IMF Glossary

English
100 percent reserve banking

narrow banking
1977 Decision on Surveillance over Exchange Rate Policies

1977 Surveillance Decision
2007 Decision on Bilateral Surveillance
Arabic
2007

a few
a number of
[IMF]
AAA debtor
AAA rating
triple-A rating
Abenomics
abode
above face value

[securities]
above par
above par value
at a premium
above par value
above the line
IMF GLOSSARY WEB 2014 ENGLISH-ARABIC
International Monetary Fund The data herein may not be disseminated in any form without prior written permission of the IMF
Page 1
above-the-line item
[budget]
above-the-line entry
absentee rate
absolute advantage
absolute return fund
hedge fund
absolute value
absorbed company
[enterprises]
absorbing company
[enterprises]
surviving company
absorption approach to the balance of trade

absorption approach
absorptive capacity
absorption capacity
abstract number
abstract of title
Abu Dhabi Fund for Arab Economic Development
ADFAED
accelerated cost recovery system
ACRS
Page 2
accelerated purchase
accelerated rate of depreciation

accelerated depreciation
acceleration clause
acceptance credit
acceptance house
acceptance limit
( )
[SDR designation]
acceptance of membership
[BL]
acceptance of SDRs
access limit
[IMF]
access policy and access limits
[IMF]
access policy
[IMF]
access to a facility
[IMF]
access to the market
Page 3
accession country
accommodative monetary policy
accommodating policy
accommodating stance
accommodation
easy monetary policy
monetary accommodation
monetary policy monetary policy accommodation
accountability
[GFSM]
Accounting and Auditing Organization for Islamic Financial Institutions
[FSIG]
AAOIFI
accounting concept
accounting conventions
[GDDS]
accounting currency
accounting date
[BPM5]

[1993 - ]
accounting equation
balance sheet equation
accounting identity
accounting practices
accounting methods
accounting procedures
accounting rate
book rate
Page 4
accounting system
accounting unit
accounting entity
accounts and departments

[IMF]
accounts of the IMF in member countries
IMF accounts in member countries
Accounts Payable Unit

[FIN/AX/AP]
accounts payable
payables
accounts receivable
Accra Agenda for Action

AAA
Triple A
accrual basis
accrual basis accounting

accrual accounting
accruals
[accounting]
Page 5
accrued charges
[IMF]
accrued expenses
[accounting]
accrued income
accrued revenue
accrued asset
accrued interest
accrued interest receivable
accrued to the date of liquidation
[AA]
accrued depreciation
accumulation account
accumulation flows
accumulated depreciation
accumulation of arrears
acid-test ratio
[USA]
quick asset ratio
quick ratio
cash ratio
[corporations]
absolute liquid ratio
Page 6
ACP-EEC Convention (between the African, Caribbean, and Pacific States and
the European Economic Community)
Lom Convention
acquaintance mission
[IMF]
exploratory mission
acquired rights clause

grandfather clause
acquisition
acquisition approach
[CPI; GFSM 2001; MFSM 2000]
acquisition approach to interest expense
acquisition of non-produced, nonfinancial assets

[BPM5, SNA]
acquisition of SDRs

[1993 -]

[IMF]
act of consent
[IMF quotas]
act of God
natural disaster
..
Acting ...
[IMF]
Action Program for Development
actionable subsidy
Page 7
activate
activation period
activation review
[CCL]
active claim
active management
active portfolio rebalancing
activist policy
discretionary policy
active policy
activity ratio
activity report
[IMF]
actual final consumption
actual GNP
actual income
actual interest yield

effective yield
Page 8
actual rate of return
actuals
actuarial reserve
[insurance]
actuarial valuation
actuary's valuation
ad hoc quota boosters
ad hoc quota increase
ad hoc request
[IMF quotas]
ad hoc
[committee]
ad referendum

( )
ad valorem tariff
ad valorem
[taxation]
Adaptation Fund
adaptive efficiency
adaptive expectations
Page 9
adaptive research
additionality
additivity
adequacy of financing
adequacy of reserves
reserves adequacy
adequate safeguards
[IMF]
adjustable exchange rate
adjustable rate
floating interest rate
floating rate
variable rate
variable-rate interest
adjusted overall fiscal balance

[GFSM 2001]
adjustment equation
adjustment fatigue
adjustment of charges
[IMF]
adjustment of quotas
[IMF]
Page 10
adjustment of the peg
adjustment path
adjustment process
adjustment program
[IMF]
adjustment to cash basis

[IFS]
adjustment to cash
adjustment transaction
[GFS 1986]
adjustment with growth
Administered Account - country
( )
[IMF - contribution from a country]
Administered Account
[IMF]
administered price
controlled price
administrative price
administration of control
[AREAER]
administration of liquidation
[AA]

[1993-]
administration of restrictions
[IMF]
Page 11
administrative action
administrative budget
[IMF]
Administrative Division
[INS/AV]
Administrative Expenditures and Control Division
[FIN/AX]
AECD
administrative expenses
[IMF]
administrative costs
administrative fees and charges
[GFS 1986]
Administrative Law Unit
[IMF-LEG]
Administrative Payments Section
[FIN/AX/AP]
administrative receivership
[insolvency, UK]
Administrative Services Division
[SEC/ASD]
Administrative Services
[TGS/D]
Administrative Tribunal
[IMF]
Page 12
advance
advance deposit
import deposit
advance mission
[IMF]
advance redemption
advance repayment
adverse feedback loop

negative feedback loop
adverse option
[audit]
adverse opinion
adverse audit opinion
adverse selection
[banking; insurance]
Advisor on Diversity, Senior
[IMF-HRD]
Advisor on Work Practices
[IMF-OMD]
Advisor to the Executive Director
[IMF-OED]
Advisor
[IMF]
Advisor, Senior
[IMF]
Page 13
Advisory Committee on Risk Management
ACRM
Advisory Group on Sub-Saharan Africa
AGSA
advisory opinion
advisory report
[IMF]
affiliated enterprise
affiliate
affluence test
means test
affluent society
Africa Action Plan

[G-8]
G8 Africa Action Plan

Kananaskis Africa Action Plan
Africa Capacity Building Initiative
[IMF]
Africa Regional Division

[MCM/R1]
Africa Training Institute
ATI
African Caucus
[IMF]
( )
( )
Page 14
African Common Market
African Consultative Group
ACG
African Department
[IMF]
AFR
African Development Bank

AfDB
ADB
African Development Fund

AfDF
ADF
African Division
[INS/AC]
African Financial Community

[BCEAO]
CFA
African Group I
[IMF-IBRD]
(1)
(1)
Africa Group I Constituency
African Group II
[IMF-IBRD]
(2)
(2)
Africa Group II Constituency
African Group
[IMF-IBRD]
Group of African Governors

African Caucus
Page 15
African Regional Technical Assistance Center
AFRITAC
African Round Table
African Union
AU
African, Caribbean and Pacific Group of States
ACP Group
ACP States
after taxes
agency
agency bank
agency bond
agency debt
agency fee
[capital market]
Agency for International Development
[USA]
AID
USAID
agency transaction
[GFS 1986]
Page 16
Agenda and Procedures Committee
[IMF]
APC
agent
agent's fees
[BPM5]

[1993 -]

agflation
agglomeration economies
aggregate calculated quota share
aggregate demand
aggregate real gross national product
aggregate real GNP
aggregation
aggregation bias
aggregation clause
aggregation, degree of
aggregator bank
bad bank
aging of the population

aging population
Page 17
agreed higher limit

[IMF, access policy]
agreed minute
[Paris Club]
agreement
agreement in principle
[debt restructuring]
agreement, use by
[SDR]
agroindustries
agricultural exporter
agricultural extension services
agribusiness
agricultural extension
extension services
agriculture, forestry, fishing, and hunting
[GFSM; GFSY]
aid effectiveness
aid flows
aid fragmentation
aid-dependence syndrome
Page 18
aide-mmoire
[IMF]
air transport
[GFSM; BPM5]

[1993 -]

Alliance for Financial Inclusion

AFI
allocate
allocation
allocation cartel

( )
allocation mechanism
allocation of SDRs
SDR allocation
allocations and allotments
[GFS 1986]
allocative efficiency of resources

Pareto efficiency
Pareto optimal
Pareto optimality
Paretian optimality
allocative key
allotted number of votes
[IMF]
Page 19
alternative minimum tax

[USA]
alternative scenario
[WEO]
alternative sources of energy
Alternative-A Mortgage
[USA]
ALT-A Mortgage
Amanah deposit
[Islamic banking]
amended Articles of Agreement

[IMF]
Articles of Agreement as amended
amendment (to the Articles of Agreement)
( )
[IMF]
amendment
[SNA93]
[1993-]

American depositary receipt

[USA]
ADR
American depositary share
ADS
American Recovery and Reinvestment Act
Recovery Act
American-style option
[securities market]
American option
Page 20
AML supervisory principles
amortization

( )

amortization profile
amount of access
( )
[IMF]
amount outstanding
amount payable forthwith
analytic framework
analytical framework
anchor currency
anchor
[monetary policy]
anchored inflation expectations
ancillary departmental enterprise

[1989 - ]
ancillary meetings
[IMF-IBRD Annual Meetings]
ancillary services
Andean Group
Page 21
annual arrangement
[ESAF, PRGF]
Annual Bank Conference on Development Economics
[World Bank]
ABCDE
Annual Meetings (of the Boards of Governors) of the International Monetary

Fund and the World Bank
[IMF-World Bank]
Annual Meetings of the Board of Governors
Annual Meetings
Annual Report of the Executive Board
[IMF]
Annual Report
Annual Report on Exchange Arrangements and Exchange Restrictions
[IMF; publication not translated]

AREAER
ARER
Annual Report on Portfolio Performance
[IBRD]
ARPP
annual risk management report
annuity
anticipated growth rate
anticipatory purchase

[]
Page 22
anticompetitive practices
anticyclical reserve fund
anticyclical tax
antidumping duty
anti-money laundering
AML
Anti-Money Laundering/Combating the Financing of Terrorism Topical Trust

Fund
anti-money laundering/combating the financing of terrorism
AML/CFT
apex institution
application for membership
[IMF]
appointed Executive Director
[IMF]
apportionment of appropriations
[USA]
appreciate
appropriate market rate

[debt]
( )

AMR
appropriation
Page 23
appropriation ceiling
appropriation-in-aid
[budget]
Arab accounting dinar

[AMF]
AAD
Arab Bank for Economic Development in Africa
ABEDA
BADEA
Arab Common Market

ACM
Arab Convention on the Suppression of Terrorism
Arab Educational, Cultural and Scientific Organization
ALECSO
Arab Fund for Economic and Social Development
AFESD
Arab Industrial Development and Mining Organization
AIDMO
Arab League
Arab Maghreb Union
AMU
Arab Monetary Fund
AMF
Page 24
Arab Planning Institute

API
Arab Tourism Federation

ATU
Arab Tourism Organization

ATU
Arab-African Union
Arabic Section
[TGS]
arbitrage
arbitrager
arbitrageur
arbitrary value
[tax assessment, statistics]
arbitration clause
arbitrator
[AA]
arc elasticity
Archives and Records Management Section
[TGS/DI/AR]
area department
[IMF]
Page 25
argument
[mathematics]
arithmetic mean
mean
arithmetical average
arithmetic average
[CPI]
arm's length pricing principle

arm's length price
arm's length
[trade]
Arrangement Regarding International Trade in Textiles

[GATT]
Multifibre Arrangement
arrangement
[IMF]
arrangements
array
arrears country
[IMF]
country with payment arrears
Arrow-Debreu model
Article IV
Page 26
Article IV consultation discussions
[IMF]
consultation discussions
Article IV consultations
[IMF]
Article VIII country

[IMF]
Article VIII obligations

[IMF]
Articles of Agreement of the International Monetary Fund

[IMF]
Articles of Agreement
Fund Agreement
Articles of the Fund
artificial person
legal entity
corporation
corporate body
artisanal industry
cottage industry
as amended
ASEAN3
Asia and Pacific Department

3+

[IMF]
APD
Page 27
Asia and Pacific Regional Division
[MCM/R2]
Asian Clearing Union

ACU
Asian Currency Unit

ACU
Asian Development Bank

AsDB
ADB
Asian Development Fund

ADF
Asian Division
[INS/AN]
Asian dollar
Asian noodle bowl
Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation Forum

APEC
""
"
"

APEC Council
APEC Forum
Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation
Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation Council
Asia-Pacific Economic Forum
assessment letter
[IMF]
comfort letter
assessment statement
Page 28
assessment mission
[IMF-IBRD]
Assessment of Financial Sector Supervision and Regulation
AFSSR
assessment roll
[taxation]
assessment list
assessment
[SNA93]
assessor
[taxation]
asset
asset allocation
portfolio allocation
asset encumbrance
asset operation
asset preference
asset price bubble
""
bubble
asset bubble
asset stripping
Page 29
asset swap
asset-backed commercial paper
ABCP
asset-backed securities
ABS
asset-based security collateralized debt obligation
ABS CDO security

ABS CDO
assignment
Assistant Director
[IMF]
Assistant to the Director

[IMF]
Assistant to the Secretary

[IMF-SEC]
Associate
[IMF]
associated borrowing arrangement

[IMF, GAB]
associated agreement
associated enterprise
associate
associated company
Association for Financial Markets in Europe
AFME
Page 30
Association of Southeast Asian Nations
( )
ASEAN
assumption
assumption of debt
debt assumption
assumption of normality
normality assumption
asymptote
asymptotically efficient estimate
Atlantic Division
[WHD/AT]
attendance list
at-the-money option
attribution of production
attrition rate
auction price
[economics]
auction rate
[exchange rates]
Page 31
auction sale
auction
audit
audit committee
audit firm rotation
audit office
auditing department
audit opinion
audit partner rotation
audit testing
[USA]
audit trail
audited financial statements
auditing standard
audit standard
Auditor
[IMF-OIA]
Auditor, Senior
[IMF-OIA]
Page 32
augmentation of resources
( )
[IMF]
augmented resources
[IMF]
augmented Fund resources
austerity program
authority to allocate special drawing rights
authorized bank
[exchange market]
authorized capital
autocorrelation
serial correlation
Automated Clearing House

ACH
automated standard application for payments
ASAP
automated teller machine

[banking]
ATM
automatic budgetary stabilizer
automatic data processing

ADP
automatic fiscal stabilizers
Page 33
automatic stabilizer
built-in stabilizer
Automatic Transfer Services Account
[USA]
ATS Account
autonomous consumption
autonomous investment
autonomous variable
autoregression
auxiliary services
availability fee
average daily balance
average effective tax rate
AETR
Average Petroleum Spot Prices
[IMF, WEO]
APSP
Average Petroleum Spot Price
average-inflation country
avian flu pandemic
Page 34
avian influenza
avian flu
bird flu
avoidance of cross-conditionality
[IMF]
( )
award
[procurement]
back office
backcast
backcasting
background paper
back-loading
[IMF]
backstop
backstopping facilities
backtest
[bank supervision]
backtesting
back-to-back credit
back-to-back loan
back-to-back missions
[IMF]
Page 35

48
back-to-office report
BTO
forty-eight-hour report
debrief
][IMF
back-up line
backward linkage
][industry
backward shifting
backwardation
backward-looking formula
bad asset
bad loan
bad debt
][accounting
bail out
rescue
bail-in
Page 36
bail in
bail-in powers
( )
bailout
rescue
balance of payments analysis
Balance of Payments and External Debt Division I, II
()( )
[STA/A1, A2]
balance of payments assistance

balance of payments support
Balance of Payments Compilation Guide
balance of payments constraint
balance of payments deficit

payments deficit
balance of payments equilibrium
balance of payments flows
balance of payments identity

[BOP]
Balance of Payments Manual

[IMF]
BPM
balance of payments need

[IMF]
balance of payments position

payments position
Page 37
balance of payments statement

[BPM5]
Balance of Payments Statistics Yearbook

[1993 - ]

[IMF]
BOPSY
balance of payments statistics
BOP statistics
balance of payments surplus
balance of payments test
[IMF]
balance of payments
[IFS; SNA93]
balance of risks
balance of trade
trade balance
[IFS]
balance on hand
balance sheet account
balance sheet accounting

[SNA 93]
balance sheet approach to financial crisis

balance sheet approach
BSA
Page 38
Balance Sheet Assessment

BSA
balance sheet cleansing

balance sheet clean-up
balance sheet consolidation

consolidation of balance sheets
consolidated balance sheet
balance sheet mismatch
balance sheet repair
balance sheet value
[SNA, BPM5]
balance sheet
general balance sheet
statement of financial position
statement of financial condition
statement of condition
statement of assets and liabilities
balance sheet statement
balance
[SNA93; accounting]
balanced budget multiplier
balanced budget
neutral budget
balanced distribution of holdings
[IMF]
Page 39
balanced positions
[IMF]
balance-sheet effect
balancing item
balancing statement
[SNA]
Balassa-Samuelson Effect
Bali Roadmap
balloon loan
Baltic countries, Russia, and other countries of the former Soviet Union
BRO
bank advisory committee

[London Club]
advisory committee
steering committee
bank assessment
bank call report form
bank report form

report form
[IFS]
bank call report
call report
bank cash ratio
Page 40
bank draft
[SNA93]
banker's draft
bank examination
bank failure
Bank for International Settlements

BIS
bank holding company

[FSIG]
bank liquidity ratio
bank loan
[GFS 1986]
bank advances
bank money
Bank of Central African States

BEAC
bank of issue
currency issuing agency
bank recovery and resolution
Bank Recovery and Resolution Directive

BRRD
bank resolution mechanism
Page 41
bank run
bank panic
run on a bank
run on deposits
bank secrecy
bank supervision
banking supervision
bank supervisors
Bank/Fund Conferences Office
[SEC/AI/BF]
BFCO
banker's acceptance
bank acceptance
bankers' bank
bankers' deposit
[central bank]
bankers' reserves
Bank-Fund Financial Sector Liaison Committee
( )

[IMF-WB]
FSLC
banking
banking authorities
Page 42
banking book
banking soundness
banking survey
[GMBS; IFS]
banklike institutions, other
[GMBS]
banknote migration
banknote, uncirculated
[BOP]
banknotes and coins

[1993 -]

bankruptcy
bankruptcy law
bar chart
bar graph
bar
[gold]
bargaining position
bargaining power
Page 43
barrier to entry
[trade]
barter
barter economy
base money
monetary base
reserve money
central bank money
high-powered money
base period
base year
[statistics]
reference year
Basel Capital Accord
[BIS]
Basel capital adequacy ratio

[MPI]
capital adequacy rules
Basel capital deductions
[MPI]
Basel capital
[MPI]
Basel Committee on Banking Supervision

BCBS
Basel Committee
Cooke Committee
Page 44
Basel II
[BIS]
Basel III requirements
baseline projection
baseline scenario
[IMF]
reference scenario
RS
benchmark scenario
trend scenario
business-as-usual scenario
BAU
nonintervention scenario
base-to-income elasticity
base-weighted price index

base-weighted index
Laspeyres index
[FSIG]
BASIC
"BASIC"

basic balance
[BPM5]
basic foodstuffs
staples
basic needs poverty line
Page 45
basic period
[IMF]
basic rate of charge

[IMF]
basic vote
[IMF]
basis
basis of assessment
basis of recording
[GFSM 2001]
basis of reporting
basis point
BPS
basis risk
basket peg
basket pegging
composite peg
bear market
[securities exchange]
bearish market
bear operator
bear
bearer bill
bearer note
Page 46
bearer instrument
bearer paper
bearer security
before taxes
pretax
beggar-my-neighbor policy
beggar-thy-neighbor policy
behavior variable
behavioral equation
behavioral equilibrium exchange rate
BEER
below the line

[BPM5, GFS 1986]
below-the-line item
benchmark bond index
[IMF]
benchmark ratio
[SDR allocation]
benchmark
[IMF, PRGF]
performance benchmark
benchmarking
Page 47
benchmarking club
beneficial ownership
[securities settlement systems]
beneficial owner
beneficial interest holder
beneficial interest
benefit incidence analysis
benefit principle of taxation
benefit
benefits
Benefits Administration Unit

[HRD/SB/BA/ ...]
Benelux Economic Union
benevolent social planner
benign neglect
best case scenario

optimistic scenario
best estimate
best practices
BP
Page 48
better-policies scenario
[WEO]
best-policies scenario
optimistic scenario
( )
bias
[statistics]
biased estimator
biased sample
biased
[statistics]
bicyclic procedure
[IMF consultations]
bi-cycle
bid price
( )
bid
tender
bid-ask spread
( )
[FSIG; MPI]
bidder
tenderer
bid-offer spread
[exchange rates]
biennial consultation
[IMF]
Page 49
biennial surveillance review
BSR
Biennial Review of Surveillance
big bang reform

big bang
big-push theory
bilateral and multilateral surveillance
bilateral central rate

[EMS]
" "
" "

""
( )

bilateral creditor
[HIPC Initiative]
bilateral monopoly
bilateral payments agreement

[GMBS]
bilateral payments arrangement
bilateral statements
[BPM5]
bilateral surveillance
[IMF]
Article IV surveillance
bilateral trade weight
bill
Page 50
bill of exchange
draft
[IMF]
bill of quantities
billion
[IMF-IBRD; USA]
bimetallic standard
bimetallism
bi-metalism
bimodal distribution
binding
binomial distribution
bipolar view
bivariate distribution
black economy
Black Friday
black market
[SNA93]
Black Scholes options pricing model
black swan
black swan event
Page 51
blackout period
blanket tax holiday
blend country
[IBRD-IDA]
blended GDP variable
blending of resources
blending
block grant
[USA]
blocked account
[GMBS]
blue chip
gilt-edged security
[GBR]
Board Briefing
Informal Board Briefing
Board Discussion
board lot
round lot
Board of Executive Directors
[WB]
Board
Page 52
Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System

[USA]
Federal Reserve Board

FRB
Board of Governors
[IMF]
board seminar
Board Work Program Unit
[SEC/AI]
bona fide
bond
Bond Clearing House

[EC]
""
EUROCLEAR
bond coupon
coupon
bond issue
bond market
fixed-income market
bond mutual fund
bond portfolio
holdings of bonds
Page 53
bond seniority
debt warrant
bonded debt
bond warrant
bonded indebtedness
bonded good
bonds and notes
bonds payable
bonds with optional maturity dates
[BOP]
bonus interest rate
bonus share
bonus stock
book building
book profit
book runner
book-entry security
paperless security
bookkeeping
[BPM5]
Page 54
books and records

[accounting]
accounting records
accounting documents
book-to-bill ratio
boom-bust cycle
boom and bust

boom-and-bust cycle
border tax adjustment
border trade
border worker
borderline case
borrowed reserves
Borrowed Resources Suspense Accounts
[IMF]
BRSA
borrowed resources
[IMF]
borrowing arrangement
[IMF]
borrowing agreement
borrowing capacity
borrowing rate
Page 55
borrowing ratio
[IMF borrowing]
borrowing requirement
borrowing space
borrowing-quota ratio
[IMF borrowing]
bottleneck inflation
bracket creep
[taxation]
bracket progression
" "
Brady bond
Brady debt
" "
Brady Plan
branch
[1993 - ]

branchless banking
mobile banking
" "
Brazil, Russia, India and China Club

BRIC Club
BRICs
Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa

BRICS
Page 56
breakdown
breaking out
break-even point
Brent crude oil

Brent crude
Bretton Woods Institutions

BWI
Bretton Woods system

[exchange rates]
bridge table
[statistics]
briefing
briefing note
broad financial market
broadening of the tax base
broadly defined money supply

broad money
money broadly
broker
stockbroker
Page 57
brokerage fee
brokerage

[1993 - ]

brokerage house
brokerage firm
brokerage company
broker-dealer
brokered funds
brokered deposits
brownfield investment
brown field investment
Brussels Office
[IMF-EUR]
EUO/BR
brute force fiscal adjustment

" "
bubble economy
budget appropriation process

budget appropriation
appropriation
budgetary appropriation
budgetary appropriation process
budget bottom line
bottom line
budget calendar
budget constraint
Page 58
budget cut
budget deficit
budget gap
budget envelope
budget estimate
budget forecast
budget execution
budget framework law
budget institution
budgetary unit
spending agency
spending department
spending unit
budget law
approved budget
budget management
budget neutral
budget outturn
budget performance
budget presentation
Page 59
budget proposal
[GFS 1986]
draft budget
budget bill
Budget Reform Division

[OBP/BR]
budget savings
Budget Section
[INS/AI/BU]
budget sequester
Budget Strategy Division

[IMF-OBP/BS]
budget surplus
[realized surplus]
budget universality principle

general budget rule
budget year
budgetary account
budgetary balance
budgetary equilibrium
budgetary central government

[GFSY]
budgetary central government accounts

[GFS 1986]
Page 60
budgetary expenditure
budgetary outlay
fiscal expenditure
budgetary financing gap

budgetary gap
budgeted funds
budgeting
/
/
/
budgetization
)(
fiscalization
buff (paper)
( )
[IMF]
buff statement
Buff Document
" "
[IMF document series; BUFF/...]

BUFF
BUFF/ED Document
[IMF document series; BUFF/ED/...]
" " ]
[
BUFF/ED
buffer stock
Buffer Stock Financing Facility
[SNA93]
BSFF
building and loan associations
[SNA93]
Page 61
building block
[statistics, models]
building society
[GBR]
built-in elasticity of a tax system
bull market
( )

bullish market
bull operator
bull
bulldog bond
""
[GBR]
bullet loan
bunching of maturities
debt bunching
buoyancy
burden sharing (in the Fund's expenses)
( )
[IMF]
burden sharing
[IMF; BPM5]
burden
( )
( )
[IMF]
Page 62
burden-sharing mechanism
[IMF]
business accounting
business activity
business and professional licenses
[GFSY]
business climate
business community
business confidence
business continuity plan
business corporation
corporation
business cycle
economic cycle
trade cycle
boom-bust cycle
business day
working day
business expenses
representation expenses
business investment
Page 63
business license tax

occupational license tax
business plan
business profit tax
business profits
trading profits
business services
][BPM5, BPM6
business to business
B2B
business to consumer
B2C
e-tailing

] - [1993

] - [1993

business travel
][BPM5
business travelers
][BPM5
buy long
buy on margin
][securities
margin buying
Page 64
buy short
buy-and-hold investor
buyback agreement
debt buyback
debt repurchase
buyback arrangement
[WTO]
buyback
[WTO]
buy-down loan
[IBRD]
buyer's credit
[WTO]
buyer's market
soft market
buying exchange rate

buying rate
buyer's rate
bid rate
buying member
[IMF]
By-Laws
[IMF]
by-laws
By-Laws, Rules and Regulations
[IMF]
Page 65
by-product
c.i.f. valuation
byproduct
[BPM5]
Cafeteria
[IMF]
calculated market interest rate

calculated market rate
calculated quota share

[IMF]
share in calculated quotas

[IMF]
calendar year
call account
call for committed funds

call
call for subscribed capital
call in debt
call money
call option clause

call option
call provision
Page 66
call option
call
callable bond

""CAMEL
" "CAMELS
CAMELS composite rating

capital, assets, management, earnings, liquidity
CAMEL
cancellation of arrears
][BPM5
cancellation of SDRs
][IMF
cap
Capability Assessment Program
capacity building
capacity constraint
capacity constraints
capacity output
Page 67
capacity underutilization
underutilization
capacity utilization
capital
capital account convertibility
capital account crisis
capital account flows
[BPM5]
capital account
[budget]
capital adequacy
capital adequacy ratio

CAR
capital adequacy standards

[BIS]
capital and financial account
[BPM5]
capital asset
fixed asset
fixed capital
non-current asset
long-term asset
long-lived asset
plant and equipment
capital assets pricing model
CAPM
Page 68
capital base
capital budget
[IMF]
capital buffer
capital contributions
[BPM5]
capital controls
capital cost
cost of capital
capital deepening
capital expenditure
CAPEX
capital outlay
capital flight
[SNA93]
flight of funds
capital flow management measures
CFMs
capital flow reversal

reversal of capital flows
Page 69
capital flow
capital movements
capital formation
[SNA93]
capital gain
holding gains
capital gains tax
capital gearing ratio
gearing ratio
leverage
[corporate finance, USA]
gearing
[GBR]
financial gearing
capital good
producer good
capital income
capital intensiveness
capital intensity
capital investment
capital loss
capital market
Page 70
Capital Market Development and Financial Infrastructure Division
[MCM/CD]
capital revenue
[GFSY]
capital stock
capital subscriptions to international organizations
[BPM5]
capital transaction
capital transfer
capital value
capital widening
widening of capital
capital, excluding reserve assets

capital, excluding reserves
capital-asset ratio
[banking]
capital ratio
capital-debt ratio
equity-debt ratio
capital-exporting country
capital-importing country
Page 71
capital-intensive
capitalization (of interest)

[Paris Club]
capitalization bond
capitalized value
capital-labor ratio
capital-loan ratio
[banking]
capital-output ratio

/
/
caption
captive company
captive institution
carbon capture and storage
CCS
carbon capture
carbon credits
Page 72
carbon emissions trading scheme

carbon trading scheme
cap and trade scheme
carbon finance
carbon market
carbon pricing scheme

carbon pricing
carbon tax
Career Development Section

[HRD/SD/CD]
career stream
career pattern
cargo handling
[BPM5]
Caribbean Community
CARICOM
Caribbean Common Market
Caribbean Development Bank

CARIBANK
CDB
Caribbean Financial Action Task Force
[money laundering]
CFATF
Caribbean Free Trade Area
Page 73
()( )
Caribbean I, II Division
[WHD/C1, C2]
Caribbean Regional Technical Assistance Center
[IMF-CARICOM-UNDP]
CARTAC
" "
carousel fraud
missing trader fraud
[budget]
carry trade
carry over
carryforward
carryover
loss carryforward
loss carryover
tax loss carryforward
tax loss carryover
carrying cost (of inventories)
carrying value
carrying amount
written-down value
book value
Cartagena Agreement
Andean Subregional Integration Agreement
cartel
Page 74
cartelization
cascade tax
multistage cumulative tax
cascading
[taxation]
case study
cash
cash account
[IMF, SDA]
cash balance
cash basis accounting

cash accounting
cash basis reporting
[GFS 1986]
cash bond
cash buyback
[debt]
cash crop
cash economy
cash-based economy
Page 75
cash equivalent
[GFSM]
cash flow
cash flow budget

cash budget
cash plan
cash flow relief

cash relief
cash in bank
cash held by banks
cash in hand
cash on hand
[GFSM]
cash in rights
[IMF rights approach]
cash items
cash loan disbursement
cash loan
financial loan
cash management
cash margin
Page 76
cash market
physical market
spot market
cash payment
cash position
cash rate
overnight rate
call rate
call money rate

interbank call rate
overnight call money rate
cash ratio requirement

minimum cash requirement
cash settlement
cash voucher
[GFS 1986]
cashier's check
official check
treasurer's check
bank check
Cashier's
[FIN/AX/AP/CA]
casualty insurance
catalytic effect
Page 77
catch-up demand
categorical grant
[public finance]
special purpose grant
Caucasus and Central Asia

