Professional Documents
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Patterns
What Characteristics might be
inherited?
List some other characteristics you
have that might be inherited that we
have not already talked about in
class.
Alleles
The various forms
of the same gene
Alleles on a pair of
homologs, may or
may not be
different.
Determining Gender
The 23 pair of
chromosomes in
humans are the sex
chromosomes.
They are called the Xchromosome and the Ychromosome.
Human females have
two X-chromosomes.
Human males have one
X- and one Ychromosome
(Edward) who
died at a young
age.
His daughter
Elizabeth became
one of the most
famous rulers in
history.
Mom
Gives X or Y Gene
Offspring
Allele
one of the different
versions/forms
of a gene
Example:
gene: flower color
http://www.bio.miami.edu/~cmallery/150/mendel/allele.jpg
F = allele for purple
flowers
f = allele for white
flowers
dominant allele
allele
that will be
expressed
as a trait
if it is
present
Examples:
W
D
T
http://staff.jccc.net/PDECELL/celldivision/c
hromosome1.gif (modified)
recessive allele
allele which is
masked/hidde
n/ covered up
by the
dominant
allele
Examples:
w
d
t
http://staff.jccc.net/PDECELL/celldivision/c
hromosome1.gif (modified)
http://cache.gawker.com/asset
s/resources/2007/01/travoltahairclub.jpg
dominant trait
trait which
covers up/
hides/masks
the presence
of the
recessive trait
Examples:
Widows peak
Dimples
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fi
le:Mina_widows_peak.jpg
Allele Practice 1
If I have a
dominant allele for
brown eyes (B),
but a recessive
allele for black
eyes (b), what
would be the color
of my eyes?
Allele Practice 2
If R is dominant
for rough skin, and
r is recessive for
smooth skin, what
kind of skin would
you have if you
inherited two
recessive alleles
(rr)?
Phenotype
the physical
make-up of an
organism
the visible traits
of an organism
Examples:
Widows peak
no dimples
Tongue-rolling
http://www.uni.edu/walsh/widow.jpg
http://life.qoop.com/images/674098
Genotype
the genetic makeup of an organism
the non-visible
traits
of an
organism
Examples:
WW = (Widows
peak)
dd (no dimples)
Tt (Tongue-rolling)
http://www.uni.edu/walsh/widow.jpg
http://life.qoop.com/images/674098
Practice 1
Is eye color a
phenotype or
genotype?
Practice 2
Will Smith has
some really big
ears. List possible
genotypes that may
produce this
particular
phenotype.
B (big ears)
b (small ears)
Practice 3
Why are some
parents traits
expressed in
their offspring
while others are
not?
Heterozygous hybrid or
mixed
When the alleles are different.
We say Organisms are heterozygous
for that
trait.
Examples:
Aa = Blue Eyes (Heterozygous for blue
eyes)
Homozygous purebred or
same
When the alleles are the same.
We say Organisms are homozygous for that
trait.
Examples:
AA = Blue Eyes
or
aa = Brown Eyes (Homozygous for brown
eyes)
Practice 1
David has a dominant allele for brown eyes.
His mother is heterozygous for hazel eyes.
David is also homozygous for his eye color.
What are the genotypes of David and his
mother?
Davids Genotype:
Moms Genotype:
Practice 2
Madison has a recessive allele for narrow
shoulders. She meets Jacob who also has a
recessive allele for narrow shoulders but is
heterozygous for broad shoulders. Madison
also has broad shoulders.
What are the genotypes of Madison and Jacob?
Madisons Genotype:
Jacobs Genotype: