Rosales 1

George Rosales
ENG 11000 Freshman Composition
Prof. Lisa Diomande
Annotated Bibliography
04/15/2015
1. "Gender Wage Discrimination and Poverty in the EU." Feminist Economics 16.2 (2010): 7377. Business Source Complete. Web. 15 Apr. 2015.
This excerpt from the chapter Gender Wage Discrimination and Poverty in the
EU in the journal Feminist Economics begins by analyzing how gender wage discrimination
affects household poverty across Europe. It provides statistical information regarding womens
wages relative to mens wages as well as the authors speculation as to why gender wage
discrimination in Europe exists. The author tells us that women are over-represented in part-time
and/or temporary jobs, contributing to the growing gap of gender wages. It is also pointed out
that traditional gender roles still exist in modern society, in which women are responsible for
housework and childcare while men provide the household income. However, this is countered
with emphasis on the idea that women contribute to household income and prevention of
poverty. The author also mentions that surveys and experiments have been carries out in an
attempt to see if women-lead households lead to a greater risk of poverty than men-lead
households.
It is acknowledged that these surveys offer very little information about the
workers experiences. Additionally, the author points out that it is difficult to assess the effect of
gender wage discrimination on household income, although the authors own perspective as to
why this may be is offered.

2. Kaplan, Sarah. "Study Finds, Surprisingly, That Women Are Favored for Jobs in
STEM." Washington Post. The Washington Post, 14 Apr. 2015. Web. 15 Apr. 2015.

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This article is about a study conducted by the Cornell Institute for Women in
Science. A survey was conducted on 900 faculty members from over 300 schools in the United
States. The participants were given profiles of fictional people who were potential job
candidates, and they were given the task of ranking them according to who was more qualified
for assistant professorships in the fields of biology, engineering, economics, and psychology. The
study showed that female candidates were more likely to be ranked more qualified for these jobs.
To be more precise, the ratio of women to men who were more favored for a job in the STEM
(Science Technology Engineering and Math) field was 2 to 1. Kaplan, the author, points out that
women make up 20% of faculty in the science department in schools. She then speculated as to
why this is. It is pointed out that womens life choices may put them at a disadvantage, such as
maternity leaves.
The survey conducted, however, could have lead to gender bias because it is
acknowledged that the fake profiles of women in the study conducted were exceptionally well
qualified. Additionally, it is not clear whether more men or more women participated in the
study, or if it was 450 men and women.

3. Lips, Hilary. "Acknowledging Discrimination as a Key to the Gender Pay Gap." Sex
Roles 68.3 (2013): 223-30. Web. 15 Apr. 2015.
In this article, Hilary Lips responds to multiple commentaries from different
authors regarding the gap of gender pay. She begins with discussing how women earn less than
men 1 year after college, and how 8% of womens earnings goes to paying their debts. She

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points out that between the ages of 22-30, men earn more money from jobs than women do. She
also uses concepts of social psychology to explain how there are people out there who try to
deny the fact that they are victims of social injustice with respect to socioeconomics. They want
to see that the world is fair, and business and political leaders assure them that there are no issues
regarding this. Much like the other articles above, Hilary speculates as to why this is. She points
out that women are physically different from men. For example, women can get pregnant but
men cannot. Additionally, men and women make different life choices with respect to education,
work, and family. Because women are viewed as potential mothers, their commitment their jobs
is put into question. She does acknowledge that the gender pay gap is difficult to explain if you
dont account for gender. Furthermore, she introduces politics as part of the problem. Political
leaders present information regarding this in balance in ways that women are not completely
accounted for.(Lips