CCA
Cedel

""

ceiling price
Center for Latin American Monetary Studies
CEMLA
center of economic interest
[BPM5; GFSM]
Central Africa Regional Technical Assistance Center
[IMF]
Central AFRITAC
Central African Banking Commission
COBAC
Central African Customs and Economic Union
CACEU
Central African Economic and Monetary Community
CAEMC
Economic and Monetary Community of Central Africa
Central African Monetary Area
[BEAC]
CAMA
Page 78
Central African Monetary Union
CAMU
Central African States Development Bank
CASDB
Central American Common Market
CACM
Central American Division

[WHD/CA]
Central American Free Trade Agreement

CAFTA
Dominican Republic - Central America - United States Free Trade Agreement
CAFTA-DR
Central and Eastern European Countries
CEEC
Central Asia Regional Economic Cooperation Program
[ADB]
CAREC
central bank currency swaps
[BOP]
Central Bank Gold Agreement

CBGA
Washington Agreement on Gold
Central Bank of West African States
BCEAO
central bank
central banker
Page 79
central banking
Central Banking Division
[MCM/CB]
Central Division, I, II, III
()( )( )
[EUR/C1, C2, C3]
Central Files Unit

[TGS/ID/AR/CF]
central government
central limit theorem
central ministry
[budget]
central moment around the mean
central planning
Central Product Classification
[UN-EC, statistics]
CPC
central rate
[IMF]
central securities depositary
CSD
centrally planned economy
[SNA93]
CPE
Page 80
certificate of indebtedness
CI
certified check
marked check
certified bank check
[GMBS]
ceteris paribus
all other things being equal
other things equal
other things being equal
CFA Franc Zone

franc zone
franc area
chain index
chaining
chain linking
chair
[IMF Governance]
Chairman of the Executive Board

[IMF]
Chairman's Statement
[IMF]
Chairman's summing-up
[IMF, Executive Board]
change in holdings
[BPM5]
Page 81
change of ownership
changes in classifications and structure
[SNA93, BPM5]
changes in inventories
changes in stocks
charge
[in general]
chargeback
chart of accounts
charter
[banking]
cheap money policy

easy money policy
check clearing
check truncation
checkable deposit
checkable savings account

[IFS]
checks and balances system
checks and warrants issued
[GFS 1986]
Page 82
Chiang Mai initiative

CMI
[IMF-HRD]
Chinese Section
child allowance
[TGS]
choice-theoretic approach
choice-theoretic
churning
( )
[money laundering]

""

circuit breaker
[securities market]
circular flow
Civic & Community Relations Office
[IMF]
Civic & Community Relations Program
[IMF]
civil servant
[Balance of Payments Manual - 5th edition (BPM5)]
civil service
civil society organization
CSO
Page 83
Civil Society Policy Forum

CSPF
Civil Society Forum
civil society
civic society
claim paid
][insurance
claim
][finance
Page 84
claims on central government

][GMBS
claims on deposit money banks

][GMBS; IFS
claims on general government

][GFS 1986
claims on nonfinancial public enterprises

][GMBS; IFS
claims on non-life insurance

][BPM5
claims on nonresidents
][BPM5
claims on official entities

][GMBS; IFS
claims on other financial institutions

][GMBS; IFS
claims on private sector

[GMBS; IFS]
claims on state and local governments

[GMBS; IFS]
classical macroeconomic model
classification keys
[GFS 1986]
Classification of Individual Consumption according to Purpose
COICOP
Classification of Individual Consumption by Purpose
Classification of Products by Activities
[EU]
CPA
Classification of the Functions of Government

[UN]
COFOG
Classification of the Outlays of Producers According to Purpose
[UN; GFSM]
COPP
Classification of the Purposes of Non-Profit Institutions Serving Households

[UN]
COPNI
classified loan
classified asset
classified credit
adversely classified asset
scheduled item
Page 85
clear the market
clearing account
[IFS]
clearing arrangement
clearing bank
clearing house interbank payments system

CHIPS
clearinghouse
clearing house
[SNA93]
client due diligence

[money laundering]
customer due diligence
know your customer
know your client

KYC
Client Services Division
[TGS/IC]
cliff effect
close substitute
close the books
closed account
Page 86
closed economy
closed interest parity
covered interest rate parity

covered interest parity
closed position
closed-end grant
closed-end investment trust

investment trust
[BPM5]
closed-end investment company
closed-end investment fund
close-to-balance rule
[EU]
closing asset
closing liabilities
cluster
cluster sampling
cluster-based surveillance
cluster level surveillance
cobweb theorem
cobweb theory
Page 87
code of conduct
[IMF member]
Code of Good Practices on Fiscal Transparency (2007)

[IMF]
Code of Good Practices on Transparency in Monetary and Financial Policies:

Declaration of Principles

()
[IMF]
MFP Transparency Code
MFP Code
coefficient of determination
r squared
R
coefficient of variation
cofinancing arrangement
[IBRD]
cofinancing trust account
[IMF]
CTA
coinage
)(
coin(s)
coincident indicator
coincidental indicator
cointegration
[statistics]
collaboration with the World Bank
[IMF]
Page 88
collar
corridor
collate
[statistics]
collateral account
[IMF rights approach]
collateral pooling system
collateral security
collateral guarantee
collateral
[BPM6; GFSM]
collateral value
collateralize
collateralized bond
collateralized bond obligation
CBO
collateralized debt obligation

CDO
collateralized loan obligation

CLO
collateralized mortgage obligation

CMO
Page 89
collect tax
collection of data
gathering of data
collective action clause

[debt]
CAC
collective action problems

collective action problem
collective bargaining
collective bargaining agreement

collective labor agreement
labor contract
union contract
collective good
public good
social good
collective judgment
sense of the meeting
collective representation clause
collusion
collusive bidding
collusive tendering
bid rigging
Cologne terms
Page 90
co-manager
[syndicated loans]
co-lead manager
combating the financing of terrorism

CFT
combined market interest rate
[SDR]
combined market rate
combined pricing system

CPS
comfort zone
command economy
controlled economy
commercial arrears
commercial bank
commercial creditor
commercial debt
bank debt
commercial GDP
[SNA]
commercialized GDP
commercial interest reference rate

CIRR
Page 91
commercial lender
commercial lending
commercial loan
commercial credit
[Paris Club]
nonconcessional loan
commercial letter of credit

letter of credit
commercial mortgage-backed security
CMBS
commercial paper
[FSIG]
Commission of the European Communities

[EC]
CEC
European Commission
EC
Commission on Growth and Development
commitment authority
commitment basis accounting

[budget]
commitment basis
commitment fee
commitment charge
Page 92
commitment gap
[IMF]
commitment period
committed resources
[IMF]
commitments
Committee of Eminent Persons to Study Sustainable Long-Term Financing of

the IMF
Committee to Study Sustainable Long-Term Financing of the IMF
Committee of Eminent Persons
Crockett Committee
Committee of European Banking Supervisors
CEBS
Committee of the Whole for the [...ith] General Review of Quotas

Committee of the Whole for the Development Committee
( )

CWDC
Committee of the Whole on Review of Quotas

CQuota
Committee on Article XIV Consultations
Committee on Budget Priorities
[IMF]
CBP
Page 93
Committee on Executive Board Administrative Matters

CAM
Committee on IMF Governance Reform
Committee on Interpretation

COI
Committee on Liaison with the WTO

CWTO
Committee on Membership -- [country]
[ ] -

membership committee
Committee on Rules for the [year] Regular Election of Executive Directors

Committee on the Annual Report

[...]

CAR
Committee on the Budget

COB
Committee on the Global Financial System
[BIS]
CGFS
commodities price shock
commodity
Page 94
commodity composition of trade
commodity currency
commodity cycle
commodity derivative assets
commodity exchange
commodities exchange
exchange
commodity fund
commodity future
[BPM5]
commodity futures market
commodity gold
[BPM5; SNA93]
commodity index fund
commodity index investment
commodity market
commodity terms of trade dynamics
commodity trade-weighted indicator prices
Page 95
commodity-indexed bond
commodity bond
commodity-linked bond
commodity-backed financing
common agricultural policy
commodity-linked finance
[EU]
CAP
common currency zone

[GMBS]
currency zone
common currency area
[GMBS]
currency area
common fiscal backstop
Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa
COMESA
Common Monetary Area
[AFR]
CMA
common price method
[GA]
common share
common stock
ordinary share
stock
commons
Page 96
Commonwealth of Independent States

CIS
Communications Department
[IMF-COM]
COM
community forestry program

[IDA]
community-based organization
CBO
community-driven development
CDD
comovement
co-movement
co-movement
co-variation
comparability of treatment
[London Club; Paris Club]
comparable worth
comparative advantage
comparative cost advantage
comparative dynamics
comparative statics
Page 97
comparator organization
comparator
[IMF staff compensation]
Compensation and Benefits Policy Division
[HRD/CB]
compensation and benefits

[IMF]
compensation of employees
compensation package
compensation
[SDR]
Compensatory and Contingency Financing Facility
[IMF]
CCFF
compensatory drawing
[IMF]
Compensatory Financing Facility

[IMF]
CFF
compensatory financing of export fluctuations
compensatory financing of fluctuations in the cost of cereal imports

[CCFF]
cereal facility
[IMF]
cereal component
Page 98
compensatory official financing

[BPM5]
competitive advantage
competitive bid
[securities auctions]
competitive depreciation
[exchange]
competitive devaluation
competitive disadvantage
competitive position
competitiveness effect
competitiveness
competitive ability
Compilation Guide on Financial Soundness Indicators
compilation of data
compilation
[BPM5]
complementary period
[GFS 1986; budget]

[1989 - ]
complete market
[capital markets]
complete policies scenario
Page 99
completion point triggers
[IMF--HIPC Initiative]
completion point
[IMF; HIPC Initiative]
( )
( )
compliance (with performance criteria)

[IMF]
compliance audit testing

compliance testing
compliance function
[Basle Committee]
comply or explain approach
component currency
( )
[IMF]
component loan
joint loan
composition of creditors
[bankruptcy]
composition agreement
creditors' arrangement
Composition of Official Foreign Exchange Reserves
[IMF]
COFER
currency composition of foreign exchange reserves
compound interest rate

compound rate
Page 100
comprehensive budget rule

budget comprehensiveness principle
budget unity rule
Comprehensive Development Framework

[IBRD]
CDF
compression booster
compression factor
Comptroller of the Currency, Office of the

[USA]
compulsory deposit
[GMBS]
compulsory intervention rate
[EMS]
compulsory reserve deposit
compulsory savings scheme
[GMBS]
compulsory withdrawal
[IMF]
concertation of policies
concerted lending
[debt]
concerted new money
Page 101
concessional assistance
concessional aid
concessional element
concessionary element
concessional financing
Concessional Financing Division
concessional flow
concessionary flow
concessional interest rate
concessional loan
concessional terms
concessionary terms
concessional treatment
[Paris Club]
concessionality
concessional
concessionary
concessionality
concluding remarks
closing remarks
Page 102
concurrence of the member

[IMF]
concurrent audit
conditional grant
[public finance]
conditional relief arrangement
[customs]
conditionality for the tranches

[IMF]
conditionality
[IMF]
conduit
conduit company
conduit
Conferences Officer
[IMF-SEC]
confidence bands
confidence interval
[statistics]
confidence level
[statistics]
Page 103
confirmation
Conflict-Affected and Fragile Economies Facility
CAFEF
conflicting assumptions
conforming mortgage
conglomerate merger
connected lending
[FSIG]
connected loan
related lending
consent
[IMF quotas]
conservator
( )
consistency check
consistency of valuation
[BPM5]
consistency
[statistics]
consistent estimator
/
/

[statistics]
Page 104
consolidated central government

[GFS; GFSY]
consolidated general government

[GFS, GFSY]
Consolidated Multilateral Surveillance Report
CMSR
Consolidated Spillover Report
consolidation period
consolidation
[enterprises]
consortium (for country X)

( )
conspicuous consumption
constant prices
in constant prices
constant purchasing power parity
constant return
constituency
[IMF Executive Board and committees]
chair
( )
( )
( )
( )
constitutional law
Page 105
constraint
constructive trust
consultation cycle
[IMF]
Consultative Group on Exchange Rate Issues

CGER
Consultative Group on Exchange Rates
Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research
[IBRD]
CGIAR
Consultative Group on International Economic and Monetary Affairs, Inc.

Group of Thirty
consumer boom
consumer credit
[SNA93]
consumer durable
hard good
Consumer Financial Protection Bureau
CFPB
consumer price index

CPI
Page 106
consumer spending
household expenditure
consumer surplus
consumer tastes
consumer preferences
consumerism
consumption spending
consumption function
consumption expenditure
consumption pattern
consumption behavior
consumption smoothing
consumption tax
contagion effect
contagion
[FSIG]
contains confidential information
[IMF information security]
contango
forwardation

" "
Page 107
contemporaneous reserve accounting
CRA
contestable market
perfectly contestable market
contingencies
[FSIG; GFSM]
contingency clause
[IBRD/CCFF]
contingency financing
contingent financing
contingent credit line
contingency fund
[GFS 1986]
contingency reserve
contingency measure
contingency mechanism
contingency mechanism for the adjustment of targets
contingent assets and liabilities
contingent claim
contingent asset
contingent claims approach
CCA
Page 108
contingent contract
[GFSM 2001]
contingent convertible bonds
CoCos
Contingent Credit Line(s)

[IMF]
CCL
contingent drain (on foreign currency assets)

contingent net drain (on foreign currency assets)
( )
( )
contingent liability
contingent risk
continuing resolution
CR
continuing appropriations
continuing review, keep under
)(
[IMF credit policies]
continuous session
contra account
valuation allowance
contracted debt
contractionary bias
contractionary impulse
Page 109
contractionary policy
contractual maturity
[BPM5]
contrived scarcity
control
control for
[statistics]
( )
( )
control risk
control variable
Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women
CEDAW
conventional deficit
convergence criteria
[EU]
convergence goals
Maastricht criteria
Maastricht goals
convergence in inflation performance

[EC, G7; monetary policy]
convertible adjustable preferred stock
CAPS
convertible debt instrument
Page 110
Cooperation Council for the Arab States of the Gulf

Arab Gulf Cooperation Council
GCC
Gulf Cooperation Council
cooperation test
[IMF]
cooperative arrangements (for maintenance of value of currencies)
( )
[IMF, exchange arrangements]
cooperative monetary arrangement

[monetary policy]
cooperative arrangement
common arrangement
common monetary arrangement
cooperative sector
[SNA93]
Coordinated Compilation Exercise

CCE
coordinated financial transactions tax
Coordinated Portfolio Investment Survey
[IMF, OECD]
CPIS
Coordination and Standards Division

[PDR/CS]
Coordination Framework for Implementation Monitoring
CFIM
copula function
copula
Page 111
core bank
core countries
euro area core
core economies
core Europe
core data category

[GDDS]
core fund
[Global Environment Facility, WB]
core funding
core inflation
underlying inflation
built-in inflation
core lending
[IBRD]
core liquidity
Core Principles for Effective Banking Supervision

[BIS;Basle Committee]
core principles
Basel Core Principles
Core Principles for Systemically Important Payment Systems
[BIS-CPSS]
core statistical indicator
[IMF]
Page 112
core surveillance data
[IMF]
corporate accounting standards
corporate banking
corporate bond
corporate equity
corporate governance
corporate income tax

CIT
corporate raider
[stock exchange]
raider
corporate restructuring
[enterprises]
restructuring
corporate risk spreads
corporate sector
Page 113
corporate sector workout
corporate workout
workout
correction
[securities market; GFSM; SNA93]
correlation coefficient
[statistics]
correlation ratio
correlation table
correlogram
correspondence table
conversion key
correspondent bank
cost & freight
c. & f.
CFR
cost accounting
cost control
cost effect
cost effectiveness
effectiveness
Page 114
cost of carry
cost of living adjustment

COLA
cost of living allowance

COLA
cost oil
cost price
cost pricing
cost recovery
[BPM5]
cost, insurance, and freight
( )
c.i.f.
cost, insurance, freight
[SNA93]
cost-benefit analysis
costlessly reversible entry (into a market)
cost-of-living index
[CPI]
COLI
cost-push inflation
cost inflation
Page 115
cost-reimbursement contract
Council for Arab Economic Unity
CAEU
Council for Mutual Economic Assistance
CMEA
Council of Europe
Council of the European Union

[EU]
Council of Ministers
Council
[IMF, AA]
Councillor
[AA II, Art. XII & VI, Schedule D]
Counsel
[IMF]
Counsel, Consulting
[IMF-LEG]
Counsel, Senior
[IMF-LEG]
Counsellor (of the Fund)
( )
[IMF]
countercyclical action
anticyclical measure
countercyclical facility
/
/
Page 116
countercyclical policy
counterpart entry
counterpart item
counterpart fund
[GMBS]
counterpart to allocation/cancellation
[IMF, BPM5]
counterpart to monetization/demonetization of gold

counterpart to monetization/demonetization
/
/
counterpart to valuation changes

[BPM5; IFS Descriptors]
revaluation counterpart
Counterparty Risk Management Policy Group

CRMPG
Counterparty Risk Management Group
Corrigan Group
counterparty
counterpurchase
[trade]
countertrade
[BPM5]
countervailing credit
/
/

Page 117
countervailing duty
antibounty duty
countries with a diversified export base
countries with recent debt-servicing difficulties
countries without recent debt-servicing difficulties
country advisory committee

country brief
[IBRD]
country coordinator
[GDDS]
Country Data Review Division
[STA/CR]
Country Director
[IBRD]
country evaluation system

[IMF]
CES
country exposure
Country Information System
[IMF]
CIS
Page 118
country ownership
borrower ownership
program ownership
ownership
country page
][IFS
country partnership strategy

][World Bank
CPS
country assistance strategy
][IBRD
CAS
country risk rating

country rating
country risk
][BPM5
country strategy brief

][IMF
country surveillance
Country Unit
][IMF-LEG

] [

Page 119
]country-owned [strategy, program
country-specific shock
coupon bond
coupon rate
covariance
covariance matrix
covenant lite loan
cov-lite
cover
[export credit]

( )
( )
coverage
[IMF-EBB]
covered bond
mortgage bond
covered interest rate arbitrage
[exchange market]
CIA
covered interest rate differential
[exchange market]
covered option
CPIS-reporting countries
Page 120
crack spread
[Petroleum industry]
gasoline crack spread
crawling bands
crawling peg
adjustable peg
fixed but adjustable exchange rate
creative accounting
credit
credit an account with an amount

credit an amount to an account
credit arrangement
[IMF]
credit balance
credit ceiling
credit limit
lending ceiling
credit conditions
credit contraction
credit control
Page 121
credit conversion factor
[BIS Capital Accord]
credit cooperative
[GMBS]
credit creation
credit crunch
credit squeeze
credit freeze
tightening of credit
credit default swap

CDS
credit derivative
credit deterioration
credit downgrade
credit easing
credit entry
[accounting]
credit event
credit exposure
[BIS]
Page 122
credit freeze
security freeze
credit from monetary authorities

[IFS; GMBS]
credit intermediation
credit policy
credit rating
credit rating agency

[corporations]
credit agency
mercantile agency
international rating agency
rating agency
rating services
credit rationing
credit retrenchment
credit risk indicator
CRI
credit risk mitigation
credit risk
[FSIG]
counterparty risk
Page 123
credit scoring
credit spread
credit tranche drawing
[IMF]
credit tranche policies

[IMF]
credit tranche position
credit tranche purchase

[IMF]
credit tranche
[IMF]
credit union
cooperative savings association
credit-driven growth
credit-enhanced obligation
[securities]
enhanced obligation
creditor approach
creditor approach to interest expense
creditor bail-in
Page 124
creditor bank
creditor country
creditor position in the IMF

[IMF]
reserve position in the IMF

reserve position in the Fund
[BPM5; IFS]
RPF
creditor position
asset position
creditor reporting system

CRS
creditor
[GFSM; SNA93]
creditworthiness
credit standing
creeping inflation (steady)

persistent inflation
crisis bystanders
" "

crisis resolution
Crisis Resolution Issues Division
[SPR/CR]
CRI
critical value
Page 125
criticized asset
crony capitalism

" "
cronyism
""
crop year
cross debts
cross elasticity
cross rate
cross validation function
cross-border acquisitions
cross-border claim
transborder claim
transborder interbank claim
cross-border coordination
cross-border effects
cross-border financial institutions
cross-border flows
cross-border financial flows
Page 126
cross-border investment
cross-border lending
foreign lending
cross-border links
cross-border risk
cross-classification
multiple classification
[statistics]
cross-conditionality
[IMF-IBRD]
cross-country analysis
cross-country review
cross-country study
Cross-Country Fiscal Monitor

The State of Public Finances: A Cross-Country Fiscal Monitor
:
" "
Cross-country Report
cross-currency interest rate swap
interest and cross-currency swap
cross-currency warrant
cross-cutting issue
cross-default clause
[London Club]
Page 127
cross-elasticity of demand
CED
cross-listing
cross-section analysis
cross-sectional study
cross-sell
cross-subsidization
crowd out
crowded trade
concentration of market positions
concentration of positions
herding
crowding-in effect
crowding-out effect
crowding out of private investment
CSO Townhall Meetings
cumulative access limit
cumulative frequency curve
Page 128
cumulative net drawings
[IMF]
curb market
[SNA93]
curb
kerb market
[UK]
currency acceptable to the Fund
[IMF]
currency alignment
currency basket
basket of currencies
currency bloc
currency board arrangement

[IMF exchange rate classification system, 2006]
CBA
currency board
[GFSM]
currency change bond
currency component
[IMF]
currency composite
composite of currencies
currency composition
Page 129
currency conversion
][BPM5
currency convertibility
currency crisis
/
/
currency depreciation
currency holdings
][IMF
IMF holdings of currencies
Fund holdings of currencies
currencies held by the Fund
][IMF
currency in circulation
currency issue
currency liabilities
Page 130
currency mismatch
][FSIG
currency option bond
currency outside banks

cash outside banks
currency redenomination
currency substitution
currency swap
currency union
Currency Union Technical Expert Group
CUTEG
currency unit
currency valuation
currency valuation adjustment

[IMF, accounts]
CVA
valuation adjustment
currency war
currency warrant
currency
[BPM5; BPM6; GFSM; SNA93]
currency-deposits ratio
[commercial banks]
current account
Page 131
current account balance

balance on current account
current account convertibility
current account deficit
current asset
short-term asset
current budget
current capital
net current assets

working capital
[SNA93]
Current Communications Division

[COM/CC]
current cost accounting
[GBR]
CCA
current expenditure
current expenditures
current grants
current liability
/
/

short-term liability
current debt
Page 132
current maturities
current policies scenario
current prices
in current prices
at current prices
[CPI]
Current Publications Division
current ratio
current replacement cost

replacement cost
current revenue
[GFSY]
current receipts
[SNA93]
CR
current transfer
current transfer payments/receipts
present value
current, to be
current value
[IMF]
current-weighted index
Paasche index
Page 133
curve
custodial risk
custodian bank
[asset management]
custody account
[GMBS]
custodian account
customary business practices
customs bond
customs bonded warehouse

bonded warehouse
customs clearance
Customs Co-operation Council Nomenclature

CCCN
Nomenclature for the Classification of Goods in Customs Tariffs
Brussels Tariff Nomenclature
)
(

( )

BTN
Brussels Nomenclature
Customs Co-operation Council
CCC
customs drawbacks
[GFS 1986]
customs duty
Page 134
customs duty bill
customs frontier
customs returns
customs tariff
tariff
[SNA93]
customs union
tariff union
customs valuation
cutback(s)
[fiscal policy]
cutoff date
[Paris Club]
cutoff rate
cyclical component of budget balance
cyclical influence
cyclical stock
cyclical unemployment
cyclically adjusted
Page 135
cyclically neutral budget
cyclically-adjusted fiscal balance

CAB
Data and Information Systems Section
[RES/WO/DI]
Data Dissemination Standards Division

[STA/DD]
data entry
[IT]
data input
data capture
logging
Data Quality Assessment Framework

[IMF, DSBB]
DQAF
Data Quality Reference Site
[IMF, DSBB]
data reporting
[IMF-STA]
reporting
[IMF-STA]
Data Standards Initiative

[IMF]
Standards Initiative
Data Template on International Reserves and Foreign Currency Liquidity

reserves data template
[GDDS]
reserve template
Page 136
dataset-specific quality assessment framework

dataset-specific framework
specific assessment framework
day trade
day trading
daylight trade
day trader
day-count convention
daylight credit
daily overdraft
daylight exposure
intraday credit
de minimis clause
[Paris Club]
de minimis creditors
deadweight loss
efficiency loss
dealer
[USA]
jobber
[GBR]
Deauville Partnership with the Middle East

Deauville Partnership
debenture debt
Page 137
debenture
[GBR; USA]
( )
[]

[]

debit
debit an account with an amount

debit an amount to an account
debit balance
debit entry
[accounting]
debriefing
[IMF]
debt amortization
amortization
debt and debt service reduction
DDSR
debt burden
debt capital
loan capital
debt ceiling
debt consolidation
debt funding
funding
Page 138
debt conversion bond

DCB
debt conversion
[Paris Club]
debt swap
debt-debt swap
bond swap
debt covenant
covenant
debt disbursed and outstanding
debt fatigue
debt financing
debt finance
debt for aid swap

[Paris Club]
debt for development swap
debt for education swap
debt for environment swap

debt for nature swap
debt-for-nature
debt for nature swap

[Paris Club]
Page 139
debt forgiveness
debt cancellation
cancellation of debt
forgiveness
debt holder
debt intolerance
debt management
debt moratorium
[London Club]
debt standstill
payments standstill
debt overhang
Debt Policy Division

[IMF-SPR]
debt principal
principal
debt profile
debt ratio
Debt Reduction Facility for IDA-Only Countries

[IBRD]

""
IDA Debt Reduction Facility
Page 140
debt reduction fund

[IBRD]
multilateral debt facility

MDF
debt reduction operations

DROPS
debt refinancing
debt relief
Debt Relief for Low-Income Countries: The Enhanced HIPC Initiative
:
""
debt reporting system
[IMF]
debt reprofiling
[Paris Club]
reprofiling
debt repudiation
[GFSM]
debt rescheduling
debt restructuring
debt reconstruction
restructuring
debt security
debt instrument
debt service payment

service payment
Page 141
debt service ratio
debt service
debt servicing
][SNA93
debt service-to-export ratio

debt service-to-exports ratio
][HIPC Initiative
debt sold by auction
debt sustainability
debt sustainability analysis template

][IMF
debt sustainability template
DSA template
debt sustainability analysis

][IMF
DSA
debt sustainability framework

DSF
debt sustainability threshold
debt trap
debt workout
debt renegotiation
workout
Page 142
debt-bond exchange
debt-bond swap
debt-deflation
debt-distressed country
severely indebted country
debt-distressed situation
debt distress
debt-equity ratio
debt-equity swap
[Paris Club]
debt for equity swap

debt for equity conversion
conversion of debt into equity
debt-to-equity swap
debt-export ratio
debt-to-exports ratio
debtor approach
debtor approach to interest expense
debtor country
debtor currency
debtor position
liability position
Page 143
Debtor Reporting System, World Bank
( )
[IBRD]
DRS
debt-reduction package
debt-reduction plan
debt-servicing capacity
debt-to-GDP ratio
decentralization
decentralized agency
[GFS 1986]
decision maker
decision making (process)
Decision on Bilateral and Multilateral Surveillance

Integrated Surveillance Decision
ISD
Decision on Bilateral Surveillance over Members' Policies
[IMF]
decision point
[IMF; HIPC Initiative]
declaration of censure
[IMF overdue financial obligations]

censure
Page 144
declaration of ineligibility
[IMF]
declaration of noncooperation
[IMF]
Declaration on Cooperation to Strengthen the Global Expansion

[Interim Committee]
Madrid Declaration
Declaration on Measures to Eliminate International Terrorism
declining balance method (of depreciation)
[accounting]
diminishing balance method
reducing balance method
decoupled income support

decoupled support
decoupling
[EU]
decoupling theory
dedicated investor
dedollarization
deep discount issue

[capital market]
deep financial market
Page 145
deep-discount bond
deep-discounted bond
deep-in-the-money option
deep-out-of-the-money option
deep-pocketed investor
deep-pocket investor
default contagion
default on obligations
default on payment
default
default
defeasance
debt defeasance
deferred charges
[IMF accounts]
deferred compensation
deferred credit
deferred drawdown option
[World Bank]
DDO
Page 146
deferred income
[IMF accounts]
deficit economies
deficit financing
deficit spending
pump priming

( )

deficit reduction package
defined benefit retirement scheme

defined benefit plan
defined contribution retirement scheme

defined contribution plan
money purchase plan
definitional equation
deflate (an economy)
deflate (prices)
deflation
deflationary
deflationary demand measure
deflationary gap
Page 147
deflationary pressure
deflationary trap
deflation trap
deflationary spiral
deflator
degressive tax
delegation of authority
[BL]
deleverage
deleveraging

[1997 -]

delinquency
delinquent borrower
delinquent loan
delinquent tax
demand curve
demand deposit
checking account deposit

sight deposit
Page 148
demand draft
sight draft
[SNA93]

/
/

demand elasticity
elasticity of demand
demand for money

[SNA93]
demand function
demand management
demand pressures
demand rebalancing
rebalancing of demand
demand restraint
demand schedule
demand shift inflation
demand, payable on
[banking]
demand-pull inflation
demand inflation
dematerialization
Page 149
demonetization
( )

demonetization of gold
demonstration effect
denomination
[banknotes]
density function
Department for Economic and Social Information and Policy Analysis
DESIPA
Department for International Development
[UK]
DFID
Department Head
[IMF]
departmental agency
departmental budget
departmental enterprise
Departmental Support Services
[IMF-TGS/IS]
DSS
dependency ratio
Page 150
dependent variable
[statistics]
response variable
predicted variable
criterion variable
results variable
depletion allowance
[SNA93]
deposit bank
[IFS]
deposit claims
deposit facility
[Eurosystem]
deposit insurance
Deposit Insurance Fund

deposit insurance scheme
deposit liabilities
deposit money bank
deposit rate
[SNA93]
deposit run
Page 151
deposit taking
[banking]
attracting deposits
deposit withheld taxes into a government account
deposit
[mining]
deposit/loan ratio
depositor preference
depository institution
depository receipt
depository corporation
depository
[IMF]
depreciable asset
depreciable cost
depreciable life
depreciation
( )
depreciation allowance
allowance for depreciation

allowance
depreciation provision
depreciation reserve
Page 152
depressed area
depth of the market

[financial market]
market depth
Deputy
[G-24, IDA]
derecognition
[accounting]
deregulation
decontrol
[GFS 1986]

[1989 - ]
derivation table
derivation procedures
[GFS 1986]
derivative
(... )
[calculus]
Design and Construction Section
[TGS/DF/DC]
designated depository
[IMF]
designation plan
[IMF]
designation
[IMF; SDR]
Page 153
desirable equilibrium exchange rate
DEER
desk economist (for ... [country])
( )
[IMF]
desk officer for ( ... [country])
country desk
destabilizing
disequilibrating
[capital flows]
destination inspection
deterministic model
deterrence measure
deterrence
deterrent measure
deterrent
detrended output
detrending method
devaluation
[SNA93]
developing and transition countries
DTC
developing country
Page 154
development aid
development assistance
[BPM5]
Development Assistance Committee

