007

. OHSAS 18001 :2007

. OHSAS 18001 :2007

OHSAS 18001 :1999 OHSAS 18001 :2007

.OHSAS 18001 :2007



OHSAS 18001 :2007

:Evaluation of Safety Standards

.

:
.
3000
) 18 (
:

.
:
.
) (1802

.
) (1875
) . (1974

:
) (Directive 82/501/EC ): (Seveso 11 Directive

10 1976
) (
.
250
2500 .

1909 30000
.
(Ontario Workmen's Compensation Act) 1915
.

 :
)Piper Alpha , England (1988
6 1988
Piper Alpha 165 ) 30(
.
226
.

.
)Flixborough , England (1974
1974
) (Caprolactum ) 70000 ( .
28 36 1821
167 .
30
.
.
)Texas City ,United States (1947
1947 ) ( .
576 5000 .
.
)Bhopal , India ( 1984
3 1984 ) 25
) =
" " (
( 20000 20000 .
.
.
) (


1200 .

.
18 )
( .
) ( .

20 ) ( .

)Seveso , Italy (1976

10 1976 )
(
.
250
2500 .
) ( Directive 82/501/EC )
: ( Seveso 11 Directive

.
)Spyros , Singapore(1978
12 1978 Spyros
.
.
.
) = 82
( .
76 ) 5 15 5
2 ( 69 .
:

) (
:
-

.
.
) ( .

:
-

.
.

.
.
Near Misses .

Initial Status Review

.

.

)(

Review

:
. .

.
) (P-D-C-A Cycle .
) (P-D-C-A Cycle .
.


OHSAS 18001
OHSAS 18001 :


. :
ISO 9001
ISO 14001
.
ISO 9001 BS 5750 ISO 14001
. BS 7750
BS 8800:1996
. BS 8800
. BS7750 and BS5750
ISO
. ISO
.

.
OHSAS

. :

SGS & ISMOL ISA 2000: 1997 Requirements for Safety and Health
Management System.

BVQI Safety Cert. Occupational Safety and Health Management

Standard.

DNV Standard for Certification of Occupational Health and Safety

)Management Systems (OHSMS: 1997

Draft AS/NZ 4801 Occupational Health and Safety Management

Systems Specifications with guidance for use.

Draft BSI PAS 088 Occupational Health and Safety Management

Systems.

Draft LRQA SMS 8800 Health & Safety management system

assessment criteria.
BS 8800
:
1996
UK
BS 8800 Guidelines
1993
Eire
NSAI SR - 320
1997
Netherlands
NNI 500
1998
Australia/Newzeland
AS / NZ 4801
1998
Spain
AENOR UNE 8900 series
1999
Thailand
TIS 18001

 13 )
(International Certification Bodies BSI
OHSAS 18001 :1999
) (OHSAS 18001 :1999 :
ISO 9001 ISO 14001
.
. SA 8000:Social Accountability System :
) (OHSAS 18001 :2007
ISO Number .
) (OHSAS 18001 1999 .2007
) (OHSAS 18002 2000 .2007

10

 OHSAS 18001 :2007

) (OHSAS 18001 )
( OHSAS 18002
.
) (OHSAS 18001
:
) ISO 9001 . (ISO 14001
.

) ( .
.
:
-4-1 .
-4-2 .
-4-3 :
-4-3-1 .
-4-3-2 .
-4-3-3 .
-4-4 :
-4-4-1 .
-4-4-2 .
-4-4-3 .
4-4-3-1
4-4-3-2
-4-4-4 .
-4-4-5 .
-4-4-6 .
-4-4-7 .
-4-5
-4-5-1 .
-4-5-2
-4-5-3 .
4-5-3-1
4-5-3-2 .
-4-5-4 .
-4-5-5 .
-4-6

11

 :OHSAS 18002
OHSAS 18001 :2007

.
OHSAS 18002 .