[OECD]
DAC
Development Committee Secretariat
Development Fund for Iraq

DFI
Development Grant Facility
[IBRD]
DGF
Development Issues Division

[SPR/DS]
DID
development partner
DGS Directive
Deposit Guarantee Schemes Directive
diagonal matrix
diagonal regression
difference equation
difference
[calculus]
differential
( .. )
( .. )
( .. )
Page 155
differential equation
[calculus]
digital divide
diminishing returns
direct investment
direct investment enterprise

[BPM5; BPM6]
direct investment income

[BPM5]
direct investor
[BPM5; BPM6]
direct quotation
directed credit
Direction of Trade Statistics Yearbook
[IMF; publication not translated]

DOTS Yearbook
DOTSY
Direction of Trade Statistics
[IMF-STA; publication not translated]

DOTS
direction of trade
geographical direction of trade
DoT
Page 156
Director and Special Representative to the United Nations
[IMF-UNR]
Director for Special Operations
Director
[IMF]
Director, Associate
[IMF]
Associate Director
Director, Deputy
[IMF]
Director, Offices in Europe
[IMF/EUO]
directorship
disaggregated data
disanchoring of inflation expectations

disanchoring of expectations
disappointment
forecast disappointment
disbursed debt
disbursement
Page 157
discharge an obligation
[IMF]
disclaimer of opinion
[audit]
disclaimer
[audit]
disclosure requirements
discomfort index
misery index
[USA]
discount bond
discounted bond
discount rate
[central banking]
minimum lending rate
[GBR]
MLR
bank rate
[GBR]
discount window
[central banking]
discount
[spot exchange; SNA93]
discount, at a
discountable
eligible for discounting
eligible for rediscounting
Page 158
discrete devaluation
step devaluation
discrete variable
discrete
[mathematics]
discretionary spending
discriminating monopoly
discriminatory currency practice

[IMF]
discriminatory tariff preference
discussion memorandum
[standard-setting]
discussion draft
diseconomy
disembodied technological progress
dishoarding
dishonored check
bad check
unpaid check
disincentive
Page 159
disinflation
disinflationary
disintermediation
disinvestment
disorderly adjustment
disorderly exchange market conditions
disposable income
[BPM5; SNA93]
disposal
disposal of nonproduced, nonfinancial assets
disposal of problem assets
disposition (of assets)
( )
disposition
disruption
disruptive fluctuation
Page 160
dissaving
negative saving
Dissemination Standards Bulletin Board
[IMF]
DSBB
distance to default
distance to distress
DD
distortion
distress financing
distress sales
distressed asset
distributed earnings
[BPM5]
distributed lag model

[1993 -]

distribution channel
distribution function
[statistics]
distribution of income
income distribution
Page 161
distributional effect
distributive effect
disturbance
disturbance term
divergence indicator
[EMS]
diversification
asset diversification
diversified borrower
Diversity Advisor
[IMF]
Diversity Council
[IMF]
DC
Diversity Office

( )
( )
( )
divestiture (of assets)

divestment
divestiture (of public enterprises)
( )
( )
( )
divisia money
Division 1, 2, 3, ...
""
... ()( )( )
[APD/D1, D2, D3, ...]
Page 162
... ( )( )( )
Division A, B, C, ...
[MCD/DA, DB, DC, ... DI]
Division Chief
[IMF]
Division Chief, Deputy

[IMF]
doctored data
document of International Monetary Fund and not for public use
Documents Control Office

[TGS/LA]
DCO
Documents Distribution Unit

[TGS/ID/IS/DD]
Documents Section
[SEC/AI/DS]
Dodd-Frank Act
Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act
Doha Development Agenda
-
-
[WTO]
DDA
Doha Development Round

Doha Round
development round
[trade]
Page 163
Doha Lite
Doing Business rankings

[World Bank]
Doing Business Report

" " /

/

" "
dollar balances
dollar overhang
dollarization
domestic absorption
domestic content
[imports]
domestic credit expansion
DCE
domestic currency unit value
domestic currency
[GFSM]
local currency
[GFSM]
domestic financing
[GFSY; SNA93]
domestic liabilities
[GFSM]
Page 164
domestic liquidity
domestic market
home market
domestic resource cost

DRC
domestic saving
domestic securities
domestic taxes on goods and services
[GFSY]
donor country
donor
[SNA93]
donors and creditors

donors and lenders
dormant debt
double counting
[SNA93]
double declining balance method (of depreciation)

[accounting]
double least squares
double majority
Page 165
double tailwinds
double taxation
dual taxation
double-digit inflation
two-digit inflation
double-dip recession
double-entry accounting system
double-entry system
double-entry accounting
double-entry bookkeeping
doubtful loan
doubtful credit
down payment
( )
downgrading
downside risk
downside scenario
downside variability
Page 166
downsizing
labor shedding
downstream capacity
downstream integration
downturn
cyclical downturn
downswing
cyclical downswing
downward adjustment
downward bias
negative bias
downward pressure
downward spiral
downward trend
falling trend
downtrend
downward-sloping curve
drachmail
draft amendment
[IMF]
draft resolution
[IMF]
Page 167
draw down
( )
[London Club]
draw on the IMF
drawback
[customs]

( )
drawdown period
drawing country
[IMF]
drawer
drawing down
( )
[in general]
drawing facility
( )
[IMF]
drawing on loans extended
[BOP]
drawing right
[IMF]
drawing up
dual currency bond
dual economy
dual exchange market
dual pricing
Page 168
dual rate system
[exchange rates]
due and payable
due date
due diligence
dummy out
dummy variable
dumping
[trade]
durable good
durable stock

( )
duration (of an investment)

duration
[MPI]
Durbin-Watson statistic
DW
Dutch auction
Dutch disease
[oil or natural gas exporting countries]
duty-free
dynamic multiplier
Page 169
early drawing
[CCFF]
early repurchase expectation

[IMF]
prompt repurchase expectation
early repurchase of accelerated set-aside amounts
[IMF]
early repurchase
[IMF]
advance repurchase
early retirement
[IMF]
early stabilizer
early warning system
early warning system model
EWS
earmark
earmarked account
[GMBS]
( )

earmarked tax
earned income
[BPM5]
Page 170
earning asset
income-earning asset
productive asset
earnings
earnings opacity
easing credit
easing
softening
East Africa Regional Technical Assistance Center
East AFRITAC
East African Development Bank
EADB
East Caribbean Currency Union
Eastern Caribbean Central Bank
ECCB
Eastern Caribbean Currency Union
ECCU
easy rider bank
easy rider
ecological externalities
environmental externalities
Page 171
economic agent
economic entity
economic unit
Economic and Monetary Union
[EU]
EMU
Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific
[UN-ECOSOC]
ESCAP
Economic and Social Commission for Western Asia
[UN-ECOSOC]
ESCWA
Economic and Social Council, United Nations
[UN]
ECOSOC
Economic and Statistical Observatory for Sub-Saharan Africa
AFRISTAT
economic circumstances
economic conditions
economic environment
Economic Commission for Africa
[UN-ECOSOC]
ECA
Economic Commission for Europe
[UN-ECOSOC]
ECE
Page 172
Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean
ECLAC
Economic Community of Central African States
ECCAS
Economic Community of West African States
( )
ECOWAS
Economic Cooperation Organization

ECO
Economic Counsellor
[IMF-RES]
Economic Data Sharing System
[IMF]
EDSS
economic efficiency
efficiency
economic fundamentals
fundamentals
fundamental determinants
Economic Information System
[IMF-STA]
EIS
economic interdependence
Economic Issues

" "
[IMF publication series]
Page 173
economic life
[SNA93]
useful life
service life
[GFSM]
economic performance
economic price
efficiency price
Economic Recovery Assistance Program
[IMF]
ERAP
economic recovery
recovery
economic rent
rent
economic slack
economic slowdown
slowdown
Economic Systems Division
[TGS/IE]
economic territory
[BPM5, SNA]
economic value
[SNA]
Page 174
economic welfare
welfare
economically significant price

[SNA 1993, GFSM 2001; GFSM]
economics
( ... )
economies of scale
economies of scope
Economist Program
[IMF]
EP
Economist, Senior
[IMF]
economy
Editor, (name of a publication)
( )
[IMF-EXR]
Editor, Chief
[IMF-EXR]
Editorial and Publications Division
[COM/EP]
Editorial Officer
[IMF]
educated guess
Page 175
education
education allowance
[IMF-HRD]
effective date
effective exchange rate

EER
effective rate of protection

ERP
Egmont Group of Financial Intelligence Units
elasticity of a tax system
elasticity of expectations
elasticity of substitution
elasticity of supply
supply elasticity
elasticity pessimism
elected Executive Director

[IMF]
elective Executive Director

[IMF]
electoral budget cycle
electronic bulletin board
EBB
Page 176
electronic data processing

EDP
data processing
informatics
electronic funds transfer

EFT
eligibility
[GFSM]
eligible
[banking]
eligible debt
eligible asset
[Paris Club]
eligible vote
[IMF]
embedded derivative
embodied cost
emergency assistance
[IMF]
Emergency Facility for Natural Disasters
[IMF Facilities]
emergency financing mechanism
[IMF]
Page 177
Emergency Natural Disaster Assistance
ENDA
Emergency Assistance for Natural Disasters
emergency post-conflict assistance

[IMF]
EPCA
emergency and post-conflict assistance

policy of emergency assistance to post-conflict countries
emergency provisions
[AA]
emergency purchase
[IMF facilities]
emerging market
emerging market country
emerging market economy

EME
Emerging Markets Bond Index
EMBI
emigration of the tax base
EMP index
empirical evidence
empirical study
employee attrition rate
Page 178
employee's social contribution

[insurance; pensions]
employee contribution
employer's actual social contributions

actual social contributions
employers' imputed social contributions
employer's payroll or manpower tax
[GFS 1986]
employer's social contributions

[SNA]
employer contribution
employment rate
employment slack
empowerment
enabling environment
encash
[IMF]
encashability of bonds
[NAB]
encashable bonds
encashable
Page 179
encashable loan claim
encashment
encashment of rights
( )
[IMF]
encashment right
[IMF]
encouraged standard
[IMF-EBB]
[BPM5]
end consumer
encumbered
end product
final product
end use
end user
final user
Endogenous Growth Model
endogenous shock
endogenous variable
endorsement
( )
[SNA93]
Page 180
endowment
endowment policy
[insurance]
Endowment Subaccount
energy arrears
energy balance
Energy for the Poor Initiative

EFPI
energy subsidies
energy-intensive
energy-saving technology
enforceable
[IMF]
enforcement of security
realization of collateral
enforcement power
[IMF]
engagement of the IMF in a country

IMF engagement
[ ]
[ ]
Fund involvement
Fund engagement
engagement
Page 181
English Section
[TGS]
enhanced concessions
[Paris Club]
enhanced credit
credit enhancement
enhanced Initiative for Heavily Indebted Poor Countries

[IMF]
""

enhanced HIPC Initiative

[IMF]
Enhanced Heavily Indebted Poor Countries Initiative
Enhanced Integrated Framework for Trade-Related Technical Assistance to

least-developed countries
Enhanced IF
EIF
enhanced monitoring procedure

[IMF]
EMP
Enhanced Structural Adjustment Facility Trust
" "
[IMF]
ESAF Trust
Enhanced Structural Adjustment Facility
[IMF]
ESAF
enhanced SAF
Enhanced Structural Adjustment Facility, enlarged and extended
( )
[unofficial title]
Page 182
enhanced surveillance procedure

[IMF]
enhanced surveillance
enhancement money
enhancement of resources
enhancement of SDRs
enlarged access resources
[IMF]
EAR
enlarged access to the Fund's resources

[IMF]
EAR
enlarged access to Fund resources
enterprise economy
entitlement program
[USA]
entitlement reform
entitlement spending
entrepreneur
entrepreneurial and property income
[GFSY]
Page 183
entrepreneurial income
entrepreneurship
[SNA93]
entry
[accounting]
enumerator
[census]
environmental accounting
green accounting
environmental action plan

[IBRD]
environmental depletion
depletion of natural resources
[BPM5]
environmental impact
green tax
epidemic
environmental tax
equal treatment
[London Club]
equal value exchange rate
[SDR]
Page 184
equal value principle

[SDR]
equalization grant
[public finance]
equalization of burden fund

equalization fund

( )
equation of exchange
Fisher equation
equilibrating capital flow

equilibrating capital movement
equilibrium effects
equilibrium exchange rate
equilibrium path
equilibrium real exchange rate
equilibrium theory
equilibrium unemployment
equilibrium rate of unemployment
equiproportionality
[SDR allocation]
equity buyout
buyout
equity capital inflow
Page 185
equity financing
equity finance
equity income
equity investment
equity issue
[SDR allocation]
equity loan
equity market
stock market
equity oil
profit oil
equity option
stock option
equity ownership
equity participation
equity interest
equity share
equity participation note
equity portfolio
equity position
Page 186
equity security
equity swap
equity transaction
equity
equity capital
equity-like instrument
error-correction model
[econometrics]
ECM
ESAF arrangement
[IMF]
ESAF successor

" "
" "
[IMF]
successor facility
ESAF Trust Loan Account

Loan Account
ESAF Trust loan
" "
[IMF-ESAF]
Trust loan
ESAF Trust portion of ESAF (or SAF) loan

[IMF-FIN]
""
""
ESAF Trust part of ESAF loan
Page 187
ESAF Trust Reserve Account

Reserve Account
ESAF Trust Subsidy Account

Subsidy Account
ESAF-HIPC Trust Account
[IMF]
escalator clause
escalation clause
escape clause
escrow account
[IMF/WB; HIPC]
escrowed grant
[ESAF-HIPC]
escrowed loan
[ESAF-HIPC]
ESF Subsidy Account
[IMF]
ESF-PRGF Subsidy Account

[IMF]
essential goods
established Fund procedures, under
establishment
[BPM5; SNA93]
Page 188
estate duty
estate tax
estate, inheritance, and gift taxes
estimated expenditure
Ethics Committee
Ethics Office
[IMF-OMD]
EU Policies Division
[EUR/EU]
Eurepo

" "
euro
euro area
euro zone
eurozone
Euro Plus Pact
Eurobond
Eurobond issue
Eurobond market
Page 189
Eurocommercial paper
[BPM5]
ECP
Euro-CP
Eurocredit
Eurocurrency loan
Eurocurrency
Eurodollar
[SNA93]
Eurogeddon
euroization
Euromarket
Euronote
Europe and Middle East/Central Asia Regional Division

[MCM/R3]
Regional Division 3
Europe Regional Division

[MCM/R3]
European bailout fund
European Bank Coordination Initiative

Vienna Initiative
Initiative for Coordination of European Banks
Page 190
European Bank for Reconstruction and Development
EBRD
European Banking Authority
EBA
European Central Bank

ECB
European Coal and Steel Community
ECSC
European Committee for Standardisation
CEN
European common margins arrangement
European Council
[EU]
European Crisis Resolution Mechanism
ECRM
European currency unit
ECU
European Department
[IMF]
EUR
European Development Fund
EDF
European Division
[INS/EU]
Page 191
European Economic Area

EEA
European Economic Space
European Economic Community
EEC
European Environment Agency

EEA
European Financial Stability Facility
EFSF
European Financial Stabilization Mechanism
EFSM
European Free Trade Area
European Free Trade Association
EFTA
European Investment Bank

EIB
European Monetary Cooperation Fund
EMCF
European Monetary Institute
EMI
European Monetary System
EMS
European Monetary Union
EMU
Page 192
European narrow margins arrangement

snake in the tunnel
snake system
currency snake system

" "
" "

multicurrency intervention system
European Network on Debt and Development

EURODAD
European Payments Union

" "
EPU
European periphery
European Semester
European Social Fund
[EC]
ESF
European Stability Mechanism

ESM
European Stabilization Mechanism

ESM
European System of Central Banks
[EU]
ESCB
Eurofed
European System of Financial Supervisors
ESFS
European Union
EU
Page 193
European-style option
[securities market]
European option
eurosclerosis
euro sclerosis
Eurosystem
Euroyen
Evaluation Committee
EVC
even par swap
evenhandedness
event of default
[London Club]
event risk
evergreen loan
evergreening of loans
[banking]
evergreening of bad accounts
Evian approach
Evian terms
Page 194
ex ante
ex ante forecast
ex ante provisioning
dynamic provisioning
ex post assessment of Fund-supported programs
Ex Post Assessment
EPA
ex post evaluation
[IMF]
EPE
ex post forecast
[IMF, access limit]
exceptional financing
exceptional circumstances clause
[BPM5; BPM6]
excess (plant) capacity
excess capacity
excess capital formation

excess capital accumulation
excess demand
Page 195
excess employment
excess holding ratio
[SDR]
excess profit
economic profit
supranormal profit
excess purchasing power
excess reserves
excess tax burden

excess burden
deadweight loss
efficiency loss
Excessive Deficit Procedures
EDP
exchange allocation
exchange arrangement
exchange rate arrangement
exchange rate regime
exchange system
exchange arrangements with no separate legal tender

exchange contract
exchange control
exchange restriction
Page 196
Exchange Equalization Account
[GBR]
EEA
exchange bureau
exchange profits
exchange house
[GFSM; GFSY]
exchange rate anchor

[IMF monetary policy framework classification system, 2006]
exchange rate differential
exchange rate future
Exchange Rate Issues Division

[RES/ER]
exchange rate management
Exchange Rate Mechanism II
ERM II
Exchange Rate Mechanism

[EMS]
ERM
Exchange Rate Mechanism I
ERM I
exchange rate misalignment
exchange rate overshooting
Page 197
exchange rate pass-through

ERPT
pass-through to inflation
exchange rate policy

exchange policy
foreign exchange policy
exchange rate realignment

currency realignment
exchange rate targeting

exchange rate targeting strategy
exchange rate
rate of exchange
exchange rates within crawling bands
exchange reserves
foreign exchange reserves
exchange risk
exchange risk insurance

foreign exchange insurance
exchange insurance
exchange stability
exchange valuation adjustment
Page 198
exchange
foreign currency
foreign exchange
forex
exchange-traded fund
ETF
tracker
excise tax
excise
excluded debt
[London Club]
excluded holdings
[IMF]
EEZ
Executing Agency Agreement
exclusive economic zone
[UNDP]
Executive Board and Member Services Section
[SEC/AI/BM]
EBMS
Executive Board Room
[IMF-SEC]
Board Room
Executive Board
[IMF]
Board
Page 199
Executive Dining Room

[IMF]
Executive Director
[IMF-OED]
ED
Executive Director, Alternate

[IMF-OED]
Executive Secretary
[IMF-IBRD, Development Committee]
executive session
executive summary
exercise an option
exercise of a financial derivative
exercise price
[options]
striking price
strike price
contract price
exhaustible resource
exit agreement
Page 200
exit bank
exit bond
exit instrument
exit consent
exit from monetary and fiscal stimulus
exit policy
exit rescheduling
[Paris Club]
exit strategy
[exchange rate pegging]
exogenous factor
exogenous growth model
exogenous shock
Exogenous Shocks Facility

ESF
shocks facility
exogenous variable
expansionary impulse
expansionary policy
Page 201
expectation date
[IMF repurchases]
expectations-augmented Phillips curve
expected economic lifetime

expected economic life
expected rate
expected utility
EU
expected value
[statistics]
EV
mathematical expectation
expenditure and lending minus repayments by economic type
expenditure assignment
expenditure authorization
expenditure by function
[GFS 1986]
expenditure commitment
commitment
expenditure item
[GFS 1986]
expense item
[GFSM 2001]
Page 202
Expenditure Policy Division

[FAD/EP]
expenditure tax
[GFS 1986]
expenditure validation
validation

""
expenditure verification
verification
expenditure-changing policy
expenditure-reducing policy
expenditure-restraining measures
expenditure-switching policy
switching policy
expense
expenditure
expensing
immediate expensing
immediate write-off
explanatory power
[economic models]
explanatory variable
[economic models]
exponent
Page 203
exponential distribution
exponential function
export capacity
export credit
export credit agency

[Debt Guide, 1993; External Debt Statistics: Guide for Compilers and Users,
1993]
ECA
export duty
export tax
export earnings
export proceeds
export receipts
export monopoly
export performance
export processing zone

EPZ
industrial free trade zone
industrial free trade area
export promotion
export retention scheme

foreign exchange retention scheme
foreign exchange retention
Page 204
export shortfall
export surplus
exporters of manufactures
exporters of primary products
exporters of services and recipients of private transfers
Export-Import Bank of the United States

( )
[USA]
EXIMBANK
exporting industry
export-led recovery
ex-post
[economics]
express trust
expropriation
[1993 - ]

extendable bond
extended arrangement charge
[IMF]
Page 205
Extended Arrangement
[IMF]
EA
extended burden sharing

[IMF]
extension of burden sharing
Extended Credit Facility

ECF
Extended Fund Facility

[IMF]
EFF
Extended Financing Facility
[Sometimes used synonymously with Extended Fund Facility (which is the
main official version)]
Extended Facility
extension flat fee
extension of expectations
[IMF]
extension of repurchase expectations
extension of a repurchase expectation
extension of period
extension of Toronto terms
external account
[BPM5]
External Accounts Unit
[FIN/AX/AP/EA]
external adjustment
Page 206
external asset (assets owned abroad by residents)
( )
foreign asset
external asset (assets owned by nonresidents)
( )
foreign asset
external audit
External Audit Committee

[IMF]
external audit mechanism, legal structure and independence of the central

bank, financial reporting practices, internal audit mechanism, and the system of
internal controls
[IMF, safeguards assessments]
""
ELRIC
external auditor
External Balance Assessment methodology

EBA methodology
external balance
[BPM5]
external bond
external claim
foreign claim
external contingency element

[CCFF]
contingency element
[CCFF]
Page 207
external debt ratio
external debt
foreign debt
external disturbance
external financial assets

[SNA93]
external financing
[SNA93]
external imbalance
External Relations Department

[IMF]
EXR
external resource envelope
External Review Committee (on World Bank-IMF Collaboration)

)
(

external sector
foreign sector
external sustainability
External Sustainability Report
Sustainability Report
external variable
Page 208
external viability
External Web Division
[COM/EW]
External Website Section
[EXR/AI/EW]
externality
extrabudgetary account
extrabudgetary fund
EBF
extrabudgetary units
[GFS 1986]

[1989 - ]
extrabudgetary entities
extractive industries
Extractive Industries Review
EIR
Extractive Industries Transparency Initiative
EITI
extranet
extrapolative expectation
Page 209
extraterritorial body
[BPM5]
ex-works price
EXW price
ex factory price
factory (gate) price
""
F&D
Finance & Development
[IMF]
f.a.s. valuation
( "" )
f.o.b. valuation
(" )"
[BPM5]
FABLES
Facilities Chapeau paper
Facilities Management Division
[TGS/DF]
Facilities, Planning, and Development Section
[TGS/DF/FP]
fact sheet
[IMF-EXR]
factor cost, at
factor endowment
factor income from abroad
Page 210
factor income share

factor share
factor income
][SNA93
factor inputs
factor loading
factor mobility
factoring
][finance
factor-price distortion
factor payments
factor-price-equalization theorem
failed institution
fair price
fair trade
fair value
Page 211
fair market value

market value
sale value
fair market price
fairness and evenhandedness
fair-value accounting
FVA
fall-back method
[Customs]
Family Consultation and Referral Service
[IMF]
family living expenses
farm gate price
fatality rate
FATF-Style Regional Bodies

[FSSA]
FSRBs
fear of floating
[central banking]
feasibility study
federal debt ceiling
Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation
[USA]
FDIC
federal funds interest rate

federal funds rate
[USA]
federal funds market

[USA]
Page 212
federal funds
[USA]
Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation
FHLMC
Freddie Mac
Federal Housing Finance Agency
FHFA
Federal National Mortgage Association

[USA]

""
FNMA
Fannie Mae
Federal Reserve Bank

[USA]
Federal Reserve float
[USA]
Federal Reserve Open Market Committee

FOMC
Federal Open Market Committee

[USA]
Open Market Committee
Federal Reserve System

[USA]
Federal Reserve
Fed
Federation of Arab Scientific Research Councils
FASRC
fedline
[USA]
""
Page 213
feedback (process)
feedback rule
feedback variable
felicity function
instantaneous utility function
fiat money
fiduciary money
fiat currency
central bank money
fiduciary agent
fiduciary
[SNA93]
field audit
on-site supervision
on-site inspection
Field Security Office

[IMF-TGS/DA]
FSO
Field Security Section

[TGS/SE/FS]
file a tax return
filter based on contribution to global growth
final consumption
Page 214
finance company
finance house
[GBR]
Finance Department
[IMF; MFSM]
FIN
financial accelerator
financial access data
financial account
Financial Action Task Force on Money Laundering
FATF
Financial Action Task Force
Financial and Administrative Systems Division

[TGS/IF]
financial and capital transactions
financial and regulatory arbitrage
financial asset
financial asset boundary
financial assets and liabilities account
financial broadening
broadening of the financial market
broadening of the capital market
financial capital
Page 215
financial center
financial channels
financial crowding out
financial deepening
deepening of the financial market
deepening of the capital market
financial depth
financial derivative
derivative
derivative instrument
Financial Derivatives: A Supplement to the Fifth Edition (1993) of the Balance

of Payments Manual
( ) :

financial discipline
financial disclosure
financial distress
financial economy
financial fragmentation
financial market fragmentation
financial future
Page 216
financial futures market

financial futures exchange
financial inclusion
financial innovation
Financial Institutions Division I, II
()( )
[STA/F1, F2]
financial institutions sector

[GFS 1986]
financial instrument
Financial Integrity Group

[IMF-LEG]
financial intelligence unit

[money laundering]
FIU
financial intermediation
financial intermediation services indirectly measured
FISIM
financial leasing
leasing
financial lease
finance lease
leasing arrangement
financial liabilities
Page 217
financial liberalization
financial loan
financial credit
financial market
Financial Market Review Group
financial market turbulence
financial turbulence
financial markets turmoil
Financial Markets Update
" "
[IMF-MCM]
net financial worth
financial openness
financial net worth
Financial Operations and Reporting Division
[FIN/FR]
Financial Organization and Operations of the IMF
[IMF]
Financial Oversight Division
[IMF-MCM]
financial panic
financial paper
[BOP]
Page 218
financial pooling arrangement

financial pooling
financial position
financial condition
financial product
financial records
financial reporting
financial restriction
financial safety net
financial repression
financial sector
Financial Sector Analysis Division

[IMF-MCM]
FA
Financial Sector Assessment Program

[IMF-WB]
FSAP
Financial Sector Policy Division
[MCM/FP]
Financial Sector Reform and Strengthening Initiative
( )
FIRST Initiative
FIRST
Page 219
Financial Sector Review Group
[IMF]
Financial Sector Stability Assessment
[IMF-WB]
FSSA
financial shield
financial armor plating
loan package
shield package
""
""

blindaje
financial shock
financial soundness
financial soundness indicator

[FSIG]
FSI
Financial Soundness Indicators: Compilation Guide
[IMF]
FSIG
Financial Stability Board

FSB
financial stability contribution
financial stability tax
Financial Stability Forum

[G-7]
FSF
Financial Stability Line
FSL
Page 220
Financial Stability Oversight Council
FSOC
financial statement
financial stress
Financial Stress Index
Financial Surveillance Strategy
financial survey
[IMF]
Financial System Stability Assessment

[IMF]
FSSA
financial transactions plan

[IMF]
transactions plan
financial viability
financial year of the Fund
financially integrated commodity exporters

[1997 -]

FICE
financially integrated economies
financing abroad
[GFSY]
Page 221
financing assurances
[IMF]
financial assurances
financing by type of debt holder

[GFSY]
financing by type of debt instrument
[GFSY]
financing facility
credit facility
facility
[IMF]
financing gap
[BPM5]
financing package
financial package
financing requirements
financing
[GFSY; GFSM; SNA93]
fine gold
fine tuning
fineness of gold
fines and forfeits
[GFSY]
Page 222
finished good
finite difference
fire sale
fire sale liquidation
forced liquidation
fire-sale price
first credit tranche conditionality
[IMF]
first credit tranche purchase
[IMF]
First Deputy Managing Director
[IMF-OMD]
FDMD
first in, first out
FIFO
first in, last out
[accounting]
FILO
first order condition
first-round effect
Page 223
first-order effect
first-tier bank
fiscal adjustment
fiscal consolidation
fiscal containment
fiscal retrenchment
fiscal tightening
budget consolidation
budgetary consolidation
budgetary retrenchment
Fiscal Affairs Department

[IMF]
FAD
fiscal agency
[IMF]
fiscal audit
fiscal austerity
fiscal balance

/

/

/
budgetary balance
budget surplus/deficit
fiscal buffers
fiscal burden
[GFSM 2001]
fiscal capacity
Page 224
fiscal cliff
fiscal deficit
fiscal depreciation
tax depreciation
fiscal devaluation
fiscal discipline
fiscal restraint
fiscal dominance
fiscal drag
fiscal effort
tax effort
fiscal envelope
fiscal equilibrium
fiscal balance
fiscal federalism
fiscal gap
Page 225
fiscal governance
fiscal illusion
fiscal impulse
fiscal stimulus
fiscal institution
budgetary institution
budget institution
Fiscal Library
[FAD/AI/FL]
fiscal monopoly
revenue-producing monopoly
[EC]
fiscal opacity
Fiscal Operations Division 1, 2, 3
()( )( )
[FAD/F1, F2, F3]

FOD1, FOD2, FOD3
fiscal panel
[IMF-FAD]
fiscal planning
fiscal policy
Fiscal Policy and Surveillance Division
[FAD/FP]
Page 226
fiscal position
fiscal responsibility
fiscal accountability
fiscal revenue
fiscal rule
fiscal skeleton
skeleton
fiscal stabilization
fiscal stance
fiscal stimulus package
fiscal strategy
fiscal space
fiscal sustainability
fiscal tariff
][customs
revenue tariff
Page 227
fiscal transparency
Fiscal Transparency Modules of Reports on the Observance of Standards and

Codes
Fiscal ROSC
Fiscal Transparency Unit

[FAD/AI/FT]
FTU
fiscal union
fiscal withdrawal
fiscal year
financial year
FY
fit a trend
[econometrics]
fit and proper

[bank resolution]

((
fit
[statistics]
five systemic economies
S5
Systemic 5
fixed capital consumption
consumption of fixed capital

CFC
Page 228
fixed capital formation

[SNA93]
fixed cost
fixed exchange rate parity

fixed par value
fixed parity
fixed rate parity
fixed exchange rate regime
fixed expenditure
fixed price
Fixed-Income Subaccount
fixed-weight price index
fixing
flag of convenience
FOC
flag of registration
[BPM5]
flash estimate
flat rate
Page 229
flat-loading
[IMF]
Flexible Credit Line

FCL
flexible exchange rate

flexible rate of exchange
flexible value date

[IMF]
flexicurity
flexicurity model
[European Union]
flight into quality

flight to safety
flight to quality
float
[banking]
floating completion point
[HIPC Initiative]
floating currency
floating debt
[GFS 1986; SNA93]
floating decimal point
floating point
Page 230
floating exchange rate

floating rate
floating facility
( )
[IMF]
floating rate bond
floating rate loan
floating rate note
floor option
floor
flotation
flow
flow data
transactions data
flow of funds table

[SNA93]
flow of funds
[SNA93]
flow rescheduling
1993; HIPC Initiative]
flow variable
Page 231
fluctuation band
[exchange rates]
fluctuation margin
band
exchange rate corridor
currency band
follow-up mission
[IMF]
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
( )
FAO
food crop
food security
For Immediate Release
for restricted use only (not for use by third parties)
( )
forbearance
loan forbearance
force majeure
forced saving
foreclosure
foreign bond
foreign borrowing
Page 232
foreign capital
foreign direct investment

FDI
direct foreign investment
DFI
foreign exchange assets

[BPM5]
foreign exchange auction
foreign exchange cost
exchange cost
foreign exchange dealer

foreign exchange trading officer
trading officer
foreign exchange trader
foreign exchange equalization fund

exchange stabilization fund
[GMBS]
currency stabilization fund
CSF
foreign exchange exposure

[FSIG]
currency exposure
foreign currency exposure
foreign exchange market

exchange market
foreign exchange position
Page 233
foreign exchange rationing
foreign exchange record

exchange record
foreign exchange speculation
surrender requirement
foreign exchange taxes
foreign exchange surrender requirement
exchange taxes
foreign financial assets

[BPM5; GFSM]
foreign general government
[BOP]
foreign issue
[securities]
foreign liabilities
foreign official sector
[BPM5]
foreign portfolio investment
FPI
foreign securities
[BOP]
Page 234
foreign sources of financing

[BOP]
foreign tax credit
foreign trade multiplier
foreign trade
[SNA93]
trade
[SNA93]
international trade
cross-border trade
foreign-held balances
foreign-owned corporation
forensic accounting
forfaiting
[export credits]
forfeit
forfeiture
confiscation
forgone revenue
forgone income
forgone earnings
Formal Board Seminar
( )
Page 235
formal consultation
[IMF]
regular consultation
formal ineligibility
[IMF]
formal sector
formal vote

[1997 -]

formally convertible currency

[IMF]
formula-based grant
[public finance]
formula grant
forty plus eight recommendations

40 and 8 Recommendations
FATF 408
FATF 408 recommendations
Forty Recommendations
[FATF]
FATF 40
forty FATF Recommendations

40 Recommendations to Combat Money-Laundering
FATF 40 Recommendations
forward commitment capacity
[IMF, liquidity]
FCC
cover
Page 236
forward cover
forward curve
forward discount
forward exchange transaction
forward financial derivative contract

forward contract
forward-type contract
forward
forward foreign exchange contract
forward guidance
forward linkage
forward looking expectations
forward market
1993]
forward operation
forward premium
premium
forward rate agreement

FRA
future rate agreement

[BIS]
Page 237
forward shifting
Fourth Pillar Consultations with the Fund on Reform of IMF Governance

Fourth Pillar Consultations with civil society on IMF Governance Reform
Fourth Pillar consultations
fractional reserve banking system
fragile state
Framework Administered Account for Technical Assistance Activities
[IMF]
framework agreement
framework for financial sector stability
Framework for Strong, Sustainable and Balanced Growth

[G-20]
franchise value
franchise
[retailing]
franchising
Frankfurt interbank offered rate
FIBOR
free alongside ship
( )
f.a.s.
Page 238
free competition
free enterprise economy
free entry (into a market)
( )

free float
clean float
free floating
free good
[economics]
free market price

[BPM5]
free market pricing
free reserves
free rider
free rider bank

[London Club]
free rider
free trade area

""

""
""
Page 239
free trade zone

free zone
free port
free warehouse
foreign trade zone
free trade
open trade
liberal trade
free vector
freedom of capital movements

free movement of capital
freely usable currency

[IMF]
free-riding
freight and insurance on merchandise

[BOP]
French international financial futures market
[FRA]
MATIF
French Section
[TGS]
frequency distribution
[statistics]
frequency
[data]
Page 240
frictional unemployment
transitional unemployment
search unemployment
frictionless market
friendly takeover
fringe benefits
employee benefits
front office
( )
Front Office
[IMF]
front-end fee
( )
frontier technology
leading technology
leading edge technology
cutting edge technology
front-loaded interest reduction bond

FLIRB
front-loaded spending
front-loading
[IMF]

( )
front-end loading
fuel exporters
Page 241
fulfill an obligation
[IMF]
full asset settlement
full capacity level
full cost pass-through
full currency convertibility
full dollarization
official dollarization
full employment
full employment balance
full employment budget surplus
full employment multiplier
full information maximum likelihood procedure

[econometrics]
FIML procedure
full liquidity rule
full-fledged Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper
full-fledged PRSP
full PRSP
full-recourse loan
Page 242
fully funded pension plan

[corporations]
funded pension plan
fully funded system
funded system
fully funded plan
[corporations]
fully invested
functional and special services departments
[IMF]
functional classification of expense

functional classification of expenditure
functional relationship
Fund liquidity
fund of funds
FOF
Fund Office in the United Nations
[IMF]
UN
Fund quota
IMF quota
membership quota
quota in the Fund
[IFS; SNA93]
quota
Page 243
Fund staff
[IMF]
staff
fundamental disequilibrium
fundamental equilibrium exchange rate
FEER
fundamentally misaligned
Fund-Bank mission
funded debt
long-term liability
non-current liability
long-term debt
Funding for Lending Scheme

/
/

FLS
funding gap
funding market
funding mismatch
funding of deferred charges
[IMF]
funding
[finance]
fundraising
Page 244
Fund-related accounts
Fund-related assets
Fund-supported program
fungibility
fungible securities
futures commission merchant
FCM
futures contract
future
futures option
G20 Business Summit

Business Summit
G20 Indicative Guidelines for Assessing Persistently Large Imbalances

Indicative Guidelines
G-20 Mutual Assessment Process
G-20 MAP
MAP
G-20/IMFC Data Gaps Initiative

Data Gaps Initiative
DGI
Page 245
g7 group of countries experiencing conflict and fragility

Group of Seven Plus
g7
G8 Debt Cancellation Proposal

G8 Debt Proposal
G8 debt initiative
game theory
gamma distribution
gap financing
bridge financing
bridge loan
bridging credit
swing loan
swing line
gap risk
mismatch risk
repricing risk
interest rate refixing risk
refixing risk
gapping
Gatekeeper Initiative
[AML/CFT]
Gauss-Markov theorem
GDP blend
Page 246
GDP blend booster
GDP-indexed bond
GDP-only formula
geared managed fund
geared fund
geared unit trust
gender awareness
gender equality
gender mainstreaming
General Accounting Office

[USA]
GAO
General Administrative Order

[IMF]
GAO
General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade
( )
GATT
General Agreement on Trade in Services
( )
[WTO]
GATS
General Arrangements to Borrow
[IMF]
GAB
Page 247
General Counsel
[IMF-LEG]
General Counsel, Assistant
[IMF-LEG]
General Counsel, Deputy
[IMF-LEG]
General Data Dissemination Standard

[IMF]
GDDS
general standard
General Data Dissemination System Unit
[STA/AI/GD]
GDDS Unit
General Data Dissemination System

[IMF-EBB]
GDDS
General Department
[IMF]
general equilibrium
general equilibrium theory
general exchange arrangements
[IMF]
general government sector

general government
general increase in quotas
equiproportional increase in quotas
Page 248
general obligation bond

GO bond
general public services

[GFSM; GFSY]
general reserve
[AA]
General Resources Account

[IMF]
GRA
General Resources and SDR Policy Division
[FIN/GR]
general resources
( )
[IMF]
General Review of Quotas

[IMF]
five-year review of quotas

quinquennial review of quotas
[IMF]
general sales tax
GST
general SDR allocation

general allocation of SDRs
General Services Division
[TGS/DG]
generalized floating
Page 249
generalized inverse
[mathematics]
generalized method of moments

GMM
Generalized System of Preferences

[WTO]
GSP
generally accepted accounting principles

GAAP
generally accepted auditing standards

GAAS
Generally Accepted Principles and Practices for Sovereign Wealth Funds

GAPP
Santiago principles
generation of savings
generational accounting
generic data quality assessment framework

[IMF-GDDS]
generic assessment framework

generic framework
Geneva Office
[IMF-EUR]
EUO/GE
Gensaki market
)(
[Japan]
Page 250
Genuine Progress Indicator

GPI
geographic territory
[BOP]
geometric probability
geometric progression
Germany, United Kingdom, Netherlands
GUN
gestation period
Geuro
GFSM 2001
GFSM
gift tax
gilt-edged market maker
[UK]
GEMM
Gini coefficient
Gini inequality index
coefficient of concentration
Gini index
Giro system postal
[GMBS]
Giro system
post giro
Page 251
gliding parity
sliding parity
Global Advisory Committee

GAC
Global Alliance for Vaccines and Immunization
GAVI
global balance of payments
global bond
global commons
global consolidation
[MPI]
Global Corporate Governance Forum
[OECD; WB]
GCGF
global credit spreads
global current account balance
Global Data Source

GDS
global depository receipt

GDR
global economic and financial outlook
Page 252
Global Economy Model

[IMF]
GEM
Global Environment Facility Trust Fund
[IBRD-UNEP-UNDP]
Global Environment Facility

[IBRD-UNEP-UNDP]
GEF
Global Environment Trust Fund
[World Bank]
GET
Global Financial Stability Division
[MCM/GS]
Global Financial Stability Report
[IMF-MCM]
GFSR
global governance
Global HIV/AIDS Unit
[IBRD]
global imbalance
Global Infrastructure Facility
[World Bank]
GIF
Global Initiative on Fiscal Transparency
GIFT
global labor arbitrage
Page 253
Global Markets Monitoring and Analysis Division
[MCM/GA]
Global Monitoring Report

[IMF/World Bank]
GMR
global need to supplement reserve assets

[IMF]
Global Partnership on Results-Based Aid

[IBRD]
Global Partnerships Division

[IMF-Institute for Capacity Development]
global payments imbalance approach
Global Policy Agenda
GPD
" "

GPA
Global Projection Model
GPM
global public good
GPG
global rebalancing
Global Stabilization Mechanism
GSM
global statement
[BPM5]
Page 254
global stewardship
[environment]
global systemically important financial institutions
G-SIFIs
global tax
global value chain
global
world
[SNA93]
universal
globalization
GMBS
A Guide to Money and Banking Statistics in International Financial Statistics
[IMF]
GNP deflator
GNP gap
going concern
going price
[BPM5]
gold auction
gold bullion
gold coin
Page 255
gold exchange standard

gold standard
gold parity
gold pledge
[IMF-ESAF]
gold subscription
[IMF]
gold swap
gold tranche drawing

[AA]
gold tranche position

[AA]
gold tranche purchase

[AA]
gold valuation
[GMBS]
gold-backed
golden rule of accumulation

golden rule of capital accumulation
golden rule of growth
Goldilocks fiscal consolidation
Page 256
good governance
goodness of fit
[statistics]
goodness-of-fit test
goods and services
[BPM5; BPM6; SNA93]
goods market
product market
goods on consignment
[BPM5]
goods, services, and income

[BPM5]
goodwill
goodwill clause
governance of the Fund
IMF governance
[IMF]
Page 257
governance
[GEF]
Governing Council
[ECB]
government agency
government department
government bond
government borrowing
government enclaves
[BPM5]
government expenditure
Government Finance Division

[STA/GO]
Government Finance Statistics Manual 2001
GFSM 2001
GFSM
Government Finance Statistics Yearbook
[IMF]
GFS Yearbook
GFSY
Page 258
government finance statistics

[GFS 1986; GFSM]
GFS
Government Finance Statistics, A Manual on
[IMF]
GFS Manual
government finance
[IFS]
Government National Mortgage Association

Ginnie Mae

""
government obligation
government commitment
government receipts
government revenue
government sector
government
government security
government paper
government spending ratio

public spending ratio
governmental industrial transaction

[GFS 1986]
government-sponsored enterprise
[USA]
GSE
government-sponsored entity
Page 259
][
]Governor of the Fund for [country

][IMF
Governor
][IMF; WB
Governor, Alternate
][IMF; WB
Governor, Temporary Alternate

][IMF
grace period
][FSIG
grade drift
grade creep
gradualism
""
""

][IDA
graduated tax

""

""
""
Page 260
graduate
graduation
][World Bank
maturation
][USA Treasury
grandfathering
grant
grant element of a loan

grant element
1993]
gift element
grantor
gray area measure

[trade]
grey area measure
GRAY Document
[IMF document series; GRAY/...]
)
(
gray market
Great Depression
Great Recession
Greater Arab Free Trade Area
GAFTA
green conditionality
green shoots
greenfield investment
green field investment
Page 261
greening
greenmail
grexit
Grievance Committee
[IMF]
gross accumulation
accumulation
gross asset position in derivatives
[MPI]
gross capital formation

[GFSY; SNA93]
gross domestic expenditure
gross domestic product

GDP
gross fixed capital formation
[GFSY; IFS; SNA93]

GFCF
gross Fund position (of a member)
] [
[IMF]
gross liability position in derivatives
gross measurement of flows
Page 262
gross national disposable income
[BPM5]
GNDY
GNDI
gross national expenditure

[IFS]
GNE
gross national income

GNI
GNY
gross national product

GNP
gross operating balance

[GFSM]
gross operating profit or loss
gross output
gross recording
[BPM5; BPM6]
gross reserve position

[IMF]
gross social product

[centrally planned economies]
GSP
gross up
( )
group lending
Page 263
Group of 77
G-77
Group of Eight
Group of 8
G-8
Group of Five
Group of 5
G-5
Group of Seven
Group of 7
G-7
Group of Ten
Group of 10
G-10
Group of Twenty
Group of 20
G-20
Group of Twenty Finance Ministers and Central Bank Governors
G20 Developing Nations

G20
G21
G22
Group of Twenty-Four
[developing countries]
Group of 24
G-24
growth accounting framework
growth path
Page 264
Growth Tracker
IMF's Growth Tracker
growth-oriented adjustment
guarantee
guaranteed loan
backed loan
Guidance Note for Surveillance under Article IV Consultations
Guidance Note on Liberalization and Management of Capital Flows
Guidance Note on Public Debt Sustainability Analysis for Market Access

Countries
Guide on Resource Revenue Transparency
guidelines for borrowing by the Fund
[IMF]
guidelines for early repurchase
[IMF]
Guidelines for Fiscal Risk Disclosure and Management

[IMF]
Guidelines for Public Expenditure Management
guidelines for the management of floating exchange rates
[IMF]
Guidelines on Conditionality (2002)
Page 265
Guidelines on Corrective Action
[IMF]
GCA
Guidelines on Remedial Action
haircut
handling charge
harbor fee
hard budget constraint

HBC
hard currency
hard landing
( )

hard loan
hard money
[coin]
hard peg
hard restructuring
hardening (of currency)
hardship
[IMF]
[1993-]
hardwiring
Page 266
harmonic mean
harmonic process
harmonization
reconciliation
( )
harmonized (tariff) system
Harmonized Commodity Description and Coding System
[EC]
HS
harmonized index of consumer prices
[EU]
HICP
Harmonized System of Customs Classification
[WTO]
hawala/hundi alternative remittance system
hawala
head tax
community charge
[GBR]
poll tax
headline inflation
overall inflation
headline tax rate
Page 267
Headquarters Security Section

[TGS/SE/HS]
Headquarters Training Unit
[INS/AV/TR/HE]
headquarters
principal office of the Fund
HQ
headroom
headwinds
health
Health Room
[IMF-IBRD]
heavily indebted country
Heavily Indebted Poor Countries Debt Initiative

[IMF]
HIPC Initiative
(" )"
""
" "
HIPC Debt Initiative

[IMF]
heavily indebted poor country
HIPC
highly indebted poor country
hedge clause
disclaimer
Page 268
hedge currency
hedge ratio
hedging
[forward market]
hedge
hedonic price index

hedonic index
held-to-maturity Investment
herd behavior
herd effect
bandwagon
bandwagon behavior
bandwagon effect
lemming-like behavior
Herfindahl-Hirschman Index
HHI
Herfindahl index
[FSIG]
heteroscedastic error
[econometrics]
heteroscedasticity
[econometrics]
heteroskedasticity
hidden cost
Page 269
hidden inflation
disguised inflation
hidden subsidy
concealed subsidy
hidden unemployment
disguised unemployment
high access contingent financing
High Access Precautionary SBA
HAPA
precautionary SBA
High Access Precautionary Arrangement
High Access Precautionary Stand-by Arrangement
high quality growth
high technology industry
high yield bond
higher income brackets
higher-middle-income country
HMIC
upper-middle-income countries
1993]
UMICS
high-frequency trading
Page 270
high-inflation country
High-Level Forum on Aid Effectiveness
High-level Panel of Eminent Persons
High-Level Task Force on the Global Food Security Crisis

[UN]
highly geared company

leveraged company
highly leveraged institution

HLI
highly leveraged investor
HLI
high-spread sovereigns
high-yield credit spread
HIPC Initiative completion point document
HIPC Initiative decision point document
HIPC Poverty-Related Expenditure Tracking Assessment and Action Plan

[IMF-World Bank, HIPC]
" "
" "

AAP
HIPC subaccount
" "
[IMF]
HIPC Trust Fund
""
[World Bank; Debt Guide 1993]
Page 271
historical cost
original cost
historic cost
historical trend
hoarding
[SNA93; goods]
holder of record
holder of SDRs
holding company
holding corporation
[SNA]
holding gains and losses
holdings below allocations
[SDR]
holdings rate
[IMF]
hold-out creditor
[SDRM; bankruptcy]
holdout
dissident creditor
holdout creditor
holdover trade
holdover
holdover transaction
holdover trading position
Page 272
home banking
home bias
home country
home country supervisor
home supervisor
home equity loan

equity loan
home equity credit

equity credit line
home mortgage market
home production
household production
homoscedasticity
[econometrics]
Hong Kong Monetary Authority
HKMA
horizontal fund
horizontal integration
Hospitality Section
[TGS/DG/HS]
host country
Page 273
host country supervisor
host supervisor
hostile takeover
hot money
flight money
household saving
consumer saving
household sector
household
[BPM5; BPM6; GFSM; SNA93]
housing and community amenities
housing correction
housing cycle
Human Development Index
[UN]
HDI
Human Development Network
[IBRD]
HDN
Human Resources Center
[HRD/SC/CT]
HR Center
Page 274
Human Resources Department

[IMF]
HRD
Human Resources Information Systems Section
[HRD/SC/IS]
Human Resources Services Division
[HRD/SC]
HR Services
hybrid instrument
hybrid security
hydraulic fracturing technology
fracking
hyperinflation
hypertext markup language
html
hypothesis testing
significance testing
hysteresis effect
hysteresis
IASB
International Accounting Standards Board

[FSIG]
ICGS
IDA buy-down mechanism
[IBRD]
Page 275
IDA Replenishment(, First, Second, ...)

IDA-1, IDA-2
IDA-only country
( ... )

""
[IBRD]
idle balances
idle money
barren money
idle resources
IDP
internally displaced persons
persons displaced within their own countries
IFS
" "
International Financial Statistics

[IMF]
International Financial Statistics
Ijara
Ijara Wa Iktina
illiquidity
illiquidity risk
risk of illiquidity
Page 276
illustrative quota
[IMF]
imbalance
[BPM5; SNA93]
IMF Center
[IMF-EXR]
IMF Civic Program Advisory Committee

CPAC
IMF Committee on Balance of Payments Statistics

[IMF]
BOPCOM
corporate governance of the Fund
IMF Diversity and Inclusion Statement
IMF corporate governance
IMF Electronic Bulletin Board

[IMF]
IMF Bulletin Board
[IMF]
bulletin board
IMF governance reform
IMF Institute
[IMF]
INS
Institute
IMF Media Briefing Center

[IMF]
Online Media Briefing Center
Page 277
1
1
2
2

IMF Memorandum
IMF Middle East Center for Economics and Finance

CEF
IMF No. 1 Account

][IMF
IMF No. 2 Account

][IMF
IMF Paper on Policy Analysis and Assessment

][IMF document series; PPAA/...
PPAA
IMF Research Bulletin
IMF Survey
IMF Terminology Working Group

][IMF-TGS
TWG
IMF Visitors' Center
IMF Working Paper

][IMF document series; WP/...
WP
Working Paper
IMF-AMF Regional Training Program

][IMF-INS
RTP
Page 278
IMF-Singapore Regional Training Institute

][IMF-INS
STI
IMF-supported or other monetary program

Immediate Office
[IMF]
.../AI
immunity from judicial process
[IMF]
immunity from taxation
[IMF]
immunity of archives
[IMF]
immunity of assets
[IMF]
impaired asset
impaired
[bank supervision]
impairment loss
[accounting]
impairment of capital
imperfect substitute
differentiated product
implicit cost
imputed cost
Page 279
implicit deposit insurance
implicit price deflator

GDP deflator
[GFSY]
import absorption
import bill
import capacity of exports

import coverage
cover rate
import capacity
importing power
import cartel
import content (of domestic products)
( )

import duty
import tariff
tariff
entry duty
entry tax
import monopoly
import penetration ratio
IPR
import price
Page 280
import price inflation
import substitute
import substitution
import surcharge
import surtax
import-consumption ratio
ICR
imported inflation
imported unemployment
import-intensive
impound appropriations
sequester appropriations
imprest account
improved goodwill clause

[Paris Club]
impulse response function
IRF
imputed income
[BOP]
Page 281
imputed social contributions
imputed transactions
[BPM5; GFSM]
imputed value
In the Name of God, the Compassionate, the Merciful

Bism elahi-rahmani rahim
inactivity trap
in-bond industry
incidence of unemployment
incidental costs or charges
incidental costs
incidentals
incidental unemployment
inclusive economy
inclusive growth
income account
[accounting]
revenue and expense account
Page 282
income and outlay account

[GFS 1986; SNA93]
income approach
( )

income bracket
income effect
income elasticity
income elasticity of demand

YED
income multiplier
income policy
incomes policy
income poverty
income target
[IMF]
target income
income tax
income terms of trade
income value
income velocity of money
income-spending lag
Page 283
income-split tax system

split system
income-tested assistance
incomings
incomplete market
incorporated enterprise
increase in quotas
][IMF
increasing marginal return

/
/

Page 284
incremental budget
incremental capital-output ratio

ICOR
incremental devaluation
gradual devaluation
incremental labor-output ratio
incurrence of liabilities
indebtedness
Independent Evaluation Group

[World Bank]
IEG
Independent Evaluation Office

[IMF]
IEO
EVO
independent floating
independent float arrangement
independent variable
[mathematics; statistics]
predictor variable
predictor
index arbitrage
index fund
index number theory

[CPI]
indexation
index-linking
indexed bonds
[BPM5]
indexed currency option note

ICON
heaven and hell bond
Page 285
indexed
index-linked
index-tied
index-linked securities
index-linked instruments
1993]
indicative price
indicative producer price
reference price
guiding price
indicative target
indifference curve
indirect finance
indirect taxation
indirect tax
individual retirement account
[USA]
IRA
induced consumption
induced investment
industrial classification
industrial country
Page 286
Industrial Development Center for Arab States
IDCAS
industrial estate
[GBR]
industrial park
[USA]
industrial gold
industry
ineligibility to use the Fund's resources, automatic
[IMF]
ineligibility
[AA, use of Fund resources]
inertial inflation
infant industry
inflation
inflation accounting
inflation differential
differential in inflation rates
inflation gap
inflationary gap
Page 287
inflation indexed bond

index-linked gilt
[GBR]
inflation rate
inflation stickiness
inflation targeting framework

inflation targeting
IT
direct inflation targeting

inflation targeting strategy
inflation targeting regime
inflation tax Laffer curve
""
ITLC
inflation tax
seigniorage
Inflation Tracker
IMF's Inflation Tracker
inflationary expectations
inflationary finance
inflationary spiral
wage-price spiral
inflection point
[mathematics]
Page 288
inflow of capital
capital inflow
influenza virus
Informal Board Seminar
informal meeting
[IMF Executive Board]
informal savings
informal sector
informality
information and liaison
[IMF]
information asymmetry
asymmetric information
informational asymmetry
informational asymmetries
information cost
information economy
information frictions
information highway
""
information superhighway
infobahn
[Europe]
Page 289
Information Management Section

[INS/AV/IF]
information notice system

INS
system of information notices
Information Officer
[IMF-EXR]
Information Officer, Senior

[IMF-EXR]
information security
Information Security Section

[TGS/SE/IS]
Information Services Division

[TGS/DI]
information sharing channel
Information Technology Policy Committee
[IMF]
Information Technology Services
[TGS/I]
IT Services
information technology
IT
information, education, and communication

outreach
Page 290
Infrastructure Division
[TGS/IR]
ingot
[gold]
inheritance tax
death tax
initial cost
initial margin
margin
initial public offering

IPO
initiative clause
[Paris Club]
input
[SNA93]
input-output analysis
[SNA 1993]
input-output table
IOT
input-output matrix
inreach efforts
in-service training
inside money
Page 291
insider
insider dealing
insider trading
insider loan
insider-outsider
[theory of employment]
insider-outsider theory
insolvency
insolvency practitioner
insolvency risk
risk of insolvency
insolvency system
insolvency regime
installed capacity
plant capacity
installment loan
installment credit
installment payment
installment
Institute for Capacity Development
[IMF]
ICD
Page 292
Institute of International Finance

IIF
institutional development
institutional engineering
Institutional Events Division

[IMF-SEC]
institutional investor
Institutional Repository of Fund Documents
[IMF]
institutional sector
[SNA93]
Institutional Table
institutional resident
institutional view
institutional unit
institutionalization
[financial sector]
Instrument to Establish the Post-Conflict Emergency Assistance Subsidy

Account for PRGF-eligible Members
Page 293
insurance claim
claim
[BPM5; BPM6; GFSM; MFSM]
Insurance Code of the Inter-African Conference on Insurance Markets

[WAEMU]
CIMA Code
Insurance Core Principles

ICP
insurance premium
Insurance Supervisory Principles

[IAIS]
IAIS Core Principles
insurance technical reserves
Insurance, Pensions and Family Services Section
[HRD/SB/IF]
intangible assets
[BPM5; BPM6; GFS 1986; GFSM; SNA93]
Integrated Correspondence System

[IMF]
ICS
integrated economic accounts
Integrated Financial Management Information System
IFMIS
integrated system of public sector financial management
Page 294
Integrated Framework for Trade-Related Technical Assistance to Least

Developed Countries
Integrated Framework
IF
Integrated Framework Steering Committee
IFSC
Integrated Framework Working Group

IFWG
integration
integrity
[DQAF]
intellectual property rights
intensified collaboration
intensified collaborative element
intensified collaborative approach
enhanced collaborative approach
intensified cooperative approach

[IMF]
intensified cooperative strategy
enhanced cooperative approach
enhanced cooperative strategy
strengthened cooperative strategy
strengthened cooperative strategy on overdue financial obligations

strengthened cooperative strategy on arrears
arrears strategy
intensified surveillance
[IMF]
Page 295
interaffiliate trade
Inter-African Conference on Insurance Markets
CIMA
Inter-Agency Group on Economic and Financial Statistics
Inter-Agency Task Force on Environment Statistics
Inter-Agency Task Force on International Trade Statistics

[UN]
Interagency Task Force on Statistics of International Trade in Services

[UN]
IATFSITS
Inter-American Committee on the Alliance for Progress
[OAS]
CIAP
Inter-American Development Bank
IDB
IADB
Inter-American Investment Corporation
[IDB]
IIC
Inter-Arab Investment Guarantee Corporation
IAIGC
Arab Investment Guarantee Corporation
interbank market
Page 296
interbank money market
interbank offered rate
) (
) (
) (

IBOR
interbank rate
intercept
][mathematics
inter-dealer broker
IDB
dealer-to-dealer broker
Interdepartmental Low-Income Committee
Interdepartmental Task force on Food and Fuel Prices
interenterprise arrears
interest arbitrage
interest differential
interest rate differential
interest due but not paid

][BPM5
) (..