. BS 8800 .
OHSAS 18002 :

.
) (OHSAS 18001 . 2007 )
(OHSAS 18002 ) . (2007
: OHSAS 18001 :2007
:
: .
:
: .
:
: .
:
:
.
:
: .
:
:
.
.

12

 :
ISO 14001

.
) ISO
( 14001
.
1996 BS 8800:1996

.
1999 ) (OHSAS 18001 2007
) (OHSAS 18002
.
) (OHSAS 18001
) ISO 9001 ISO
. ((14001
.
) (OHSAS 18001 )
(ISO 14001 .
) (OHSAS 18001
: ISO 9001
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
-

13


OHSAS 18001 :2007

) (OHSAS 18001: 2007
.

14

 - 1

Scope -1

) (OHSAS 18001
.

. .
.
) (OHSAS 18001 :
-
.
- .
- .
- .
- / .
- ). (OHSAS 18001

.
) (OHSAS 18001
.

.

.
) (OHSAS 18001

.

15

 -2 Terms and Definitions

2-1 Acceptable risk


2-2 Audit


2-3

.Continual Improvement

.
: .
: .
: .
:
.
2-4 Corrective action
.
:
: .
2-5

:

2-6 Hazard
.
Hazard Identification
2-7
.
2-8
/ /
.
2-9 Incident
) ( .
: .
: ) ( ) (
) ( ) (.
:
2-10 Interested party
16

 ) (3.23 /
.
2-11 Nonconformity
" "
:
..........
.
2-12 )Occupational health and safety (OH&S
)
( .
:
.
2-13

.
: ) - -
( .
2-14 Objectives
.
: )( .
:
2-15 Performance

.
: .
2-16

: .
Organization
2-17

.
: .
2-18 )( preventive Action
.
2-19 Risk
.

17

 2-20 Risk Assessment

-
.
2-21
.
:
.

18


4-1
-

General Requirements

Organization

OH & S Management System

Continuous Improvement

19


Planning

OH & S MS

Review

Implementation

Based on

Checking

4-2

OH & S Policy

Top Management

Authorized

OH & S Policy

:
:
.
-1
.
-2
)(
-3
.

-4
Documented :
-5
Implemented Maintained
-6

Available Interested Parties
-7
.
-8

20

 OH & S Policy
.

.
OHSAS 18002 )
( .


.
) (
.

:

.
:
:


.
:) (Zero accidents when accidents are common
)
(Major Corrective Action
.
Policy linked to safety and health hazards 2-4 :
.
.

)
( )
(
.
)
) (Initial Status Review ( .


.

.

21

 :

.

.
Available to interested parties
)

(available on request by interested parties

) ( .
ISO14001
OHSAS 18001 )
( .
:
.

. ILO

. Shareholders

:
:
" ) (
"

.
.
.
:
.

6-4

.
22

 :
:
" "
Continual Improvement

:
) . (Staris wave Not Sin wave
: .
:
.
: .
OHSAS 18001 :

.
OHSAS 18001
.

.

.
.

.
:
Suppliers
)(
Raw materials / Technology

Design

23

:
) (
.
) ( .
.
.
.
.
:
)
-( .
/ .

:
.

:
.
.

:
.
) (
/ / .
Planning
4-3
) (P-D-C-A :
.

)( .

24

 3-3-1
Planning for hazard identification, risk assessment and determining controls

Organization

.
Establish & Maintain
)(a)Procedure(s

:
.
). (
.

.

.
.

.
.

.
:

: )
. (OHSAS 18002
:
:
.

25

 .
) (HIRA .
HIRARC = Hazard Identification, Risk Assessment, Risk Control

Identify all Hazards

Evaluate the Risk

Develop Controls

Implement Controls

Review Adequacy of Controls

26


.
.
) (HIRA
.Hazard Identification Rissk Assessment
.
:

) (

.
.

.
.
:
Hazard Identification

Source Identification

Dose Response Assessment

- Epidemiological

Information
- Laboratory Experiment
- MSDS Data

Exposure Assessment

Risk Characterization

Risk Management & Control

Process of health hazard recognition, evaluation and control

27

 1-3-4
-

.
) (Document Review
) (Stage 1 Pre-audit .