Page 297
interest elasticity
interest mismatch
interest payable
interest payment
interest rate anchor
interest rate cap

cap option
( )

cap
interest rate capping agreements

interest rate guarantees
IRG
interest rate channel of monetary policy
( )
interest rate channel
interest rate contingency mechanism
interest rate derivative
interest rate equalization tax

interest equalization tax
interest rate future
interest rate parity

interest parity
interest rate risk
interest rate smoothing
Page 298
interest rate swap
interest recapture clause
interest receivable
[GMBS]
interest rescheduling
interest retiming
interest sensitivity
interest rate sensitivity
interest spread
interest subsidy
interest waiver
interest warrant
interest coupon
interest-bearing
interest-free loan
interest-only loan
interest-reduction bond
par bond
Page 299
intergenerational distribution
intergovernmental fiscal relations
intergovernmental grants or transfers
Intergovernmental Group of Twenty-Four on International Monetary Affairs

G-24
Intergovernmental Group of Twenty-Four on International Monetary Affairs and

Development
G-24
intergovernmental transaction
[GFS 1986]
intragovernmental transaction
[GFS 1986]
intergovernmental transfer mechanism
interim assistance
[IMF; PRGF]
interim disbursement
""
interim ESAF
interim Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper
[PRGF]
interim PRSP
I-PRSP
interim PRGF
[IMF]
Page 300
interim simplified consultation

[IMF]
interim consultation
intermediary service fees
[BOP]
intermediate consumption
intermediate goods
intermediation
internal audit
internal auditor
internal balance
internal devaluation
internal rate of return

IRR
internal ratings based approach

IRB
Internal Training Section

[INS/AI/IT]
International Accounting Standards Committee
IASC
Page 301
International Accounting Standards

[FSIG]
IAS
International Association for Official Statistics
[International Statistical Institute (ISI)]

IAOS
International Association of Conference Interpreters
International Association of Insurance Supervisors
IAIS
International Audit Standards
International Bank for Reconstruction and Development
[World Bank Group]

IBRD
international banking interest
IBI
international banking statistics
[IMF-STA; BPM5; FSIG]

IBS
international bond
international capital markets

ICM
International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes
[World Bank Group]

ICSID
International Chamber of Commerce
ICC
Page 302
International Comparison Program

[UN]
International Compilers Working Group on External Debt Statistics
[IMF, IBRD, OECD, BIS;Berne Union]
International Conference on Financing for Development

[UN]
ICFD
FfD
Monterrey Conference
FfD Conference
International Conference on National Poverty Reduction Strategies
International Conference on Poverty Reduction Strategies
International Convention for the Suppression of the Financing of Terrorism
International Development Association
[World Bank Group]

IDA
International Development Goals

[OECD]
IDGs
2015 targets
[Copenhagen Summit]
International Energy Agency
IEA
International Federation of Accountants
IFAC
International Finance Corporation
[World Bank Group]

IFC
Page 303
International Finance Facility for Immunization
IFFm
International Finance Facility

IFF
international financial architecture
International Financial Institution Advisory Commission

[USA]
Meltzer Commission
IFIAC
International Financial Reporting Standards
[FSIG]
IFRS
International Financial Statistics Yearbook
[IMF]
IFS Yearbook
International Fund for Agricultural Development
[WFC]
IFAD
international investment net position

[BOP]
IIP
net external asset position
international investment position
[BPM5; Debt Guide, 1993; Balance of Payments Compilation Guide 1995;

External Debt Statistics: Guide for Compilers and Users, 1993; Debt Guide,
1993]
IIP
Page 304
International Labour Office

[ILO]
ILO
International Labour Organisation

ILO
international lending process
international liquidity
[IFS]
international merchandise trade statistics
[UN]
International Monetary and Financial Committee
[IMF]
IMFC
International Monetary Fund Family Association
IMFFA
IMF Family Association
International Monetary Fund

IMF
international monetary system

IMS
International Organization for Standardization
ISO
International Organization of Securities Commissions
IOSCO
International Organization of Stock Exchange Commissions
Page 305
International Organization of Supreme Audit Institutions

INTOSAI
International Public Sector Accounting Standards

()
IPSAS
International Reconstruction Fund Facility for Iraq
IRFFI
International Regulators Forum
IRF
International Reserves and Foreign Currency Liquidity: Guidelines for a Data

Template
[IMF]
international reserves
[BPM6; GFSM; IFS]
external reserves
International Standard Classification of all Goods and Services
[UN]
ICGS
International Standard Classification of Education
International Statistical Institute

ISI
International Swaps and Derivatives Association
ISDA
International Trade Commission
[USA]
ITC
Page 306
international transaction reporting system
[BPM5]
ITRS
international transactions in services classification
[BOP]
International Union of Credit and Investment Insurers

Berne Union
International Working Group of Sovereign Wealth Funds

()
IWG
interofficial transaction
Interpretation Services
[TGS/AI/LI]
Interpreter, Chief
[IMF-TGS]
interrelated entries
[BPM5]
intertemporal budget constraint
intertemporal trade
intervention
intervention at the margins

intervention at the limits
( )

marginal intervention
intervention at the edges
Page 307
intervention currency
currency of intervention
intervention point
[exchange rates]
divergence threshold
maximum fluctuation limit
in-the-money option
intra-currency union flows
Intraindustry trade
intra-marginal intervention
coordinated intramarginal intervention
concerted intervention
joint intervention
IB
intrusive conditionality
inventory accumulation
introducing broker
inventory investment
inventory rundown
rundown on inventories
inventory
stocks
inverse yield curve
inverse term structure
Page 308
Investment Account
[IMF]
IA
investment bank
[USA]
merchant bank
[GBR]
investment budget
investment company
Investment Control and Valuation System
[IMF-INV]
ICVS
investment expenditure
investment spending
investment grade bond

[securities]
investment income
investment income-based proxy
international income-based proxy

IIP
Investment Office
[IMF-OMD]
INV
investment slump
Page 309
investment tax credit
ITC
Investment Unit
[FIN/PH/IN]
investment vehicle
investment
[economics]
investment-grade borrower
investment-grade spreads
investor base
investor confidence
investor sentiment
invisible hand
invisible transaction
[BOP]
invisibles
invisible item
invitation to bid
[procurement]
ITB
Page 310
invoice value
inward investment
inward-oriented economy
irrevocable documentary credit
ISIC
[UN]
ISIC
Islamic banking
Islamic Corporation for the Insurance of Investment and Export Credit
ICIEC
Islamic Development Bank

IsDB
IDB
Islamic Dinar
Islamic financial institution

[FSIG]
IFI
Islamic Financial Services Board
IFSB
island country
isocost
isometric chart
Page 311
isoquant
issue a complaint (against a member)
( )
[IMF]
issue cost
issuance cost

( )
issuer
[BIS]
issuer-pay business model

issuer-pay model
" "
" "
Issues Brief
[IMF-EXR]
Issues Paper
[World Bank]
items in transit
[GMBS]
J-curve
job creation
employment creation
job seeker
jobless recovery
Page 312
Joint Ad Hoc Committee of Arrangements for the Annual Meetings of the

Boards of Governors of the Bank and the Fund
[IMF/WB]
JCAAM
Joint Africa Institute

[IMF-INS, AfDB, IBRD]
JAI
joint and several liability
Joint Bank/Fund Committee of Executive Directors on Staff Compensation

[IMF/WB]
Joint Bank-Fund Library
[IMF-TGS]
JL
Joint Bank Library
Joint China-IMF Training Program
[IMF-INS]
CTP
Joint External Debt Hub
joint float
joint Fund/World Bank AML Methodology Document

AML Methodology Document
joint governmental activity
[GFS 1986]
Joint IMF/World Bank Implementation Committee for the HIPC Initiative and the
PRSP Program

""
JIC
Joint Implementation Committee
Page 313
Joint India-IMF Training Program

ITP
India Training Center
joint issue paper
joint liability company
Joint Ministerial Committee of the Boards of Governors of the Bank and the
Fund on the Transfer of Real Resources to Developing Countries
Joint Development Committee
Development Committee
Joint Oil Data Initiative
JODI
Joint Partnership for Africa
Joint Procedures Committee

JPC
Joint Regional Training Center for Latin America in Brazil

Brazil Training Center
[IMF-INS]
BTC
Joint Secretariat
Joint Staff Assessment
[IMF-IBRD]
JSA
joint stock company
Page 314
joint venture
joint enterprise
Joint Vienna Institute

[IMF-INS]
JVI
judgmental forecast
jumbo certificate of deposit

[USA]
junk bond
jurisdiction
jurisdiction risk
just-in-time inventory systems
Kennedy Round (of Multilateral Trade Negotiations)

( )
[GATT]
Keynesianism
Keynesian economics
Keynesian theory
keynote speech
kinked curve
Page 315
knock-on effects
know-how
knowledge bank
[IBRD]
knowledge-based economy
knowledge economy
kurtosis of frequency curve
Kuwait Fund for Arab Economic Development
KFAED
labor
labor cost
labor dispute
industrial dispute
labor force participation
labor force participation rate

labor participation rate
participation rate
labor force
workforce
economically active population
EAP
working population
Page 316
labor hoarding
labor income
[BPM5]
labor input
labor intensiveness
labor intensity
labor market
labor market rigidity
labor mobility
labor productivity
labour productivity
[SNA93]
productivity of labor
labor relations
industrial relations
labor saving device

labor saving innovation
labor supply
labor-intensive
labor-output ratio
Page 317
" "
Laffer Curve
lagged futures prices
lagged reserve accounting
LRA
lagged variable
lagging indicator
laissez-faire
laisser-faire
land
land development
[agriculture]
land improvement
land reclamation
land reform
agrarian reform
landed cost
landed price
landfill, sanitary
[USA, waste management]
landfilling, sanitary
[UK]
tipping, controlled
[UK]
landlocked country
Page 318
Language Services Library
Language Services
[TGS/L]
LS
Language Technology Advisory Group
[TGS-Language Services]
LTAG
Laplace-Gauss distribution
[statistics]
Gaussian distribution
normal distribution
lapse of time completion of Article IV consultation

[IMF]
lapse of time decision

LOT
large complex financial institutions
LCFIs
large taxpayer unit

LTU
largely compliant
[BIS]
large-scale access (to the Fund's resources)

[IMF]
( )
( )
very high access (to the Fund's resources)
large-scale asset purchases

LSAP
Page 319
largest debtor
last in, first out

[inventory accounting]
LIFO
last in, last out
LILO
late filer
[taxation]
late interest charges

1993]
late interest
[Paris Club]
late payment
[IMF]
Latin American debt crisis

LA debt crisis
Latin American Economic System
SELA
launch spread
Law Library
[IMF-LEG]
law of markets
law of one price
Page 320
" "

law of small numbers

Poisson distribution
lawful money
[USA]
lawful currency
layering
LDC-plus package
lead agency
lead manager
lead bank
lead underwriter
syndicate leader
leader market
leading indicator
forward-looking indicator
leading sector
League of Arab States

LAS
Arab League
leakage
( )
[economics]
learning culture
Page 321
lease agreement
lease
[SNA93]
leaseback
leased goods
[BPM5]
least advanced countries

LACs
least developed countries
LDCs
least squares fit
least squares regression
least squares regression analysis
least-squares estimate
LSE
leave without pay
legacy assets
legal and regulatory framework
Legal Department
[IMF]
LEG
legal tender
legal currency
Page 322
" "
" "
lend and forgive cycle
lender
lender of last resort

LOLR
LLR
lender of record
lending capacity
lending funds
loanable funds
lending into arrears policy
[IMF]
lending into arrears
LIA
lending minus repayments by function
[GFS 1986]
lending minus repayments
[GFS 1986; GFSY; IFS]
lending rate
loan rate
less developed countries
LDCs
Page 323
letter of appointment
[IMF]
Letter of Intent
[IMF]
LOI
letter of transmittal
cover letter
cover note
level playing field
level-based surcharge
[IMF]
level-based interest surcharge
leveling off
leverage
leveraged buyout
LBO
leveraged takeover
leveraged loan
leveraged loan market
leveraged management buyout

LMBO
leveraged position
Page 324
leveraged, highly
levy
[GFS 1986; SNA93]
liabilities constituting foreign authorities' reserves
[BPM5; IFS]
LCFAR(s)
reserve liabilities
liability
liability holdings
liabilities
liability insurance
liability operation
liability-generating occurrence
liberalization
liberalization of the capital account

[IMF]
capital account liberalization
Libor-OIS spread
""
(OIS)
Librarian, Chief
[IMF-TGS]
Page 325
Librarian, Senior
[IMF-TGS]
Library and Documents Unit

[INS/AV/IF/LI]
Library Client Services Section
[TGS/DI/LC]
Library Operations Section

[TGS/DI/LO]
licensing round
[petroleum industry]
life annuity
life cycle hypothesis

life cycle theory

( )
life expectancy at birth
expectation of life at birth
life expectancy
[BPM5]
lifetime income
likelihood function
limit order

) (
[stock exchange; FSIG]

limited order
Page 326
limited partner
silent partner
sleeping partner
limited liability partnership
limited recourse financing
limited partnership
limiting clause
line ministry
[budget]
line department
line agency
line of credit
credit line
linear constraint
linear correlation
linear correlation coefficient
linear equation
linear hypothesis
linear programming
Page 327
linear regression line

linear regression
regression line
line of best fit
line of closest fit
trend line
linear trend
line-item budget
line-item budgeting
line-item appropriation
linked price series
[CPI]
liquid asset
liquid asset requirement

LAR
liquid requirement
liquid liability
[IFS]
liquid market
liquidating dividend
[BPM5]
liquidation of the Fund
[IMF, Articles of Agreement]
Page 328
liquidation
winding up
winding down
liquidity
liquidity constraint
money crunch
liquidity facility
liquidity crunch
liquidity forecasting
[monetary policy]
liquidity gap risk

liquidity mismatch risk
mismatch risk
liquidity injection
liquidity loan
liquidity management
[GFSM]
liquidity control
liquidity of Fund resources
[IMF]
liquidity overhang
excess liquidity
monetary overhang
Page 329
liquidity portfolio
liquid asset portfolio
liquidity position
[IMF]
liquidity preference
liquidity ratio
[IMF]
liquidity squeeze
liquidity crisis
liquidity transformation
liquidity trap
money trap
liquidity/asset ratio
liquid assets to total assets
liquid asset ratio
list price
[BPM5]
listed security
quoted security
listing of securities
loan
loan agreement
Page 330
loan backed by gold
loan book
loan claim
loan classification
loan commitment
loan drawings
loan loss provision

[FSIG]
allowance for loan losses
loan loss provisioning
loan provisioning
loan loss reserve
loan loss
loss
loan mix
loan portfolio
loan resources
loan swap
Page 331
loan turndown
loan vintage
loan-loss recognition
loan-to-value ratio
LTV ratio
local currency bond market
LCBM
local currency clause

[Paris Club]
local government
[GFSM; SNA93]
localization economies
economies of location
locational international banking statistics

[BIS]
locational banking statistics
[BIS; Debt Guide, 1993; External Debt Statistics: Guide for Compilers and
Users, 1993]
locational statistics
[BIS]
locational basis
lockbox
""
locked-in price
[options]
locked-in rate
Page 332
lo-flation
lowflation
log scale
logarithmic regression
logit regression
log-normal distribution
Lombard facility
Lombard rate
London Interbank Bid Rate
LIBID
London Interbank Mean Rate
LIMEAN
London interbank offered rate

LIBOR
London International Financial Futures Exchange

" "
LIFFE
London Metal Exchange
LME
long- and medium-term debt
LMT debt
long bank
Page 333
long end of the market
long position
Long Term Capital Management
" "
LTCM
longer-term program engagement
LTPE
long-term bond yields
long-term interest rate
long-term rate
long rate
long-term trend
loophole
Los Cabos Action Plan

Los Cabos Growth and Jobs Action Plan
Los Cabos G20 Summit

Los Cabos Summit
Los Cabos Growth and Jobs Action Plan
low access PRGF arrangements

"
"
low-cost housing
Page 334
lower-level substitution bias
[CPI]
lower-middle-income country
LMIC
low-income country under stress
LICUS
low-income country
LIC
low-inflation country
lump sum payment

lump sum
lumpiness
Lusophone African countries
Portuguese-speaking African countries
Lyon terms
Lyons terms
macro fund
macro risk factors
macro-critical issue
macrocritical structural reforms
Page 335
macro-criticality
macroeconomic balance approach
macroeconomic balance exchange rate

MBER
Macroeconomic Imbalance Procedure

MIP
macroeconomic management
Macroeconomic Studies Division

][RES/MT
macro-financial linkage
macrofinancial linkages
Macro-Financial Linkages Unit

][RES/...
macrofinancial stability
macroprudential authority
macroprudential indicator
MPI
Page 336
macroprudential policy
macroprudential regulation
macroprudential toolkit
macroprudential tools
Mail Center
[IMF-SEC]
Mainland China
China: The Mainland
China, P.R.: Mainland
mainstreaming
maintenance call
[stock exchange]
margin call
( ..)
( ..)
maintenance margin
[capital market]
maintenance of value obligation

[IMF]
maintenance of value
[IMF]
major borrowers
major classifications
[BPM5]
major industrial countries
major oil exporters
Page 337
majority action clause
[debt]
majority creditor
[London Club]
majority enforcement provision
majority ownership
[corporations]
majority interest
majority control
controlling interest
majority restructuring provision
maladjustment
Malthusian trap
managed float
dirty float
managed floating with no predetermined path for the exchange rate
managed rate
managed exchange rate
managed trade
Management Development Center
[IMF-HRD]
MDC
Page 338
Management Development Section
[HRD/SD/MD]
management fee
[securities]
Management Implementation Plan

MIP
management letter
[IMF]
Management
[IMF]
managing director
[IBRD]
Managing Director
[IMF-OMD]
MD
Managing Director, Acting

[IMF-OMD]
Managing Director, Temporary Acting
[IMF-OMD]
mandated expenditures
mandatory spending
direct spending
mandatory prepayment clause
[London Club]
mandatory repurchase
[IMF]
Page 339
man-day
staff-day
person-day
man-hour
staff-hour
Manual on Fiscal Transparency (2007)
()
[IMF]
Manual on Statistics of International Trade in Services
[UN]
manufactured goods
manufactures
manufacturing industry
manufacturing sector
manufacturing
man-year
staff-year
person-year
margin
margin account
margin financing
margin interest
margin requirement
Page 340
margin trade
margin trading
marginal borrower
marginal cost
marginal cost pricing
marginal lending facility

[Eurosystem]
marginal product
marginal physical product
marginal propensity to consume
marginal propensity to save
marginal rate of tax

[taxation]
marginal reserve requirement

MRR
marginal revenue product of capital
MRPK
marginal revenue product
marked-to-model
marker crude
[petroleum]
Page 341
market access countries
market access overall trade restrictiveness index
MA-OTRI
market borrowers
market breadth
market capitalization
[enterprises]
market cap
MCAP
market clearing price

clearing price
market clearing
market clearance
market concentration
market discipline
market disruption
market economy
market-oriented economy
market efficiency
market failure
Page 342
market financing
market fragmentation
market glut
market gold sales
market imperfection
market integrity
market maker
market making
market neutrality
market niche
market power
market price equivalent
market pull
market rate
Page 343
market saturation
market SDR
market segmentation
market sentiment
market share
market sharing arrangement
market size
market stress
market terms
commercial terms
hard terms
conventional terms
conventional market terms
market turnover
market yield
marketable good
Page 344
market-based approach
market-based debt reduction
market-friendly policy
market-oriented policy
marketing board
marketing facilities
marketing channels
market-related terms
[lending]
market-sensitive information
market-sensitive data
marks of origin
[GATT]
mark-to-market loss
mark-to-market
mark a position to market
mark to the market
MTM
markup
mark-up
[SNA93]
master file
matching grant
[public finance]
Page 345
material injury
[GATT]
materiality
[BPM6]
materially noncompliant
[BIS]
matrix management
multiple channel management
mature market
mature stabilizer
mature technology
mature
[finance]
maturity date
maturity
maturity distribution
1993]
maturity breakdown
maturity profile
1993]
maturity structure
1993]
repayment profile
Page 346
maturity extension program

MEP
maturity mismatch
maturity gap
maturity period
][Paris Club
maturity transformation
maximum access entitlement

][IMF
MDG Africa Steering Group

][UN
MDRI-I Trust
MDRI-II Trust
mean absolute error
mean deviation
mean point
means of payment
Page 347
means-tested assistance
measure of dispersion
measure of skewness
Media Relations Division

[COM/MR]
median
[statistics]
Medical Benefits Plan

[IMF]
MBP
medium of exchange
Medium Term Development Framework
MTDF
medium-term budgetary framework
MTBF
medium-term debt strategy
MTDS
medium-term expenditure framework
MTEF
medium-term financing facility
medium-term instrument
[IMF]
Page 348
medium-term interest rate

medium-term rate
medium-term loan
medium-term strategy
MTS
member country
[IMF]
member
[IMF]
membership dues
membership fees
Membership Engagement Division
[IMF-SEC]
membership resolution
[IMF]
membership
[IMF]
memorandum account
memorandum item
memorandum of understanding
memorandum entry
[IMF]
MOU
Memorandum on Economic and Financial Policies

[IMF]
MEFP
Page 349
menu approach
[debt]
menu item
[debt]
mercantilism
merchanting
commodities arbitrage
merger
[enterprises]
mergers and acquisitions

[enterprises]
merit good
merit increase
metadata
[EBBS; BPM6]
method of instrumental variables
method of moments
Methodology for Assessing Compliance with Anti-Money Laundering and

Combating the Financing of Terrorism Standard
metropolitan currency
[AA]
Page 350
Mexico/Latin Caribbean Division
[WHD/ML]
MFSM
Monetary and Financial Statistics Manual
microcredit
microlending
microfinance institution
MFI
microprudential regulation
microstates
Middle East and Central Asia Department
[IMF]
MCD
Middle East and Central Asia Economic Outlook
Middle East and North Africa Financial Action Task Force

MENAFATF
Middle East and North Africa region

MENA region
MENA countries
MENA
Middle East Technical Assistance Center
[IMF]
METAC
Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan, and Pakistan region
MENAP
Page 351
Middle Eastern Division

[INS/MS]
Middle Eastern oil exporters
middle rate
midpoint rate
[BPM5]
middle-income countries
[World Bank]
MIC countries
MICs
middle-income country under stress
MICUS
middle-income trap
midpoint spot rate

[BPM5]
mid-point
midpoint
midstream
mid-term baseline scenario
midterm review
[IMF programs]
midyear review
[IMF]
Page 352
migrants' remittances
[SNA93]
migrants' transfers
[BPM5]
Millennium Africa Renaissance Program
Millennium Program for the Renaissance of Africa
Millennium Development Goals

MDG
Millennium Round of Multilateral Trade Negotiations

Millennium Round
mineral exporters
mineral rights
minimum acceptable bid

stop-out price
cut-off price
minimum bid rate
[Eurosystem]
main refinancing rate
minimum efficient scale
MES
minimum living wage
minimum national social data set
MNSDS
Page 353
minimum wage in industry
mining
mining and mineral resources, manufacturing, and construction
[GFSY]
minority creditor
minority interest
non-controlling interest
misalignment
misallocation of resources
misreporting
[IMF]
mission chief
[IMF]
mission head
head of mission
chief of mission
mission report
[IMF]
misspecification, model
mixed economy
Page 354
modal tariff
[customs]
mode
[statistics]
Modern Portfolio Theory

MPT
portfolio theory
modified accrual accounting
modified cash accounting
Modigliani-Miller Theorem
momentum trader
positive feedback trader
monetary aggregate anchor

monetary aggregate
M1, M2, etc.
Monetary and Capital Markets Department
MCM
Monetary and Exchange Regimes Division

[MCM/ME]
monetary asset
monetary authorities
monetary authorities subsector
Page 355
monetary board
monetary conditions index
MCI
monetary control
monetary dominance
monetary easing
easing of monetary policy
monetary economics
monetary economy
monetized economy
monetary erosion
monetary flow
monetary gold
monetary gold stock
monetary institution
monetary management
monetary policy
monetary policy framework
Page 356
monetary standard
money standard
monetary stimulus
monetary support
monetary survey
[IFS]
monetary target
money supply target
monetary targeting strategy

intermediate monetary targeting
monetary targeting
monetary tightening
tight monetary policy
tightening
monetary restraint
monetary stringency
tight money
tight money policy
monetary transmission
transmission of monetary policy impulses
Monetary Union Member States
MUMS
monetization
Page 357
monetization of government debt

monetization of the deficit
monetization of the economy
money
money and banking statistics
[IMF]
money creation
money destruction
money growth rule
money illusion
money income
nominal income
money laundering reporting officer
[money laundering]
MLRO
money laundering
ML
Page 358
money market mutual fund shares
[USA]
MMMF shares
money market mutual fund

MMMF
money market fund

MMF
money market
[FSIG]
money multiplier
money rate
[interest]
money supply
[SNA93]
supply of money
M
money stock
stock of money
money wage
nominal wage
money-creating sector
[EU monetary statistics]
money-holding sector
money-issuing sector
Page 359
moneyness
money-neutral sector
monitoring system
[IMF]
monitoring process
monoline insurer
monopolistic competition
imperfect competition
monopolization
monopoly
monopoly power
monopoly rent
monopsony
monotonic relationship
[statistics]
Monte Carlo method

Monte Carlo simulation
Monterrey Consensus
moonlighting
Page 360
moral hazard
moral suasion
suasion
jawboning
window guidance
WG
moratory interest
[Paris Club]
moratorium interest
mortality
mortgage
mortgage bank
mortgage credit institution
mortgage company
mortgage rate
mortgage redemption
mortgage servicer
mortgage servicing rights
MSR
mortgage underwriting fees
underwriting fees
Page 361
mortgage-backed security
1993]
MBS
most favored nation clause
[Paris Club]
MFN clause
most immediately impacted countries
[IBRD]
MIICs
MIIs
most seriously affected countries

[UN]
MSAs
most
[IMF]
most-favored-nation treatment, general
moving average
moving peg
[exchange rates]
Mudarabah
[Islamic banking]
multicollinearity
[statistics]
multicountry balance of payments summation
Page 362
multicurrency loan
multicurrency peg
multicurrency pegging
multi-currency reserve system
multilateral clearing arrangements
[GMBS]
multilateral consistency constraint
[IMF]
multilateral consultation on global imbalances
multilateral credit line
multilateral creditor
multilateral currency union
Multilateral Debt Relief Initiative
MDRI
multilateral development bank

MDB
Multilateral Exchange Rate Model
[IMF]
MERM
Multilateral Guarantee Fund
[EC]
Page 363
Multilateral Investment Fund
[IDB]
MIF
Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency
[World Bank Group]

MIGA
multilateral netting
multilateral settlement
multilateral surveillance
Multilateral Surveillance Unit
[RES/AI/MS]
multilateral system of payments
multilateral trade agreement
[WTO]
MTA
multilateral agreement
[WTO]
multilateral trade negotiations
MTN
Multilateral Trade Organization
MTO
multinational enterprise
transnational enterprise
Page 364
multi-option financing facility
MOFF
multi-option facility
MOF
1993]
multiple-option facility
multi-phase sampling
multiple exchange rate practice
multiple effective exchange rate
multiple currency practice
multiple exchange rate system

multiple rate system
multiple exchange rates

split exchange rates
multiple official exchange rates
[BPM6]
multiple price auction
multiple regression
multiple-speed recovery
multispeed recovery
multiplier
multiplier effect
multiproduct firm
Page 365
multipurpose bank
multiservice bank
multiple bank
all-purpose bank
universal bank
multipurpose survey
multiregion econometric model

[IMF]
MULTIMOD econometric model
multisector regulatory agency

MRA
(" )"
""
" "
multi-stage sampling
multivariate analysis
multivariate time series
MTS
multiyear arrangements
[BOP]
multiyear debt rescheduling arrangement

[Paris Club]
MYRA
multiyear rescheduling arrangement

multiyear debt rescheduling agreement
multiyear debt rescheduling
multiyear rescheduling agreement
multiyear pledge
Mundell-Fleming model
Page 366
municipal bond
muni
Murabaha
[Islamic banking]
Musharakah
[Islamic banking]
Mutual Aid and Loan Guarantee Fund of the Entente Council

[Council of the Entente]
mutual savings bank

MSB
((
mutually exclusive
naive model
naming and shaming
""
Naples terms
naive forecasting model
1993]
narrow market leadership
narrowly defined money supply

narrow money
transaction money
Nash equilibrium
Page 367
national accounting
national accounts
National Association of Securities Dealers Automated Quotations system

[USA]

( )
Nasdaq
National Association of Securities Dealers
NASD
National Commission on Fiscal Responsibility and Reform

[USA]
Fiscal Responsibility and Reform Commission
Fiscal Commission
FC
national consolidation
[MPI]
national estimates
national frontiers
[BOP]
national income
national product
National Summary Data Page
[SDDS]
NSDP
national treatment
[GATT]
national wealth
national worth
Page 368
Nationality of Focus initiatives

NoF initiatives
" "
" "
natural person
individual
natural rate of growth
natural rate of unemployment

nonaccelerating inflation rate of unemployment
NAIRU
normal unemployment rate
full-employment unemployment rate

warranted unemployment rate
natural resource based product
[GATT]
natural unwinding of the inventory cycle
naturally occurring assets
near-program
negative amortization
( )
negative covenant
restrictive covenant
negative externality
external diseconomy
negative pledge clause

[London Club]
covenant of equal coverage
Page 369
negotiable order of withdrawal account
[USA]
NOW account
negotiable security
marketable security
negotiations on nonagricultural market access
[WTO; Doha Round]

NAMA
neoclassical growth theory
neoclassical model
neoclassical theory
net against each other

[BPM5]
net asset value

NAV
net asset value per share
net borrowing
net borrowing country

net borrower
net capital formation
net cash basis
net cash income
Page 370
net creditor country
net creditor position
net credit position

net cumulative allocation
net debit position

net debtor country
net debtor fuel exporter
net debtor position
net domestic assets

NDA
net domestic product

NDP
net earnings
[accounting]
net errors and omissions

net E&O
net exporting country

net exporter
net factor income
Page 371
net foreign assets

NFA
net importing country

net importer
net interest income

[FSIG; MPI]
net international reserves

NIR
net investment
net lending
net lending country

net lender
net material product

NMP
net measurement of flows
net national income
NNI
net national product
NNP
net of tax
net official holdings
Page 372
net operating balance

[GFSM 2001]
net operational income

[IMF]
net position
[MPI]
net present value of debt
[HIPC Initiative]
NPV of debt
net present value of debt-to-export ratio

[HIPC Initiative]
/
/
NPV of debt-to-export ratio

PV/X
net present value of debt-to-fiscal revenue target

[HIPC Initiative]
NPV of debt-to-fiscal revenue target
net present value

NPV
net recording
[BPM5]
net reserves indicator
net SDR charges
[IMF]
net settlement system

NSS
Page 373
net settlement
net taker of funds
net worth of an economy

net worth
net wealth position
net wealth
net worth
capital
net assets
owner equity
owners' equity
stockholder equity
equity
net yield
[securities]
net-back approach
netback pricing
[oil]
netting
netting agreement
[securities settlement]
netting by novation
[individual debt]
network externalities
network effect
Page 374
network industry
Neuro
neutrality of money
money neutrality
monetary neutrality
New Arrangements to Borrow
[IMF]
NAB
new agreements to borrow
new classical macroeconomic model

new classical model
new commercial bank money
New Deal on Global Food Policy
New Deal for a Global Food Policy
New Development Bank

[World Bank]
new income model
New International Economic Order
NIEO
new money bond
NMB
new money facilities
Page 375
new money
[London Club]
new credit
fresh money
New Partnership for Africa's Development
( )
NEPAD
new trade theory
New York commodity exchange
newly industrialized Asian economies
newly industrialized country

NIC
newly industrialized economy

[IMF]
NIE
newly industrializing country

[IMF, OECD]
NIC
News Brief
[IMF document series; NB/...]
NB
ninja loan
NINJA
" "

no income, no job, no asset

No-income no-job no-asset verification loan
nominal anchor
[exchange policy; monetary policy]
Page 376
nominal effective exchange rate index
NEER index
nominal effective exchange rate
NEER
nominal fiscal balance
nominal GDP
money GDP
current-price GDP
GDP at current prices
nominal income
nominal interest rate

stated interest rate
nominal interest
nominal protection
nominal terms
in nominal terms
current terms
nominal value
money value
par value
face value
denomination
nominee account
[money laundering]
nonacceleration clause
Page 377
nonaccrual loan
nonaccruing loan
problem loan
nonaccrual asset
nonaccrual credit
nonaccrual status, country on

nonaccrual country
nonagency securitized mortgage
nonautonomous pension fund
nonbank bank
near bank
nonbank financial institution

NBFI
nonbank financial corporation
nonbank financing
nonbanks
nonborrowed reserves
own reserves
owned reserves
nonborrowing program
[IMF]
noncapital goods
noncash economy
Page 378
noncash issuance (of government securities)
( )

noncommercial transaction
[BPM5]
noncompetitive bid
[securities auctions]
non-compliant
[BIS]
noncomplying disbursement
noncomplying purchase
[IMF]
nonconcessional terms
nonconcessionary flow
nonconcessional flow
nonconditional grant
unconditional grant
non-conforming mortgage
nonconvertible currency
noncooperation
noncore bank
Page 379
non-debt-generating flow
non-debt-creating flow
nondebt flow
nondedicated investor
crossover investor
nondurable good
nonearning asset
non-emerging market developing countries
nonentitlement spending
nonequity financial flow
nonequity security
nonfactor inputs
nonfactor payments
nonfactor services
nonfiler
[taxation]
nonfinancial corporate and quasi-corporate enterprise sector
[GFS 1986]
nonfinancial intangible assets
nonfinancial intangibles
Page 380
nonfinancial public sector

[GFSM 2001; GMBS]
NFPS
nonfranc country
nonfuel exporters
nongold reserves
nongovernmental organization
NGO
nongovernmental sector
non-income poverty
nonindustrial and incidental sales
[GFS 1986]
noninstitutional financial sector

informal financial sector
noninterest expenditure
[budget]
noninterest expenses
non-interest-bearing
noninvestment grade bond

[securities]
nonlabor cost
Page 381
nonlife insurance
[BOP]
non-linear regression
nonmarket activity
nonmarket economy
nonmatching grant
[public finance]
nonmember country
[IMF]
nonmonetary capital
nonmonetary financial institution
nonmonetary gold
[BPM5; BPM6; GMBS]
nonmonetary international organization
Non-Monetary Union Member States
Non-MUMS
nonnegotiable security
nonmarketable security
nonobservance
[IMF]
noncompliance
nonoil deficit
Page 382
non-oil developing country

NODC
non-oil GDP
non-oil Middle Eastern country
non-oil primary producing country
nonparametric model
nonparticipating preferred share
nonperformance
[contracts]
nonperforming loan
[BPM6; FSIG]
NPL
nonperforming asset
[FSIG]
nonperforming credit
nonprofit institution
NPI
nonprofit organization
NPO
nonprofit body
nonprofit institutions serving households
NPISH
nonproprietary
Page 383
nonpublic sector
nonpublic utilities
non-reciprocal
nonrecourse financing
nonrecurrent expenditure
nonrecurrent expense
nonrecurrent outlay
nonrecurrent levies on property
[GFSY]
nonrecurrent revenue
nonrecurrent receipt
nonrecurrent income
nonrecurrent taxes on property
[GFSY]
nonreserve capital
[BPM5]
nonreserve claim
nonreserve currencies
nonresidents
nonsalary earner
Page 384
non-singular matrix
non-standard operations
nonstationarity
[statistics]
nonsystematic risk
idiosyncratic risk
nontariff measure
nontariff
NTM
nontariff barrier
NTB
nontax revenue
[GFSY; GFSM]
nontradable goods
nontradables
nontraded good
non-UMP countries
nonvoting share
[corporations]
nonwage awards
nonwage income
Page 385
nonwage labor costs
norm for remuneration

[IMF]
normal distribution curve

bell curve
bell-shaped curve
Gaussian curve
normal probability curve
normal variable
normality
[statistics]
normalization
normalize
[measurement]
normalized unit labor cost
normative economics
North American Division

[WHD/NB]
North American Free Trade Agreement

NAFTA
North Sea Offshore Authorities Forum
NSOAF
Page 386
Northeastern Division
[EUR/NE]
Northern Division
[EUR/NO]
nostro account
due from foreign bank demand account
our balances with them
due from balances
not applicable
n.a.
not available
n.a.
not elsewhere classified
[GFSM]
n.e.c.
not elsewhere specified

n.e.s.
not for public use

for internal use
[sometimes]
not included elsewhere
n.i.e.
not separately recorded
n.s.r.
Page 387
note issuance facility

NIF
note purchase facility
note purchase agreement

NPA
notice of failure to fulfill obligations
[IMF]
notification system
notional
notional amount of a financial derivative contract

notional amount
notional bond
notional drawing right
[IMF]
notional government bond
notional institutional unit
notional unit
notional principal
notional amount
novation
Page 388
null hypothesis
null, the
numeraire
numerical analysis
[mathematics]
objective function
Objectives and Principles for Regulation of Securities
[IOSCO]
obligor
obligator
obsolescence
Occasional Paper
[IMF]
odd lot
off-balance sheet liability
off-balance-sheet item
below-the-line item
off-balance-sheet account
off-budget transaction
off-budget activity
Page 389
office audit
desk audit
documentary audit
off-site supervision
off-site inspection
Office in Geneva
[IMF]
GEN
Office of Budget and Planning

[IMF-OMD]
OBP
Office of Executive Directors

[IMF]
OED
Office of Executive Secretary, Joint Development Committee
[IMF-OED]
DC
JDC
Office of Internal Audit and Inspection
[IMF-OMD]
OIA
Office of Technical Assistance Management
[IMF-OMD]
OTM
Office of the Deputy Managing Director

[IMF-OMD]
Office of the Director General for Development and International Economic Co-
operation
[UN]
Page 390
Office of the First Deputy Managing Director
[IMF-OMD]
Office of the Managing Director

[IMF]
OMD
...
officer in charge
Offices in Europe
[IMF]
EUO
official borrowers
official capital flows

official flows
official financial flows
official community
official creditor
official debt
official development assistance
[Debt Guide, 1993; OECD]

ODA
official development bank
1993]
official exchange rate
Page 391
official holdings
official multilateral debt renegotiation
official sector involvement

OSI
official sector
[BPM5]
official settlement balance
official traveler
[BPM5]
official value
[customs]
posted value
administrative value
standard value
officially guaranteed trade-related claims
officially supported export credit
1993]
offset agreement
[trade]
offset
offsetability on the market
Page 392
offsetting entry
[BPM5]
balancing entry
contra entry
offset
offsetting tax measures
offsetting transaction
offshore bank
offshore deposit taker
offshore banking center
offshore banking unit

( )
OBU
offshore cost
offshore financial center assessment report
OFC assessment report
offshore financial center

[BPM6; Debt Guide, 1993; BPM6 Annoted Outline; External Debt Statistics:

( )
Guide for Compilers and Users, 1993]

OFC
offshore financial market
offshore processing industry

offshore enterprise
offshore processing
offshore assembly
Page 393
offshore shell branch
offshoring
off-track
oil bill
[CCFF]
Oil Facility
oil element
[IMF; IFS]
oil intensity
oil terminal
[oil and gas industry]
oil-exporting country
oligopoly
oligopsony
Ombudsman
[IMF]
Ombudsperson
omitted transaction
[BPM5]
Page 394
)(
Omnibus (Trade) Law

[USA]
on an annual basis
annualized basis, on an
full-year basis, on a
once-for-all transaction
one-crop economy
single-crop economy
one-stop shop
one-stop window
one-tailed test
[statistics]
one-sided test
single-tailed test
one-year budget rule

annuality
[IMF]
onlending cost
on-lending of borrowed funds

onlending
online access
online course
[IMF-INS]
Page 395
online information network
Online Registration System
[IMF]
onshore bank
on-site processing
on-the-job training
OJT
on-track
opacity
open capital account

[IMF]
open economy
open foreign exchange position
open inflation
open interest parity

)
(

uncovered interest parity

UIP
open interest
[futures]
Page 396
open lending policy
open market
open market operation
open market price
open outcry
callover
open position
Open Society Institute

OSI
open unemployment
open-end grant
[public finance]
open-end mutual fund

mutual fund
unit trust
[GBR]
open-end investment company

open-end investment trust
open-end investment fund
opening asset
opening liability
opening remarks
Page 397
openness
operating account
operating balance
operating profit or loss

operating position
operating budget
operating costs
[MPI]
operational costs
[MPI]
operating deficit
operating loss
operating income
[FSIG]
operational income
operating lease
operating leasing
operational lease
operational leasing
operating liability
operating surplus
operating target
Page 398
operation and maintenance

O&M
operation
[finance]
operational budget
[IMF]
operational charge
operational expenses
[IMF]
operational fiscal balance

operational balance
Operational Guidelines for the Data Template on International Reserves and

Foreign Currency Liquidity
[IMF-STA]
operational risk
operational staff
[IMF]
operations account
[franc zone]
Operations and Maintenance Section
[TGS/DF/OM]
Operations Division
[SEC/OP]
Page 399
operations research
O.R.
OR
opportunity cost
[SNA93]
opt back in
[SDR]
opt out
[SDR]
optimal currency area

[EMS]
OCA
optimum currency area
[EMS]
optimization of Fund reserve management
optimum search strategy
option contract
option
option exchange
option price
option premium
option writer
writer of the option
optional tranche
[IMF]
Page 400
options approach
order book
order instrument
order paper
order of magnitude
order statistics
order-driven market
auction market
order-driven system
orderly liberalization of capital movements
orderly marketing arrangement

OMA
orderly marketing agreement
orderly underlying conditions
[AA]
ordinary least squares
[statistics]
OLS
ordinary resources
[IMF]
Page 401
Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development
OECD
Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development
[IMF]
Organization of African Unity

OAU
Organization of American States

OAS
Organization of Arab Petroleum Exporting Countries
( )
OAPEC
Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries
( )
OPEC
organizational chart
organization chart
organized financial derivatives exchange

organized exchange
""
original HIPC Initiative
original issue discount bond
OID
original maturity

initial maturity
original member
[IMF]
Page 402
originate and hold model
O&H
originate to distribute model

[USA]
originate and distribute model

originate and distribute strategy
originating lender
originator
orthogonal regression
other (monetary policy framework)
[ ]
other conventional fixed peg arrangements
other depository corporations

ODC
other holder of SDRs
[IMF]
outbreak
outcomes-based conditionality
outflow of capital
capital outflow
outgoing chairman
outgoing official
Page 403
outgoings
outlay(s)
outlay overrun
[budget]
out-of-lineness
[IMF]
out-of-the-money option
[options]
output
output capacity
output comovement
output gap
production gap
output synchronization
outreach program
[IMF]
outreach seminar
outreach session
outright approval
outright gift
Page 404
Outright Monetary Transactions

OMT
outright purchase
[IMF]
outside money
outsourcing
vendorization
contracting out
outstanding bonds
outstanding securities
[BPM5]
outstanding borrowing
outstanding claim
outstanding debt
outstanding debt by type of debt holder
outstanding debt by type of debt instrument
outstanding drawings (on the Fund)
outstanding Fund credit

outstanding use of Fund credit

( )

outstanding interest
outstanding liabilities
outstanding stock of liabilities
Page 405
outstanding loans
outstanding obligation
outstanding public debt

outstanding government debt
outstanding purchases
[IMF]
outward direct investment
outward
outward investment
outward-looking policy
outward-oriented economy
outward-looking economy
outward-oriented growth strategy
outyear
[multiyear budgeting]
overall deficit
overall demand
overall fiscal balance

[GFSM 2001]
overall balance
[GFSM; IFS]
overall primary balance

[GFSM 2001]
Page 406
overall surplus
overall trade restrictiveness index
OTRI
overdraft
overdraft against collateral of securities
overdraft checking account
overdraft credit
overdraft facility
overdrawn check
overdue
overdue country
[IMF]
overdue financial obligation to the Fund

[IMF]
overdue financial obligation
overdue payment to the Fund
[IMF]
overdue repurchase
overexposed bank
Page 407
overexposure
overhang effect
[debt]
stock effect
overhead expenses
overhead
overhead costs
overheating
[economics]
overindebtedness
overinvoicing
[BPM5]
overnight credit
overnight loan
overnight money
overnight funds
overnight interest rate swap

overnight index swap
OIS
overrepresented countries
oversaving
Overseas Training Unit
[INS/AV/TR/OV]
Page 408
oversee the international monetary system

][AA
overshooting
oversight
Oversight Committee
][IMF
overstaffing
overmanning
overemployment
oversupply
excess supply
Page 409
overt devaluation
overt subsidy
oversubscription
over-the-counter dealing
over-the-counter financial derivative

OTC financial derivative
over-the-counter market
OTC
over-the-counter option
OTC option
over-the-counter stock
overvaluation
overvalued currency
own resources
own saving
[GFS 1986]
own-account fixed capital formation
owners' equivalent rent

OER
Pacific Division
[WHD/PA]
Pacific Economic Cooperation Council
PECC
Pacific Financial Community
CFP
Pacific Financial Technical Assistance Centre
PFTAC
Pacific island countries
PICs
Page 410
Pacific Rim (countries)
((
package
paid-up capital
paid-in capital
paid-up shares
paid-up stock
full-paid stock
paired accounts
paired values
pairwise correlation
[statistics]
pandemic
panel expert
[IMF-FAD, MAE]
panel regression
panel data regression
panel
expert panel
panic
paper currency
paper money
[BPM5]
Page 411
paper loss
unrealized loss
book loss
paper
[finance]
par bond exchange

par bond
par exchange
par value of currency

central parity
central parity rate
par value system
paradox of thrift
parallel contingency financing
parallel economy
parallel exchange rate
parallel financing facility
[Japan]
parallel financing
side financing
Page 412
parallel market
[SNA93]
parastatal
parent bank
parent company
parent corporation
parent enterprise
pari passu clause

[London Club]
Paris Agreement
Louvre Agreement
Paris Club Secretariat
Paris Club
[SNA93; Debt Guide 1993]
Paris Declaration on Aid Effectiveness
Paris Office
[IMF-EUR]
EUO/PA
parity
parity grid
grid of parities
grid
Page 413
parsimonious conditionality
parsimony
principle of parsimony
partial correlation
partial crowding out
partial dollarization
de facto dollarization
partial equilibrium theory
partial interest forgiveness
partial topping-up

""
""
participant
[IMF, SDR Department]
participation instrument
participatory PRSP
[PRGF]
full participatory PRSP
partition function
partnership
Partnership for Capacity Building in Africa
[IBRD]
PACT
Page 414
Partnership for Sustainable Global Growth, Declaration on
[Interim Committee]
Partnership in Statistics for Development in the 21st Century

PARIS21
PARIS21 initiative
pass on
[lending]
passbook savings account

passbook account
passenger services
[BPM5]
passive management
pass-through basis, borrowing on a
pass-through certificate
pass-through security
pass-through of international prices
pass-through taxation
pass-through
shifting of tax
past due interest
PDI
past due loan
Page 415
PATS Unit
[INS/AV/IF/PA]
Participant Applicant Tracking System Unit
pattern of trade
trade pattern
pay parity
payable-through account
[money laundering]
pay-as-you-earn withholding
PAYE
pay-as-you-go financing
[retirement; insurance]
PAYG
pay-as-you-earn financing
pay-as-you-go system
PAYG
unfunded system
unfunded pension plan
[Balance of Payments Manual - 5th edition]
unfunded retirement scheme
pay-as-you-go
[budget]
PAYGO
pay-back period
paying agency
paying agent
paying bank
Page 416
payment
payment arrears
[IMF]
arrears
payment in kind
payment leads and lags
payment order
payments restriction
payments system
payments-based accounting
payroll tax
payroll tax relief
Payroll Unit
[FIN/AX/PP/PA]
payroll
[GFSM]
pay-through bond
peak
peer pressure
Page 417
peer review
[Publications]
group review
PEFA
Public Expenditure and Financial Accountability program

[IBRD]
peg a currency to
peg
[exchange rates]
pegged exchange arrangement

pegged exchange rate regime
pegged regime
currency peg
pegging
pegged exchange rate
pegged exchange rates within horizontal bands
penalty charge
[arrears]
penalty clause
penalty interest rate

penalty interest
penalty rate
penalty rate
[fig.]
punitive rate
Page 418
pending claim
outstanding claim
pending litigation
Pension and Tax Unit
[FIN/AX/PP/PT]
pension benefits
Pension Committee
[IMF]
PC
pension parity adjustment system
pension plan
pension scheme
pension portability
portability
pension transferability
transferability
pensionable salary
pensionable wage
[ ]

pent-up demand
People's Bank of China
People's Bank
PBC
PBOC
per capita growth
Page 419
per capita
per head
per night allowance

[IMF-HRD]
per diem
perceived risk
[FSIG]
percentage change
percentage point
percentile
[statistics]
perfect capital mobility
perfect competition
perfect foresight model
perfect substitute
perfection
performance appraisal
performance evaluation
performance assessment
performance bond
Page 420
performance budgeting system

performance-based budgeting
performance budgeting
performance budget
output budget
performance criterion
[IMF]
PC
performance of financial obligations
performance
[BPM5; GFSM]
performance-related contract
performance contract
management contract
development contract
performing loan
performing debt
period of consent
[IMF quota increase]
period of consolidation
periodic charges
[IMF]
periodic consultation
[IMF]
periodicity
[IMF-EBB]
Page 421
euro area periphery
permanent GDP
periphery countries
perpetual bond
nonredeemable bond
nonmaturing bond
annuity bond
consol
[GBR]
perpetual floating rate note
perpetual inventory method
PIM
perpetual inventory system
Personal Assistant to the Managing Director
[IMF-OMD]
personal consumption expenditure

PCE
private consumption expenditure
personal effects
[BPM5]
personal property
personal exemption
[taxation]
personal allowance
personal income tax
Page 422
personal income
[macroeconomics]
personal property
[taxation]
personal savings
personal travel
[BOP]
Personnel Committee
[IMF]
Personnel Manager, Senior
[IMF]
SPM
Personnel Payments Section
[FIN/AX/PP]
perverse effect
peso problem
petrodollar
phase out
phased debt operations
phasing clause
Page 423
phasing of purchases
[IMF]
phasing
Phillips curve
physical asset
real asset
tangible asset
physical capital
physical infrastructure
physical product
pie chart
PIGS countries
""
GIPS
pilot project
pioneer industry
pipeline, in the
place holder
[budget]
placement
[securities]
Page 424
plain vanilla asset-backed security

vanilla ABS
vanilla asset-backed security
planning-programming-budgeting system
PPBS
program-based budgeting system
program budget
program budgeting
plant and equipment
Plaza accord
Plaza agreement
( )
pledge
[BPM5]
pledged account
pledged asset
pledge
pledged gold
pledging conference
point estimate
point of valuation
point-in-time rating
PIT
policies and practices of the IMF
Page 425
policies and procedures of the Fund
Policy and General Issues
[IMF-LEG]
policy Board paper
policy buffer
Policy Communication Division

[EXR/PO]
policy coordination
policy framework paper

[IMF-IBRD]
PFP
policy instrument
policy interest rate

policy rate
policy-related rate
policy issue
policy matrix
[PRSP]
policy mix
Policy Monitoring Arrangement
PMA
Page 426
policy of restraint
policy on enlarged access to the Fund's resources

[IMF]
enlarged access policy

[IMF]
EAP
policy package
policy paper
Policy Review Division
[SPR/PR]
PRD
policy shock
policy statement
Policy Support Instrument
[IMF]
PSI
policy variable
policy-based lending
[IBRD]
policy loans
policymaker
policymaking
Page 427
political economy
political price
politically exposed person

PEP
polity index
polluter country
[environment]
pollution tax
polynomial function
Ponzi game
Ponzi scheme
pooled time series of cross sections
[statistics]
pooling arrangement
pooling of interests method
[accounting]
population characteristics
[statistics]
population growth
Page 428
population parameters
[statistics]
population pressure
demographic pressure
population pyramid
age pyramid
population
universe
port services
[BPM5]
portfolio assets
portfolio balance approach

portfolio balance channel
portfolio capital
portfolio channel
portfolio choice
portfolio choice theory
portfolio composition
portfolio debt flow
portfolio equity flow
Page 429
portfolio flow
portfolio insurance
portfolio investment
Portfolio Investment Survey
portfolio management
portfolio shift
portfolio reshuffling
portfolio switching
Portugal, Ireland, Italy, Greece and Spain

GIIPS
""
PIIGS
Portuguese Section
[TGS/LC/LP]
position
position in the Fund

net Fund position
] [
] [
Fund position
position netting
position trader
Page 430
position trading
[futures]
swing trading
positive economics
positive externality
external economy
positive feedback loop
post adjustment
[UN]
Post SCA-2 Administered Account
Post-2015 Development Framework
2015
Post-2015 UN Development Agenda
2015
Post-2015 Agenda
post-activation review
[CCL]
Post-Catastrophe Debt Relief Trust
Post-conflict and Natural Disaster Emergency Assistance Subsidy Account
Post-Conflict Emergency Assistance Subsidy Account for PRGF-eligible

members
post-conflict country
Page 431
Post-Conflict Reconstruction Fund
[IBRD]
PCRF
posted price
posterior distribution
posterior probability
post-ineligibility review
[IMF, overdue financial obligations]
postpayment
[BPM5]
post-program monitoring
[IMF]
PPM
post-shortfall year
[IMF, compensatory financing]
potential for drawing

[IMF]
potential growth
potential output
[macroeconomics]
Poverty and Social Impact Analysis Section
[FAD/EP/PA]
Page 432
Poverty and Social Impact Analysis

poverty and social impact assessment
PSIA
poverty assessment
poverty line
poverty income threshold
poverty reducing expenditure

PRE
pro-poor spending
Poverty Reduction and Growth Facility
[IMF]
PRGF
Poverty Reduction and Growth Trust
PRGT
Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper

[IMF-IBRD]
PRSP
National Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper
[GNB]
NPRSP
Poverty Reduction Strategy

PRS
poverty trap
low-wage trap
power of variation
[IMF]
PPP-GDP
Page 433
PPP-GDP booster
Precautionary and Liquidity Line

PLL
precautionary arrangement
[IMF]
precautionary program
precautionary balances
[IMF]
Precautionary Credit Line

PCL
precautionary demand
precautionary demand for money
precautionary instrument
precautionary motive
precautionary saving
precious metal future
[futures]
pre-cutoff-date-debt
[Paris Club]
predatory pricing
Page 434
predetermined drain (on foreign currency assets)

predetermined net drain (on foreign currency assets)
predetermined drain
( )
)
(

predicate offense
[money laundering]
underlying offense
predicate crime
underlying crime
( )
predictive power
pre-emerging market country
preemptive debt restructuring
pre-default debt restructuring
preference bond
preference margin
preferential tariff arrangement
Preferential Trade Area for Eastern and Southern African States
PTA
preferred creditor
preferred share
preferred stock
preference share
[GBR]
preferred share/equity
Page 435
pre-investment study
preliminary HIPC Initiative document
" "

preliminary prospectus
red herring
premium received
premiums less claims

[BPM5]
prepaid expenses
unexpired expenses
prepayment
prepayment clause
[lending]
prepayment of debt
1993]
debt prepayment
prescribed operation
[SDR]
prescribed SDR holder
[IMF]
prescribed holder of SDRs
prescribed standard
[IMF-EBB]
Page 436
prescription of currency requirements

[IMF, AREAER]
prescription of currency
present discounted value

[GFSM]
PDV
present value
time value of money
pre-shortfall year
[IMF, compensatory financing]
Press Information Notice

[IMF-EXR]
PIN
Press Release
[IMF document series; PR/...]
PR
Press Report
[IMF document series; PREP/...]
PREP
Press Summary
[IMF]
presumptive assessment
[taxation]
prevailing market rate

going rate
prevention
preventive action
preventive measure
Page 437
previously rescheduled debt

][Debt Guide, 1993; Paris Club
PRD
" " ""
PRGF and HIPC Financing Division

][FIN/PH
" "
PRGF arrangement
][IMF
" "
PRGF Operations Division

][SPR/GF
POD
" "
PRGF subaccount
][IMF
"
"

"
"
"
"

"
"
" "
PRGF Trust Loan Account

Loan Account
PRGF Trust loan

][IMF
PRGF Trust Reserve Account

][IMF
Reserve Account
PRGF Trust Subsidy Account

Subsidy Account
PRGF Trust
][IMF
" " "

"
Page 438
PRGF/EFF blending
"
" " "
" "
""
"
" ""
"
" ""
" "
""
PRGF-ESF Trust
PRGF-HIPC subaccount
][IMF
PRGF-HIPC Trust Account

][IMF
PRGF-HIPC Trust Instrument
PRGF-HIPC Trust
][IMF
price boom
price component
price control
price cutting
price discovery
][FSIG
price discrimination
discriminatory pricing
) (..
)(..
) (..

Page 439
price elasticity
price elasticity of demand
price expectation
price fixing agreement
price follower
price formation
price freeze
price incentive
price index
price indexation
price inflation
price leader
price leadership
price maker
price setter
price premium
price range
price rationing
Page 440
price relative
[statistics]
price rigidity
price sensitivity
price shock
price taker
price-earnings ratio
price-to-earnings ratio
PER
PE ratio
P/E
price-sensitive information
price-sensitive data
pricing policy
price policy
pricing
price setting
price determination
primary budget
Primary Commodities Price Index
PCPI
Page 441
primary dealer
primary deficit
[budget]
primary energy
primary exporting country
primary factor
primary fiscal balance

primary balance
primary goods
primary market
primary money
primary producing country
primary product
primary commodity
commodity
primary reserve assets

primary reserves
[banking; USA]
primary surplus
[budget]
Page 442
prime borrower
prime broker
prime corporate paper
prime rate
base lending rate
BLR
principal
Principal Global Indicators
PGI
principal income earner
principal reserve asset
principal risk
principal-agent problem
Principles for Stable Capital Flows and Fair Debt Restructuring in Emerging
Markets
[IMF]
Principles for the Guidance of Members' Exchange Rate Policies

PGMs
Principles for the Guidance of Members
Page 443
prior action
[IMF arrangements]
PA
prior challenge, not subject to
( )
[IMF]
prior distribution
[statistics]
prior probability
[statistics]
ex-ante probability
prioritization of debt
ranking of claims
prisoner's dilemma
private equity
private equity firm
private equity fund
private equity partnership
private money supply
private nonprofit institution

private nonprofit entity
private paper
Page 444
private placement
[securities]
private offering
private rate of return

PRR
private sector involvement

[financial crises]
PSI
private-label security
privatization
privatization voucher
probability distribution
probability level
[statistics]
probability
probability sampling
problem bank
[bank supervision]
procedural guidelines
[IMF Executive Board]
procedures for conversion
conversion procedures
Page 445
( )
proceeds (from a sale)
process review
procurement
procurement price
procyclical
procyclical bias
procyclical fiscal policy
pro-cyclical regulatory response
producer price index

PPI
producer surplus
producer's price
producer price
producer's value
product
product wage
Page 446
production account
[BPM5; GFS 1986; SNA93]
production boundary
production factor
factor of production
factor
input
production function
production incentive
production possibility frontier

PPF
production frontier
production possibility boundary
production possibility curve

transformation curve
production sharing contract

PSC
production-income lag
productive base
productive efficiency
productivity gain
professional staff
[IMF]
Page 447
profit
profit maximization
profit ratio
profit margin
margin
profit recipient
profit sharing
profit squeeze
profit taking
profit tax
profit test
profitability
earning power
profit-price spiral
profits of export or import monopolies
[GFSM; GFSY]
profits of fiscal monopolies
program adjuster
[IMF]
Page 448
program country
[IMF]
program loan
program monitoring
[IMF]
program review
[IMF]
program trading
[securities]
progress payment
progress report
status report
progressive tax
progressivity
[taxation]
prohibition of short-sale
prohibition of short sale
project bonds
projected unit credit method
[pension plans]
project-specific grant
[public finance]
project grant
Page 449
prolonged engagement
prolonged user of IMF resources
) (
[IMF]
promissory note loan
promissory note
note
promotional cost
propensity to consume
propensity to save
property and assets of the Fund
[IMF]
property income
property right
property tax
tax on property
property unit trust
proposed amendment
[IMF]
proposed resolution
[IMF]
Page 450
Proposed Seventh Amendment on the Reform of the Executive Board
Board Reform Amendment

Seventh Amendment
proprietary information
strategic trading
prospect theory
proprietary trading
prospectus
[securities issues]
protective tariff
protracted arrears (to the Fund)
( )
[IMF]
protracted balance of payments problems
proven reserves
[oil]
provident fund
[GMBS]
provision for uncollectible accounts

allowance for bad debt
provision for bad debts
provision
[GBR]
accruals
[USA]
Page 451
provisional administration
[bank supervision; insolvency]
conservatorship
provisional administrator
conservator
provisional credit
[GA]
provisional liquidation
provisional transfer
provisioning
[BPM5; Debt Guide, 1993; FSIG]
establishment of provisions
proximate determinant
proxy indicator
[HIPC]
PRSP approach
PRSP process
[PRGF]
PRSP Preparation Status Report
[IMF-IBRD]
PRSP Progress Report

Annual PRSP Progress Report
[IMF, World Bank-IDA]
APR
Page 452
prudence concept
[accounting]
conservatism concept
prudential
prudential liquidity buffers
prudential ratios
[bank supervision]
prudential regulation
prudential rules
prudential standards
prudential supervision
[banking]
Public Affairs Division
[COM/PU]
Public Affairs Officer
[IMF-EXR]
Public Affairs Officer, Senior
[IMF-EXR]
public auction
Page 453
public authorities
public capital formation
Public Company Accounting Oversight Board
PCAOB
public consumption
public debt sustainability
public debt
[Debt Guide, 1993; SNA93]
public enterprise
public corporation
state enterprise
state-owned enterprise
SOE
state-owned corporation
government enterprise
government corporation
public expenditure management

PEM
public financial institution

[GFS 1986]
PFI
Public Financial Management Division, I, II
()( )
[FAD/M1, M2]
M1, M2
Public Financial Management Reform Trust Fund

[Palestinian Authority; World Bank]
Reform Trust Fund
Page 454
public financial management

PFM
Public Information Notice

[IMF-EXR]
PIN
public interest
public interest theory of regulation
public nonmonetary enterprise

[GFS 1986]
public offering
[securities]
public placement
public or publicly guaranteed debt
government or government-guaranteed debt
public order and safety

[GFS; GFSM; GFSY]
public sale
public sector borrowing requirement(s)
PSBR
public sector investment program
PSIP
public investment program
PIP
public service
government service
Page 455
public utility
public service corporation
utility
Publication Services Section

[EXR/EP/PS]
publicly funded
publicly issued
publicly listed company
( )
publiclly listed firm

publicly traded company
publicly traded share
public-private partnership
PPP
( )

PPIP
punitive measure
purchase
[IMF]
purchaser's price
purchasers' value
Purchasing Managers' Index
PMI
Page 456
purchasing power parity exchange rate
PPP exchange rate
purchasing power parity

PPP
pure competition
pure economic rent
pure signaling instrument
purely random process
purposive sample
put bond
putable bond
put option clause

put option
put
put option
put
Qard-hasan deposit
[Islamic banking]
quadratic mean
qualified
Page 457
qualified audit opinion

[audit]
qualified opinion
qualified countries
qualified majority voting
QMV
qualifying member
qualifying shareholding
quality assurance testing
quality dimension
[DQAF]
quantification
[SNA93]
Quantitative and Qualitative Monetary Easing
[Bank of Japan]
quantitative credit control
quantitative easing
QE
quantitative indicator
quantitative performance criterion
quantitative PC
quantitative restriction on import
Page 458
quantitative restriction
[IBRD loans]
QR
quantitative trade restriction
quantity discount
quantity rationing
quantity relative
[statistics]
quantity sensitivity
quantity theory of money
quantum index
Quarterly External Debt Statistics database

QEDS
Quarterly External Debt Database

[IMF]
Quarterly National Accounts Manual--Concepts, Data Sources, and Compilation

[IMF]
Quarterly National Accounts Manual

QNA Manual
quarter-on-quarter growth rate
quartile
[statistics]
Page 459
quasi-autonomous variable
quasibanking institution
quasi-corporate enterprise
quasi-corporation
quasi-fiscal
quasi-fiscal operations
quasi-fiscal activities
quasi-money instrument
near cash instrument
quasi-money
near-money
quasi-official borrowing
quasi-random sampling
queuing theory
queueing theory
quick asset
quick disbursing short term liquidity facility
quick-yielding project
quiet facility
quota
Page 460
quota and governance reform
quota and voice
quota formula
Quota Formula Review Group
[IMF]
QFRG
quota limit
[IMF; ESAF]
quota ratio
[GAB]
quota review
[IMF]
review of quotas
quota share
[IMF]
actual quota share

share in actual quotas
share in total quotas
quota shift
quota variables
quota-based institution
quotation
Page 461
quoted price
[BPM5]
quote-driven system
price-driven system
rampant inflation
runaway inflation
galloping inflation
[SNA93]
random disturbance
random error
random number
random process
random sampling
random variable
random walk
randomness
range
rank
ranked data
Page 462
ranking
Rapid Access Line