1-3-4
) (Major Non-conformance .

.
) (HIRA ) ( .

) "
"( .

:
OHSAS 18001 .

.
.

.

92
2007 :
- 1

= + Risk = Propability + Sevirity
) (scale 1 5
) (scale 1 3
:

) (
1

2
) (

) 1 2 (
3
) 3 5 (
4
28

-2 :

4
5
6
7

3
4
5
6

2
3
4
5

1
2
3
4

1
2
3

- 3 ) (
) 2 (3
) 4 (6
)(7


.
OHSAS 18002 : :
.
OHSAS 18001 : 1-3-4
.
. 1-3-4 : : .

... .
:

OHSAS 18001
) ( .
:
. Consistent

29

 : OHSAS 18001: 2007

:
)(

)(

/ /

.
:
/ ..

)( .

) ( .
: : OHSAS 18001

:
.

) " "( .
.

OHSAS 18001 :

.

)
( .

30

 )( :
.

.
:
)(

) ..( .
) (.

.
.
: HIRA
-

.
HIRA
.

.

.

.

.

. .

.

:
Hazard Risk .

. .
) (very hazardous )(Low Risk
.
) ( . .
.
: .
HIRA
.

31

 OHSAS 18002 :
.

.
OHSAS 18001 : 1-3-4
.
. :
Brainstorming

Inspection

Use of loss exposure checklist

Review of all activities and processes

Job Hazard Analysis

Review of chemical and equipment inventories

Review of legal requirements

Review of similar industries

) ( :

.......
.
) 3-5-4 ( :
... :
.
:
.
.


.
)
" " Ergonomic ( .

)( ) . (...
:
) (.

) .(...

) ( .

32

 :
:
) / ( .

Risk Elimination

) / (.
Risk Reduction

) ( .
Loss Minimization

Risk Transfer

.
.
Risk awareness and toleration, risks are known but tolerated

.

.
.
Stages of Control

.
) ( .
:

) (

33

 4-3-2

Organization

Legal & other Requirements

Establish & Maintain a Procedure

. . :
-

National Standards

Industry Standards . Codes of Practices
Requirements of interested Parties

.

) (2-3-4 :
.

.
OHSAS 18001
.
OHSAS 18001
)
( .
OHSAS 18002
) ( .

.

.

34

 4-3-3

Organization

Objectives & Programs

Establish & Maintain

Organization

)(
)OH & S Programme(s

Establish & Maintain

: .
:

.
: - 1 .
-2 .

35

 ) (3-3-4 :
) (2-4 :
:
.

. (Sub-objectives or targets

.
.
:
.

.
.

) (
.
) : ) ( /
(

36

 -4-4

Implementation & Operation

4-4-1
Resources, roles, responsibility, accountability and authority

Organization

. :
.

.
) ( :

:
-
OHSAS 18001
- :

.
.
:
37

 .

.
) (

.
.
OHSAS 18002 . .
.
.
. - .

38

 4-4-2

Training, Awareness and Competence

) (Competence
.
:
/ .
.-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Organization

Establish & Maintain Procedure

) ( )(
.

) . (7-4-4

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-

:
.

:
OHSAS 18001 :
.

.
39

) (
.

) (

.

40

 4-4-3 Communication, participation and

consultation

Organization

Shall have procedures

.

-1

-2
)
-3
(... )
. (...
:
Receiving

Documenting

Responding to

.
.
:

.
) (1-4-4

.
:
) (Safety Culture
.
3-4-4 : ISO 14001 & ISO 9001:2000
3-4-4 OHSAS 18001
.
41

OHSAS 18002 :

) ( .

.

.
.

.

:
.
.
.
OHSAS 18002 :

) ( .
:

.
)
:
( .

.

: .

.
.

) "
"( .

42

Documentation

4-4-4

Organization

Establish & Maintain

: .
:
.
.
/ .
.
.
.
OHSAS 18001 .