RAL
Rapid Credit Facility

RCF
" "

ratchet effect
rate of charge
[IMF; SDR use]
rate of crawl
rate of return
rate of time preference
rate setting policy

pricing policy
rate tiering
tiering
rated capacity
[power plants, machinery]
rates
[GBR]
rating shopping
credit rating shopping
Page 463
rating
[securities]
rational expectations
[SNA93]
raw data
crude data
raw material producing country
reach for yield
reaction function
real adjustment
real balances effect

Pigou effect
real deposit interest rate
real disposable income
real economy
real sector
real effective exchange rate index
REER index
Page 464
real effective exchange rate

REER
multilateral exchange rate
multilateral real exchange rate
trade-weighted real exchange rate

trade- weighted effective exchange rate
Real Estate Section

[TGS/DF/RE]
real estate tax
real flow
real gross fixed investment
real income
real interest rate
real money balances
real property transfer tax
real estate transfer tax
real purchasing power

[CPI]
Real Sector Division

[STA/RE]
real terms of trade
real terms
in real terms
constant terms
Page 465
real time
real wage
realignment of quota shares
realignment
[EMS]
realized gain
realized profit
realized income
realized price
price realized
reallocation of labor
real-time gross settlement system

RTGS
real time gross settlement system
[FSIG]
rebalancing of portfolio
[IMF, P45]
portfolio rebalancing
recapitalization
[banks]
recapture clause
receiver
Page 466
receivership
receiving industry
Recent Economic Developments

[IMF background paper]
RED
recession
[SNA93]
recipient
[SNA93]
reciprocal currency arrangement

cross-currency swap
foreign currency swap
swap arrangement
currency swap arrangement
swap
currency swap agreement
reciprocal exchange guarantee
reciprocal
[mathematics]
reclassification
[BOP]
recognition
[accounting]
reconciliation account
Page 467
reconciliation table
reconciliation
reconcilement
conciliation
reconstitution of SDR holdings
record-keeping system
recording system
[BPM5]
Records Management Unit

[SEC/RC/AR/RM]
recovery
[loans]
recreational, cultural, and religious affairs and services
[GFS; GFSY]
Recruitment and Staffing Division
[HRD/RS]
RSD
recurrent budget
recurrent expenditure
recurrent expense
recurrent outlay
recurrent revenue
recurrent receipts
recurrent income
Page 468
recurrent tax
recurrent taxes on immovable property

[GFSM; GFSY]
recurrent taxes on net wealth
[GFS; GFSM; GFSY]
recursive model
recycling petrodollars
[finance]
red interest
recycling
redemption (of a pledge)
redemption
retirement
redemption, right of
rediscount ceiling
[central banking]
rediscount quota
rediscount facility
[central banking]
rediscount rate
Page 469
redistributional effect
redistributional transfer payments
reduced interest par bond exchange
reduced model
reduced-form equation
reduction of data
reference currency
reference rate
[MPI]
reference zone (of rates)
Reference, Terminology, and Documentation Section
RTD
refinancing risk
refinancing
[Debt Guide, 1993; SNA93]
reflation
reflow
[SNA93]
Page 470
reflows of flight capital

return of flight capital
repatriation of flight capital
reflows, use of Trust Fund

[IMF]
refund of charges
[IMF]
refunding
[repayment]
region of acceptance
[statistics]
region of rejection
[statistics]
Regional Advisory Group
regional allocation
regional balance of payments statement
[BPM5]
regional central bank

[BPM5; BPM6]
Regional Division 2
regional economic communities
RECs
Page 471
Regional Economic Outlook

[IMF]
REO
regional financial arrangements
regional financing arrangements
Regional Office for Asia and the Pacific
[IMF]
OAP
Regional Office for Central Europe and the Baltics
[IMF]
regional outreach
Regional Strategy Notes
[IMF]
RSN
Regional Studies Division
regional surveillance
regional technical assistance center
[IMF]
RTAC
regionalism
registered check
( )
register check
registered instrument
registered security
Page 472
regressand
[statistics]
regression analysis
regression coefficient
regression equation
regression model
[statistics]
regression of Y on X
regressive tax
regressivity
[taxation]
regressor
[statistics]
regular appointment
Y X

[IMF]
regular election
[IMF, Executive Directors]
regular meeting
Regulation and Supervision Division
[MCM/FR]
regulatory agency
Page 473
regulatory arbitrage
regulatory capital requirements
regulatory capture
/
/

regulatory forbearance
regulatory framework
regulatory power
rehabilitation
rehabilitation program
[enterprises]
reintermediation
reinvested earnings
[BPM5; BPM6]
related entity
[MPI]
relations with nonmembers
relationship-based economy
relative share
Page 474
release calendar
[IMF-EBB]
release, to
relending
reliability
[IMF, metadata]
relinquish
[BPM5]
resign
remedial measure
corrective action
corrective measure
remedial action
remit
remittance of funds
remittance recipient
remitted earnings
[BPM5]
remunerated reserve tranche position
[IMF]
Page 475
remuneration coefficient
[IMF]
remuneration
[IMF]
remuneration, rate of
[IMF]
renewable
replenishable
reproducible
renewal theory
rental income
rent-seeking
repatriation of investment income
repayable margin
repayable transaction
[GFS 1986]
repayment capacity
repayment period
[Paris Club; Debt Guide, 1993]
repayment schedule
Page 476
repayment
[GFSM; SNA93]
replacement cost risk

replacement rate
[pensions]
replenish the Fund's holdings of currencies
[IMF-AA]
replenishment of Fund resources

[IMF]
replenishment of reserves
repo rate
repurchase rate
report of the Executive Board

[IMF]
Report on Implementation of Standards and Codes
RISC
Report on the Observance of Standards and Codes
[IMF]
ROSC
reporting agency
[IMF-STA]
reporting country
reporting economy
Page 477
reporting period
[BPM5]
reporting to the IMF
reporting unit
representation of balance of payments financing need

[IMF]
representation of need
declaration of BOP-related need
declaration of need
representative rate
[IMF; exchange]
representative set of currencies

[IMF]
Representative to the WTO
[IMF-EUO]
repricing
repricing of risk
repricing of risks
repricing period
repurchase agreement
repo
RP
repurchase operation
repurchase transaction
Page 478
repurchase expectation
[IMF]
repurchase in installments
[IMF]
repurchase market
repo market
repurchase of accelerated set-aside amounts
[IMF debt reduction scheme]

accelerated set-aside amounts repurchase
repurchase
[IMF]
request for proposal

[procurement]
RFP
required reserve ratio

minimum reserve ratio
reserve requirement
reserve ratio
legal reserve ratio
requirement of need
[IMF; SDR]
requited current transfer
requited payment
[GFS 1986]
rescheduling country
rescheduler
Page 479
research and development

R&D
Research Department
[IMF]
RES
reservable deposit
reservation price
reservation wage
reserve accretion
reservation price (of labor)
reserve asset
Reserve Assets Technical Expert Group
RESTEG
Reserve Augmentation Line
[IMF]
RAL
reserve center
reserve creation
[BPM5]
reserve currency
reserve depletion
Page 480
reserve deposit
reserve ease
reserve cushion
reserve inadequacy
reserve deficiency
inadequacy of reserves
reserve pooling arrangement
reserve position
[country]
reserve requirement
[SNA93]
minimum reserve requirement
required reserves
reserve stringency
reserve target
[IMF]
reserve tranche position

[IMF]
reserve tranche purchase
[IMF]
reserve
[SNA93]
reserve-related official borrowing
reserve-related transaction
Page 481
residence
residence of enterprises
residence of individuals
[BPM5]
resident individual
[BOP]
resident official sector

[BPM5]
Resident Representative
[IMF]
Res. Rep.
Resident Representative, Senior

[IMF]
resident unit
[BOP]
resident
[GFSM]
residential construction
residential demand
residential investment
residential land
[urbanism]
Page 482
resident-to-resident transaction
[BOP]
residual
residual item
[BPM5]
residual maturity
remaining maturity
[Debt Guide, 1993; FSIG]
residual method
residual, as a
resilience
[FSIG]

""
resolution and recovery plan

RRP
living will
Resolution Trust Corporation
[USA]
RTC
resource allocation
allocation of resources
Resource and Information Management Section
[FAD/AI/RI]
RIMS
Page 483
resource curse
paradox of plenty
natural-resource curse
resource gap
resource horizon
Resource Management Division
[MCM/RM]
RM
resource-intensive countries
[IMF]
resource-rich countries
resources and expenditures
[SNA]
resources endowments
respondent bank
respondent

( )
[IMF-STA; surveys]
responsive
responsiveness
[e.g., output]
Page 484
rest of the world account

[BPM5; BPM5; SNA]
ROW Account
rest of the world sector
[BPM5, SNA 1993, GFSM 2001]
restocking
restricted deposit
[GMBS]
restricted distribution
restricted circulation
restricted session
restrictive business practices
restrictive monetary policy
resulting trust
results-based aid
[IBRD]
resumption of exchange transactions
retail bank
retail competition
customer choice
Page 485
retail interest rate
retail margin
retail price index

RPI
retained earnings
[BPM6; FSIG]
undistributed earnings
[BPM5]
undistributed profits
retained gains
retaliatory measure
retention quota
retirement of outstanding debt
Retirement Reserve Account
[IMF]
( )
( )
retrenchment
retrenchment from risk
retroactive country

( ) ""
[HIPC, PRGF]
retroactive country cases
retrocession
[insurance]
Page 486
return of investment
[capital flows]
return on equity
ROE
return on investment
ROI
return on capital employed
return on capital invested
returned exports and imports
[BPM5]
returns to scale
revaluation
revaluation changes
Revenue Administration Division I, II

() ( )
[FAD/R1, R2]
RAD1
RAD2
revenue and grants
[GFS 1986]
revenue collection
revenue effort
revenue sharing grant
[public finance]
Page 487
revenue sharing
tax revenue sharing
tax sharing arrangement
revenue shortfall
revenue stamp
tax stamp
reversal of a loan
[IMF]
reversal of direction
reverse causation
reverse equity investment

reverse investment in equity
reverse direct investment
reverse investment
reverse mortgage
reverse annuity mortgage
RAM
reverse repurchase operation

reverse operation
reverse transaction
[BPM6]
matched sale-purchase agreement
[USA]
MSP
reverse repo
[BPM6]
reverse stand-by arrangement
Page 488
Review Committee
[IMF]
RC
review mission (Fund)
( )
Review of Fund Statistics
[IMF]
review
[IMF]
reviews-based approach
revised downward
revised upward
Revision of the Balance of Payments Manual, Fifth Edition (Annotated Outline)

Annotated Outline
)
(
revocation
revolving character of resources
[IMF]
revolving credit facility

revolving credit
revolving underwriting facility

RUF
[BPM5; Debt Guide, 1993; Balance of Payments Manual - 5th edition;
External Debt Statistics: Guide for Compilers and Users, 1993]
Page 489
Ricardian equivalence
Barro-Ricardo equivalence proposition
right to terminate participation

[IMF]
right to withdraw
[IMF]
rights accumulation program

[Debt Guide, 1993]
RAP
rights approach
[IMF]
rights approach
[IMF]
rightsizing
rightward tilt
)(
)(
rigid price
inflexible price
sticky price
ring system
[indirect taxation]
ringfence
ring fence
ring-fence
ringfencing
ring-fenced country
Page 490
risk acceptance
risk appetite index
RAI
risk appetite
appetite for risk
risk asset

" "
risk asset ratio

Cooke ratio
risk aversion
risk avoider
risk bucket
[bank supervision; Basle Accord]
capital bucket
risk bucketing
[bank supervision; Basle Accord]
capital bucketing
risk capacity
risk-taking capacity
risk-bearing capacity
risk capital margin

RCM
risk margin
capital margin
risk category (of financial derivatives)
( )
Page 491
risk exposure
exposure
risk management
risk management process
risk map
risk mutualization
risk on and risk off episodes
risk perception
risk pooling
risk premium on interest rates

risk premium
risk retention
risk sharing
risk taker
risk tolerance
risk transfer
risk underwriting
Page 492
risk-adjusted return on capital
[FSIG]
RAROC
risk-free interest rate
risk-off
risk-off period
risk-on
risk-on period
risk-on, risk-off
RORO
risk on, risk off
risk-weighted asset
RWA
risk-adjusted asset
risk-weighted capital ratio
risk-based capital ratio
risk-weighted capital
risk-based capital
River Plate Division

[WHD/RL]
RMBS
residential mortgage-backed security
robustness
Page 493
rogue state
rogue nation
renegade government
rollback commitment
[WTO]
rollback of NAB credit arrangements
rollback, tariff
rolling budget
revolving budget
continuous budget
( )
rollover
rollover credit
( )
roll-over date
rollover pressure
rollover risk
Romance Language Editorial Section
[TGS/LR/ED]
root-mean square
round
[GATT]
Page 494
rounding tripping
roundtripping
royalty
rule of law
rules and practices of the Fund

[IMF]

( )
standard practices (of the Fund)
Rules and Regulations

[IMF]
rules for designation

[SDR]
rules for reconstitution
[SDR]
rules for repurchase
[IMF]
rules of origin
[customs]
rules-based framework
run on a currency
rush of expenditure
rush for expenditure

rush in expenditure
Page 495
Russian Section
[TGS-LS]
sacrifice ratio
[production; employment]
safe haven currency
safeguard measure
[SNA93]
safeguard clause
safeguard
[SNA93]
safeguards assessment
Safeguards Assessments Division
[FIN/SA]
safeguards on the use of Fund resources
safeguards
salary
salary scale
[general]
salary schedule
wage scale
wage schedule
pay scale
pay schedule
pay table
sales of land and intangible assets
[GFSY]
Page 496
sales tax
[GFS 1986; GFSM]
sample
sample census
sample frame
sampling framework
sample of no commercial value
[BOP]
sample survey
[BPM5]
sample variance
sampling variance
[CPI]
sampling distribution
sampling
[BPM5]
Samurai bond
sanitary services
satellite currency
saturated market
filled market
Page 497
Saudi Arabian Monetary Agency
SAMA
saving
saving rate
saving(s) ratio
savings account
savings and loan association
S&L
savings association
[GMBS]
savings bank
[BPM5]
savings bond
savings certificate
savings deposit
savings glut
saving glut
savings passbook
Say's Law
Say's law of markets
scalable solution
Page 498
scale effect
scale factor
scaling factor
scale of charges for drawings
[IMF]
scale variable
scaling-up of aid
scalping
[commodities market; securities market]
scarce currency
scarcity rent
hotelling rent
HR
scatter diagram
scenario
schedular tax
schedule of charges
schedule of repurchases
schedule
annex
Page 499
scheduled installment
[IMF]
scheduled repurchase
[IMF]
scripless trading
SDDS Plus
SDR as numeraire
SDR qua numeraire
SDR as reserve instrument
SDR as reserve
SDR qua reserve
SDR as unit of account
SDR qua unit of account
SDR assessment
assessment
SDR charges
SDR Department
SDR holdings account
SDR account
SDR interest and charges
[IMF]
SDR interest rate
Page 500
SDR interest rate basket

SDR basket
SDR interest
[IMF]
SDR loan facility

same-day loan facility
[review of quotas]
SDR loan arrangement
same-day, no cost SDR loan
SDR same-day facility
same-day borrowing/repayment of SDRs
same-day loan and repayment in SDRs
SDR Facility
SDR use
[IMF]
SDR valuation
SDR valuation basket

SDR basket
SDR weighted average interest rate
SDR-denominated
sealed bid
[GA]
seasonal adjustment
[BPM6; SNA93]
seasonal credit
crop credit
Page 501
seasonal dummy variable

seasonal dummy
seasonal labor force

seasonal labor
seasonal workers
migrant labor
migrants
seasonal peak
seasonal unemployment
seasonally adjusted annual rate

SAAR
seasonally adjusted
[IFS]
seasoned security
seat
Second Central Bank Gold Agreement
CBGA2
second generation of reforms
secondary instrument
secondary market
Page 502
((

secondary reserves
[banking: USA]
secondary line of reserves
secondary sampling unit
SSU
second-best solution
second-best optimum
second-best theory
secondment
[personnel]
second-round price effect
second-tier bank
Secretary (of the Fund)

[IMF-SEC]
Secretary for Conferences, Assistant
[IMF-SEC; BFCO]
Secretary, Assistant
[IMF-SEC]
Secretary, Deputy
[IMF-SEC]
Secretary-General
[UN]
Page 503
Secretary's Department
[IMF]
SEC
Section Chief
[IMF]
sector GDP
sector
[BPM5; SNA93]
sectorization
sectorize
secular trend
secured note
[USA]
Securing the recovery and anchoring the future
Securities Account
[IMF]
Securities and Exchange Commission
[USA]
SEC
securities broker
security dealer
securities exchange
stock exchange
stock market
Page 504
securities index future
stock index future

share price index future
index future
Securities Markets Program
SMP
securities other than shares

[GFSM; FSIG; SNA93]
securitization
[BPM5; BPM6; MFSM]
( )

security classification
[process]
information classification
classification
Security Council
[UN]
security issued for cash
Security Operations Center
[IMF]
SOC
Security Services Division
[TGS/SE]
security
[finance]
Page 505
seed capital
[SNA93]
start-up capital
initial capital
seemingly unrelated regression
SUR
segmented markets theory
seigniorage
[GFS 1986; IFS]
seizure
seizure (of property)
Select Committee of Experts on the Evaluation of Anti-Money Laundering

Measures
( )/

PC-R-EV Committee
Selected Decisions of the International Monetary Fund and Selected
Documents
[IMF]
Selected Issues papers

SI
selected issues
[IMF documents]
selection of Chairman and Vice-Chairmen
[BL; Board of Governors]
selective default
[debt]
SD
Page 506
selective excises on goods
selective increase in quotas

[1989 - ]

self-adjustment
self-assessment
[taxation]
self-consumption
self-defeating prophecy
self-employed
[GFSM; SNA93]
independent labor force
self-financing
self-fulfilling prophecy
self-liquidating
[projects]
self-regulatory organization
SRO
self-sufficiency
[in general]
self-reliance
self-sustained ESAF
""
[IMF]
self-financing ESAF
Page 507
self-sustained PRGF
self-sustaining
self-sustained
sell short
shorting
selldown
sellers' market
selling exchange rate

selling rate
seller's rate
offer rate
semidurable good
semifinished good
semimanufacture
unfinished good
seminar
Seminars and Overseas Section
[INS/AV/SO]
semipublic enterprise
parapublic enterprise
mixed enterprise
Page 508
semiskilled labor
semiskilled manpower
semiskilled worker
Sendai Dialogue
senior auditor
senior bond
Senior Consultant to the Managing Director
[IMF-OMD]
senior creditor
senior debt
senior loan
senior official
high official
senior officer
[IMF]
senior preferred stock

first preferred stock
senior staff
[IMF]
sensitivity analysis
sensitivity stress test
[bank supervision]
Seoul Action Plan
Page 509
separate currencies (within a member's territories)
( )
[IMF]
separation of powers
sequential cropping
multiple cropping
sequestration
[budget; FSU]
serial bond issue
serial correlation test

SCT
serial multiyear rescheduling arrangement
serial MYRA
serial multiyear rescheduling agreement
service charge
[BPM5]
service fee
service economy
tertiary economy
service provider
serviceability
[DQAF]
services on merchandise
Page 510
set of equations
system of equations
[mathematics]
set off against each other
[obligations]
set
[mathematics]
set-aside account
set-aside amount
set-aside(s)
settlement agent
settlement currency
settlement netting
payment netting
[securities settlement system]
settlement of accounts
settlement of commitments
settlement of currency valuation adjustment
settlement of disagreements
[IMF]
settlement of disputes
settlement of financial obligations
settlement risk
Page 511
settlement system
settlement
settling-in grant
[IMF-HRD]
( )

settlor
severance pay
severance package
layoff pay
severance payments
severance tax
[GFS 1986]
severely indebted low-income countries
SILICs
severely indebted middle-income countries
SIMICs
shadow banking
shadow economy
gray economy
underground economy
[SNA93]
shadow exchange rate

accounting exchange rate
Page 512
shadow price
shadow program
shallow financial market
Shanghai Cooperation Organization

SCO
share capital
capital stock
Shared Services Unit

[TGS/DF/SS]
sharing clause
( )
shelf company
[BPM6]
off-the-shelf company
ready-made company
shell company
dormant company
front company
sheltered sector
shift between reserve assets
shift in the adequacy of global reserves
Page 513
shift in the demand curve

shift in demand
demand shift
shift of short-term funds
shifting of tax burden
[tax policy]
shifting of tax
shipment
[BPM5]
Shipping Unit
[IMF]
shock therapy
shocks window
Shogun bond
short bank
short end of the market
short position
short selling
short sale

) (
[securities]
Page 514
short squeeze
shortfall
shortfall year
[CCFF]
short-term asset
short-term capital
[BOP]
short-term debt
1993]
liquid debt
short-term interest rate

short-term rate
Short-Term Liquidity Facility
SLF
short-term liquidity line
SLL
short-term paper
short-term propensity
Shua'a
shuttle trade
side letter
Page 515
sight deposit liabilities
signaling
signaling channel
signature loan
unsecured loan
personal loan
character loan
significance level
[statistics]
simple interest rate
simple leverage ratio
simplified assumption
/
/
simplifying assumption
simulation model
simultaneous equations
Singapore interbank offered rate
( )
SIBOR
single banking license provision
[EC]
Page 516
single currency loan

monocurrency loan
Single European Act

[EC]
Single Act
Single European Market

[EC]
Single Market
[EC]
Single Resolution Authority

SRA
Single Resolution Mechanism

SRM
Single Supervisory Mechanism

SSM
single-currency pegging
single peg
single-currency link
unicurrency peg
unicurrency pegging
single-factor terms of trade
single-purpose expenditure rule
single-stage tax
single-topic mission
single-sector mission
Page 517
singular matrix
sinking fund
[GFS 1986]
SITC
[UN]
size of each credit tranche
size of the Fund
skewed distribution
skewness
skew
skilled labor
skilled manpower
skilled worker
slack capacity
idle capacity
underemployed capacity
slack domestic demand conditions
slack
[economics]
sliding-scale clause
slippage
[policy]
)(
/
/
/
Page 518
slope
[mathematics]
slow adjusters
Slutzky effect
small and medium-sized enterprises

SMEs
small and medium-size enterprises

small and medium-scale enterprises
small and medium-sized industries
SMIs
small cap company
small denomination note
small ingot
small island economy
small low-income economies
smart economics
Smoot-Hawley Tariff Act of 1930
Tariff Act of 1930
smoothing
smurfing
structuring
Page 519
SNA 1993
System of National Accounts 1993

[UN]
SNA
System of National Accounts

[BPM5; SNA93]
social accounting
[GBR]
social accounts
social assistance benefits
[GFSM; SNA93]
social benefits
social conditionality
social cost
social divide
social dumping
[WTO]
social expenditure
social wage
social impact analysis
SIA
social impact assessment
[World Bank]
SIA
Page 520
social infrastructure
social insurance benefits
[GFSM; SNA93]
social insurance contributions
[GFSM]
social insurance
[SNA]
social overhead capital
overhead capital
social planner
social protection floor
SPF
social rate of return

SRR
social safety net

safety net
[GFSM]
social security
social security contributions
[GFS 1986; GFSM; GFSY; SNA93]
social security funds
[GFS 1986; GFSM; SNA93]
social security system
social security scheme
Page 521
social surplus
net social benefit of production
social welfare
welfare
Society for Worldwide Interbank Financial Telecommunication

SWIFT

""

soft budget constraint

SBC
soft commodities
soft currency
soft landing
( )

soft loan
soft patch
soft restructuring
soft terms
[lending]
sole source procurement

single source procurement
noncompetitive procurement
solve for x
[equations]
Page 522
Solvency II
solvency ratio
some
[IMF]
sourcing
South Africa Regional Technical Assistance Center
South AFRITAC
AFRITAC South
AFS
South African Customs Union
SACU
Southern African Customs Union
South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation
SAARC
South Sudan Topical Trust Fund
South/Central American I, II Division

()( ) /
[WHD/S1, S2]
Southeastern Division I, II, III
()( )( )
[EUR/O1, O2, O3]
Southern African Development Community
SADC
Southern Common Market
( )
MERCOSUR
Page 523
Southern I, II Division
()( )
[EUR/S1, S2]
sovereign arrears
Sovereign Asset and Liability Management Division
[MCM/AL]
sovereign borrower
sovereign ceiling clause
sovereign credit
sovereign credit ratings
sovereign debt
sovereign debt crisis
Sovereign Debt Dispute Resolution Forum
[SDRM]
SDDRF
Sovereign Debt Forum

SDF
sovereign debt restructuring mechanism

Sovereign Debt Resolution Mechanism
SDRM
sovereign default
sovereign rating
[debt]
Page 524
sovereign risk premium
sovereign risk
political risk
sovereign spreads
sovereign bond spreads
interest rate spreads
sovereign wealth fund

SWF
sovereignty expenses
spaghetti bowl
Spanish and Portuguese Section
""
"
"

[TGS]
Spanish flu
spare capacity
spatial economics
special account
[Paris Club]
special accounts and special deposit accounts
[GFS 1986]
Special Advisor on Diversity
Page 525
Special Advisor to the Managing Director
[IMF-OMD]
Special Assistant to the Deputy Managing Director
[IMF-OMB]
special charges
[IMF]
additional charges
Special Contingent Account 1

First Special Contingent Account
()

SCA-1
Special Contingent Account 2

SCA-2
()

Second Special Contingent Account
Special Contingent Account

[BPM5]
Special Contingent Accounts--First and Second

[IMF]
Special Data Dissemination Standard Plus
SDDS Plus
Special Data Dissemination Standard

[IMF-EBB]
SDDS
special standard
more demanding standard
Special Disbursement Account
SDA
Page 526
Special Drawing Account

[AA]

""
special drawing rights

[BPM5]
SDR
paper gold
[SDR]
special drawing right
special election
[IMF, Executive Directors]
Special Facility for Sub-Saharan Africa

[IBRD]
SFSA
Special Facility for Africa
SFA
Africa Facility
special facility
[IMF]
special interest group

SIGS

( )
lobby
special majority
qualified majority
supermajority
special meeting
special mention
Page 527
Special Office Support Group
[HRD/RSD]
SOS
special one-time allocation of SDRs

[IMF]
one-time special SDR allocation
equity allocation of SDRs

special SDR allocation
special allocation of SDRs
Special Program of Assistance (for the Low-Income Debt-Distressed Countries

in Sub-Saharan Africa)
)
(
[IBRD]
SPA
Special Program of Assistance (to Sub-Saharan Africa)
special purpose entity

SPE

[1993 -]

special purpose vehicle

SPV
special purpose entity
Special Recommendations on Terrorist Financing
[FATF]
FATF 8
Eight Special Recommendations
8 Special Recommendations on Terrorist Financing
FATF 8 Special Recommendations
Special Representative to the EU
[IMF-EUO]
Special Representative to the United Nations
SPRUNO
Page 528
special revenue bond
special services departments
Special Trade Representative/Director
[IMF-GEN]
specialized agency
[UN]
Specialized Programs Unit

[INS/AV/TR/SP]
specific tariff
specification
spectral analysis
spectral density
spectrum
speculative attack
speculative bubble
speculative demand for money
speculative motive
speculation motive
spending-production lag
Page 529
Spexit
spillbacks
spillover effect
spillover
spinoff effect
spillovers
spillover report
spin-off

( )
[enterprises]
split pricing
differential pricing
spoils system
spot market
cash market
spot price
spot quotation
spot rate
cash price
spot transaction
spot exchange transaction
spouse and child allowance
" "

[IMF-HRD]
SCA
Page 530
spread effect
spread option contract

[derivatives]
spread option
spread over LIBOR
spread
[SNA93]
spreading of risks
risk spreading
risk diversification
spreadsheet
Spring Meetings
[IMF; IBRD]
spurious correlation
Stability and Growth Pact

SGP
stabilization fund
[IMF, GMBS]

[1993-]
stabilization measure
stabilization policy
Stabilization System for Export Earnings
[Lom Convention]
STABEX
Page 531
stable but adjustable par values
Staff Assistant
[IMF]
Staff Association Committee
[HRD/AI/SA]
SAC Office
SAC
Staff Development Center
[IMF-HRD]
Staff Development Division
[HRD/SD]
staff development
[personnel]
staff dispersal
staff estimates
[IMF]
staff member
[IMF]
Staff Memorandum
[IMF document series; SM/...]
SM
staff report
staff mission
[IMF]
Staff Position Note

Staff Position Paper
Page 532
staff projections
[IMF]
staff regulations
[IMF]
staff report for the Article IV consultations
Article IV report
article IV consultation report
Staff Retirement Fund

[IMF]
SRF
Staff Retirement Plan

[IMF]
SRP
staff-level agreement
staff-monitored program
SMP
Fund-monitored program
stage one
[IMF, safeguards assessment]
stage two
[IMF, safeguards assessment]
stagflation
stagnation
Page 533
stakeholder
stale check
stamp tax
stand alone Article IV reports

" "
Standard & Poor's Corporation
standard basket
[currencies]
standard component
standard data report form

SDRF
standardized data report form
standard report form
standardized report form
SRF
standard deviation
standard error of estimate

SEE
SE
Standard International Trade Classification
[UN]
SITC
standard loan
Page 534
standard market quotation
standard normal distribution
standard normal variable
standard of value
standardization
standardized variable
Standards and Codes Initiative
Standards and Coordination Unit

[PDR/AI/SC]
standard-setting organization
Stand-By Arrangement
[IMF]
SBA
stand-by charge
[IMF]
Standby Credit Facility

SCF
stand-by credit
stand-by loan
Page 535
Stand-By Operations Division
[SPR/ST]
SBO
standing committee
standstill agreement
standstill
1993]
standstill commitment
[WTO]
standstill on payments
standstill agreement
staple crop
start-up company
start-up
start-up cost
state capture
" "

""
state trading economy
state, provincial, or regional government
statement of account
[banking]
account statement
Page 536
statement of changes in financial position

[accounting]
statement of income and expenses

statement of income
income statement
profit and loss statement
income and expense statement
Statement of Surveillance Priorities
Statement of Workplace Values
state-owned asset management company
static efficiency
stationary state
Statistical Appendix
[IMF]
Statistical Commission
[UN]
statistical correspondent
[IMF-STA]
correspondent on statistical matters
Statistical Data and Metadata Exchange initiative
SDMX initiative
Statistical Data and Metadata Exchange
SDMX
Page 537
statistical data source

[MPI]
statistical decision theory

decision analysis
statistical discrepancy
[statistics]
statistical inference
Statistical Information Management Section
[STA/AI/SI]
SIMS
statistical noise
Statistical Office of the European Communities

[EU]
EUROSTAT

""
statistically significant
Statistics Department
[IMF]
STA
status of the Fund
status, immunities, and privileges
[AA]
statutory ceiling
Page 538
statutory law
statutory power
statutory reserve
[banking; insurance]
legal reserve
stay (of enforcement action)

[capital market]
( )
( )
stay of payments
stay on creditor litigation
steady state
steady-state growth
steering committee
stem and roll back
[trade restrictions]
step depreciation
discrete depreciation
one-off depreciation
discrete step depreciation
step-up recovery floating rate note

SURF
Page 539
sterilization
sterilize
[funds]
sterilized intervention
[central banking]
stickiness
downward rigidity
( )

stigma
stochastic
stochastic dynamic general equilibrium
SDGE
stochastic model
stochastic relationship
stochastically independent (ratios)
stock buyback
share repurchase
share buyback
Page 540
stock consolidation
reverse split
reverse split-up
splitback
splitdown
stock cycle
inventory cycle
stock data
position data
stock dividend
[USA]
scrip issue
[GBR]
stock index option contract
stock ledger
[accounting]
share ledger
stock option plan
stock split
[securities]
split
split-up
stock variable
stock
[SNA93]
Page 541
stockbuilding
stock-of-debt operation
[Paris Club; HIPC Initiative; Debt Guide, 1993]
debt stock agreement
stockpiling
Stockroom
[IMF]
stocks and flows
stock-to-use ratio
stop loss (order)

[securities]
stop-filer
[taxation]
stopgap measure
palliative measure
stop-go (policy)
stop and go
stop-loss rules
store of value
Page 542
stores and fuel

[BPM5]
straddle
straight bond
straight debt
straight-line depreciation
[accounting]
linear depreciation
strategic behaviour
Strategic Directions
Strategic Issues Division

[RES/SI]
Strategic Partnership with Africa
[IBRD]
SPA
Strategy and Planning Unit
[MCM/AI SU]
SU
Strategy, Policy, and Review Department
[IMF]
SPR
streamlined Article IV consultations
Page 543
streamlining of conditionality
streamlining of the public sector
strengthened debt strategy

[IMF]
strengthening of ownership
stress test scenario
( )
)(
)(
( )

[bank supervision]
stress test
stress testing
[FSAP]
strictly confidential
strike
stripped bond
stripped security
stripping (of coupons from bonds)

( )
( )

strong adjusters
[IMF/WEO]
strong law of large numbers
Page 544
structural adjustment
structural adjustment credit

[IBRD]
SAC
Structural Adjustment Lending
[IBRD]
SAL
structural benchmark
SB
structural budget balance
structural change in output
structural conditionality
structural equation
[econometrics]
structural performance criterion

structural PC
structural reform
structural rigidity
structural inflexibility
structural unemployment
structure and coding system of international transactions in services
classification
[BOP]
Page 545
structured asset
structured finance
structured investment vehicle

SIV
structured note

"t"

Student's t-distribution
t-distribution
Student distribution
"t"

Student's t-statistic
[statistics]
t-statistic
t-ratio
stunted growth
stylized fact
( )

subcomponent
subcontract
subject to repurchase
submission of bids
subnational government
Page 546
subordinated debt
junior debt
subordinated term debt

[BIS Capital Accord]
subprime mortgage market

nonprime mortgage market
subprime mortgage
subprime loan
subprime sector
Sub-Saharan Africa Regional Economic Outlook
sub-Saharan Africa

((

SSA
subscribe to the standard

[GDDS, SDDS]
subscriber country
[GDDS, SDDS]
subscript
subscription to international organizations
subscription to the standard
[GDDS, SDDS]
subscriptions of members
[IMF]
Page 547
subset
[mathematics]
subsidiarity
[EU]
subsidiary enterprise
subsidiary
incorporated branch
subsidiary company
subsidized interest rate
subsidy
subsidy resources
subsistence income
subsoil asset
substandard asset
subpar asset
substantive audit testing

substantive testing
substitute good
substitute
competitive good
substitution account
substitution bias
Page 548
substitution effect
substitution of securities for currency
[IMF]
substitution threshold price

[international commodity agreements]
successful bidder
successful tenderer
sudden stop of capital flows

sudden stop
SS
sudden stop crises
summary accounting
)(
summary proceedings
summary record
summary statement
[IMF, operations and transactions]
summary table
[GFSY]
Summit Level Group for South-South Consultations and Co-operation

Group of Fifteen
Group of 15
sum-of-the-years'-digits
[accounting]
SOYD
Page 549
sundry cash accounts

[BL]

[1997 -]

sunk cost
sunken cost
sunset clause
sunset legislation
[USA]
sunset act
superscript
Supervisory Capital Assessment Program
[USA]
SCAP
supervisory data source

[MPI]
supervisory practice and regulation
supplement reserves, need to
[IMF]
Supplemental Reserve Facility
[IMF]
SRF
supplementary budget
supplementary appropriation
Page 550
Supplementary Financing Facility Subsidy Account
[IMF]
SFF Subsidy Account
[IMF]
Supplementary Financing Facility

[IMF]
SFF
supplementary security income
[USA]
SSI
supplier
supplier industry
upstream industry
supplier's credit
1993]
supplies and equipment
[BPM5]
supply and use
[SNA93]
supply bottleneck
supply curve
supply schedule
Page 551
supply
][SNA93
supply-chain disruptions
supply-side constraints
supply-side economics
supply-side policy
supply-sider
support intervention
][exchange market
support price
support ratio
support remittance
support services
][IMF
Page 552
support staff
][IMF
supporting document
supporting table
suppressed inflation
repressed inflation
supranational authorities
[GFS 1986]
supranational institutions
surcharge
surcharge to the basic rate of charge
[IMF]
surplus country
surplus economies
surplus value
surplus
[accounting]
surrender of foreign exchange
surveillance
surveillance agenda
SA
Surveillance Committee
Page 553
Surveillance document
[IMF document series; SUR/...]

SUR
Surveillance Guidance Note

Surveillance Note
Surveillance Operations Division

[SPR/SV]
surveillance over exchange arrangements

[IMF]
Surveillance Review Division
[SPR/SW]
survey form
questionnaire
survey on capital markets
[IMF]
suspense account
transit account
clearing account
suspensive regime
suspicious activity report

[USA]
SAR
suspicious transaction report
[GBR]
STR
sustainability
Page 554
sustainable debt
sustainable development
sustainable growth
sustainable investing tool
sustained capital outflow
swap arrangement
swap
swap line
temporary reciprocal currency arrangement
swaption
swap option
sweep account
sweetener
swing credit
switch transaction
][exchange market
Page 555
SWOT analysis
strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats
symmetrical action
[AA]
syndicate
consortium
pool
syndicated loan
syndicated credit
synthetic collateralized debt obligation

synthetic CDO
synthetic index
synthetic instrument
synthetic position
system of accounting and internal control
System of Balances of the National Economy

[BPM5]
System of Material Product Balances

[BPM5]
MPS
systematic risk
[financial sector]
market risk
undiversifiable risk
beta risk
Page 556
systematically important countries
[IMF]
SICs
Systemic Issues and Crisis Resolution Division
[MCM/SI]
systemic risk
Systemic Transformation Facility
[IMF]
STF
systemically important institution
systemically less important economies
table top exercise

desk top exercise
t-account

[1993 -]
T
tail event
tail risk
tailwind
TAIMS
tailwinds
Technical Assistance Information Management System
Page 557

" "
tainted asset
Takaful
takeoff
[economics]
takeover
[enterprises]
tangible common equity
TCE
tangible equity capital
tap issue
[government securities]
tapering of unconventional monetary policies

tapering
target company
target group
target range
target variable
target zone model
target zone
( )
[exchange rates]
Page 558
targeting
( )

tariff barrier
tariff binding
[trade]
binding
tariff escalation
tariff heading
[BTN]
tariff item
[BTN, SITC]
tariff peak
[GATT]
peak
[BPM5]
tariff preference
tariff rate quota system
[trade]
tariff schedule
task force
Task Force on Anti-Money Laundering and the Financing of Terrorism
[IMF]
Task Force on Coordinated Portfolio Investment Survey
[IMF-STA]
Page 559
Task Force on External Debt and Reserves
[IMF]
Task Force on Finance Statistcs

TFFS
Inter-Agency Task Force on Finance Statistics

[UN]
Task Force on Implementation of Standards
[FSF]
Task Force on Multilateral Development Banks
[Development Committee]
Task Force on Nonconcessional Flows
[Development Committee]
Task Force on the Harmonization of Public Sector Accounting
TFHPSA
tax abatement
tax administration
[agency]
tax bureau
tax amnesty
tax arbitrage
tax assessment
[GFSM]
assessment
tax assignment
Page 560
tax audit
tax avoidance
tax base
tax bracket
tax buoyancy
buoyancy of a tax system
buoyancy of tax revenue
tax burden
tax clearing certificate

tax clearance
tax collection
tax concession
tax benefit
tax credit
[GFSM]
credit against (a) tax
tax deductible
tax deduction
tax deferral
tax elasticity
Page 561
tax enforcement
enforced collection
tax equity
tax fairness
tax evasion
tax expenditure
tax haven
tax holiday
tax incentive
tax incidence
incidence of taxation
tax indexation
tax liability
[GFS 1986]
tax loophole
tax loss carryback

carryback
loss carryback
tax optimization
Page 562
Tax Policy and Administration Topical Trust Fund
TPA-TTF
TPA
Tax Policy Division
[FAD/TP]
tax power
tax authority
tax preference
tax rate
tax ratio
tax rebate
tax offset
offset
tax reform
tax refund
[GFS 1986]
tax relief
tax break
tax return
tax revenue
[GFSM; GFSY]
tax receipts
tax yield
Page 563
tax shelter
tax smoothing
tax sparing credit
tax sparing
tax threshold
tax war
tax competition
tax wedge
fiscal wedge
tax withholding
withholding at source
tax year
[taxation]
taxable year
base year
fiscal year
FY
taxable capacity
ability to pay
taxable event
taxable income
Page 564
taxation
tax-based income policy
tax-based incomes policy

TIP
taxes on capital transfers
[BOP]
taxes on corporate net wealth
[GFS 1986]
taxes on goods and services
[GFS 1986; GFSM]
taxes on income, profits, and capital gains
[GFSM; GFSY]
taxes on payroll or workforce
taxes on personal net wealth
[GFS 1986]
taxpayer compliance
tax compliance
taxpayer identification number

TIN
tax identification number
single tax identification number
taxpayer
[SNA93]
tax-to-base elasticity
Page 565
Technical Assistance & Law Reform Unit
[IMF-LEG]
TA and Law Reform Unit
Technical Assistance Advisor
[IMF]
TA Advisor
Technical Assistance and Law Reform Group
[IMF-LEG]
TALR
Technical Assistance Country Strategy Note
TACSN
Technical Assistance Division
Technical Assistance Secretariat
[OMD/OBP/TS]
TAS
technical assistance
[BPM5]
TA
technical consultations
TC
technical defect
[GA]
Technical Memorandum of Understanding

[IMF]
TMU
technical memorandum
technical reserves
Page 566
Technical Subgroup on the Movement of Natural Persons - Mode 4

[United Nations]
technological gap
Technology and General Services Department
[IMF]
TGS
technology transfer
transfer of technology
TED spread
temporary admission
[customs]
temporary employment
temporary occupation
Temporary Windfall Profits Subaccount
tender offer
takeover bid
tender rate
[UK treasury bills]
tenor
Tequila crisis
Mexican crisis
Mexican peso crisis
Page 567
Tequila effect
term credit
term loan
term of maturity
maturity
life
term
term sheet
terminating participant
[AA]

[1993-]

termination grant
termination of a par value

[AA]
termination of participation
[IMF]
termination prior to liquidation

[AA-II]

[1993-]
termination
[IMF accounts]
terms and conditions

[GFSM]
terms of a credit
Page 568
terms of reference
TOR
terms of trade
Tesobono
[MEX]
test number
[cables]
tested cable
testing
The Commonwealth
The dismal science
the Library Network
thelibrarynetwork
The Los Cabos Accountability Assessment Framework
theory of the core
thin capitalization
thin capitalization rule
thin cap rule

earning-stripping rule
Page 569
thin market
narrow market
inactive market
slack market
thin trading
low volume
three-speed recovery
three-year arrangement
[ESAF, PRGF]
threshold effect
thrift institution
thrift
through-the-cycle rating
TTC
tied aid
tier 1 capital
capital tier one
core capital
primary capital

( 1)

[EU; banking]
tier 2 capital
capital tier two
supplementary capital
secondary capital

( )
[EU]
Page 570
tiered response
tight credit policy
tight labor market
tight market
tight oil
Shale oil
tightening of policy
hardening of policy
time deposit
fixed-term deposit
certificate of deposit
[FSIG; GMBS]
CD
time horizon
horizon
time lag
lag
time of recording
timing of recording
time path
time preference
Page 571
time regression
time series
time series analysis
time-based repurchase expectations
[IMF]
( )
( )
timeliness (of data)

[IMF-EBB]
timing adjustment
timing-based crisis-lending facility
[IMF]
timing-based lending facility
timing-based crisis prevention facility
timing based facility
Tobin tax
currency transactions tax
CTT
Tokyo International Forum
tolerance limits
( )
tombstone
too big to fail
[criterion, bank]
TBTF
too-connected-to-fail
Page 572
Topical Trust Fund on Managing Natural Resource Wealth

MNRW-TTF
Managing Natural Resource Wealth

MNRW
topical trust fund
TTF
topping up
[Paris Club]
topping-up assistance
Toronto terms
Toronto treatment
total expenditure and lending minus repayments
[GFSY]
total factor productivity
TFP
total grants received in cash and in kind
[GFSY]
total quality management

[O&M, quality control]
TQM
Total Quality Control

TQC
total revenue and grants
[GFSY]
Townhall Meeting
Page 573
township-village enterprises
[CHN]
TVE
toxic assets
track record, to establish a positive
[IMF overdue financial obligations; HIPC Initiative]

proven record, to establish a
traction
tradable goods
tradables
trade arrears
trade barrier
trade impediment
trade creation
trade credit
trade financing
commercial credit
trade loan
trade currency
trade date
trade deepening
Page 574
trade deficit
trade gap
trade diversion
Trade Integration Mechanism

TIM
trade margin
Trade Negotiations Committee

[GATT]
TNC
trade netting
Trade Policy Coordinating Committee
[CAREC]
TPCC
Trade Policy Division
[SPR/TR]
trade remedy measures
trade remedies
trade restriction
trade restrictive practice
trade restrictiveness index
TRI
trade sanction
Page 575
trade statistics
trade figures
traded endowment policy

[insurance]
TEP
second hand endowment policy
( )
traded good
trade-off
trade-off model of cash holdings
trade-related aspects of intellectual property rights
[WTO]
TRIPs
trade-related investment measure
[GATT]
TRIM
trade-related technical assistance and capacity building
[WTO]
TRTA/CB
trade-weighted
trading blocs
trading book
trading partners
partner countries
Page 576
trading pit
trading floor
trading room
[banking]
trading floor
traditional debt relief mechanisms
Training Administration Section
[INS/AV/TR]
Training Section
[HRD/SD/TR]
tranche policy
[IMF]
tranche position
[IMF]
transaction arranged by the IMF
[IMF]
arranged transaction
transaction balances
transaction basis
transaction by agreement
[IMF]
transaction cost
transaction currency
[BPM5]
Page 577
transaction demand for money
transaction value
[Customs]
transaction velocity (of money)
transaction with designation

[SDR]
designated transaction
transaction
[IMF]
transactional motive
[monetary theory]
transaction motive
transactions account
[USA]
transactions in goods, services, and income
[BPM5]
transactions without designation
transactor
transactor principle
transfer cost
transfer in kind
[BPM5]
Page 578
transfer income
transfer of real resources
transfer payment
[GFS 1986]
transfer pricing
transfer pricing
transfer price
transfer risk
1993]
transfer tax
transferable contracts
[BOP]
transferable security
transferee
[SDR]
transferor
[SDR]
transhumance
transit trade
[BPM5; BPM6]
Page 579
transition country
[IMF country classification]
country in transition
transition economy
transitional arrangements
[IMF]
transitional procedures
[IMF]
transitional provisions
[AA]
Translation Coordination Center
TCC
Translation Division
[IMF-TGS/L]
Translation Processing Center
[TGS/AI/LP]
TPC
transmission mechanism
Trans-Pacific Strategic Economic Partnership
transparency
transparent policy
Transportation Section
[TGS/DG/TR]
Page 580
transshipment
[customs]
transversality
transversality condition
no-Ponzi game
no-Ponzi game condition
travel allowance
[IMF-HRD]
Travel Payments Section

[FIN/AX/TR]
( )
treasury bill
T-bill
( )
treasury bond
T-bond
Treasury Inflation-Protected Security

TIPS
Treasury Inflation-Indexed Security
treasury note
( )
T-note
Treasury Single Account

TSA
Treasury-IMF account
TIMF account
Treaty on European Union

Maastricht Treaty
Page 581
trend analysis
trend GDP
trend inflation
structural inflation
trend path
trend rate
trend rate of growth
trend value
trend variable
trending
trial and error

ttonnement
trial balance
][accounting
working balance
triangular trade
trickle down theory
Triennial Surveillance Review

TSR
Page 582
trigger
trigger price
trillion
[IMF-IBRD; USA]
Trinidad and Tobago terms

[Paris Club]
Trinidad terms
tripolar monetary system
troubled assets
Troubled Assets Relief Program
TARP
troubled financial institution
trough
troy ounce of fine gold

fine troy ounce
fine ounce
true mean
( )
Trust Account
[IMF-ESAF]
fiduciary account
Page 583
Trust for Special ESAF Operations for the Heavily Indebted Poor Countries and
Interim ESAF Subsidy Operations
[IMF]
ESAF-HIPC Trust
""

""
" "" "
[IMF]
Trust for Special Poverty Reduction and Growth Operations for the Heavily
Indebted Poor Countries and Interim ECF Subsidy Operations
Poverty Reduction and Growth-Heavily Indebted Poor Countries Trust
PRG-HIPC Trust
Trust Fund Cash Account
[IMF]
Trust Fund Instrument
[IMF]
Trust Fund
[IMF]
trusted advisor
trustee
trustee savings bank
tunneling
turning point
turnaround
change point
turnover tax
Page 584
turnover
sales
twin deficit
twin-track approach
[Horn of Africa]
two pack
[European Union]
two-speed recovery
two-stage least squares
[statistics]
two-tailed test
[statistics]
two-sided test
two-tier banking system
two-tier development
two-tier market
two-tier pricing system
two-way breakdown
two-way trading arrangements
Page 585
two-way transaction
[SDR]
U.S.-Canada Free Trade Agreement
Umbrella Account for HIPC Operations
( )

" "
[ESAF-HIPC]
UMP countries
umpire
[law]
UN Development Group-World Bank Fiduciary Principles Accord

FPA
unanchored inflation expectations
unanimous consent
unbanked people
underbanked
unbanked
unbiased
unbiased estimator
[statistics]
unchallengeable use
[SDR]
unclassified government agency
[BOP]
Page 586
unclassified
uncommitted resources
unconditional financial contract
unconditional liquidity
unconventional monetary policies

UMP
unconventional policies
uncovered check
uncovered interest rate differential
undeclared employment
unreported employment
undercapitalization
[enterprises]
underdeveloped country
UDC
underemployment
[SNA93]
Page 587
underfunding
underinvestment
" "
underinvoicing
][SNA93
underlying balance approach
underlying deficit
structural deficit
underlying item
underlying asset
underlying security
][derivatives
underlying instrument
underlying
][BPM6; SNA93
Page 588
underrepresented countries
undershooting
undervalued currency
underwriter
underwriting bank
[securities]
underwriter
underwriting fee
underwriting commission
underwriting syndicate
underwriting consortium
underwriting group
underwriting pool
issue syndicate
underwriters
underwriting
[securities]
undisbursed debt
undrawn balance
unearned income
uneconomic
[SNA93]
uneconomical
Page 589
unemployed
[SNA93]
unemployment benefit
unemployment compensation
unemployment insurance
unemployment trap
unemployment
[GFSM; SNA93]
unenforceable
unexplained variance
residual variance
unfair competition
unfair competitive advantage
unfilled orders
) (

unfulfilled repurchase expectation

[IMF]
unfunded employee social benefits

[SNA93]
unfunded social benefits

unfunded benefits
[SNA93]
Page 590
unfunded liabilities
[insurance; retirement]
unfunded mandate
[USA]
uniform delivery price
uniform norm for remuneration
[IMF]
uniform norm
uniform system for pricing
unilateral currency union
unilateral debt rescheduling
unimpaired
[bank supervision]
satisfactory
unincorporated enterprise
unincorporated business
unincorporated public enterprise
unincorporated government enterprise
unionized labor
unit elasticity
unitary elasticity
Page 591
unit labor cost

unit labor costs
unit labor cost-based real effective exchange rate
ULC-based real effective exchange rate
unit of output
unit produced
unit of value
unit root test
unit value
unit value index

[FSIG]
unitary exchange rate

unitary rate of exchange
United Nations Centre on Transnational Corporations
UNCTC
United Nations Children's Fund

UNICEF
United Nations Commission on International Trade Law

UNCITRAL
United Nations Conference on Environment and Development

UNCED
Earth Summit
United Nations Conference on the Least Developed Countries
Page 592
United Nations Conference on Trade and Development

UNCTAD
United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime
United Nations Development Assistance Framework
[UN]
UNDAF
United Nations Development Group
[UN]
United Nations Development Programme
UNDP
United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization

UNESCO
United Nations Environment Programme

UNEP
United Nations Fund for Population Activities
[UN]
UNFPA
United Nations Industrial Development Organization
UNIDO
United Nations International Conference on Population and Development
United Nations Monetary and Financial Conference

[IMF-IBRD]
Bretton Woods Conference
United Nations Population Fund
UNFPA
Page 593
United Nations Transitional Administration in East Timor
UNTAET
United Nations
UN
United States-Israel Free Trade Agreement
U.S.-Israel FTA
unitization
[petroleum industry]
univariate time series
universality of Fund membership

[IMF]
unlisted security
unquoted security
unpaid charge
[IMF]
unpeg the rate
unrealistic par value

[IMF]
unrealized gain
unrealized income
paper gain
paper profit
unrealized profits and losses
UN-related organization
Page 594
unremitted earnings
[BPM5]
unremunerated reserve tranche position
[IMF]
unrequited payment
unrequited transaction
unrequited transfer
unrestricted use
[SDR]
unsecured loan
unskilled labor
unskilled manpower
unskilled worker
unsoundness
naked intervention
( )

untapped resource
unsterilized intervention
untied aid
untying of aid
Page 595
)(
unwind
][securities settlement systems

) ..(

unwinding of global imbalances
unwinding of positions
upgrading
upper credit tranche quality

UCT quality
upper credit tranches

][IMF
upside risk
upstream capacity
upstream integration
upturn
upswing
upsurge
upward adjustment
upward bias
][CPI
positive bias
Page 596
upward pressure
upward trend
rising trend
uptrend
upward-sloping curve
urban development
urbanization economies
Uruguay Round (of Multilateral Trade Negotiations)

[GATT]
usable currency
[IMF]
usable national currency
use of Fund credit
use of IMF credit
use of IMF resources
[IMF]
use of Fund resources
UFR
use value
user cost
user fee
user charge
Page 597
user friendly
[IT]
utility
utility function
vacancy
job vacancy
opening
job opening
valuable
valuation
valuation basis
valuation effects
value added in manufacturing
value added to exports ratio
VAX ratio
value date
[IMF]
value for money

VFM
value index
value judgment
Page 598
value-added deflator
value-added tax
VAT
value-at-risk methodology
[BIS]
value-at-risk model
VaR
variability
variable rate mortgage

VRM
variable uniform norm for remuneration

[IMF]
variable uniform norm
variance analysis
variance decomposition
variance
[statistics]
variation margin
vault cash
cash in vault
vector
Page 599
vector autoregression analysis

vector autoregression model
VAR model
vehicle currency
velocity of circulation
velocity of money
venture
venture capital
risk capital
verbal intervention
vertical check
( )
( )

vertical fund
vertical integration
very large use of Fund resources
very short-term financing facility
( )

[EU]
VSTFF
viability
viable
/
/
Page 600
vicious circle
vintage
[oil and gas]

vintage year
virement
virtuous circle
Visa Services Office
[IMF-HRD]
visiting scholar
[IMF]
visiting professor
visiting fellow
vital statistics
volatile capital
volatility
volume index
voluntary contribution account
[IMF arrears; debt reduction]
voluntary departure program
voluntary departure scheme
Page 601
voluntary export restraint
VER
voluntary repayment
[IMF]
voluntary repurchase
[IMF]
voluntary restraint
self-restraint
voluntary unemployment
von Neumann's ratio
vostro account
vote by proxy
[IMF]

[1997 -]

voting power
[IMF]
voting without meeting
v-shaped rebound
v-shaped recovery
V
V
vulnerabilities
[surveillance]
vulnerability assessment
Page 602
vulnerability exercise
vulnerability indicator

""
vulture fund
wage award
salary award
wage bill
payroll
wage cost(s)
payroll cost(s)
wage differential
wage drift
wage creep
wage earner
wage equalization
wage flexibility
wage goods
wage indexation
( / )

Page 603
wage policy
wages policy
wage rate
wage
wage restraint
wage moderation
wage round
wage settlement
wage wedge
wage-bargaining system
wage-push inflation
wages and salaries
[BPM5; GFSM; GFSY; SNA93]
wages fund doctrine
waive
waiver
Walras' Law
warehousing
Walras' stability
[BPM5]
Page 604
warning signal
warning sign
warrant
[financial derivatives]
stock warrant
equity warrant
subscription warrant
stock purchase warrant
share purchase warrant
watchdog body
waterlogging
ways and means
ways and means advances

[budget]
weak law of large numbers
weak policies scenario
wealth effect
wealth tax
[BPM5]
tax on wealth
[SNA93]
wealth
[BPM5; GFSM; SNA93]
weight
Page 605
weighted average
[SNA93]
weighted regression
weighted voting system
weighting bias
weighting pattern
welfare economics
welfare payment
welfare state
welfare
well-being
wellhead price
[oil; natural gas]
WEO exercise
West Africa Monetary Zone
[IBRD]
WAMZ
West Africa Regional Technical Assistance Center

West AFRITAC
AFRITAC West
Page 606
West African Clearing House
WACH
CCAO
West African Development Bank

WADB
West African Division I, II
() ( )
[AFR/WB, WF]
West African Economic and Monetary Union
WAEMU
West African Economic Community
WAEC
CEAO
West African Monetary Agency
WAMA
West African Monetary Union
WAMU
Western Division
[EUR/WE]
Western European Union
WEU
Western Hemisphere Department
[IMF]
WHD
Western Hemisphere Division
[INS/WH]
Page 607
white noise
[statistics]
wholesale bank
wholesale financial services
wholesale price index

WPI
wholly owned subsidiary
fully owned subsidiary
widespread floating
windfall profit
windfall
windfall tax

""
window dressing
window of opportunity
opportunity
[SNA93]
win-win situation
wire transfer
Wishart distribution
Page 608
withdrawal from membership
[IMF]
withdrawal of bid
[GA]
withhold tax
collect withholding tax for the government
withholding tax
Wolfsberg Group
women's agency
Women's World Banking
WWB
Work Practices Section

[OIA]
WPS
workers' remittances
[BPM5; BPM6]
workforce
[enterprises]
working balance
Working Group on Capital Flows
[FSF]
Page 609
Working Group on Creditor-Debtor Relations
[IMF]
Working Group on IMF Corporate Governance
Working Group on Jobs and Inclusive Growth
Working Group on Offshore Financial Centers
[FSF]
Working Group on the Fund's Risk Management Framework
working party
working hypothesis
working life
working group
working paper
Working Party of the Group of African Governors

African Working Party
Working Party on the Measurement of International Capital Flows
[BPM5]
Working Party on the Statistical Discrepancy in World Current Account

Balances
[IMF, BIS;EUROSTAT, OECD]
working table
working-age population
Page 610
worksheet
[BPM5]
World Bank Group

WBG
World Bank
[World Bank Group]
WB
World Conference on Disaster Reduction

WCDR
world current account statistical discrepancy
-
21

world current account discrepancy
World Customs Organization

WCO
World Development Report

[World Bank]
WDR
World Economic and Market Developments
[IMF]
WEMD
World Economic Forum
World Economic Outlook Update

" "
WEO Update
World Economic Outlook
" "
[IMF]
WEO
Page 611
World Economic Studies Division
[RES/WO]
World Faiths Development Dialogue
[IBRD]
WFDD
World Food Council

[FAO]
WFC
World Food Programme

[UN-FAO]
WFP
World Health Organization

WHO
World Intellectual Property Organization

WIPO
world market price
world price
World Tourism Organization
WTO
World Trade Organization
WTO
worse-policies scenario
[WEO]
worst-policies scenario
pessimistic scenario
worst case scenario

pessimistic scenario
Page 612
( )
write down (an asset)
( )
write off (an asset)

charge off
write off debt
write-down
write-off value
write-off amount
write-off
X-axis
Y copy system
[banking]
Yankee bond
""

Y-axis
yearly rate
year-on-year change
year-to-year basis, on a
year-on-year basis, on a
y/y
yield
Page 613
yield curve
term structure of interest rates
interest rate structure
term structure
yield to maturity
YTM
redemption yield
Youth Dialogue
zero base budget

[IMF]
ZBB
zero-based review
zero bound
zero interest bound
zero growth
zero saving
zero-coupon bond
zeroing
[WTO]
zero-sum game
Page 614

IMF Glossary

Uploaded by

Document Information

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

IMF Glossary

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

English

100 percent reserve banking

1977 Decision on Surveillance over Exchange Rate Policies

2007 Decision on Bilateral Surveillance

above face value

above par value

above the line

IMF GLOSSARY WEB 2014 ENGLISH-ARABIC

absolute return fund

absorption approach to the balance of trade

Abu Dhabi Fund for Arab Economic Development

accelerated cost recovery system

IMF GLOSSARY WEB 2014 ENGLISH-ARABIC

accelerated rate of depreciation

access policy and access limits

access to the market

IMF GLOSSARY WEB 2014 ENGLISH-ARABIC

accommodative monetary policy

Accounting and Auditing Organization for Islamic Financial Institutions

IMF GLOSSARY WEB 2014 ENGLISH-ARABIC

accounts and departments

accounts of the IMF in member countries

IMF accounts in member countries

Accounts Payable Unit

Accra Agenda for Action

accrual basis accounting

IMF GLOSSARY WEB 2014 ENGLISH-ARABIC

accrued interest receivable

accrued to the date of liquidation

absolute liquid ratio

IMF GLOSSARY WEB 2014 ENGLISH-ARABIC

acquired rights clause

acquisition approach to interest expense

acquisition of non-produced, nonfinancial assets

Action Program for Development

IMF GLOSSARY WEB 2014 ENGLISH-ARABIC

active portfolio rebalancing

actual final consumption

actual interest yield

IMF GLOSSARY WEB 2014 ENGLISH-ARABIC

actual rate of return

ad hoc quota boosters

ad hoc quota increase

IMF GLOSSARY WEB 2014 ENGLISH-ARABIC

adjustable exchange rate

adjusted overall fiscal balance

IMF GLOSSARY WEB 2014 ENGLISH-ARABIC

adjustment of the peg

adjustment to cash basis

adjustment with growth

Administered Account - country

[IMF - contribution from a country]

IMF GLOSSARY WEB 2014 ENGLISH-ARABIC

Administrative Expenditures and Control Division

administrative fees and charges

Administrative Law Unit

Administrative Payments Section

Administrative Services Division

IMF GLOSSARY WEB 2014 ENGLISH-ARABIC

adverse feedback loop

Advisor on Diversity, Senior

Advisor on Work Practices

Advisor to the Executive Director

IMF GLOSSARY WEB 2014 ENGLISH-ARABIC