.
) (ISO 14001 & ISO 9001:2000
.
OHSAS 18001
) (
.
:
.

) . . (a 6-4-4
-

43

The sign posting documents:

- Policy.
- Safety & Health Manual
- Responsibilities & authorities

Level 1

- Objectives.

Level 2

System Procedures

Level 3

Operational Control Procedures and Technical

Instructions

Level 4

4-4-5

Data Lists Records,etc

Document Control

OHSAS
18001

Organization

Establish & Maintain Procedure

:
.
-

) ( .

.


.

44

 4-4-6 Operational Control

:
) (
.
:
:
-

) / (.
Risk Elimination

) / ( .
Risk Reduction

) ( .
Loss Minimization
Risk Transfer
.

.
awareness and toleration, risks are known but tolerated

Risk

.
.
) (
) (Engineering Contr additional device
). (PPE

.
.
) (
.
)(
.
)(7-4-4

45

 4-4-6

Operational Control

) (Identify

)
(.

) (Operating Criteria .

/

.

46

:


-

47


:






:








:



:










:

MSDSS

48

:


:


) (

MSDS
-

.
/

:
.

.
.

49

 4-4-7 Emergency Preparedness and Response

Organization
Shall establish & maintain plans & procedures

.
.

Shall review

) (
Periodically test

.
.
.
: .

50

.
.

) (
) = 4.4.6 (

) (

51

:

.
.
:

) (

) (

) (

) (

52

) control (

) (

) (

53

54

)(

55

 :

.
:
.

.

.
.

.
.

56

 4-5 Checking

4-5-1

Performance measurement and monitoring

Organization

) (

Establish & Maintain Procedure

:
-

.
) (monitor ) (accidents
incidents including near-misses
.
.

:
. - .

57

 ): (1-5-4
) ( .
:

) (Safety inspection
) ( .
.
Proactive performance measurement :

)(

.
(Medical health check for personnel working in specific industries, e.g. Asbestos,
)Radiation, lead ... etc.

Reactive performance measurement

) (monitor ) (accidents

incidents including near-misses
.
.
including near
((misses .

.

Safety Inspections and Measurements

.
:
.

.
: .
: .

58

 .
) (
.
-

3 :
)
) ((...


-

6

.

.
" "

.
.
.

:
:

.
-1 :
:

.

.
-2 :

:
-
:


) (

59

 ) -( .

60

 -
Incidence Rate :
1000000
X100000
= --------------------------

.
:

X
=------------------------------------------------------------------------------
X X
.
:
:
X
= ------------------------------------------------------------------------
X X
.
:

.

61

Examples of proactive performance measures include:

Percentage of procedures reviewed
Percentage of required task hazard analysis conducted
Percentage of required work instructions completed
Percentage of required group meetings conducted
Percentage of PPE compliance
Percentage of compliance with Training Plan
Percentage of required purchase specifications evaluated
Percentage of required emergency drills completed
Percentage of required workers having taken the audiometric test
Percentage of required preventive maintenance completed on time
Percentage of chemicals and materials with latest MSDS
Percentage of internal audits carried out as planned
The number of non-conformances in an internal audit.

62

 4-5-2 Evaluation of complance 4-5-4

Organization

Establish & Maintain Procedure

.

.

63

 4-5-3
4-5-3 Incident investigation , nonconformity and corrective action and
preventive action
Organization

Establish and Maintain

:

:
-

:
.

.
.
) (near misses
.

.
) (
.

.

) . (1-3-4

.

64

 4-5-4

Organization

Records and records management 4.5.4

Establish and Maintain

) . (OHSAS 18001

65

Internal audit 4.5.5

4-5-5

Organization

Establish and Maintain

:(
OHSAS 18001 .
.
.
.(
.(

:Scope

Frequency

Methodologies

Competencies

Responsibilities
Requirements for Conducting Audits
Reporting Results

. : )( .

66

 4-6 Management Review 4.6

Organization
) (

-
-
-
-

.
.
:










:




.

67